CN114178875B

CN114178875B - Machining tool, turning and milling equipment and turning and milling method for aero-engine swirler

Info

Publication number: CN114178875B
Application number: CN202010962188.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈杰; 李秋胜
Original assignee: City University of Hong Kong CityU
Current assignee: City University of Hong Kong CityU
Priority date: 2020-09-14
Filing date: 2020-09-14
Publication date: 2023-03-24
Anticipated expiration: 2040-09-14
Also published as: CN114178875A

Abstract

The invention provides a machining tool, a turn-milling device and a turn-milling method for an aero-engine swirler, wherein the machining tool can clamp a semi-finished swirler product when the semi-finished swirler product is machined, the machining tool comprises two flywheels which can be fixedly connected with two ends of the semi-finished swirler product respectively, and when the semi-finished swirler product is machined, the semi-finished swirler product and the two flywheels fixed at the two ends of the semi-finished swirler product form an integral piece and are arranged on a machining machine tool. The turn-milling equipment comprises a numerical control machine tool and a machining tool. According to the invention, the semi-finished product of the swirler and the flywheel are fixedly connected into an integral piece and then the semi-finished product of the swirler is processed, so that the problems of large jumping and vibration during milling due to the fact that the semi-finished product of the swirler is too light in weight can be effectively solved, the jumping and vibration during milling of the semi-finished product of the swirler can be effectively reduced, the milling quality is improved, and the service life of a cutter of a turning and milling device is prolonged.

Description

Machining tool, turning and milling equipment and turning and milling method for aeroengine swirler

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of production of parts of an aero-engine, in particular to a machining tool, a turn-milling device and a turn-milling method for an aero-engine swirler.

Background

The swirler is one of very important parts in an engine, and is used for forming a backflow area of a flame tube head, reducing the air flow speed, forming a stable fire source at the flame tube head and ensuring the stable work of a combustion chamber.

The Chinese patent with the application number of CN201810290607.6 discloses a process method for efficiently machining an aircraft engine swirler, which comprises a swirler blank preparation step, wherein the swirler blank is prepared from a columnar forged piece, the columnar forged piece is prepared from an aircraft material, and the process method further comprises a swirler semi-finished product preparation step and a clamping and repairing step, the swirler semi-finished product preparation step is to perform at least one turning and at least one milling on the swirler blank to prepare a swirler semi-finished product, the clamping and repairing step is to trim the outer profile of the swirler semi-finished product according to the aircraft engine swirler finished product requirement to prepare a swirler finished product, and a machining mode of matching turning and milling is adopted to shorten the machining period, so that the clamping and repairing operation is matched, the yield is improved, the prepared swirler finished product has stable metal quality and long service life, and the prepared swirler finished product meets the high-standard requirement of an aircraft engine.

However, when the existing milling equipment is directly applied to the process method disclosed in the patent, large jump is generated in milling, which not only affects the service life of the cutter, but also causes the quality of the surface of the prepared swirler vane to be reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a machining tool, a turn-milling device and a turn-milling method for an aero-engine swirler, and aims to solve the problem that the swirler machined in the prior art can generate large jumping.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a machining tool for an aero-engine swirler, which can clamp a swirler semi-finished product when the swirler semi-finished product is machined, wherein the machining tool comprises two flywheels which can be fixedly connected with two ends of the swirler semi-finished product respectively, and when the swirler semi-finished product is machined, the swirler semi-finished product and the two flywheels fixed at the two ends of the swirler semi-finished product form an integral piece and are arranged on a machining machine tool.

The machining tool for the aircraft engine swirler comprises a first shaft part and a machining part coaxially arranged in the middle of the first shaft part, wherein the diameter of the machining part is larger than that of the first shaft part; the flywheel comprises a shaft sleeve and a wheel body fixed outside the shaft sleeve, the axial length of the shaft sleeve is greater than that of the wheel body, and two ends of the first shaft part can be respectively inserted into the shaft sleeves of the two flywheels and fixedly connected with the shaft sleeves.

According to the processing tool for the aircraft engine swirler, fixing holes axially penetrating through the shaft sleeve are formed in the shaft sleeve, and the fixing holes of the two flywheels can be in interference fit with the two ends of the first shaft part respectively.

The processing tool for the aero-engine swirler comprises a blade fixing member, wherein the blade fixing member is fixedly connected with the two flywheels in a detachable mode, the blade fixing member is provided with a plug head located between the two flywheels, and the plug head can be matched with a swirl groove which is processed on a semi-finished swirler.

The processing frock of aeroengine swirler, wherein, the flywheel including can with swirler semi-manufactured goods fixed connection's axle sleeve with fix the wheel body outside the axle sleeve, be equipped with a plurality of radial inwards sunken slots on the outer peripheral face of wheel body, it is a plurality of the slot encircles the axis equipartition of flywheel, the terminal surface of wheel body is equipped with a plurality of axial and runs through the jack of wheel body, it is a plurality of the jack is with a plurality of the slot one-to-one and run through respectively the corresponding slot, the blade steadiness piece still includes the horizontal pole and fixes two inserted bars at horizontal pole both ends, the horizontal pole is located two the flywheel outside is striden and is located two between the flywheel, two the inserted bar can insert two respectively in the axially corresponding slot on the wheel body, be equipped with on the inserted bar with the perforation that the jack corresponds, the inserted bar with the wheel body through passing the jack with fenestrate bolted connection.

