CN114179967A - Ocean buoy system and voltage feedback adjustment method - Google Patents
Ocean buoy system and voltage feedback adjustment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114179967A CN114179967A CN202111086711.1A CN202111086711A CN114179967A CN 114179967 A CN114179967 A CN 114179967A CN 202111086711 A CN202111086711 A CN 202111086711A CN 114179967 A CN114179967 A CN 114179967A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 230000009123 feedback regulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002500 effect on skin Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B22/00—Buoys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an ocean buoy system, which comprises a buoy body, wherein a buoy ball socket is arranged at the bottom of the buoy body, and a buoy ball head movably connected with the buoy ball socket is arranged in the buoy ball socket; the outer surface of the buoy ball head seat is wound with a spherical primary coil, a cavity is arranged in the buoy ball head, and the inner surface of the buoy ball head seat is wound with a spherical secondary coil coupled with the primary coil; a primary circuit electrically connected with the primary coil is arranged in the buoy body; the bottom of the buoy ball head is connected with a secondary circuit cavity, a secondary circuit electrically connected with a secondary coil is arranged in the secondary circuit cavity, the secondary circuit is also electrically connected with an underwater cable, and the underwater cable is electrically connected with a plurality of sensors; the invention also discloses a voltage feedback regulation method; the invention can freely tilt or rotate within a certain range under the influence of sea waves without bending and twisting the submarine cable below, thereby greatly prolonging the service life of the ocean buoy system and reducing the use cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ocean monitoring equipment, in particular to an ocean buoy system and a voltage feedback adjusting method.
Background
The ocean contains various abundant resources, and the ocean buoy is one of important ocean equipment for ocean exploration, carries various monitoring sensors and supporting equipment, can carry out real-time online in-situ monitoring on various parameters such as water quality, salinity, turbidity, meteorology, hydrology and the like in the sea area where the ocean buoy is located, communicates through GPRS and Beidou short messages, and transmits monitoring information to a terminal system.
In order to collect ocean data from multiple levels and angles, the ocean buoy system can be used for laying more sensors on ocean profiles below the sea surface besides a buoy body part at a sea surface junction so as to monitor various parameters of the ocean at different depths. The sensors are usually connected with a buoy body on the sea surface through a single cable for combining electric energy and signals. The ocean environment is complex and variable, severe environments such as sea wave and seawater corrosion seriously threaten the service life of the ocean buoy, and the joint of the cable and the ocean buoy is one of the most fragile and vulnerable parts. Therefore, the ocean buoy system capable of avoiding damage to the joint of the cable and the buoy body is designed, and the service life and the use cost of the ocean buoy are greatly prolonged.
The ocean buoy system is laid above the sea surface and is not swayed and rotated with the wave inclination at all times. Therefore, the connection between the buoy and the cable may be bent or twisted, resulting in abrasion, twisting, breaking, and other damages. At present, there are several common connection methods to avoid the situation that the buoy cable is broken due to bending and twisting.
Patent specification with publication number CN105691556B discloses a marine environment noise source recording buoy, which is in hard connection with a cable, the cable directly penetrates out of the buoy cavity, any swing rotation of the buoy on the sea surface due to the structure can directly act on the cable connection part, the cable completely depends on the self-protection material to resist the action of wind and waves, the use cost of the buoy system can be greatly increased by adopting a high-strength special cable, and meanwhile, the fatigue damage accumulated in the day and the month can still be hardly resisted despite the higher strength of the special cable;
the patent specification with the publication number of CN106965905B discloses a marine acoustic measurement buoy system, which comprises a floating body, an instrument cabin, a force receiver and an integrated single cable array, wherein the floating body is embedded at the outer side of the upper part of the instrument cabin, the lower part of the instrument cabin is connected with the integrated single cable array through the force receiver, an acoustic sensor is arranged on the integrated single cable array, a signal wire of the acoustic sensor is connected with a control device of the instrument cabin, and a fish lead is hung at the lower end of the array body of the integrated single cable array; according to the scheme, the integrated single cable is connected below the cabin body through the force receiver, a certain buffering effect can be achieved, but the cables at the cable passing end parts of the force receiver in the patent are still in hard connection, so that the buffering effect is limited, and the problem cannot be fundamentally solved.
