CN114179227B - Tailing grading and reorganizing slurry reconstruction cemented filling equipment and technology thereof - Google Patents
Tailing grading and reorganizing slurry reconstruction cemented filling equipment and technology thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114179227B CN114179227B CN202111446111.1A CN202111446111A CN114179227B CN 114179227 B CN114179227 B CN 114179227B CN 202111446111 A CN202111446111 A CN 202111446111A CN 114179227 B CN114179227 B CN 114179227B
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- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 164
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003311 flocculating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28C9/00—General arrangement or layout of plant
- B28C9/02—General arrangement or layout of plant for producing mixtures of clay or cement with other materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
- B28C5/003—Methods for mixing
- B28C5/006—Methods for mixing involving mechanical aspects
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28C7/00—Controlling the operation of apparatus for producing mixtures of clay or cement with other substances; Supplying or proportioning the ingredients for mixing clay or cement with other substances; Discharging the mixture
- B28C7/0007—Pretreatment of the ingredients, e.g. by heating, sorting, grading, drying, disintegrating; Preventing generation of dust
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28C7/00—Controlling the operation of apparatus for producing mixtures of clay or cement with other substances; Supplying or proportioning the ingredients for mixing clay or cement with other substances; Discharging the mixture
- B28C7/04—Supplying or proportioning the ingredients
- B28C7/0404—Proportioning
- B28C7/0418—Proportioning control systems therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28C7/00—Controlling the operation of apparatus for producing mixtures of clay or cement with other substances; Supplying or proportioning the ingredients for mixing clay or cement with other substances; Discharging the mixture
- B28C7/04—Supplying or proportioning the ingredients
- B28C7/0422—Weighing predetermined amounts of ingredients, e.g. for consecutive delivery
- B28C7/0431—Weighing predetermined amounts of ingredients, e.g. for consecutive delivery using a weighing belt or the like
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28C7/00—Controlling the operation of apparatus for producing mixtures of clay or cement with other substances; Supplying or proportioning the ingredients for mixing clay or cement with other substances; Discharging the mixture
- B28C7/04—Supplying or proportioning the ingredients
- B28C7/06—Supplying the solid ingredients, e.g. by means of endless conveyors or jigging conveyors
- B28C7/067—Supplying the solid ingredients, e.g. by means of endless conveyors or jigging conveyors by means of stationary hoppers, chambers or bins from which the material is fed gravitationally, e.g. having agitating means therein
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28C7/00—Controlling the operation of apparatus for producing mixtures of clay or cement with other substances; Supplying or proportioning the ingredients for mixing clay or cement with other substances; Discharging the mixture
- B28C7/04—Supplying or proportioning the ingredients
- B28C7/12—Supplying or proportioning liquid ingredients
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28C7/00—Controlling the operation of apparatus for producing mixtures of clay or cement with other substances; Supplying or proportioning the ingredients for mixing clay or cement with other substances; Discharging the mixture
- B28C7/04—Supplying or proportioning the ingredients
- B28C7/12—Supplying or proportioning liquid ingredients
- B28C7/126—Supply means, e.g. nozzles
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
Abstract
The invention discloses a tailing grading, reorganizing and slurry reconstructing cemented filling device and a process thereof, wherein the device comprises a tailing grading device, a coarse tailing slurry dehydration device and a fine tailing slurry dense metering and feeding device; the fine tail mortar thickening metering feeding device comprises a deep cone thickener; the tailing discharging end of the coarse tailing slurry dehydration device is connected with a dry sand metering and feeding device, and the dehydration overflow end of the coarse tailing slurry dehydration device is connected with a deep cone thickener; the underflow concentration metering and feeding device, the concentrate adjusting water adding device, the dry sand metering and feeding device and the cement metering and feeding device are connected with the filling slurry preparation and conveying device and the automatic control device, so that the accurate regulation and control of the multi-component discharging of the filling slurry are realized. Through the mode, the method carries out multiple grading treatment on the whole tailings, realizes dynamic metering blanking of each preparation composition of the filling slurry, accurately regulates and controls the concentration of the tailing filling slurry, and realizes zero emission of the tailings of a factory.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mine filling, in particular to tailing grading, reorganizing and slurry reconstruction cementing filling equipment and a process thereof.
Background
With the importance of the national importance of the safety and the environmental protection of the mine tailing pond, the storage capacity of the old tailing pond is continuously reduced, and a new tailing pond cannot be newly built, so that the development of industrial and mining enterprises in China is greatly influenced. Therefore, the full-tailing filling process capable of realizing zero emission of tailings is increasingly favored by mine enterprises, and the core of the full-tailing filling is the concentration of the tailings. Currently, the mainstream tailing thickening technology has the following several techniques: a deep cone thickening process, a tailing filter pressing process and a vertical sand silo thickening process.