The invention also provides turning and milling equipment for the aeroengine swirler, which is used for processing the swirler semi-finished product into a swirler finished product, wherein the swirler semi-finished product comprises a first shaft part and a processing part coaxially arranged in the middle of the first shaft part, the diameter of the processing part is larger than that of the first shaft part, the swirler finished product comprises a second shaft part and a plurality of curved surface blades arranged in the second shaft part, the curved surface blades are uniformly distributed around the axis of the second shaft part, the first shaft part and the second shaft part are both cylindrical, and the axial length of the second shaft part is smaller than that of the first shaft part; turning and milling equipment includes digit control machine tool and foretell processing frock, the digit control machine tool has lathe tool, milling cutter and two clamping ends that relative interval set up, two the flywheel respectively with two clamping end fixed connection will the both ends of the semi-manufactured first axial region of swirler respectively with two under flywheel fixed connection's the state, through milling cutter will processing portion mills for a plurality ofly the curved surface blade, through the lathe tool will the both ends of first axial region and two connect the position between the flywheel and cut off.

The turning and milling equipment for the aircraft engine swirler comprises at least two slits arranged at two ends of the first shaft portion, each slit positioned at the same end of the first shaft portion extends from the outer wall surface of the first shaft portion to the axial center of the first shaft portion and is communicated with the axial center, each slit extends from the end surface of the first shaft portion to the processing portion along the axial direction of the first shaft portion, the distance between the tail end of each slit and the end surface of the processing portion is a first distance, the distance between the end surface of the second shaft portion and the end surface of the curved vane is a second distance, the first distance is greater than the second distance, and the difference between the first distance and the second distance is a processing allowance.

The turning and milling device for the aircraft engine swirler comprises a first shaft part, a second shaft part, a first shaft part and a second shaft part, wherein the first shaft part is provided with a first axial end and a second axial end, the first axial end is provided with a first axial end and the second axial end is provided with a second axial end, the first axial end is provided with a first axial end and a second axial end, the first axial end and the second axial end are provided with first axial ends and second axial ends, the first axial end and the second axial end are respectively provided with two cutting slits, and the two cutting slits are parallel to each other.

The turning and milling equipment for the aircraft engine swirler comprises a first shaft part, a second shaft part, a machined part, a first axial part and a second axial part, wherein the first shaft part is provided with a plurality of slits, the second shaft part is provided with a plurality of axial holes, the first axial part is provided with a plurality of axial holes, the axial holes are arranged on the first shaft part, the axial holes extend from the center of the end surface of the first shaft part to the machined part along the axial direction of the first shaft part, the axial length of each axial hole is equal to the axial length of each slit, and each slit at the same end of the first shaft part is communicated with the corresponding axial hole.

The invention also provides a turning and milling method of the aero-engine swirler, which is used for processing the semi-finished swirler into a finished swirler by adopting the turning and milling equipment, and the turning and milling method comprises the following steps: step S10: preparing a semi-finished product of the swirler; step S20: fixedly connecting two ends of a first shaft part of the semi-finished product of the swirler with two flywheels respectively; step S30: installing an integral piece consisting of the cyclone semi-finished product and the two flywheels between two clamping ends of the numerical control machine tool; step S40: milling a rotational flow groove on a processing part of the semi-finished product of the cyclone by using a milling cutter of a numerical control machine; step S50: repeating the step S40 until a plurality of curved surface blades are obtained through milling; step S60: and cutting off the two ends of the first shaft part and the connecting part between the two flywheels through a turning tool of the numerical control machine tool to obtain a finished swirler.

The turn-milling method for the aeroengine swirler as described above, wherein the turn-milling method further includes a step S12 between the step S10 and the step S20: cutting at least two cutting seams at two ends of a first shaft part of the semi-finished swirler; the step S60 includes: the first shaft part is cut off along the root parts of the cutting seams at the two ends of the first shaft part by a turning tool of the numerical control machine tool, so that the first shaft part is two sections of first parts remained in the fixing holes of the two flywheels and a second part connected with the curved surface blade, the first part remained in the fixing hole of the flywheels is knocked, and each fan-shaped column of the first part is separated from the fixing hole.

The method for turning and milling the swirler of the aircraft engine as described above, wherein the step S60 further includes: and after cutting off the two ends of the first shaft part, detaching the flywheel from the numerical control machine, installing the second part of the first shaft part at the clamping end of the numerical control machine, and turning the end face and chamfering the end face of the second part of the first shaft part by using a turning tool of the numerical control machine so as to process the second part of the first shaft part into a second shaft part, thereby obtaining a finished swirler.

The turn-milling method for the aeroengine swirler as described above, wherein the turn-milling method further includes a step S11 between the step S10 and the step S12: and drilling force reducing holes at two ends of the first shaft part of the semi-finished swirler.

The turning and milling method for the aircraft engine swirler as described above, wherein the turning and milling method further includes a step S41 between the step S40 and the step S50: and detaching the blade stabilizing piece from the two flywheels, and adjusting the installation position of the blade stabilizing piece on the two flywheels to ensure that the plug head of the blade stabilizing piece is aligned to and inserted into the swirl groove beside the part to be milled of the processing part.