Patent specification with publication number CN111976897A discloses a buoy-based marine observation system, which includes a water surface buoy, a mooring machine cable, a water body observation node and a seabed observation node, wherein two ends of the mooring machine cable are respectively connected to the water surface buoy and the seabed observation node, the water body observation node is arranged in the middle of the mooring machine cable, the energy of the water surface buoy is transmitted to the water body observation node and the seabed observation node through the mooring machine cable, and the water body observation node transmits the collected water body data and the seabed data collected by the seabed observation node to the water surface buoy through the mooring machine cable. According to the scheme, a universal joint structure is used at the joint of the buoy cavity and the cable, and although the universal joint can offset the inclined swinging and other postures of the sea surface buoy, the damage of the twisting action to the cable cannot be eliminated.
Disclosure of Invention
One object of the present invention is to provide a non-contact power and signal transmission based ocean buoy system, which can freely tilt or rotate within a certain range under the influence of sea waves without bending or twisting the lower sea cable, thereby greatly prolonging the service life of the ocean buoy system and reducing the use cost.
An ocean buoy system comprises a buoy body and is characterized in that a buoy ball socket is arranged at the bottom of the buoy body, and a buoy ball head movably connected with the buoy ball socket is arranged in the buoy ball socket; the outer surface of the buoy ball head seat is wound with a spherical primary coil, a cavity is arranged in the buoy ball head, and the inner surface of the buoy ball head seat is wound with a spherical secondary coil coupled with the primary coil;
a primary circuit electrically connected with the primary coil is arranged in the buoy body; the bottom of the buoy ball head is connected with a secondary circuit cavity, a secondary circuit electrically connected with a secondary coil is arranged in the secondary circuit cavity, the secondary circuit is further electrically connected with an underwater cable, and the underwater cable is electrically connected with a plurality of sensors.
In the scheme, the cable and the buoy body are movably connected, so that the cable is prevented from being strained due to a traditional hard connection mode; meanwhile, the electromagnetic coupler adopts a spherical coil, so that the coupling coefficient is greatly improved, and the design without a magnetic core also ensures that the system transmission is more stable, the loss is less and the efficiency is higher.
Preferably, the primary coil and the secondary coil both adopt litz wires, namely polyester yarn covered wires taking polyurethane enameled wires as cores. The litz wire is formed by twisting a plurality of strands of single wires which are insulated from each other, so that the loss of high-frequency current in the wire due to skin effect and proximity effect is avoided, and the polyester wire wound outside the litz wire can play a good insulating effect.
Preferably, a counterweight is arranged on the underwater cable.
Preferably, a waterproof cover is arranged at a contact part of the buoy ball head and the buoy body.
Preferably, the primary circuit includes a signal modulation module for modulating a signal, and the secondary circuit includes a signal demodulation module for demodulating a signal.
Another objective of the present invention is to provide a voltage feedback adjustment method, in which a feedback circuit obtains a current power parameter of a secondary side through sampling and transmits the current power parameter to a controller of a primary side, and the controller changes a duty ratio of a PWM driving signal output by the controller according to a difference between the current power parameter of the secondary side and a target parameter.
Preferably, when the secondary side output voltage decreases, the primary side controller increases the duty ratio of the driving signal, so as to increase the conduction time of the power tube of the inverter, so as to increase the output voltage of the inverter circuit, and the voltage received by the electromagnetic coupler on the secondary side is synchronously increased to compensate the voltage decrease caused by the coupling condition change; when the secondary side voltage rises, the process of feedback regulation is opposite to the above; the closed loop transfer function of the system is
Wherein, UOIs output voltage, U'OFor a given voltage value, KAIs a voltage amplification factor, KVEquivalent voltage amplification factor, K, for the drive and inverterMVIs the voltage transmission coefficient, K, of the electromagnetic couplerRIs an equivalent voltage conversion coefficient of a rectifier, KαFor equivalent voltage transformation coefficients in the feedback transmission path, TαFor the delay time of the transmission of the feedback signal, TdIs the total delay time of the system, TCIs the equivalent time constant of the rectification filtering link.
Preferably, the controller generates 4-way PWM signals.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the connection between the buoy body and the cable is realized through an electromagnetic coupling structure of the ball head instead of the traditional hard connection. When the buoy swings and rotates on the sea surface due to wind waves, the ball head structure can follow a plurality of free degrees, so that the long cable below the sea surface keeps vertical and immovable, and the condition that the cable is bent, twisted and damaged is avoided.