These several processes all suffer from various drawbacks. Specifically, a deep cone thickening process is adopted, so that the bottom flow fluctuation of a deep cone thickener is large, and the concentration of filling slurry is influenced; moreover, when the deep cone thickener is used for treating the whole tailings with thicker grain size, the harrow is easy to press, and the influence on mine production is large. By adopting the tailing filter pressing process, when the content of fine particle tailings is more during the filter pressing of the tailings, the viscosity of a tailing filter cake is higher, and the tailings are easy to arch in a proportioning bin during the feeding of the tailings, so that the unloading of the tailings is not smooth. Meanwhile, in a filling slurry preparation and conveying system, because the sticky high-tailing agglomerates of the tailing filter cakes are not easy to stir and homogenize, the slurry preparation quality is poor, and the filling quality is further affected. By adopting the vertical sand silo thickening process, the overflow water of the sand silo has the concentration of at least 0.5%, the sand silo cannot be recycled in a factory, the full-tailing filling in the true sense cannot be realized, the natural sedimentation concentration and slurry making time of the tailing are long, and the continuous filling of a filling station can be realized only by simultaneously matching a plurality of vertical sand silos.
The prior art provides a low-density high-strength full-tailing slurry filling system which comprises a tailing concentrating device, a cement adding device, a thickening water adding device, a slurry preparation device and a pipeline conveying device. The tailing concentrating device, the cement adding device and the thickening water adding device are respectively connected with the slurry preparation device, and the bottom of the slurry preparation device is connected with the pipeline conveying device. The filling system is also provided with a modified low-density adding device and a modified enhanced adding and uniformly mixing device. The modification, enhancement, addition and mixing device is arranged at the outlet end of the pipeline conveying device. This technique achieves the objective of low density and increased resistance delivery of the filler slurry and defoaming and enhanced filling. However, the technology directly guides the tailing slurry of the mill into the thickener, the grading treatment is not carried out, the underflow fluctuation of the thickener greatly influences the concentration of the subsequent filling slurry, and the conditions of pressing harrow, arching and the like are easy to generate.
Therefore, it is necessary to design a tailings grading, reorganizing and slurry-reconstructing cemented filling device which has simple structure, good filling slurry preparation effect, low production cost and realization of zero emission of full tailings, and is not easy to generate harrow pressing and arching.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems, the invention provides a tailing grading and reorganizing slurry cementing filling device and a technology thereof, wherein the whole tailing slurry is graded, and graded low-concentration tailing slurry and high-concentration tailing slurry are respectively metered and fed after being graded for the second time, so that dynamic metering and blanking of each preparation composition of filling slurry is realized, the concentration of the tailing filling slurry is accurately regulated and controlled, and zero emission of factory tailing is realized.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the tailings classifying, reorganizing and slurry-regenerating cemented filling equipment comprises a tailings classifying device, a coarse tailings dehydrating device and a fine tailings thickening metering and feeding device, wherein the tailings classifying device is used for receiving low-concentration tailings of a factory, the coarse tailings dehydrating device is connected with an underflow pipeline of the tailings classifying device, and the fine tailings thickening metering and feeding device is connected with an overflow pipeline of the tailings classifying device;
the fine tail mortar thickening metering and feeding device comprises a fine tail mortar thickening device, an underflow concentration metering and feeding device connected with an underflow pipeline of the fine tail mortar thickening device, and a thickening water adding device connected with an overflow pipeline of the fine tail mortar thickening device; the fine tail mortar thickening device comprises a deep cone thickener and a flocculant dosing machine connected with the deep cone thickener;
the tailing discharging end of the coarse tailing slurry dehydration device is connected with a dry sand metering and feeding device, and the dehydration overflow end of the coarse tailing slurry dehydration device is connected with the deep cone thickener;
the underflow concentration metering and feeding device, the concentrate adjusting water adding device, the dry sand metering and feeding device and the cement metering and feeding device are connected with the filling slurry preparation and conveying device and the automatic control device so as to realize accurate regulation and control of the blanking of the filling slurry preparation composition.
Further, the tailing classifying device comprises a classifying slurry pump for pumping low-concentration tailing slurry of a factory, and tailing classifying equipment connected with the output end of the classifying slurry pump; the tailing classifying equipment is a spiral classifier, a hydrocyclone or a pyramid pool.
Further, the thickener is connected with an overflow output end of the tailing classifying device, the underflow concentration measuring and feeding device comprises an underflow slurry pump connected with an underflow output end of the thickener, the underflow slurry pump is connected with the filling slurry preparation and conveying device through a matched pipeline of the underflow concentration measuring and feeding device, a concentration meter, an electric gate valve and a fine tailing slurry flowmeter are arranged on the matched pipeline of the underflow concentration measuring and feeding device, and the concentration meter, the electric gate valve and the fine tailing slurry flowmeter are all in signal connection with the automatic control device.
