CN114177796A

CN114177796A - Brown coal mixing device and stepping type brown coal drying machine

Info

Publication number: CN114177796A
Application number: CN202111438896.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李征; 龚汉保; 李晓刚; 冯涛
Original assignee: Jiangsu Lingyang Building Materials Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Jiangsu Lingyang Building Materials Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-11-29
Filing date: 2021-11-29
Publication date: 2022-03-15
Anticipated expiration: 2041-11-29
Also published as: CN114177796B

Abstract

The invention provides a mixing device and a stepping type brown coal drying machine, wherein the mixing device comprises a mixing rack, a rotating shaft, a mixing motor and mixing teeth; the rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the mixing rack, and the rotating axis of the rotating shaft is parallel to the plane of the grate bed and is vertical to the conveying direction of the lignite material layer; the mixing motor is arranged on the mixing rack and drives the rotating shaft to be connected; a plurality of mixing teeth are arranged on the rotating shaft and are in one-to-one correspondence with the grate bed; a plurality of toothed plates are arranged on the mixing teeth; in the rotating process of the rotating shaft, the entry point position of the toothed plate on the surface of the lignite material layer is located behind the exit point position of the toothed plate. According to the invention, part of the bottom layer of lignite can be lifted to the upper layer, and the original middle layer of lignite falls into the lower layer under the action of gravity, so that the lignite of the upper layer, the middle layer and the lower layer are uniformly mixed under the condition of not changing the thickness of the material layer at the original position, the heat exchange is better completed, the moisture content of the lignite after being dried is more uniform, the drying efficiency is improved, and the energy consumption, the coal consumption and the spontaneous combustion probability are reduced.

Description

Brown coal mixing device and stepping type brown coal drying machine

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of lignite upgrading equipment, and particularly relates to a lignite mixing device and a stepping lignite dryer.

Background

Because lignite is rich in volatile matter, it is easy to burn and smoke. The traces of the original wood (formed by gymnosperms) can be clearly seen on the section. Contains humic acid soluble in alkaline solution. The carbon content is 60-77%, the water content is large (15-60%), the volatile component is high (> 40%), and the humic acid is free. Therefore, the lignite can have better utilization value only after being upgraded;

the moisture of the lignite is reduced, so that the main approach of upgrading the lignite is provided;

in the actual use process, after the step-type lignite drying machine dries the lignite, the moisture difference between the lignite on the upper layer and the lignite on the lower layer of the grate bed is large, and the lower layer is easy to spontaneously combust due to long-time contact with high-temperature air.

Therefore, the technical staff in the field need to solve the problem how to make the drying efficiency of the stepping type lignite dryer higher, reduce the spontaneous combustion probability, make the moisture content of the dried lignite more uniform, and reduce the power consumption and the coal consumption of the system.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a brown coal compounding device and marching type brown coal drying-machine can improve drying efficiency, makes the water content of brown coal after the stoving more even, reduces the probability of system energy consumption, coal consumption and brown coal spontaneous combustion.

The invention is realized by the following steps: a lignite mixing device comprises a mixing rack, a rotating shaft, a mixing motor and mixing teeth; the rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the mixing rack, and the rotating axis of the rotating shaft is parallel to the plane of the grate bed and is vertical to the conveying direction of the lignite material layer; the mixing motor is arranged on the mixing rack and drives the rotating shafts to be connected; a plurality of mixing teeth are arranged on the rotating shaft and are in one-to-one correspondence with the grate bed; a plurality of toothed plates are arranged on the mixing teeth; in the rotating process of the rotating shaft, the tooth plate is located behind the outlet point of the lignite material layer at the inlet point of the lignite material layer surface.

Further, the mixing teeth comprise tooth plate supports, the tooth plate supports are mounted on the rotating shaft, and a plurality of tooth plates are vertically arranged on the tooth plate supports and are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction.

Further, the toothed plate supports in the mixing teeth are arranged in two numbers, the two toothed plate supports are arranged on the rotating shaft at a certain interval, and two ends of each toothed plate are connected with the corresponding toothed plate supports respectively.

Further, the rack bracket has three equal-angle radial portions, and the rack is provided with three and located at a position far away from the rotation axis on the corresponding radial portion.

Further, the pinion rack surface covers has the board of bending of wearing layer, and its department of bending extends to two not equidirectionals respectively and forms first plate body and second plate body, the length of first plate body is greater than the length of second plate body, and tip between them is relative the department of bending is close to axis of rotation, the second plate body is prior to first plate body gets into in the brown coal bed of material.