Meanwhile, the electromagnetic coupler adopts a spherical coil, so that the coupling coefficient is greatly improved, and the design without a magnetic core also ensures that the system transmission is more stable, the loss is less and the efficiency is higher.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the construction of the buoy system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a transfer system for the buoy system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a ball-end coupling structure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the primary system and secondary system components;
FIG. 5 is a dynamic structural diagram of a non-contact power transmission voltage feedback control system;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of signal modulation and demodulation.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-3, an ocean buoy system based on non-contact electric energy and signal transmission comprises a buoy body 1, a buoy ball socket 2 is arranged at the bottom of the buoy body 1, and a buoy ball head 3 movably connected with the buoy ball socket 2 is arranged in the buoy ball socket 2; the outer surface of the buoy ball head seat 2 is wound with a spherical primary coil 4, the interior of the buoy ball head 3 is provided with a cavity, and the inner surface is wound with a spherical secondary coil 5 coupled with the primary coil 4.
In the aspect of structural strength, the difference between the bulb structure and the conventional spherical hinge structure is not large, the buoy bulb 3 is hollow inside, and compared with the conventional solid bulb, the structural strength can be influenced, but the working condition of the buoy bulb is different from that of the conventional solid bulb, the conventional solid bulb always needs to bear larger load when working, a cable connected below the hollow buoy bulb 3 in the buoy has buoyancy in seawater, and the whole load is not large. Therefore, the hollow ball head has small influence on the structural strength.
In the aspect of connecting the contact surfaces, the coil is not contacted with the ball head and the stressed part of the ball head seat, so that the contact of the contact surfaces is not influenced.
A primary circuit 6 electrically connected with the primary coil 4 is arranged in the buoy body 1; the bottom of the buoy ball head 3 is connected with a secondary circuit cavity 7, a secondary circuit 8 electrically connected with the secondary coil 5 is arranged in the secondary circuit cavity 7, the secondary circuit 8 is further electrically connected with an underwater cable 9 through a cable adapter 13, and the underwater cable 9 is electrically connected with a plurality of sensors 10.
In the buoy cavity, the system composition schematic diagram is shown in fig. 5, and the communication part loads a signal carrier onto a power carrier through a signal modulation module. And the resonance compensation of the primary side is carried out, the communication signal is transmitted to the primary coil, and the primary coil transmits the communication signal. After the secondary coil receives the electromagnetic wave transmitted by the primary coil, the signal is demodulated out through the signal demodulation module, then alternating current is converted into direct current through rectification filtering, the direct current is transmitted to the rear-stage underwater cable, and then electric energy and signals are transmitted to the undersea sensor through the underwater cable. The signal modulation and demodulation process is shown in fig. 6.
In this embodiment, the primary coil 4 and the secondary coil 5 are litz wires. The litz wire is formed by twisting a plurality of strands of single wires which are insulated from each other, so that the loss of high-frequency current in the wire due to skin effect and proximity effect is avoided, and the polyester wire wound outside the litz wire can play a good insulating effect.
In this embodiment, the underwater cable 9 is provided with a counterweight 11, and the buoy ball 3 is provided with a waterproof cover 12 at the contact part of the buoy body 1.
Because waves are generated all the time on the sea surface, relative motion exists between the buoy body 1 and the underwater cable 9 part all the time. The coupling condition between the primary coil 4 and the secondary coil 5 will also vary continuously. This variation can cause the secondary output voltage to be unstable, thereby affecting the operational stability of the electrical sensor on the secondary side. In order to keep the output voltage of the secondary side stable and meet the power supply requirements of the sensor, a closed-loop feedback control system is adopted to perform feedback regulation on the voltage.
In the voltage feedback regulation method, a schematic diagram of a feedback control system is shown in FIG. 4; the controller is used for receiving the output voltage of the secondary side, comparing the output voltage with a preset voltage, and adjusting the output PWM signal according to the difference value of the output voltage and the preset voltage to control the inverter, so that the secondary output voltage is kept stable by using a feedback system.
The dynamic structure of the control system is shown in fig. 5; the open-loop transfer function of the system can be obtained from the graph as
Wherein, KAIs a voltage amplification factor, KVFor driving the equivalent voltage amplification factor of the inverter, KMVIs the voltage transmission coefficient, K, of the electromagnetic couplerRIs an equivalent voltage conversion coefficient of a rectifier, KαFor equivalent voltage transformation coefficients in the feedback transmission path, TαFor the delay time of the transmission of the feedback signal, TdIs the total delay time of the system, TCIs the equivalent time constant of the rectifying and filtering link.
If the feedback link delays time TαIs relatively small, for analysis, when the cut-off frequency of the system is satisfied
The transfer function of the voltage feedback element can be approximated to be a first-order inertial element, i.e. a voltage feedback element
Wherein, UO3For outputting voltage feedback values, UOIs the output voltage; thus, the expression of G (S) can be approximately written as
The closed loop transfer function of the system shown in FIG. 4 is thus
Wherein, U'OFor a given voltage value.