The method for turning and milling the aircraft engine swirler, as described above, wherein the step S20 includes: heating the flywheels, and pressing two ends of the first shaft part of the semi-finished product of the swirler into fixing holes of the two flywheels; the step S30 includes: and after the flywheel is cooled, mounting an assembly part consisting of the semi-finished product of the swirler and the flywheel at a clamping end of the numerical control machine.

The machining tool, the turn-milling equipment and the turn-milling method for the swirler of the aero-engine have the characteristics and advantages that:

1. the invention is provided with two flywheels to clamp the semi-finished product of the swirler, when the semi-finished product of the swirler is milled, the two flywheels and the semi-finished product of the swirler form an integral part to be arranged on a processing machine tool, which is equivalent to increase the weight of the semi-finished product of the swirler, and plays a role of stabilizing the semi-finished product of the swirler;

2. according to the invention, by arranging the blade stabilizing piece, when the swirl groove is machined, the plug head of the blade stabilizing piece is inserted into the machined swirl groove adjacent to the part to be machined, so that the machined curved surface blade can be supported, the vibration amplitude of the curved surface blade in the milling process is effectively reduced, and the machining quality of the surface of the blade is improved;

3. according to the flywheel fixing structure, the cutting seams and the force reducing holes are formed in the two ends of the first shaft part, so that the first shaft part remained in the fixing hole can be knocked out conveniently after the connecting part of the first shaft part and the flywheel is cut off, and the flywheel fixing structure is simpler and more convenient to operate.

Drawings

The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating and explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Wherein:

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a cyclone semi-finished product;

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the finished cyclone;

FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the turn-milling apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a machining tool of an embodiment of the present invention fixedly connected to a semi-finished swirler;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a machining tool according to another embodiment of the present invention fixedly connected to a semi-finished swirler;

FIG. 6 is a front view of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the flywheel and blade mount of FIG. 5 in an exploded state;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the flywheel, vanes and swirler half-product of FIG. 5 in an exploded state;

FIG. 9 is a side view of FIG. 5;

FIG. 10 isbase:Sub>A cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a cyclone semi-finished product in a cut-off state at a connecting portion with a flywheel;

fig. 12 is a partial enlarged view at B in fig. 11;

FIG. 13 is a flowchart of a turn-milling method according to an embodiment of the invention.

Description of the main element reference numbers:

1. processing a tool;

11. a flywheel; 111. a shaft sleeve; 112. a wheel body; 1121. a slot; 1122. a jack; 113. a fixing hole;

12. a blade securing member; 121. a plug head; 122. a cross bar; 123. inserting a rod; 1231. perforating; 124. a bolt;

2. a numerical control machine tool; 21. turning a tool; 22. milling cutters; 23. a clamping end;

100. a swirler semi-finished product; 110. a first shaft portion; 1101. cutting a seam; 1102. a force reducing hole;

120. a processing section;

200. a swirler finished product; 210. a second shaft portion; 220. a cambered vane; 230. and (4) a swirling groove.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly understand the technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Where adjective or adverbial modifiers "upper" and "lower", "top" and "bottom", "inner" and "outer", "vertical" and "horizontal" are used merely to facilitate relative reference between groups of terms, and do not describe any particular directional limitation on the modified terms. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated, whereby a feature defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a swirler semi-finished product 100 of an aircraft engine swirler includes a first shaft portion 110 and a processing portion 120 coaxially disposed in a middle portion of the first shaft portion 110, the swirler semi-finished product 100 is not limited to a specific structure, before being finally processed into a swirler finished product 200, the structure of the swirler semi-finished product is changed along with a processing process, the first shaft portion 110 is cylindrical, an initial shape of the processing portion 120 is cylindrical, a diameter of the processing portion 120 is larger than that of the first shaft portion 110, one or more swirl grooves 230 are processed on the processing portion 120 along with the processing, the swirler finished product 200 includes a second shaft portion 210 and a plurality of curved vanes 220 disposed in the middle portion of the second shaft portion 210, the plurality of curved vanes 220 are uniformly distributed around an axis of the second shaft portion 210, swirl grooves 230 are formed between every two adjacent curved vanes 220 of the shaft portion, the second shaft portion 210 is cylindrical, and an axial length of the second shaft portion 210 is smaller than an axial length of the first shaft portion 110. In order to obtain the cyclone finished product 200, the milling device is used to mill the cyclone semi-finished product 100.

When the existing milling equipment is adopted for processing, in the milling process of the semi-finished product of the swirler, the semi-finished product of the swirler can generate large bounce and vibration, the service life of a cutter is influenced, and the quality of the surface of the prepared swirler vane is reduced. In this regard, the inventors have found through studies that the reason for the large bounce and flutter of the cyclone semifinished product is that the cyclone semifinished product is too light in weight.

The first implementation mode comprises the following steps:

as shown in fig. 3 and 4, in order to solve the problem that the cyclone semi-finished product greatly jumps and vibrates in the milling process, the invention provides a machining tool 1 for an aircraft engine cyclone, which can clamp the cyclone semi-finished product when machining the cyclone semi-finished product, the machining tool 1 comprises two flywheels 11 which can be respectively and fixedly connected with two ends of the cyclone semi-finished product 100, when machining the cyclone semi-finished product 100, the cyclone semi-finished product 100 and the two flywheels 11 fixed at the two ends of the cyclone semi-finished product form an integral piece and are installed on a machining machine tool, the cyclone semi-finished product 100 and the two flywheels 11 can synchronously move and rotate under the driving of the machining tool, for example, the machining tool is a numerical control machine tool 2.

