CN114178036A - Inlet primary air volume and primary air pressure control method of coal mill - Google Patents
Inlet primary air volume and primary air pressure control method of coal mill Download PDFInfo
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- CN114178036A CN114178036A CN202111201708.XA CN202111201708A CN114178036A CN 114178036 A CN114178036 A CN 114178036A CN 202111201708 A CN202111201708 A CN 202111201708A CN 114178036 A CN114178036 A CN 114178036A
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- coal
- primary air
- air volume
- inlet
- air
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C25/00—Control arrangements specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/18—Adding fluid, other than for crushing or disintegrating by fluid energy
- B02C23/20—Adding fluid, other than for crushing or disintegrating by fluid energy after crushing or disintegrating
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for controlling primary air volume and primary air pressure at an inlet of a coal mill, which comprises the following steps of S1, correcting the primary air volume coefficient at the inlet of the coal mill; s2, introducing an air-coal ratio measuring point into a distributed control system to which the coal mill belongs, wherein the air-coal ratio is the ratio of the corrected inlet primary air volume to the coal feeding rate of the coal feeder, and the distributed control system adjusts the opening of the hot air baffle according to the numerical change of the air-coal ratio; and S3, the distributed control system outputs a wind pressure set value through the relationship between the maximum coal feeding rate and the wind pressure function, and controls the primary wind pressure according to the wind pressure set value. According to the invention, the primary air quantity of the coal mill is re-calibrated, the primary air-coal ratio is optimally adjusted, the air-coal ratio measuring points are introduced into the distributed control system, and the over-value alarm is set, so that the relevant operation parameters of the coal pulverizing system are optimally adjusted, and the coal pulverizing system of the boiler in the thermal power industry can be operated more safely and economically.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of thermal power generation, in particular to a method for controlling inlet primary air volume and primary air pressure of a coal mill.
Background
In the direct-fired boiler, the pulverized coal is directly sent out by primary air after being pulverized by a coal mill, and the amount of the pulverized coal entering a hearth can be rapidly changed by changing the primary air quantity. When the coal type and the density are kept unchanged, the coal powder and the primary air quantity can be approximately in a linear proportional relationship, so that the coal feeding quantity of the coal mill can be controlled by the primary air quantity. The coal feeding amount is changed, and the primary air volume is changed, so that the response capability of the direct-blowing boiler can be improved, and the coordinated control of a unit is facilitated. However, when the unit is in normal operation, the automatically set value of the primary air volume which is too low or too high can cause adverse effects on the safety, stability, environmental protection and economic operation of the pulverizing system and the unit. Therefore, the most reasonable coal mill primary air quantity and primary air pressure control value aiming at the unit characteristics are calculated, formulated and optimized, and the method has important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a primary air inlet and primary air pressure control method of a coal mill, which is used for calibrating the primary air volume, leveling the air speed of an outlet powder pipe and optimizing the primary air-coal ratio.
The technical effect to be achieved by the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for controlling primary air volume and primary air pressure at an inlet of a coal mill comprises the following steps:
s1, correcting the inlet primary air quantity coefficient of the coal mill;
s2, introducing an air-coal ratio measuring point into a distributed control system (namely a DCS) to which the coal mill belongs, wherein the air-coal ratio is the ratio of the corrected inlet primary air quantity to the coal feeding rate of the coal feeder, and the distributed control system adjusts the opening of a hot air baffle according to the numerical change of the air-coal ratio;
and S3, the distributed control system outputs a wind pressure set value through the relationship between the maximum coal feeding rate and the wind pressure function, and controls the primary wind pressure according to the wind pressure set value.
Preferably, in step S1, the inlet primary air volume of each coal mill needs to be calibrated, and the actually measured air volume is compared with the dial air volume to obtain a correction coefficient.
Preferably, the inlet primary air volume coefficient is a ratio of an actually measured air volume to a dial air volume before correction, each coal mill is at least calibrated for high, medium and low air volumes to obtain at least three inlet primary air volume coefficients, and an average value of the inlet primary air volume coefficients is taken as a correction coefficient of the inlet air volume of the coal mill.
Preferably, the primary air volume at the inlet of the coal mill is measured in a cold state by adopting an equal-section grid method at a powder pipe measuring point at the outlet of the coal mill, and the items of measurement comprise air dynamic pressure, static pressure and temperature at each measuring point.
Preferably, the air dynamic pressure and static pressure are measured by using a backrest pipe and an electronic micro-pressure meter, and the temperature is measured by using a K-shaped armored thermocouple which is qualified through calibration and a point thermometer.