Further, the mixing teeth are rotatably arranged on the rotating shaft at the same included angle.

Furthermore, two bearing blocks are arranged on the mixer frame, a bearing is arranged in each bearing block, a motor support is arranged on one of the bearing blocks, and the mixing motor is arranged on the motor support; and two ends of the rotating shaft are respectively arranged in the corresponding bearings.

The invention also provides a stepping type brown coal dryer, which comprises a grate bed device, a hot air device and the mixing device, wherein the mixing rack is positioned above the grate bed device; the grate bed device comprises an air chamber, a grate bed frame and a driving device; the grate bed is arranged on the grate bed rack side by side and can move along the length direction of the grate bed, and the driving devices are arranged and are connected with the grate bed in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the air chamber is arranged below the grate bed and is in dynamic sealing connection with the grate bed through an upper sealing device; the hot air device provides hot air to each air chamber; the material turning device is arranged below the front end of the grate bed in the corresponding grate bed device to receive the lignite falling from the upper grate bed and send the pulverized coal to the grate bed of the lower grate bed device through turning.

Further, the grate bed in the grate bed device is provided with a first position and a second position located in front of the first position, the grate bed is synchronously moved from the first position to the second position, and the groups are moved from the second position to the first position.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the invention, the material mixing device is utilized to lift part of the bottom layer of lignite to the upper layer, and the original middle layer of lignite falls into the lower layer under the action of gravity, so that the lignite of the upper layer, the middle layer and the lower layer are uniformly mixed under the condition of not changing the thickness of the material layer at the original position, the heat exchange is better completed, the phenomenon that part of lignite is contacted with high-temperature hot air for a long time to generate nature is avoided, the moisture content of the dried lignite is more uniform, the drying efficiency is improved, and the energy consumption, the coal consumption and the spontaneous combustion probability are reduced.

2. According to the invention, the angle of the mixing teeth is rotationally arranged on the rotating shaft at certain intervals according to the number of the mixing teeth, so that the stress of the rotating shaft is more uniform, and the service life is prolonged.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a mixing device according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the structure taken along line A-A in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at I;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the structure taken along line B-B in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the structure taken along line C-C of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the structure taken along line D-D of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the structure taken along line E-E of FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the mixing device according to the present invention (the direction of the straight arrow is the moving direction of the grate, and the direction of the curved arrow is the rotating direction of the mixing teeth);

FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 8 at II;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of a lignite dryer according to the present invention (the mixing device is not shown);

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the connection between two adjacent grate devices in the lignite dryer shown in FIG. 10 (the direction indicated by the arrow indicates the moving direction of the grate);

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram illustrating the movement of the grate device of the lignite dryer shown in FIG. 10;

fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the stirring device in the lignite drying machine shown in fig. 10 (a material with a high density indicates a high water content, and vice versa indicates a low water content).

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.

As shown in fig. 1 to 13, the invention provides a stepping type lignite drying machine, which comprises a frame, wherein a stirring device 11, a mixing device, a grate device and a hot air device are arranged on the frame.

The material turning device 11 and the hot air device are both fixedly arranged, and the two grate bed devices are distributed in a stepped manner. The grate bed device comprises an air chamber 300, a carrier roller mechanism 12, a grate bed 1, a grate bed frame 14 and a driving device 13. The carrier roller mechanism 12 comprises carrier rollers 12.1 and carrier roller frames 12.2, the carrier roller frames 12.2 are installed on the machine frame, and a plurality of carrier rollers 12 are arranged on the carrier roller frames 12.2 along the length direction of the grate bed 1 and form rolling contact with the bottom surface of the grate bed 1. The grate bed 1 is provided with five grate bed frames 14 side by side and can move along the length direction of the grate bed under the support of the carrier rollers 12. Five driving devices 13 are fixedly arranged on the frame and are correspondingly connected with the grate bed 1 one by one. The air chamber 300 is fixedly arranged on the frame and is positioned below the grate bed 1, and the air chamber and the grate bed form dynamic sealing connection through an upper sealing device 2. The hot air unit supplies hot air into each of the air compartments 300. On one hand, the leakage of high-temperature hot air in the air chamber 300 to the outside of the air chamber 300 can be reduced through dynamic sealing connection, the heat utilization rate is improved, and the energy consumption is reduced. On the other hand, through a plurality of independent settings of comb bed device, the brown coal of every stoving stage all can be dried through high-temperature hot-blast, has improved drying efficiency. The material turning device 11 is arranged below the front end of the grate bed 1 in the corresponding grate bed device to receive the brown coal falling from the upper grate bed 1 and send the pulverized coal to the grate bed 1 of the lower grate bed device through turning.