The invention is provided with two flywheels to clamp the semi-finished product of the swirler, when the semi-finished product of the swirler is milled, the two flywheels and the semi-finished product of the swirler form an integral part to be arranged on a processing machine tool, which is equivalent to increase the weight of the semi-finished product of the swirler and plays a role of stabilizing the semi-finished product of the swirler.

It should be noted that the processing tool of the present invention is not limited to clamping the cyclone semi-finished product with the aforementioned structure, and may also be used for clamping cyclone semi-finished products with other structures.

As shown in fig. 2, when the machining tool 1 of the present invention is used to clamp the cyclone semi-finished product 100 having the above-described structure, the flywheel 11 is fixedly connected to the first shaft portion 110 of the cyclone semi-finished product 100. The specific using method comprises the following steps: before the swirler semi-finished product 100 is machined, firstly, two ends of a first shaft part 110 of the swirler semi-finished product 100 are respectively and fixedly connected with two flywheels 11, so that the swirler semi-finished product 100 and the two flywheels 11 are connected to form an integral piece, then the integral piece is assembled to a working end of a numerical control machine 2, then the milling function of the numerical control machine 2 is started, a clamping end 23 of the numerical control machine 2 drives the flywheels 11 and the swirler semi-finished product 100 to finish horizontal movement and rotation, so that the swirler semi-finished product 100 finishes complex curve feeding movement relative to a milling cutter 22 of the numerical control machine 2, the milling end of the numerical control machine 2 can perform complex curved surface milling on a machining part 120, and in the process, the machining tool can play a role in stabilizing the swirler semi-finished product and reduce jumping and vibration of the swirler semi-finished product in the milling process.

As shown in fig. 4, in an embodiment of the present invention, the flywheel 11 includes a shaft sleeve 111 and a wheel body 112 fixed outside the shaft sleeve 111, the wheel body 112 and the shaft sleeve 111 are coaxially disposed, an axial length of the shaft sleeve 111 is greater than an axial length of the wheel body 112, and two ends of the first shaft portion 110 can be respectively inserted into the shaft sleeves 111 of the two flywheels 11 and fixedly connected with the shaft sleeves 111.

As shown in fig. 8, in a possible technical solution, the shaft sleeve 111 has a fixing hole 113 axially penetrating through the shaft sleeve 111, and the fixing holes 113 of the two flywheels 11 can be respectively in interference fit with two ends of the first shaft portion 110, so as to achieve the fixed connection between the two flywheels 11 and the swirler semi-finished product 100. However, the invention is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, the boss 111 of the flywheel 11 and the first shaft portion 110 of the cyclone semi-finished product 100 can be fixedly connected by other means, such as bolt connection, key connection, etc.

By adopting the scheme, the operation method for fixedly connecting the cyclone semi-finished product 100 with the two flywheels 11 comprises the following steps: firstly, the flywheel 11 is heated to a certain temperature, then the two ends of the first shaft part 110 are respectively pressed into the fixing holes 113 of the two flywheels 11, after the flywheel 11 is cooled, the swirler semi-finished product 100 and the two flywheels 11 form an integral piece through interference fit of the first shaft part 110 and the fixing holes 113, and then the integral piece formed by the swirler semi-finished product 100 and the flywheels 11 is assembled at the working end of the numerical control machine 2.

As shown in fig. 5, 6, 7, and 8, in an embodiment of the present invention, the processing tool 1 further includes a blade fixing member 12, the blade fixing member 12 is detachably and fixedly connected to the two flywheels 11, the blade fixing member 12 has a plug 121 located between the two flywheels 11, the plug 121 can be matched with the processed swirl groove 230 on the cyclone semi-finished product 100, that is, the plug 121 has a shape matching with the shape and size of the swirl groove 230, and can be in clearance fit with the swirl groove 230, when the swirl groove 230 is milled on the processing portion 120, the plug 121 is inserted into the processed swirl groove beside the portion to be milled of the processing portion 120 (as shown in fig. 3 and 5).

When digit control machine tool 2 mills whirl groove, because the curved surface blade is curved surface thin slice shape, so when the curved surface blade side that processing was accomplished mills whirl groove, the curved surface blade inevitably produces and vibrates, the surface quality of curved surface blade can be reduced in vibrating of curved surface blade, adopt the blade steadiness member 12 of this embodiment, insert the 120 adjacent whirl inslot portions that finish of processing of portion of treating processing through with chock plug 121, can support the curved surface blade, reduce the amplitude that the curved surface blade vibrates effectively, improve the processingquality on blade surface.

In this embodiment, since the blade fixing member 12 is detachably connected to the flywheel 11, when milling the swirl grooves at different positions of the processing portion 120, the position of the blade fixing member 12 can be adjusted, so that the plug 121 supports different curved blades; because the blade fixing member 12 is fixedly connected with the flywheel 11, when the numerical control machine 2 drives the flywheel 11 and the cyclone semi-finished product 100 to rotate, the blade fixing member 12 can rotate together with the flywheel 11 and the cyclone semi-finished product 100, so that the choke plug 121 keeps stable support for the curved blades.

As shown in fig. 6, further, the number of the blade fixing members 12 is two, and when the machined swirl grooves are formed on both sides of the part to be milled of the machining part 120, two blade fixing members 12 are mounted on the flywheel 11, and the plugs 121 of the two blade fixing members 12 are aligned with and inserted into the two machined swirl grooves, respectively.