Preferably, only cold primary air is introduced when the coal mill is shut down, the backrest pipe is adopted to measure the air speed in the coal mill outlet powder pipe and calculate the inlet primary air volume of the coal mill, and the air volume is the actually measured air volume.
Preferably, in step S2, the distributed control system sets the wind-coal ratio ranges smaller than 1.3 and larger than 2.3 as alarm values.
Preferably, in step S3, the maximum value of the coal feeding rates of all the coal mills is obtained through the high-selection algorithm block of the distributed control system, and then the set values of the wind pressures are output according to the actual number of the coal mills operating and respectively corresponding to different relationships between the coal feeding rates and the wind pressure functions.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the primary air quantity of the coal mill is re-calibrated, the primary air-coal ratio is optimally adjusted, and an air-coal ratio measuring point is introduced into a distributed control system (namely a DCS system) and an over-value alarm is set, so that the relevant operation parameters of the coal pulverizing system are optimally adjusted, and the coal pulverizing system of a boiler in the thermal power industry can be operated more safely and economically.
Drawings
Without the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
The following further describes the embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the description of the embodiments is provided to help understanding of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The embodiment provides a method for controlling primary air volume and primary air pressure at an inlet of a coal mill, which comprises the following steps:
s1, correcting the inlet primary air quantity coefficient of the coal mill;
s2, introducing an air-coal ratio measuring point into a distributed control system to which the coal mill belongs, wherein the air-coal ratio is the ratio of the corrected inlet primary air volume to the coal feeding rate of the coal feeder, and the distributed control system adjusts the opening of the hot air baffle according to the numerical change of the air-coal ratio;
and S3, the distributed control system outputs a wind pressure set value through the relationship between the maximum coal feeding rate and the wind pressure function, and controls the primary wind pressure according to the wind pressure set value.
Regarding step S1, since accurate primary air volume measurement is a prerequisite and basis for accurate control of the whole boiler pulverizing system and combustion system, the primary air volume at each coal mill inlet must be calibrated. The invention obtains the correction coefficient by comparing the actually measured air volume value with the dial value. However, most of the current test sites do not have the test conditions for thermal calibration of the primary air duct at the inlet of the coal mill, so the embodiment only needs to be calibrated by cooling once when the coal mill is shut down, and the primary air volume at the inlet of the coal mill is calculated by measuring the air speed of the powder pipe at the outlet of the coal mill.
In this embodiment, the primary air volume at the inlet of the coal mill is measured in a cold state at the powder pipe measuring point at the outlet of the coal mill by using an equal cross-section grid method, and the items to be measured include the air dynamic pressure, static pressure and temperature at each measuring point.
Specifically, instruments used for measuring dynamic pressure in wind speed measurement are a checked backrest tube and an electronic micro-manometer, and a method for dividing measuring points is an equal section method. The dynamic pressure values of grid points of each section are respectively measured by using a backrest tube, so that the average dynamic pressure value Pd (unit Pa) of the section of each measuring point is obtained, and the static pressure value Ps (unit Pa) of the section of each measuring point of each grid is measured.
1) The following are measurements of wind speed and wind volume
The wind speed of the measured section is calculated by the formula (6-1):
in the formula:
v is the wind speed of the section to be measured, m/s;
Pd-average dynamic pressure value, Pa, of the whole section;
rho-P measurementdThe density of the gas flow in the cross section, kg/m 3;
Kd-dynamic pressure determination of tube coefficients.
Average dynamic pressure P of the entire cross sectiondCalculated by equation (6-2):
in the formula:
Pd1,Pd2......Pdn-dynamic pressure value, Pa, at each measuring point;
n is the total number of the measuring points of the whole measuring section.
The air density of the measurement section is calculated by the formula (6-3):
in the formula:
ρ -air density of the measurement cross section, kg/m 3;
t-temperature of the medium at the measurement section, DEG C;
Pd-local actual atmospheric pressure, Pa, at the time of measurement;
ps-measuring cross-sectional static pressure, Pa;
ρ0the air density in the standard state is 1.293kg/m3。
The actual air volume of the measured cross section is calculated by equation (6-4):
Q＝ρvA (6-4)
in the formula:
q-actual air volume of the measured section, kg/s;
a-area of cross section measured, m3。
2) The following is the calculation of the flow coefficient and coefficient deviation
The flow coefficient and coefficient deviation are calculated as shown in equation (6-5) and equation (6-6):
Y＝Qs/Qb (6-5)
in the formula:
y is the flow coefficient;
qs is actually measured air quantity, t/h;
qb-dial air volume, t/h;
RSD — coefficient deviation,%;
Yi-flow coefficient for a single condition;
Each coal mill needs to calibrate the flow coefficient Y under high, medium and low air flows respectivelyiThen taking the inlet primary air volume coefficient YiAverage value of (2)
And the correction coefficient is used as the correction coefficient Y of the inlet air quantity of the coal mill.