Further, the concentration adjusting water adding device is connected with the overflow output end of the deep cone thickener to receive overflow with solid content less than 300ppm in the deep cone thickener;
the thick water adding device comprises a overflow water pool connected with the overflow output end of the deep cone thickener and a water pump for pumping liquid in the overflow water pool, wherein the water pump is connected with the filling slurry preparation and conveying device through a thick water adjusting matched pipeline, a thick water adjusting matched valve and a water flow meter are arranged on the thick water adjusting matched pipeline, and the thick water adjusting matched valve and the water flow meter are in signal connection with the automatic control device.
Further, the coarse tailing slurry dehydration device comprises dehydration equipment connected with the underflow output end of the tailing classification equipment and a tailing storage yard for storing coarse tailings produced by the dehydration equipment, and the overflow output end of the dehydration equipment is connected with the deep cone thickener.
Further, the dry sand metering and feeding device comprises a scraper for conveying coarse tailings in the tailings storage yard, a proportioning bin for accommodating the coarse tailings conveyed by the scraper, a belt scale arranged at a discharge opening of the proportioning bin, coarse sand conveying equipment for conveying coarse tailings weighed by the belt scale, and a collecting hopper arranged at the tail end of the coarse sand conveying equipment; the output end of the collecting hopper is connected with the filling slurry preparation and conveying device, and the belt scale and the coarse sand conveying equipment are connected with the automatic control device through signals.
Further, the cement metering and feeding device comprises a cement bin, a steady flow feeder connected with a discharge hole of the cement bin and cement metering equipment connected with an output end of the steady flow feeder, wherein the output end of the cement metering equipment is connected with the filling slurry preparation and conveying device, and the steady flow feeder and the cement metering equipment are in signal connection with the automatic control device.
Further, the filling slurry preparation and conveying device comprises a first-stage stirring device, a second-stage stirring device connected with the output end of the first-stage stirring device, and a filling slurry conveying device connected with the output end of the second-stage stirring device.
Further, the automatic control device comprises a control console and PLC control equipment, wherein the PLC control equipment presets standard parameters, and the standard parameters comprise coarse sand moisture content, tailing coarse-fine ratio, sand-lime ratio, fine mortar flow and filling slurry concentration.
The tailing grading and recombining reconstituted slurry cemented filling process adopts the tailing grading and recombining reconstituted slurry cemented filling equipment and comprises the following steps:
s1, pumping low-concentration tail sand slurry generated by a factory selection to tail sand classification equipment through a classification slurry pump;
s2, conveying low-concentration graded fine tailing slurry overflow generated by grading to a deep cone thickener, and conveying high-concentration graded coarse tailing slurry underflow generated by grading to dehydration equipment;
s3, conveying overflow after dehydration of the coarse tailings treated by the dehydration equipment to a deep cone thickener, and conveying the dehydrated coarse tailings to a tailings storage yard;
s4, adding a flocculating agent into the deep cone thickener through a flocculating agent dosing machine, and beginning flocculating settling of fine tail mortar;
s5, conveying overflow discharged by the settled deep cone thickener to an overflow backwater pool, and conveying the overflow to a section of stirring equipment through a water pump and concentrate adjusting water matching pipeline; meanwhile, the water flow meter monitors the flow in real time and feeds the flow back to the PLC control equipment;
s6, conveying the bottom flow of the deep cone thickener to a section of stirring equipment through a bottom flow slurry pump and a fine tail slurry thickening matched pipeline; meanwhile, the concentration meter and the fine tail mortar flow meter monitor the concentration and flow of the fine tail mortar and feed back to the PLC control equipment;
s7, conveying coarse tailings stored in a tailings storage yard into a proportioning bin through a scraper, discharging the coarse tailings from the proportioning bin to a belt scale, conveying the coarse tailings weighed by the belt scale to a collecting hopper through coarse sand conveying equipment, and discharging the coarse tailings to a section of stirring equipment through the collecting hopper; meanwhile, the belt scale feeds weighing data back to the PLC control equipment;
s8, conveying the cement in the cement bin to a section of stirring equipment through a steady flow feeder, and simultaneously monitoring the cement discharging amount by a cement metering device and feeding back to a PLC (programmable logic controller) control device;
s9, unloading the filling slurry stirred by the first-stage stirring equipment to the second-stage stirring equipment for secondary stirring, and controlling the real-time working state of each component system by the PLC control equipment according to the received data and the concentration of the filling slurry;
and S10, conveying the filling slurry stirred by the two-stage stirring equipment to an underground filling goaf.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention relates to tailing grading recombination reconstituted slurry cemented filling equipment, which is characterized in that fine tailing slurry after grading treatment of full tailing slurry is input into a deep cone thickener for thickening, and coarse tailing slurry is input into a dehydration device for dehydration; and the dense fine tailing slurry and the dehydrated coarse tailing slurry are respectively metered and fed, so that the dynamic metering and discharging of each preparation composition of the filling slurry is realized, and the concentration of the tailing filling slurry is accurately regulated and controlled.