As shown in fig. 7, 8, 9, and 10, in a possible technical solution, a plurality of radially inward recessed slots 1121 are disposed on an outer circumferential surface of a wheel body 112, the plurality of slots 1121 are uniformly distributed around an axis of a flywheel 11, a plurality of insertion holes 1122 axially penetrating through the wheel body 112 are disposed on an end surface of the wheel body 112, the plurality of insertion holes 1122 and the plurality of insertion holes 1121 are in one-to-one correspondence and respectively penetrate through the corresponding slots 1121, the blade fixing member 12 further includes a cross bar 122 and two insertion bars 123 fixed at two ends of the cross bar 122, the cross bar 122 is disposed outside the two flywheels 11 and straddles between the two flywheels 11, the two insertion bars 123 can be respectively inserted into the two axially corresponding slots 1121 on the two wheel bodies 112, the insertion bars 123 are disposed with through holes 1231 corresponding to the insertion holes 1122, and the insertion bars 123 and the wheel body 112 are connected by bolts 124 penetrating through the insertion holes and the 123through the insertion holes 1122, so as to detachably connect the

flywheel fixing members

12 and 11.

By adopting the scheme, the operation method comprises the following steps: the worker inserts the two insertion rods 123 into the corresponding insertion slots 1121, and inserts the plug head 121 into the already processed swirl slots beside the to-be-milled portion of the processing portion 120, if there is no already processed swirl slot beside the to-be-milled portion of the processing portion 120 (for example, when the first swirl slot is processed), the blade fixing member 12 is not installed, and then the bolt 124 passes through the insertion hole 1122 and the through hole 1231, and the insertion rod 123 is fixedly connected with the wheel body 112 through the bolt 124, so that the fixed connection between the blade fixing member 12 and the flywheel 11 can be completed. After each machining of a swirl slot, the worker is required to remove the blade steady 12 and install it next to the swirl slot to be machined.

The second embodiment:

as shown in fig. 3, the invention further provides a turn-milling device for an aircraft engine swirler, which is used for processing a swirler semi-finished product 100 into a swirler finished product 200, structures of the swirler semi-finished product 100 and the swirler finished product 200 are as described above, the turn-milling device includes a numerical control machine 2 and a processing tool 1, the processing tool 1 in the embodiment has the same structure, working principle and beneficial effects as those in the first embodiment, and no further description is provided herein; the numerical control machine tool 2 has a turning tool 21, a milling tool 22 and two clamping ends 23 arranged at intervals, two flywheels 11 are respectively and fixedly connected with the two clamping ends 23, for example, a shaft sleeve 111 of the flywheels 11 is detachably and fixedly connected with the clamping ends 23, in a state that two ends of a first shaft part 110 of a swirler semi-finished product 100 are respectively and fixedly connected with the two flywheels 11, a processing part 120 is milled into a plurality of curved surface blades 220 by the milling tool 22, and connecting parts between two ends of the first shaft part 110 and the two flywheels 11 are cut off by the turning tool 21 to obtain a second shaft part 210.

The semi-finished product of the swirler is processed by adopting the turning and milling equipment, and the processing method comprises the following steps: before the cyclone semi-finished product 100 is processed, firstly, two ends of a first shaft part 110 of the cyclone semi-finished product 100 are respectively and fixedly connected with two flywheels 11, so that the cyclone semi-finished product 100 and the two flywheels 11 are connected to form an integral piece, then the integral piece is assembled to a clamping end 23 of a numerical control machine 2, then the milling function of the numerical control machine 2 is started, the clamping end 23 of the numerical control machine 2 drives the flywheels 11 and the cyclone semi-finished product 100 to finish horizontal movement and rotation, and therefore the cyclone semi-finished product 100 finishes complex curve feeding motion relative to a milling cutter 22 of the numerical control machine 2, and the milling end of the numerical control machine 2 can perform complex curved surface milling on a processing part 120; after the machining part 120 is machined into the curved-surface blade 220 by the numerical control machine 2, the turning function of the numerical control machine 2 is started, the numerical control machine 2 cuts off the connection part of the first shaft part 110 and the flywheel 11, and then the cutting part of the first shaft part 110 is turned on the end surface and chamfered by other equipment, so that the second shaft part 210 can be obtained, and the machining of the finished swirler product 200 is completed.

The numerical control machine tool 2 can be an existing turning and milling composite all-in-one machine or a numerical control machining center, and can also be a combination of an existing lathe and an existing milling machine, wherein the turning and milling composite all-in-one machine comprises various forms of turning and milling composite, turning, milling and grinding composite, cutting and 3D printing composite, cutting and ultrasonic vibration composite, laser and stamping composite and the like, and the purpose of the composite is to enable one machine tool to have multiple functions, can finish multiple tasks by clamping once, and improve machining efficiency and machining precision.

Compared with a turning and milling combined all-in-one machine, the combination of the lathe and the milling machine occupies a large area, the operation is complex, and the cost of the numerical control machining center is high, so the numerical control machine 2 is preferably the turning and milling combined all-in-one machine. The structure and working principle of the numerical control machine 2 are prior art and are not described in detail.

