CN114178036B - Primary air quantity and primary air pressure control method for inlet of coal mill - Google Patents
Primary air quantity and primary air pressure control method for inlet of coal mill Download PDFInfo
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- CN114178036B CN114178036B CN202111201708.XA CN202111201708A CN114178036B CN 114178036 B CN114178036 B CN 114178036B CN 202111201708 A CN202111201708 A CN 202111201708A CN 114178036 B CN114178036 B CN 114178036B
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- coal
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- air quantity
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C25/00—Control arrangements specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/18—Adding fluid, other than for crushing or disintegrating by fluid energy
- B02C23/20—Adding fluid, other than for crushing or disintegrating by fluid energy after crushing or disintegrating
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
- Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an inlet primary air quantity and primary air pressure control method of a coal mill, which comprises the following steps of S1, correcting an inlet primary air quantity coefficient of the coal mill; s2, introducing a wind-coal ratio measuring point into a distributed control system to which the coal mill belongs, wherein the wind-coal ratio is the ratio of corrected inlet primary air quantity to the coal feeding rate of the coal feeder, and the distributed control system adjusts the opening of the hot air baffle according to the numerical change of the wind-coal ratio; s3, the distributed control system outputs a wind pressure set value through the relation between the maximum coal feeding rate and the wind pressure function, and controls primary wind pressure according to the wind pressure set value. According to the invention, the primary air quantity of the coal mill is recalibrated, the primary air-coal ratio is optimally adjusted, the air-coal ratio measuring point is introduced into the distributed control system, and the over-value alarm is set, so that the related operation parameters of the pulverizing system are optimally adjusted, and the pulverizing system of the boiler in the thermal power generation industry can be operated more safely and economically.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of thermal power generation, in particular to a method for controlling primary air quantity and primary air pressure of an inlet of a coal mill.
Background
In the direct-fired boiler, the pulverized coal is directly sent out by primary air after being pulverized by a coal mill, and the amount of coal powder entering a hearth can be rapidly changed by changing the primary air quantity. When the coal type and density are kept unchanged, the pulverized coal and the primary air quantity can be approximately in a linear proportion relation, so that the powder feeding quantity of the coal mill can be controlled by the primary air quantity. The primary air quantity is changed while the coal feeding quantity is changed, so that the response capability of the direct-blowing boiler can be improved, and the coordination control of a unit is facilitated. However, when the unit normally operates, the excessively low or excessively high automatic setting value of the primary air quantity can adversely affect the safety, stability, environmental protection and economic operation of the powder making system and the unit. Therefore, calculating, formulating and optimizing the most reasonable primary air quantity and primary air pressure control value of the coal mill aiming at the unit characteristics has important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The primary aim of the invention is to provide a primary air quantity and a primary air pressure control method for an inlet of a coal mill aiming at the problems in the prior art, so as to calibrate the primary air quantity, level the air speed of an outlet powder pipe and optimize the primary air-coal ratio.
The technical effects to be achieved by the invention are realized by the following technical scheme:
the primary air quantity and primary air pressure control method for the inlet of the coal mill comprises the following steps:
s1, correcting an inlet primary air quantity coefficient of the coal mill;
s2, introducing a wind-coal ratio measuring point into a distributed control system (namely a DCS) to which the coal mill belongs, wherein the wind-coal ratio is the ratio of corrected primary air quantity of an inlet to the coal feeding rate of the coal feeder, and the distributed control system adjusts the opening of a hot air baffle according to the numerical change of the wind-coal ratio;
s3, the distributed control system outputs a wind pressure set value through the relation between the maximum coal feeding rate and the wind pressure function, and controls primary wind pressure according to the wind pressure set value.
Preferably, in step S1, the primary air volume of the inlet of each coal mill needs to be calibrated, and the actually measured air volume is compared with the dial air volume, so as to obtain a correction coefficient.
Preferably, the primary air volume coefficient of the inlet is the ratio of the actually measured air volume to the dial air volume before correction, each coal mill is at least calibrated with high, medium and low air volumes, at least three primary air volume coefficients of the inlet are obtained, and the average value of the primary air volume coefficients of the inlet is taken as the correction coefficient of the inlet air volume of the coal mill.
Preferably, the primary air quantity of the inlet of the coal mill is measured in a cold state at a powder pipe measuring point of the outlet of the coal mill by adopting a constant-section grid method, and the measured items comprise aerodynamic pressure, static pressure and temperature of each measuring point.