As shown in fig. 9, the grate bed 1 comprises a grate. The grid net comprises a plurality of S-shaped grid plates 1.2, and the S-shaped grid plates 1.2 are arranged end to end in sequence and are not contacted with each other, so that a plurality of S-shaped air channels 100 are formed. The S-shaped grid plate 1.2 has the specific structure that: one side of the bending device is bent for the first time to form a first bending part 1.3, the other side opposite to the side is bent for the second time to form a second bending part 1.4, the bending angle and the bending direction of the first bending part 1.3 are the same as those of the first bending part 1.4, the bending angle of the second bending part 1.4 is 180 degrees with that of the first bending part, and the directions are opposite. The primary bending part 1.3 of one S-shaped grate plate 1.2 is positioned in the groove of the secondary bending part 1.4 of the other S-shaped grate plate 1.2, so that an S-shaped air duct 100 is formed.

As shown in fig. 13, the grate 1 in the grate device has a first position and a second position located in front of the first position, the grate 1 is synchronously moved from the first position to the second position, and the packets are moved from the second position to the first position. After the grate bed 1 in the grate bed device is at the second position, the material turning device 11 turns over 180 degrees. The speed of the grate bed 1 is relatively slow in the process of moving from the first position to the second position, so the lignite moves forwards along with the movement of the grate bed 1, but the speed of the grate bed 1 is relatively fast in the process of moving from the second position to the first position, so the position of the lignite in the space is basically unchanged under the action of inertia, but the position of the lignite on the grate bed 1 is changed, and the lignite can be continuously transported forwards through the step-by-step driving mode. Specifically, in the initial state, the five grate beds 1 receive the lignite at the first position, then synchronously move to the second position under the driving of the driving device 13, then the grate beds 1 numbered 1#, 3#, 5# are driven by the respective driving devices 13 to rapidly retreat to the first position so as to discharge the lignite at the respective front ends into the material overturning device 11, and then the grate beds 1 numbered 2#, 4# are driven by the respective driving devices 13 to rapidly retreat to the first position so as to discharge the lignite at the respective front ends into the material overturning device 11. At the moment, all the grate beds 1 return to the first position, then synchronously move to the second position again, when the second position is reached, the material turning device 11 turns 180 degrees to dump the lignite on the grate bed 1 of the next grate bed device, and then the same process is repeated to realize step-by-step alternate conveying.

As shown in fig. 1 and 8, the mixing device includes a mixing frame 4, a rotating shaft 11, a mixing motor 10, and mixing teeth 6. The mixing frame 4 is arranged on the frame and is positioned above the grate bed device. The rotating shaft 11 is rotatably installed on the mixing rack 4, specifically, two bearing blocks 7 are installed on the mixing rack 4, a bearing 5 is installed in each bearing block 7, a motor support 9 is installed on one bearing block 7, and the mixing motor 10 is installed on the motor support 9; both ends of the rotating shaft 11 are respectively installed in the corresponding bearings 5. The rotation axis of the rotating shaft 11 is parallel to the plane of the grate bed 1 and is vertical to the conveying direction of the lignite bed 200. The mixing motor 10 is installed on the mixing frame 4 and drives the rotating shaft 11 to be connected. Five mixing teeth 6 are arranged on the rotating shaft 11 and are arranged corresponding to the grate bed 1 one by one; a plurality of toothed plates 6.2 are arranged on the mixing teeth 6; in the process of rotating the rotating shaft 11, the tooth plate 6.2 is located behind the exit point position 202 of the entry point position 201 on the surface of the lignite bed 200. The brown coal raised by one turn of the mixing teeth 6 rotates only one part corresponding to the toothed plate 6.2, and the thickness of the brown coal material layer 200 at the position is not affected. The mixing device lifts part of the bottom-layer lignite to the upper layer, and the original middle-layer lignite falls into the lower layer under the action of gravity, so that the upper, middle and lower layers of lignite are uniformly mixed under the condition that the thickness of the material layer at the original position is not changed, heat exchange is better completed, the situation that part of lignite is contacted with high-temperature hot air for a long time to cause nature is avoided, the moisture content of the dried lignite is more uniform, the drying efficiency is improved, and the energy consumption, the coal consumption and the spontaneous combustion probability are reduced.