2. According to the tailings grading, reorganizing and slurry-reconstructing cemented filling equipment, through grading treatment of the whole tailings, only the graded fine tailings are conveyed to the thickening equipment for efficient thickening treatment, and the phenomenon of harrowing caused by thicker thickened tailings is effectively avoided; in addition, the unit treatment capacity of the thickening equipment is required to be low by the thickening mode, so that the equivalent tailings generated by a mine factory are treated, the size of the required thickening equipment is greatly reduced, and the investment cost of the thickening equipment can be effectively reduced.
3. According to the tailings grading, reorganizing and slurry-rebuilding cemented filling equipment, the whole tailings are graded, and most of finer tailings are removed from graded coarse tailings, so that coarse tailings are simple to dewater and high in dewatering efficiency. Meanwhile, as the content of fine particles in the coarse tailings is low, the dehydrated coarse tailings filter cake has low water content, low viscosity and high looseness, the tailings are not easy to arch in a sand bin during batching, and are not easy to agglomerate during stirring, and the problems of difficult discharging and stirring of dehydrated dry sand can be effectively solved.
4. When the tailing graded recombined slurry cementing filling equipment is used for preparing filling slurry, dense fine tailing slurry with the mass concentration of 30% -50% and coarse tailing filter cakes with low water content are recombined, so that complementation of high and low concentrations of dry materials and wet materials is realized, the concentration adjusting range of the filling slurry during preparation is enlarged, the influence of fluctuation of underflow concentration of the thickening equipment on the preparation concentration of the filling slurry is effectively reduced, and stable structure flow filling is realized.
5. According to the tailing grading, reorganizing and slurry-reconstructing cemented filling equipment, coarse tailings after grading, shunting and dewatering are piled in a tailing yard, and when the coarse tailings are used for filling, the coarse tailings can be sold to a certain extent according to the filling demand and the demand of a sand aggregate market, so that tail-free emission of a mine is realized, and social, economic and ecological benefits are created for the mine.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a tailings classifying, reorganizing and slurry-rebuilding cemented filling apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of the tailings staged restructuring slurry cemented filling process of the present invention;
the components in the drawings are marked as follows: 10. a tailing classifying device; 11. a classification slurry pump; 12. tail sand classifying equipment; 20. a coarse tail mortar dewatering device; 21. a dewatering device; 22. a tailings storage yard; 30. a fine tail mortar thickening device; 31. deep cone thickener; 32. a flocculant adding machine; 40. a dry sand metering and feeding device; 41. a scraper; 42. a proportioning bin; 43. a belt scale; 44. coarse sand conveying equipment; 45. a material collecting hopper; 50. a cement metering and feeding device; 51. a cement bin; 52. steady flow feeder; 53. a cement metering device; 60. a dense water adding device; 61. the overflow flows back to the water tank; 62. a water pump; 63. a water flow meter; 64. a valve matched with the dense water; 70. a filling slurry preparation and conveying device; 71. a first-stage stirring device; 72. a two-stage stirring device; 73. a filler slurry conveying device; 80. an automatic control device; 81. a console; 82. a PLC control device; 90. an underflow concentration metering and feeding device; 91. a bottom flow slurry pump; 92. a concentration meter; 93. a fine tail mortar flow meter; 94. an electric gate valve.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
It should be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention due to unnecessary details, only structures and/or processing steps closely related to aspects of the present invention are shown in the drawings, and other details not greatly related to the present invention are omitted.
In addition, it should be further noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a tailings classifying and reorganizing slurry cementing filling apparatus 100 includes a tailings classifying device 10 for receiving low concentration tailings of a mill, a coarse tailings dewatering device 20 connected to an underflow pipe of the tailings classifying device 10, and a fine tailings thickening metering feeder connected to an overflow pipe of the tailings classifying device 10. The tailing classifier 10 classifies the whole tailing slurry to obtain a low-concentration classified fine tailing slurry and a high-concentration classified coarse tailing slurry. The tailings classifying device 10 comprises a classifying slurry pump 11 for pumping low-concentration tailings of a mill, and a tailings classifying equipment 12 connected with the output end of the classifying slurry pump 11. The tailings classifying device 12 is a classifying treatment device such as a spiral classifier, a hydrocyclone or a pyramid.
As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments, the fine tailings slurry concentration dosing device includes a fine tailings slurry concentration device 30, an underflow concentration dosing device 90 connected to an underflow pipe of the fine tailings slurry concentration device 30, and a concentrate water addition device 60 connected to an overflow pipe of the fine tailings slurry concentration device 30. The fine tail slurry thickener 30 includes a deep cone thickener 31, and a flocculant feeder 32 connected to the deep cone thickener 31. The deep cone thickener 31 is connected with the overflow output end of the tailing classifying device 12 and is connected with the flocculant dosing machine 32, so that fine tailing slurry is flocculated and settled by the deep cone thickener 31, further thickening treatment is carried out on the fine tailing slurry, and the reliability of the subsequent process is improved.
The tailing discharge end of the coarse tailing slurry dewatering device 20 is connected with a dry sand metering and feeding device 40, and the dewatering overflow end is connected with a deep cone thickener 31 so as to further carry out graded dewatering treatment on the coarse tailing slurry and carry out flocculation sedimentation dewatering treatment on overflow generated by graded dewatering of the coarse sand.