Preferably, the air dynamic pressure and the static pressure are measured by adopting a backrest pipe and an electronic micro-pressure meter, and the temperature is measured by adopting a K-type armoured thermocouple which is qualified through verification and a point thermometer.
Preferably, only cold primary air is introduced when the coal mill is stopped, the back tube is adopted to measure the air speed in the outlet powder tube of the coal mill and calculate the inlet primary air quantity of the coal mill, and the air quantity is the actually measured air quantity.
Preferably, in the step S2, the distributed control system sets a range of a wind-coal ratio of less than 1.3 and greater than 2.3 as the alarm value.
Preferably, in the step S3, the maximum value of the coal feeding rates of all the coal mills is obtained through a high-selection algorithm block of the distributed control system, and then the set value of the wind pressure is output according to different coal feeding rate-wind pressure functional relations respectively corresponding to the actual running number of the coal mills.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the primary air quantity of the coal mill is recalibrated, the primary air-coal ratio is optimally adjusted, the air-coal ratio measuring point is introduced into the distributed control system (namely the DCS system), and the over-value alarm is set, so that the related operation parameters of the pulverizing system are optimally adjusted, and the pulverizing system of the boiler in the thermal power generation industry can be operated more safely and economically.
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Detailed Description
The following describes the invention in more detail. The description of these embodiments is provided to assist understanding of the present invention, but is not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features described below in the various embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
The embodiment provides a primary air quantity and primary air pressure control method for an inlet of a coal mill, which comprises the following steps:
s1, correcting an inlet primary air quantity coefficient of the coal mill;
s2, introducing a wind-coal ratio measuring point into a distributed control system to which the coal mill belongs, wherein the wind-coal ratio is the ratio of corrected inlet primary air quantity to the coal feeding rate of the coal feeder, and the distributed control system adjusts the opening of the hot air baffle according to the numerical change of the wind-coal ratio;
s3, the distributed control system outputs a wind pressure set value through the relation between the maximum coal feeding rate and the wind pressure function, and controls primary wind pressure according to the wind pressure set value.
In the step S1, since accurate primary air volume measurement is a precondition and basis for accurate control of the entire boiler pulverizing system and the combustion system, the primary air volume of each coal mill inlet must be calibrated. The invention obtains the correction coefficient by comparing the actually measured air quantity value with the dial value. However, most of the current test sites do not have the test conditions for carrying out thermal calibration on the primary air duct of the inlet of the coal mill, so that the embodiment only carries out the calibration by cooling once when the coal mill is stopped, and the primary air quantity of the inlet of the coal mill is calculated by measuring the air speed of the powder pipe at the outlet of the coal mill.
In this embodiment, the primary air volume of the inlet of the coal mill is measured in a cold state at the powder tube measuring point of the outlet of the coal mill by adopting a constant-section grid method, and the measured items include aerodynamic pressure, static pressure and temperature of each measuring point.
Specifically, the instrument used for measuring dynamic pressure in wind speed measurement is a verified backrest tube and an electronic micro-manometer, and the method for dividing the measuring points is a constant section method. The dynamic pressure value of each cross-section grid point is measured by a backrest pipe, so that the average dynamic pressure value Pd (unit Pa) of each measuring point cross section is obtained, and the static pressure value Ps (unit Pa) of each grid measuring point cross section is measured.
1) The following is a measurement of wind speed and wind volume
The wind speed of the measured section is calculated by the formula (6-1):
wherein:
v-wind speed of the measured section, m/s;
P d -average dynamic pressure value of the whole section, pa;
ρ -measuring P d The gas flow density of the measuring section, kg/m3;
K d -dynamic pressure measurement of tube coefficients.
Average dynamic pressure value P of whole section d Calculated by equation (6-2):
wherein:
P d1 ,P d2 ......P dn -dynamic pressure value, pa, of each measurement point;
n-total number of points for the whole measurement section.