As shown in fig. 1, 11, and 12, in an embodiment of the present invention, at least two slits 1101 are provided at both ends of the first shaft portion 110, each slit 1101 located at the same end of the first shaft portion 110 is an elongated slit, each slit 1101 extends from an outer wall surface of the first shaft portion 110 to an axial center of the first shaft portion 110 and communicates with the axial center, each slit 1101 extends from an end surface of the first shaft portion 110 toward the processing portion 120 along an axial direction of the first shaft portion 110, that is, a length direction of the slit 1101 is parallel to an axial direction of the first shaft portion 110, a distance between a tip of each slit 1101 and the end surface of the processing portion 120 is a first distance L1 (shown in fig. 1), a distance between an end surface of the second shaft portion 210 and an end surface of the curved blade 220 is a second distance L2 (shown in fig. 2), the first distance L1 is greater than the second distance L2, and a difference between the first distance L1 and the second distance L2 is a processing margin.

In this embodiment, the slits 1101 with smaller size are provided at both ends of the first shaft 110, which does not affect the stability of the connection between the first shaft 110 and the flywheel 11, and the slits 1101 function as: taking two parallel slits 1101 as an example, when the cnc machine 2 cuts the connecting portion between the first shaft portion 110 and the flywheel 11, the turning tool 21 cuts along the root of the slit 1101, and cuts the portion (referred to as a first portion) of the first shaft portion 110 having the slit 1101, so that the first portion remaining inside the fixing hole 113 of the flywheel 11 is two fan-shaped columns (semi-cylinders) separated from each other, as shown in fig. 12, the worker can take out the first portion remaining inside the fixing hole 113 by tapping, without reheating the flywheel 11.

Since the first distance is greater than the second distance, after the nc machine tool 2 cuts off the connection portion between the first shaft portion 110 and the flywheel 11, the remaining portion (referred to as a second portion) of the first shaft portion 110 connected to the cambered vane 220 may still be further processed to form the second shaft portion 210. If the length of the second portion is just equal to the length of the second shaft portion 210, there is no machining allowance in subsequent grinding and chamfering of the end surface of the second shaft portion 210, so that subsequent machining cannot be performed.

As shown in fig. 12, in a preferred embodiment, two slits 1101 are provided at both ends of the first shaft 110, the two slits 1101 are parallel to each other, the two slits 1101 form a straight flat slot radially penetrating the first shaft 110, and when the slits 1101 are processed, the two slits 1101 are formed by cutting once.

In another possible technical solution, three slits 1101 are respectively formed at two ends of the first shaft portion 110, the three slits 1101 are uniformly distributed around the axis of the first shaft portion 110, when the numerical control machine 2 cuts off the connection portion between the first shaft portion 110 and the flywheel 11, the first portion of the first shaft portion 110 remaining inside the fixing hole 113 is three fan-shaped columns separated from each other, and a worker can knock the first shaft portion out of the fixing hole 113 of the flywheel 11 more easily.

As shown in fig. 1, 11, and 12, force reducing holes 1102 are provided at both ends of the first shaft portion 110, the force reducing holes 1102 extend from the center of the end surface of the first shaft portion 110 toward the processing portion 120 in the axial direction of the first shaft portion 110, the axial length of the force reducing holes 1102 is equal to the axial length of the slits 1101, the force reducing holes 1102 are blind holes, and the slits 1101 and the force reducing holes 1102 located at the same end of the first shaft portion 110 communicate with each other.

Wherein the size of the force reducing hole 1102 is small, without affecting the stability of the connection of the first shaft portion 110 with the flywheel 11, and the function of the force reducing hole 1102 is: cutting along the root of kerf 1101 on digit control machine tool 2, when cutting off the position that first axial region 110 has kerf 1101, two or more than three fan-shaped posts that remain in fixed orifices 113 still keep interference fit with the inner wall of fixed orifices 113, the frictional connection power between fixed orifices 113 and these fan-shaped posts is very big, make the staff need hard to strike, just can take out these fan-shaped posts, and bore out behind the power reducing hole 1102 at the center of first axial region 110, make first axial region 110 remain the fan-shaped ring post that the position of fixed orifices 113 is the inner wall is sunken, the fan-shaped ring post is radial deformation inwards more easily, the staff can be more easily with the fan-shaped ring post from the inside of fixed orifices 113 and knock out.

The third implementation mode comprises the following steps:

as shown in fig. 13, the present invention further provides a turn-milling method for aeroengine cyclones, which uses the turn-milling apparatus of the second embodiment to process a cyclone semi-finished product 100 into a cyclone finished product 200, and the turn-milling method of the present invention includes the following steps:

step S10: preparing a swirler semi-finished product 100, wherein a specific preparation method of the swirler semi-finished product 100 is the prior art, and thus, detailed description is omitted;

step S20: fixedly connecting two ends of a first shaft part 110 of the swirler semi-finished product 100 with two flywheels 11 respectively;

step S30: installing the whole formed by the cyclone semi-finished product 100 and the two flywheels 11 between the two clamping ends 23 of the numerical control machine 2;

step S40: milling a rotational groove 230 on the processing part 120 of the swirler semi-finished product 100 by the milling cutter 22 of the numerically controlled machine tool 2;

step S50: repeating the step S40 until a plurality of curved surface blades 220 uniformly distributed around the axis of the swirler semi-finished product 100 are obtained through milling;

step S60: the connection part between the two ends of the first shaft part 110 and the two flywheels 11 is cut off by a turning tool 21 of the numerical control machine tool 2, and a finished product 200 of the swirler is obtained.