In this way, the whole tailing slurry is classified, and only the classified fine tailings are conveyed to the deep cone thickener 31 for efficient thickening, so that the phenomenon of harrowing caused by thicker dense tailings is effectively avoided. In addition, the unit treatment capacity requirement of the deep cone thickener 31 is low by the thickening mode, so that the equivalent tailings generated by a mine factory are treated, the size of the required deep cone thickener 31 is greatly reduced, and the construction investment cost of the deep cone thickener 31 can be effectively reduced.
As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments, the underflow concentration dosing device 90 includes an underflow slurry pump 91 connected to the underflow output of the deep cone thickener 31, the underflow slurry pump 91 being connected to the filling slurry preparation and delivery device 70 through a mating conduit of the underflow concentration dosing device 90 to pump fine tailings slurry produced by the deep cone thickener 31 to the filling slurry preparation and delivery device 70. The matched pipeline of the underflow concentration metering and feeding device 90 is provided with a concentration meter 92, an electric gate valve 94 and a fine tail mortar flowmeter 93. The concentration meter 92, the electric gate valve 94 and the fine tail slurry flow meter 93 are all connected with the automatic control device 80 by signals. The concentration meter 92 and the fine tail slurry flow meter 93 monitor the fine tail slurry concentration and flow rate, and feed back to the automatic control device 80. Meanwhile, after integrating the concentration and flow of the fine tail mortar with other received data, the automatic control device 80 transmits a control signal to the electric gate valve 94 so as to regulate and control the addition amount of the fine tail mortar, thereby realizing dynamic metering and discharging.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, a concentrate adding device 60 is connected to the overflow output of the deep cone thickener 31 to receive an overflow having a solids content of less than 300ppm in the deep cone thickener 31 to adjust the slurry concentration after the overflow is input to the filling slurry preparation and delivery device 70.
Specifically, the concentrate adding device 60 includes an overflow water return tank 61 connected to the overflow output of the deep cone thickener 31, and a water pump 62 for pumping the liquid in the overflow water return tank 61. The water pump 62 is connected to the slurry preparation and delivery device 70 via a concentrate line. The concentrated water adjusting matched pipeline is provided with a concentrated water adjusting matched valve 64 and a water flow meter 63, and the concentrated water adjusting matched valve 64 and the water flow meter 63 are connected with an automatic control device 80 in a signal mode. The water flow meter 63 monitors the amount of the added concentrate in real time and feeds the amount to the automatic control device 80. Meanwhile, after integrating the water quantity of the concentrate with other received data, the automatic control device 80 transmits a control signal to the concentrate matching valve 64 so as to regulate the adding quantity of the concentrate and realize dynamic metering and discharging.
As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments, the coarse tailings slurry dewatering apparatus 20 includes a dewatering apparatus 21 coupled to the underflow output of the tailings classifying apparatus 12, and a tailings storage yard 22 for storing coarse tailings produced by the dewatering apparatus 21. The overflow output end of the dewatering equipment 21 is connected with the deep cone thickener 31 so as to pour the fine mortar generated after the coarse tailings are dewatered into the deep cone thickener 31 again, thereby ensuring zero emission in the production process. Dewatering equipment 21 includes, but is not limited to, high frequency shakers, ceramic filters, and plate and frame filter presses. Particularly, the coarse tailings after classification are dehydrated simply and with high dehydration efficiency due to the fact that most of finer tailings are removed. Meanwhile, as the content of fine particles in the coarse tailings is low, the dehydrated coarse tailings filter cake has low water content, low viscosity and high looseness, the tailings are not easy to arch in a sand bin during batching, and are not easy to agglomerate during stirring, and the problems of difficult discharging and stirring of dehydrated dry sand can be effectively solved.
As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments, the dry sand dosing device 40 includes a scraper 41 for transporting the coarse tailings of the tailings yard 22, a proportioning bin 42 for receiving the coarse tailings transported by the scraper 41, a belt scale 43 provided at a discharge opening of the proportioning bin 42, a coarse sand transporting apparatus 44 for transporting the coarse tailings weighed by the belt scale 43, and a collection hopper 45 provided at a tail end of the coarse sand transporting apparatus 44. An arch breaking screw is arranged in the proportioning bin 42 to prevent dry sand from arching. The output end of the collection hopper 45 is connected to a filler slurry preparation and conveying device 70. The belt scale 43 and the coarse sand conveying device 44 are both in signal connection with an automatic control device 80. The grit conveyor 44 includes, but is not limited to, a belt, a bucket elevator, a scraper conveyor. The belt scale 43 monitors the amount of dry sand added in real time and feeds it back to the automatic control device 80. Meanwhile, the automatic control device 80 integrates the addition amount of the dry sand with other received data, and then transmits a control signal to the coarse sand conveying equipment 44 so as to regulate and control the addition amount of the dry sand, thereby realizing dynamic metering blanking.