The primary air quantity at the inlet of the coal mill is an important operation control parameter, not only determines the primary air speed, but also is closely related to the combustion effect. Therefore, in the embodiment, the dial primary air quantity value is corrected by the calculated air quantity correction coefficient Y, so that the dial primary air quantity more truly reflects the actual air quantity, and the purpose of accurately monitoring the air quantity is achieved.
Further, in this embodiment, the corrected primary air volume is used to optimize the air-coal ratio, which is the ratio of the corrected inlet primary air volume to the coal feeding rate of the coal feeder, and in step S2, an air-coal ratio measurement point is introduced to the distributed control system, the opening of the hot air baffle may be adjusted according to the change of the value of the air-coal ratio, when the air-coal ratio is increased, it indicates that the primary air volume at the mill inlet is too large, and the distributed control system indicates to turn off the hot primary air damper, otherwise, it is turned on. By the arrangement, the primary air volume can be flexibly adjusted in a fine mode along with the change of the grinding output force, and fine operation and running of the whole powder making system are facilitated.
In addition, in step S2, in this embodiment, an extreme value alarm is set for the wind-coal ratio measurement point, and the wind-coal ratio ranges smaller than 1.3 and larger than 2.3 are set as alarm values, and when the real-time wind-coal ratio reaches the alarm value, the distributed control system sends out a warning signal, so that an operator can monitor the operation condition of the coal mill conveniently, and adjust the operation condition in time.
Step S1 and S2 complete the calibration of the primary air volume, and as the air volume at the inlet of the coal mill increases, the pressure loss of the pipeline also increases, and to balance the loss, the hot air pressure setting value of the coal mill needs to be increased, for this, step S3 of this embodiment takes out the maximum value of the coal feeding rates of all the coal mills from a plurality of coal feeding rate input quantities through the high selection algorithm block of the distributed control system, and then outputs the setting value of the air pressure according to the actual number of operating coal mills and corresponding to different coal feeding rate-air pressure functional relationships.
In this embodiment, the relationship between the coal feeding rate and the wind pressure function is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
x is the coal feeding rate;
f (x) -wind pressure set value, kPa.
The adjusting mode of the step S3 improves primary air pressure under partial working conditions, can ensure that all coal powder of the coal mill can be timely conveyed to a hearth, and quickly responds to the load of the unit.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and the scope of the invention is to be accorded the full scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A method for controlling primary air volume and primary air pressure at an inlet of a coal mill is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, correcting the inlet primary air quantity coefficient of the coal mill;
s2, introducing an air-coal ratio measuring point into a distributed control system to which the coal mill belongs, wherein the air-coal ratio is the ratio of the corrected primary air volume to the coal feeding rate of the coal feeder, and the distributed control system adjusts the opening of a hot air baffle according to the numerical change of the air-coal ratio;
and S3, the distributed control system outputs a wind pressure set value through the relationship between the maximum coal feeding rate and the wind pressure function, and controls the primary wind pressure according to the wind pressure set value.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S1, the inlet primary air volume and the primary air pressure of each coal mill are calibrated, and the measured air volume is compared with the dial air volume to obtain the correction factor.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the inlet primary air volume and primary air pressure control method is characterized in that the inlet primary air volume coefficient is a ratio of an actually measured air volume to a corrected front dial air volume, each coal mill is calibrated for at least three high, medium and low air volumes to obtain at least three inlet primary air volume coefficients, and an average value of the inlet primary air volume coefficients is taken as a correction coefficient of the inlet air volume of the coal mill.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the primary air inlet volume and the primary air pressure of the coal mill are measured in a cold state by a uniform cross-section grid method at a powder pipe measuring point at an outlet of the coal mill, and the items of measurement include air dynamic pressure, static pressure and temperature at each measuring point.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the dynamic and static air pressures are measured using a back tube with an electronic micro-pressure gauge, and the temperatures are measured using a certified K-type sheathed thermocouple with a point thermometer.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein only a cool primary air is introduced during shutdown of the coal pulverizer, the backrest tube is used to measure the air velocity in the outlet pulverizer duct of the coal pulverizer and calculate the inlet primary air volume of the coal pulverizer, and the air volume is the measured air volume.
7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S2, the distributed control system sets the range of wind-coal ratio less than 1.3 and greater than 2.3 as alarm value.
8. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S3 is implemented by obtaining a maximum value of coal feeding rates of all coal mills through a high selection algorithm block of the distributed control system, and outputting a set value of wind pressure according to actual number of coal mills operating in different coal feeding rate-wind pressure functional relationships.
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