The air density of the measured section is calculated by the formula (6-3):
wherein:
ρ -measuring air density of the cross section, kg/m3;
t-measuring the medium temperature of the section, DEG C;
P d -the local actual atmospheric pressure, pa, at the time of measurement;
ps—measuring section static pressure, pa;
ρ 0 air density at standard state, its value is 1.293kg/m 3 。
The actual air volume of the measured section is calculated by the formula (6-4):
Q＝ρvA (6-4)
wherein:
q-measuring the actual air quantity of the section, kg/s;
a-measuring the cross-sectional area of the cross-section, m 3 。
2) The flow coefficient and coefficient deviation are calculated as follows
The flow coefficient and coefficient deviation are calculated as shown in the formula (6-5) and the formula (6-6):
Y＝Q s /Q b (6-5)
wherein:
y-flow coefficient;
qs-measured air volume, t/h;
qb-dial air volume, t/h;
RSD-coefficient bias,%;
Y i -flow coefficient for a single condition;
Each coal mill needs to calibrate the flow coefficient Y under three air volumes of high, medium and low respectively i Then taking the primary air flow coefficient Y of the inlet i Average value of (2)
And the correction coefficient Y is used as the inlet air quantity of the coal mill. />
The primary air quantity at the inlet of the coal mill is an important operation control parameter, so that the primary air speed is determined, and the primary air quantity is closely related to the combustion effect. Therefore, the embodiment corrects the primary air quantity value of the dial by the calculated air quantity correction coefficient Y, so that the primary air quantity of the dial can more truly reflect the actual air quantity, and the purpose of accurately monitoring the air quantity is achieved.
Further, in this embodiment, the user optimizes the corrected primary air volume to obtain a ratio of the corrected primary air volume to the coal feeding rate of the coal feeder, and in the step S2, the wind-to-coal ratio measurement point is introduced into the distributed control system, so that the opening degree of the hot air baffle can be adjusted according to the numerical change of the wind-to-coal ratio, when the wind-to-coal ratio increases, it is indicated that the primary air volume of the grinding inlet is too large, and the distributed control system indicates to close the low-heat primary air damper, otherwise, the opening degree is large. The arrangement ensures that the primary air quantity is flexibly and finely adjusted along with the change of the grinding force, and is beneficial to the fine operation and running of the whole pulverizing system.
In addition, in the step S2, the present embodiment sets an extremum alarm for the wind-coal ratio measuring point, and sets a wind-coal ratio range smaller than 1.3 and larger than 2.3 as an alarm value, when the real-time wind-coal ratio reaches the alarm value, the distributed control system sends out a reminding signal, so that an operator can monitor the running condition of the coal mill conveniently, and thus the running condition of the coal mill can be adjusted in time.
The step S1 and the step S2 complete the calibration of the primary air quantity, and as the inlet air quantity of the coal mill increases, the pipeline pressure loss also increases, and if the pipeline pressure loss is to be balanced, the hot air pressure set value of the coal mill needs to be increased.
Among them, the coal feeding rate-wind pressure functional relationship of this embodiment is:
in the method, in the process of the invention,
x-coal feed rate;
f (x) -the wind pressure set value, kPa.
The adjustment mode of the step S3 improves the primary air pressure under partial working conditions, ensures that all coal dust of the running coal mill can be timely conveyed to a hearth, and rapidly responds to the load of a unit.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and still fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The primary air quantity and primary air pressure control method for the inlet of the coal mill is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, correcting an inlet primary air volume coefficient of each coal mill, calibrating the inlet primary air volume of each coal mill, and comparing the actually measured air volume with the dial air volume to obtain a correction coefficient, wherein the inlet primary air volume coefficient is the ratio of the actually measured air volume to the dial air volume before correction; wherein:
the wind speed of the measured section is calculated by the following formula:
wherein:
the wind speed of the section to be measured is m/s; />
The average dynamic pressure value Pa of the whole section; />
For measuring->
The gas flow density of the measuring section, kg/m3; />
Measuring the tube coefficient for dynamic pressure;
average dynamic pressure value of whole section
Calculated by the following formula:
wherein:
the dynamic pressure value Pa of each measuring point; n is the total number of measuring points of the whole measuring section;
the air density of the measured cross section is calculated by the following formula:
wherein: ρ is the air density of the measured section, kg/m3;
to measure the medium temperature of the section, DEG C; pd is the local actual atmospheric pressure in measurement, pa; ps is the measured section static pressure, pa; />
Is the air density in the standard state, and has the value of
；
The actual air volume of the measured section is calculated by the following formula:
wherein: q is the actual air quantity of the measured section, kg/s; a is a measuring sectionThe cross-sectional area of the face,
；
the flow coefficient and coefficient deviation are calculated by the following formula:
wherein: y is a flow coefficient; qs is the actually measured air quantity, t/h; qb is the dial air quantity, t/h; RSD is coefficient bias,%;
flow coefficient for single working condition; />
Is the average flow coefficient;
each coal mill needs to calibrate the flow coefficient under the high, medium and low air quantity respectively
Then taking the primary air quantity coefficient of the inlet +.>
Mean value of>
Correction factor for the inlet air quantity of the coal mill>
；/>
S2, introducing a wind-coal ratio measuring point into a distributed control system of the coal mill, wherein the wind-coal ratio is the ratio of the corrected primary air quantity to the coal feeding rate of the coal feeder, and the distributed control system adjusts the opening of the hot air baffle according to the numerical change of the wind-coal ratio;
s3, the distributed control system outputs a wind pressure set value through the relation between the maximum coal feeding rate and the wind pressure function, and controls primary wind pressure according to the wind pressure set value; wherein, the coal feeding rate-wind pressure function relation is as follows:
wherein x is the coal feeding rate;
is the wind pressure set value, kPa.