As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments, the cement dosing device 50 includes a cement silo 51, a steady flow feeder 52 connected to a discharge port of the cement silo 51, and a cement dosing apparatus 53 flexibly connected to an output end of the steady flow feeder 52. Cement metering equipment 53 includes, but is not limited to, a micro-scale, screw scale. The output end of the cement metering device 53 is flexibly connected with the filling slurry preparation and conveying device 70, and the steady flow feeder 52 and the cement metering device 53 are both in signal connection with the automatic control device 80. The cement metering device 53 monitors the amount of cement added in real time and feeds it back to the automatic control device 80. Meanwhile, the automatic control device 80 integrates the addition amount of the cement with other received data, and then transmits a control signal to the steady flow feeder 52 so as to regulate and control the addition amount of the cement and realize dynamic metering and discharging.
As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments, the filler slurry preparing and transporting device 70 includes a primary stirring apparatus 71, a secondary stirring apparatus 72 connected to an output end of the primary stirring apparatus 71, and a filler slurry transporting device 73 connected to an output end of the secondary stirring apparatus 72. In particular, the one-stage stirring apparatus 71 includes, but is not limited to, a twin horizontal axis paddle stirrer, a high concentration stirring tank. The two-stage stirring device 72 includes, but is not limited to, a twin horizontal shaft screw stirrer, a high-consistency stirrer barrel, and a high-speed activation stirrer.
So arranged, the cement, the graded coarse tailings, the underflow of the deep cone thickener 31 and the thickening agent obtained by the above process are respectively injected into the first-stage stirring equipment 71 in a dynamic metering mode of the respective systems, and are stirred by the first-stage stirring equipment 71 and then injected into the second-stage stirring equipment 72. Subsequently, the tailings, which are prepared into high concentration by two-stage continuous stirring, are pumped or automatically flowed into the downhole filling goaf by the filling slurry conveying device 73.
When the goaf does not have the self-flowing filling condition, the filling slurry transporting device 73 is a filling industrial pump or a drag pump. When the goaf has a self-flowing filling condition, the filling slurry conveying device 73 is a filling drill discharging hopper.
As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments, the automatic control device 80 includes a console 81 and a PLC control device 82, where the PLC control device 82 presets standard parameters including coarse sand moisture content, tailing coarse-fine ratio, sand-lime ratio, fine mortar flow rate, and filling slurry concentration.
Specifically, the PLC control device 82 receives various types of data detected in real time by the concentration meter 92, the fine tail mortar flow meter 93, the cement metering device 53, the water flow meter 63, and the belt scale 43. When the primary stirring device 71 is operated, the PLC control device 82 is set to have a coarse sand water content of 10% and a coarse-fine ratio of 1: 1. the mortar ratio is 1:4, the flow rate of the fine mortar, the concentration of the filling slurry and other parameters. The PLC control device 82 calculates specific values of the coarse sand feeding amount, the concentrate adjusting water feeding amount, and the cement feeding amount in combination with the fine mortar concentration measured by the concentration meter 92. Meanwhile, the running states of the bottom flow slurry pump 91, the steady flow feeder 52, the cement metering device 53, the concentrate adjusting water matching valve 64, the belt scale 43, the coarse sand conveying device 44 and the collecting hopper 45 are controlled through the PLC control device 82, so that dynamic blanking to the one-stage stirring device 71 is realized. When the calculated concentrate amount is greater than 0, the PLC control device 82 receives the monitoring data of the water flowmeter 63 and feeds back to the concentrate adjusting water matching valve 64, so that the concentrate adjusting water amount is increased, and the filling slurry concentration is reduced. When the calculated concentration adjusting water quantity is smaller than 0, the concentration of the bottom flow of the deep cone thickener 31 is too low, the filling concentration cannot be adjusted through the concentration adjusting water, a reasonable thickness ratio is calculated through the parameter of the bottom flow concentration and the test result of the filling material, meanwhile, the thickness ratio is improved through the PLC control equipment 82, the ash-sand ratio is reduced, and the filling slurry concentration is further improved. The PLC control device 82 feeds back the adjustment information to the belt balance 43, the steady flow feeder 52, the cement metering device 53, and the concentrate adjustment water matching valve 64, thereby realizing control of the coarse sand addition amount, the concentrate adjustment water amount, and the cement addition amount, and using the fine tail mortar as the liquid for adjusting the concentration, and realizing the structured flow filling.