When the system transmits electric energy, the controller generates 4 paths of PWM signals which are applied to a power tube of the inverter through the driving element, and the space ratio of the 4 paths of PWM signals is unchanged under the condition that the external connection condition is unchanged. When the buoy swings under the influence of wind waves, the coupling condition of the circuit is changed, and parameters such as voltage and power on the secondary side are also changed. At the moment, the feedback circuit obtains the current power parameter of the secondary side through sampling and transmits the current power parameter to the controller of the primary side, and at the moment, the controller changes the duty ratio of the output PWM driving signal according to the difference value between the current power parameter of the secondary side and the target parameter. When the output voltage of the secondary side is reduced, the primary side controller can increase the duty ratio of the driving signal, so that the conduction time of a power tube of the inverter is increased, the output voltage of the inverter circuit can be increased, and the voltage received by the electromagnetic coupler of the secondary side can be synchronously increased to compensate the voltage reduction caused by the change of the coupling condition. When the secondary side voltage rises, the feedback regulation process is opposite, but the final result is that the secondary side output voltage is stabilized at the set target voltage. The closed-loop feedback control of the system electric energy can be realized through the duty ratio regulation mode.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes in the embodiments and/or modifications of the invention can be made, and equivalents and modifications of some features of the invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. An ocean buoy system comprises a buoy body and is characterized in that a buoy ball socket is arranged at the bottom of the buoy body, and a buoy ball head movably connected with the buoy ball socket is arranged in the buoy ball socket; the outer surface of the buoy ball head seat is wound with a spherical primary coil, a cavity is arranged in the buoy ball head, and the inner surface of the buoy ball head seat is wound with a spherical secondary coil coupled with the primary coil;
a primary circuit electrically connected with the primary coil is arranged in the buoy body; the bottom of the buoy ball head is connected with a secondary circuit cavity, a secondary circuit electrically connected with a secondary coil is arranged in the secondary circuit cavity, the secondary circuit is further electrically connected with an underwater cable, and the underwater cable is electrically connected with a plurality of sensors.
2. The marine buoy system of claim 1, wherein: the primary coil and the secondary coil both adopt litz wires.
3. The marine buoy system of claim 1, wherein: and a balancing weight is arranged on the underwater cable.
4. The marine buoy system of claim 1, wherein: and a waterproof cover is arranged at the contact part of the buoy ball head and the buoy body.
5. The marine buoy system of claim 1, wherein: the primary circuit includes a signal modulation module that modulates a signal, and the secondary circuit includes a signal demodulation module that demodulates a signal.
6. A voltage feedback regulation method is characterized in that: the feedback circuit obtains the current power parameter of the secondary side through sampling and transmits the current power parameter to the controller of the primary side, and at the moment, the controller changes the duty ratio of the PWM driving signal output by the controller according to the difference value between the current power parameter of the secondary side and the target parameter, so that the secondary output voltage is kept stable.
7. The voltage feedback regulation method of claim 6, wherein: when the output voltage of the secondary side is reduced, the primary side controller can increase the duty ratio of the driving signal, so that the conduction time of a power tube of the inverter is increased, the output voltage of the inverter circuit is increased, and the voltage received by the secondary side through the electromagnetic coupler is synchronously increased to compensate the voltage reduction caused by the change of the coupling condition; when the secondary side voltage rises, the process of feedback regulation is opposite to the above; the closed loop transfer function of the system is
Wherein, UOIs output voltage, U'OFor a given voltage value, KAIs a voltage amplification factor, KVEquivalent voltage amplification factor, K, for the drive and inverterMVIs the voltage transmission coefficient, K, of the electromagnetic couplerRIs an equivalent voltage conversion coefficient of a rectifier, KαFor equivalent voltage transformation coefficients in the feedback transmission path, TαFor the delay time of the transmission of the feedback signal, TdIs the total delay time of the system, TCIs the equivalent time constant of the rectifying and filtering link.
8. The voltage feedback regulation method of claim 6, wherein: the controller generates a 4-way PWM signal.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111086711.1A CN114179967A (en) | 2021-09-16 | 2021-09-16 | Ocean buoy system and voltage feedback adjustment method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111086711.1A CN114179967A (en) | 2021-09-16 | 2021-09-16 | Ocean buoy system and voltage feedback adjustment method |
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