Compared with the method for directly processing the semi-finished product of the swirler, the semi-finished product of the swirler and the flywheel are fixedly connected into an integral piece and then the semi-finished product of the swirler is processed, so that the problems of large jumping and vibration during milling due to the fact that the semi-finished product of the swirler is too light in weight can be effectively solved, the jumping and vibration during milling of the semi-finished product of the swirler can be effectively reduced, the milling quality is improved, and the service life of a cutter of the turning and milling equipment is prolonged.

As shown in fig. 13, in an embodiment of the present invention, the turn-milling method further includes a step S12 between the step S10 and the step S20: cutting at least two slits 1101 at both ends of the first shaft portion 110 of the cyclone semi-finished product 100, the slits 1101 having the structure and function as described in embodiment two; step S60 includes: the first shaft part 110 is cut along the root of the slit 1101 at both ends of the first shaft part 110 by the turning tool 21 of the numerical control machine tool 2, so that the first shaft part 110 is divided into two sections of first parts remaining in the fixing holes 113 of the two flywheels 11 and a second part connected with the curved blade 220, and the first parts remaining in the fixing holes 113 of the flywheels 11 are knocked to separate the fan-shaped columns of the first parts from the fixing holes 113.

Further, step S60 further includes: after cutting both ends of the first shaft portion 110, the flywheel 11 is detached from the numerical control machine tool 2, the second portion of the first shaft portion 110 is mounted on the clamping end 23 of the numerical control machine tool 2, and the end face and the chamfer of the second portion of the first shaft portion 110 are machined by the turning tool 21 of the numerical control machine tool 2, so that the second portion of the first shaft portion 110 is machined into the second shaft portion 210, and the finished swirler product 200 is obtained.

As shown in fig. 13, in an embodiment of the present invention, the turn-milling method further includes a step S11 between the step S10 and the step S12: the force reducing holes 1102 are drilled at both ends of the first shaft portion 110 of the cyclone semi-finished product 100, and the structure and function of the force reducing holes 1102 are as described in embodiment two.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the machining tool 1 of the turn-milling apparatus includes the blade steady member 12, the structure and function of the blade steady member 12 are as described in the first embodiment, and the turn-milling method further includes a step S41 between the step S40 and the step S50: the blade fixing member 12 is detached from the two flywheels 11, and the installation position of the blade fixing member 12 on the two flywheels 11 is adjusted, so that the plug 121 of the blade fixing member 12 is aligned with and inserted into the swirling flow groove 230 beside the part to be milled of the processing portion 120.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the fixing holes 113 of the two flywheels 11 and the two ends of the first shaft 110 are fixedly connected by interference fit, and the step S20 includes: heating the flywheel 11, and pressing the two ends of the first shaft part 110 of the cyclone semi-finished product 100 into the fixing holes 113 of the two flywheel 11; step S30 includes: after the flywheel 11 is cooled, the whole piece of the semi-finished swirler 100 and the flywheel 11 is mounted between the two clamping ends 23 of the numerical control machine 2.

The above description is only an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications that can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention should be considered within the scope of the invention. It should be noted that the components of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned whole application, and various technical features described in the present specification can be selected to be used alone or in combination according to actual needs, so that the present invention naturally covers other combinations and specific applications related to the invention.

Claims

1. The machining tool for the swirler of the aero-engine is characterized by being capable of clamping a swirler semi-finished product when the swirler semi-finished product is machined, the machining tool comprises two flywheels which can be fixedly connected with two ends of the swirler semi-finished product respectively, and when the swirler semi-finished product is machined, the swirler semi-finished product and the two flywheels fixed at the two ends of the swirler semi-finished product form an integral piece and are arranged on a machining machine tool;

the processing tool further comprises a blade fixing piece, the blade fixing piece is detachably and fixedly connected with the two flywheels, the blade fixing piece is provided with a plug head positioned between the two flywheels, and the plug head can be matched with a processed swirl groove on the semi-finished swirler;

the flywheel including can with swirler semi-manufactured goods fixed connection's axle sleeve with fix the outer wheel body of axle sleeve, be equipped with a plurality of radial inside sunken slots on the outer peripheral face of wheel body, it is a plurality of the slot encircles the axis equipartition of flywheel, the terminal surface of wheel body is equipped with a plurality of axial and runs through the jack of wheel body, and is a plurality of the jack is with a plurality of the slot one-to-one runs through the correspondence respectively the slot, the blade steadiness piece still includes the horizontal pole and fixes two inserted bars at horizontal pole both ends, the horizontal pole is located two the flywheel outside is striden and is located two between the flywheel, two the inserted bar can insert two respectively in the slot of axial correspondence on the wheel body, be equipped with on the inserted bar with the perforation that the jack corresponds, the inserted bar with the wheel body passes the jack with fenestrate bolted connection.

2. The machining tool for the aircraft engine swirler of claim 1, wherein the swirler semi-finished product comprises a first shaft part and a machining part coaxially arranged in the middle of the first shaft part, and the diameter of the machining part is larger than that of the first shaft part; the flywheel comprises a shaft sleeve and a wheel body fixed outside the shaft sleeve, the axial length of the shaft sleeve is larger than that of the wheel body, and the two ends of the first shaft part can be respectively inserted into the shaft sleeves of the two flywheels and fixedly connected with the shaft sleeves.