As shown in fig. 2, the tailing grading and restructuring slurry cemented filling process adopts tailing grading and restructuring slurry cemented filling equipment, and comprises the following steps:
s1, pumping low-concentration tail sand slurry generated by a factory to tail sand classification equipment 12 through a classification slurry pump 11;
s2, conveying the classified fine tail mortar overflow with low concentration generated by classification to a deep cone thickener 31, and conveying the classified coarse tail mortar underflow with high concentration generated by classification to a dehydration device 21;
s3, dehydrating the coarse tailings treated by the dehydration equipment 21, then overflowing the dehydrated coarse tailings to a deep cone thickener 31, and conveying the dehydrated coarse tailings to a tailings storage yard 22;
s4, adding a flocculating agent into the deep cone thickener 31 through the flocculating agent adding machine 32, and beginning flocculating settling of fine tail mortar;
s5, conveying overflow discharged by the settled deep cone thickener 31 to an overflow backwater pool 61, and conveying the overflow to a first-stage stirring device 71 through a water pump 62 and a concentrate adjusting water matching pipeline; meanwhile, the water flowmeter 63 monitors the flow in real time and feeds back to the PLC control device 82;
s6, conveying the bottom flow of the deep cone thickener 31 to a section of stirring equipment 71 through a bottom flow slurry pump 91 and a fine tail slurry concentration matched pipeline; meanwhile, the concentration meter 92 and the fine tail slurry flow meter 93 monitor the concentration and flow of the fine tail slurry and feed back to the PLC control device 82;
s7, conveying coarse tailings stored in the tailings storage yard 22 into a proportioning bin 42 through a scraper 41, discharging the coarse tailings from the proportioning bin 42 to a belt scale 43, conveying the coarse tailings weighed by the belt scale 43 to a collecting hopper 45 through a coarse sand conveying device 44, and conveying the coarse tailings to a first-stage stirring device 71 through the collecting hopper 45; meanwhile, the belt scale 43 feeds back the weighing data to the PLC control device 82;
s8, conveying the cement in the cement bin 51 to a section of stirring equipment 71 through the steady flow feeder 52, and simultaneously monitoring the cement blanking amount by the cement metering equipment 53 and feeding back to the PLC control equipment 82;
s9, unloading the filling slurry stirred by the first-stage stirring equipment 71 to the second-stage stirring equipment 72 for secondary stirring, and controlling the real-time working state of each component system by the PLC control equipment 82 according to each received data and the concentration of the filling slurry;
and S10, conveying the filling slurry stirred by the two-stage stirring equipment 72 to a downhole filling goaf.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting thereof; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced with equivalents; all equivalent structures or equivalent flow changes made by the specification and the attached drawings of the invention or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields are included in the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. The tailing grading, reorganizing and slurry rebuilding cemented filling process is characterized by adopting tailing grading, reorganizing and slurry rebuilding cemented filling equipment, wherein the tailing grading, reorganizing and slurry rebuilding cemented filling equipment comprises a tailing grading device (10) for receiving low-concentration tailing slurry of a factory, a coarse tailing slurry dehydration device (20) connected with an underflow pipeline of the tailing grading device (10), and a fine tailing slurry dense metering and feeding device connected with an overflow pipeline of the tailing grading device (10);
the fine tail mortar thickening metering and feeding device comprises a fine tail mortar thickening device (30), an underflow concentration metering and feeding device (90) connected with an underflow pipeline of the fine tail mortar thickening device (30), and a thickening water adding device (60) connected with an overflow pipeline of the fine tail mortar thickening device (30); the fine tail mortar thickening device (30) comprises a deep cone thickener (31) and a flocculant dosing machine (32) connected with the deep cone thickener (31);
the tailing classifying device (10) comprises a classifying slurry pump (11) for pumping low-concentration tailing slurry of a factory, and tailing classifying equipment (12) connected with the output end of the classifying slurry pump (11); the tailing classifying equipment (12) is a spiral classifier, a hydrocyclone or a pyramid pool;
the tailing discharging end of the coarse tailing slurry dehydration device (20) is connected with a dry sand metering and feeding device (40), and the dehydration overflow end of the coarse tailing slurry dehydration device is connected with the deep cone thickener (31); the coarse tailing slurry dehydration device (20) comprises a dehydration device (21) connected with the underflow output end of the tailing classification device (12) and a tailing storage yard (22) for storing coarse tailings produced by the dehydration device (21), and the overflow output end of the dehydration device (21) is connected with the deep cone thickener (31);
the underflow concentration metering and feeding device (90), the concentrate adjusting water adding device (60), the dry sand metering and feeding device (40) and the cement metering and feeding device (50) are connected with the filling slurry preparation and conveying device (70) and the automatic control device (80) so as to realize accurate regulation and control of the filling slurry preparation and composition blanking;
the filling slurry preparation and conveying device (70) comprises a first-stage stirring device (71), a second-stage stirring device (72) connected with the output end of the first-stage stirring device (71), and a filling slurry conveying device (73) connected with the output end of the second-stage stirring device (72);