2. The method for controlling the primary air quantity and the primary air pressure of the inlet of the coal mill according to claim 1, wherein the primary air quantity of the inlet of the coal mill is measured in a cold state at a powder pipe measuring point of an outlet of the coal mill by adopting a constant-section grid method, and the measured items comprise aerodynamic pressure, static pressure and temperature of each measuring point.
3. The method for controlling the primary air quantity and the primary air pressure of the inlet of the coal mill according to claim 2, wherein the aerodynamic pressure and the static pressure are measured by adopting a backrest pipe and an electronic micro-pressure meter, and the temperature is measured by adopting a K-type armoured thermocouple which is qualified through verification and a point thermometer.
4. The method for controlling primary air quantity and primary air pressure of an inlet of a coal mill according to claim 3, wherein only primary air is cooled when the coal mill is stopped, the back tube is used for measuring the air speed in an outlet powder tube of the coal mill and calculating the primary air quantity of the inlet of the coal mill, and the air quantity is the actually measured air quantity.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the distributed control system sets the range of the air-to-coal ratio of less than 1.3 and greater than 2.3 as the alarm value.
6. The method for controlling the primary air quantity and the primary air pressure of the inlet of the coal mill according to claim 1, wherein the step S3 is characterized in that the maximum value of the coal feeding rates of all the coal mills is obtained through a high-selection algorithm block of the distributed control system, and the set value of the air pressure is output according to different coal feeding rate-air pressure functional relations respectively corresponding to the actual running number of the coal mills.
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| CN102425807B (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2014-04-16 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Combustion feedforward and feedback composite optimization controlling method for pulverized coal fired boiler |
| CN103495488B (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2015-03-11 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Full automatic control method and system for blast furnace pulverizing systems |
| CN103836639B (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2016-02-24 | 广东电网公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of primary air fan control method based on First air burner hearth differential pressure and device |
| CN104132367A (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2014-11-05 | 国家电网公司 | Method for controlling amount of coal conveyed into furnace of thermal generator set on basis of virtual fuel quantity |
| CN105699040B (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2018-02-09 | 国家电网公司 | Coal pulverizer inlet apparatus for measuring air quantity automatic Verification method and system |
| CN106019929B (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2019-03-05 | 南京化学工业园热电有限公司 | The unit pulverized-coal system that goes with each other all the time control method for coordinating |
| CN106196161B (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2018-06-26 | 河北省电力建设调整试验所 | A kind of boiler load control design case method based on continuous variable primary air pressure |
| CN107191964B (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2019-03-15 | 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of method and device of the quick optimal-search control of Thermal generation unit First air |
| CN107812598B (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2024-01-12 | 华润电力（贺州）有限公司 | Powder preparation control system of double-inlet and double-outlet coal mill |
| CN109894251B (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2020-06-02 | 广东电科院能源技术有限责任公司 | Control method, device and equipment for primary air of coal-fired unit |
| CN110701634A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2020-01-17 | 上海发电设备成套设计研究院有限责任公司 | Primary air pressure control system and control method thereof |
| CN211146541U (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2020-07-31 | 靳虎 | Air-powder adjusting system for boiler pulverizing system |
| CN110976060A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-04-10 | 国网河北省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Dynamic separator adjusting method based on fly ash online monitoring device |
| CN112452521B (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2022-09-13 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Method for calibrating air volume coefficient of medium-speed coal mill inlet |
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