3. The machining tool for the aero-engine swirler of claim 2, wherein fixing holes axially penetrating through the shaft sleeve are formed in the shaft sleeve, and the fixing holes of the two flywheels can be in interference fit with two ends of the first shaft part respectively.

4. The turn-milling equipment for the aeroengine swirler is characterized in that the turn-milling equipment is used for processing a swirler semi-finished product into a swirler finished product, the swirler semi-finished product comprises a first shaft part and a processing part coaxially arranged in the middle of the first shaft part, the diameter of the processing part is larger than that of the first shaft part, the swirler finished product comprises a second shaft part and a plurality of curved surface blades arranged in the middle of the second shaft part, the curved surface blades are uniformly distributed around the axis of the second shaft part, the first shaft part and the second shaft part are both cylindrical, and the axial length of the second shaft part is smaller than that of the first shaft part;

the turn-milling equipment comprises a numerical control machine tool and the processing tool set forth in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the numerical control machine tool is provided with a turning tool, a milling cutter and two clamping ends which are oppositely arranged at intervals, the two flywheels are fixedly connected with the two clamping ends respectively, the processing part is milled into a plurality of curved surface blades through the milling cutter under the condition that the two ends of the first shaft part of the semi-finished swirler are fixedly connected with the two flywheels respectively, and the two ends of the first shaft part and the two connecting parts between the flywheels are cut off through the turning tool.

5. The aircraft engine swirler turn-milling apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein each of the two ends of the first shaft portion is provided with at least two slits, each slit at the same end of the first shaft portion extends from the outer wall surface of the first shaft portion to the axial center of the first shaft portion and communicates with the axial center, each slit extends from the end surface of the first shaft portion toward the processing portion along the axial direction of the first shaft portion, a distance between a tip of each slit and the end surface of the processing portion is a first distance, a distance between the end surface of the second shaft portion and the end surface of the curved vane is a second distance, the first distance is greater than the second distance, and a difference between the first distance and the second distance is a processing margin.

6. The aircraft engine swirler turn-milling apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein the first shaft portion is provided with two slits at each end, the two slits being parallel to each other.

7. The aircraft engine swirler turn-milling apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein each of the two ends of the first shaft portion is provided with a force reduction hole extending from the center of the end surface of the first shaft portion toward the machined portion in the axial direction of the first shaft portion, the axial length of the force reduction hole is equal to the axial length of the slit, and each slit located at the same end of the first shaft portion communicates with the force reduction hole.

8. A turn-milling method for an aircraft engine swirler, characterized in that the turn-milling method is used for processing a swirler semi-finished product into a swirler finished product by using the turn-milling device as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 7, and the turn-milling method comprises the following steps:

step S10: preparing a semi-finished product of the swirler;

step S20: fixedly connecting two ends of a first shaft part of the semi-finished product of the swirler with two flywheels respectively;

step S30: installing an integral piece consisting of the cyclone semi-finished product and the two flywheels between two clamping ends of the numerical control machine tool;

step S40: milling a rotational flow groove on a processing part of the semi-finished product of the cyclone by using a milling cutter of a numerical control machine;

step S50: repeating the step S40 until a plurality of curved surface blades are obtained through milling;

step S60: and cutting off the two ends of the first shaft part and the connecting part between the two flywheels through a turning tool of the numerical control machine tool to obtain a finished swirler.

9. The method of turn-milling an aircraft engine swirler of claim 8, further comprising a step S12 between the step S10 and the step S20 of: cutting at least two cutting seams at two ends of a first shaft part of the semi-finished swirler;

the step S60 includes: the first shaft part is cut off along the root of the cutting seams at the two ends of the first shaft part by a turning tool of the numerical control machine tool, so that the first shaft part is composed of two sections of first parts remained in the fixed holes of the two flywheels and a second part connected with the curved surface blade, the first part remained in the fixed hole of the flywheels is knocked, and each fan-shaped column of the first part is separated from the fixed hole.

10. The method of turn-milling an aircraft engine swirler of claim 9, wherein the step S60 further comprises: and after the two ends of the first shaft part are cut off, the flywheel is detached from the numerical control machine tool, the second part of the first shaft part is installed at the clamping end of the numerical control machine tool, and the end face and the chamfer angle of the end face of the second part of the first shaft part are machined by a turning tool of the numerical control machine tool, so that the second part of the first shaft part is machined into a second shaft part, and a finished swirler is obtained.

11. The method of turn-milling an aircraft engine swirler of claim 9, further comprising a step S11 between the step S10 and the step S12 of: and drilling force reducing holes at two ends of the first shaft part of the semi-finished swirler.

12. The method of turn-milling an aircraft engine swirler of claim 8, further comprising a step S41 between the step S40 and the step S50 of: and detaching the blade stabilizing piece from the two flywheels, and adjusting the installation position of the blade stabilizing piece on the two flywheels to ensure that the plug head of the blade stabilizing piece is aligned to and inserted into the swirl groove beside the part to be milled of the processing part.

13. A method of turn-milling an aircraft engine swirler as claimed in claim 8,

the step S20 includes: heating the flywheels, and pressing two ends of the first shaft part of the semi-finished product of the swirler into fixing holes of the two flywheels;

the step S30 includes: and after the flywheel is cooled, installing an integral piece consisting of the semi-finished product of the swirler and the two flywheels between the two clamping ends of the numerical control machine.