the concentration adjusting water adding device (60) is connected with the overflow output end of the deep cone thickener (31) so as to receive overflow with solid content less than 300ppm in the deep cone thickener (31); the concentration-adjusting water adding device (60) comprises an overflow backwater pool (61) connected with the overflow output end of the deep cone thickener (31) and a water pump (62) for pumping liquid in the overflow backwater pool (61), the water pump (62) is connected with the conveying device (70) through a concentration-adjusting water matching pipeline and filling slurry preparation, a concentration-adjusting water matching valve (64) and a water flow meter (63) are arranged on the concentration-adjusting water matching pipeline, and the concentration-adjusting water matching valve (64) and the water flow meter (63) are in signal connection with the automatic control device (80);
the deep cone thickener (31) is connected with an overflow output end of the tailing classifying equipment (12), the underflow concentration measuring and feeding device (90) comprises an underflow slurry pump (91) connected with the underflow output end of the deep cone thickener (31), the underflow slurry pump (91) is connected with the conveying device (70) through a matched pipeline of the underflow concentration measuring and feeding device (90) and the filling slurry preparation, a concentration meter (92), an electric gate valve (94) and a fine tailing slurry flowmeter (93) are arranged on the matched pipeline of the underflow concentration measuring and feeding device (90), and the concentration meter (92), the electric gate valve (94) and the fine tailing slurry flowmeter (93) are all in signal connection with the automatic control device (80);
the dry sand metering and feeding device (40) comprises a scraper (41) for conveying coarse tailings in the tailings storage yard (22), a proportioning bin (42) for containing the coarse tailings conveyed by the scraper (41), a belt scale (43) arranged at a discharge opening of the proportioning bin (42), coarse sand conveying equipment (44) for conveying coarse tailings weighed by the belt scale (43), and a collecting hopper (45) arranged at the tail end of the coarse sand conveying equipment (44); the output end of the collecting hopper (45) is connected with the filling slurry preparation and conveying device (70), and the belt scale (43) and the coarse sand conveying equipment (44) are both in signal connection with the automatic control device (80);
the cement metering and feeding device (50) comprises a cement bin (51), a steady flow feeder (52) connected with a discharge hole of the cement bin (51) and cement metering equipment (53) connected with an output end of the steady flow feeder (52), wherein the output end of the cement metering equipment (53) is connected with the filling slurry preparation and conveying device (70), and the steady flow feeder (52) and the cement metering equipment (53) are both in signal connection with the automatic control device (80);
the automatic control device (80) comprises a control console (81) and PLC control equipment (82), wherein the PLC control equipment (82) presets standard parameters, and the standard parameters comprise coarse sand moisture content, tailing coarse-fine ratio, mortar ratio, fine mortar flow and filling slurry concentration;
the tailing grading recombination slurry reconstruction cemented filling process comprises the following steps of:
s1, pumping low-concentration tail sand slurry generated by a factory to tail sand classification equipment (12) through a classification slurry pump (11);
s2, conveying low-concentration graded fine tailing slurry overflow generated by grading to a deep cone thickener (31), and conveying high-concentration graded coarse tailing slurry underflow generated by grading to a dehydration device (21);
s3, dehydrating the coarse tailings treated by the dehydration equipment (21), then overflowing and conveying the dehydrated coarse tailings to a deep cone thickener (31), and conveying the dehydrated coarse tailings to a tailings storage yard (22);
s4, adding a flocculating agent into the deep cone thickener (31) through a flocculating agent dosing machine (32), and flocculating and settling the fine tail mortar under the action of the flocculating agent;
s5, conveying overflow discharged by the settled deep cone thickener (31) to an overflow backwater pool (61), and conveying the overflow to a section of stirring equipment (71) through a water pump (62) and a concentrate adjusting water matching pipeline; meanwhile, the water flowmeter (63) monitors the flow in real time and feeds back the flow to the PLC control equipment (82);
s6, conveying the bottom flow discharged by the deep cone thickener (31) to a section of stirring equipment (71) through a bottom flow slurry pump (91) and a fine tail slurry thickening matched pipeline; meanwhile, a concentration meter (92) and a fine tail mortar flow meter (93) monitor the concentration and flow of the fine tail mortar and feed the concentration and flow back to the PLC control equipment (82);
s7, conveying coarse tailings stored in a tailings storage yard (22) into a proportioning bin (42) through a scraper (41), blanking the coarse tailings from the proportioning bin (42) to a belt scale (43), conveying the coarse tailings weighed by the belt scale (43) to a collecting hopper (45) through coarse sand conveying equipment (44), and conveying the coarse tailings to a section of stirring equipment (71) through the collecting hopper (45); meanwhile, the belt scale (43) feeds weighing data back to the PLC control equipment (82);
s8, conveying the cement in the cement bin (51) to a section of stirring equipment (71) through a steady flow feeder (52) and a cement metering device (53), and simultaneously monitoring the cement blanking amount by the cement metering device (53) and feeding back to a PLC (programmable logic controller) device (82);
s9, conveying the filling slurry stirred by the first-stage stirring equipment (71) to the second-stage stirring equipment (72) for secondary stirring, and controlling the real-time working state of each component system by the PLC control equipment (82) according to the received data and the concentration of the filling slurry;
and S10, conveying the filling slurry stirred by the two-stage stirring equipment (72) to a downhole filling goaf.
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