As shown in fig. 2, the mixing teeth 6 include two tooth plate supports 6.1, the two tooth plate supports 6.1 are installed on the rotating shaft 11, the two tooth plate supports 6.1 in the mixing teeth 6 are arranged on the rotating shaft 11 at a certain interval, and two ends of the tooth plate 6.2 are respectively connected with the corresponding tooth plate supports 6.1. The toothed plate support 6.1 shown has three equal angularly disposed spokes, and the toothed plate 6.2 is provided in three and is located in a position away from the axis of rotation on the corresponding spoke.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the outer surface of the toothed plate 6.2 is covered with a bending plate of a wear-resistant layer 6.5, the bending positions of the bending plate extend to two different directions to form a first plate body 6.3 and a second plate body 6.4 respectively, the length of the first plate body 6.3 is greater than that of the second plate body 6.4, the relative bending positions of the end parts of the first plate body and the second plate body are close to the rotation axis, and the second plate body 6.4 enters the lignite material layer 200 prior to the first plate body 6.3.

As shown in fig. 2, 4, 5, 6 and 7, five mixing teeth 6 are rotatably mounted on the rotating shaft 11 at the same included angle, preferably 24 °.

The material turning device 11 has the same function as the material mixing device, and as shown in fig. 10 and 11, the material turning device 11 comprises a material turning shaft 17, a material turning plate 15 and a material turning motor 16; the material turning shaft 17 is rotatably installed on the rack, one end of the material turning shaft is connected with a main shaft of the material turning motor 16 through a coupler, the material turning plates 15 are arranged in two and symmetrically installed on the material turning shaft 17, the outer sides of the material turning plates extend towards the upper side and the lower side respectively to form baffles, the baffles incline towards the direction of the material turning shaft 17, the upper half parts of the baffles are inclined to prevent materials from diffusing outwards in the turning process, so that the materials fall in strands when toppled over, and the materials are more intensively distributed on the lower-layer grate bed 1. In order to better control the material turning device 11, the material turning device 11 further comprises a detector which generates a detection signal after the grate bed 1 is at the second position, and the material turning motor 16 drives the material turning shaft 17 to turn in response to the detection signal.

As shown in fig. 13, the lignite on the grate bed 1 of the upper layer is layered under the action of the high-temperature hot air, that is, the lower layer material has a low water content due to the action of the high-temperature hot air firstly, and the temperature of the high-temperature hot air is gradually reduced along with the heat exchange, so that the water content of the upper layer material is high due to insufficient temperature after the high-temperature hot air acts on the upper layer material. After the material falls down one deck grate bed 1 through the upset of turning device 11, the upper and lower layer material of original can reverse, the material that the water content is high is located the lower floor and the material that the water content is low is located the upper strata, when drying on next grate bed 1 like this, the hot-blast lower floor material that can the water content is high of high temperature effectively dries, and after the heat exchange, the hot-blast upper material that the water content is low of temperature reduction is dried, can enough realize the even stoving of material of the stoving realization of high water content material, avoided the long-time hot-blast spontaneous combustion that causes of contact high temperature of low water content material, make full use of the heat and improve factor of safety.

According to actual measurement and calculation, the drying machine disclosed by the invention can be used for increasing the drying yield of the lignite by 5-10%; the power consumption of the system is reduced by 1-2 kWh/t; the coal consumption of the system is reduced by 1.5 kg/t-cl.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation and a specific orientation configuration and operation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected" and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate member, or they may be connected through two or more elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lignite mixing device is characterized by comprising a mixing rack (4), a rotating shaft (11), a mixing motor (10) and mixing teeth (6); the rotating shaft (11) is rotatably arranged on the mixing rack (4), and the rotating axis of the rotating shaft is parallel to the plane of the grate bed (1) and vertical to the conveying direction of the lignite material layer (200); the mixing motor (10) is arranged on the mixing rack (4) and drives the rotating shaft (11) to be connected; a plurality of mixing teeth (6) are arranged on the rotating shaft (11) and are in one-to-one correspondence with the grate bed (1); a plurality of toothed plates (6.2) are arranged on the mixing teeth (6); in the rotating process of the rotating shaft (11), the toothed plate (6.2) is located behind the outlet point position (202) of the inlet point position (201) on the surface of the lignite material layer (200).

2. A lignite mixing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixing teeth (6) comprise a toothed plate support (6.1), the toothed plate support (6.1) is mounted on the rotating shaft (11), and a plurality of toothed plates (6.2) are vertically arranged on the toothed plate support (6.1) and are uniformly distributed along a circumferential direction.

3. A lignite mixing device according to claim 2, characterized in that two toothed plate supports (6.1) are arranged in the mixing teeth (6), the two toothed plate supports (6.1) are arranged on the rotating shaft (11) at a certain interval, and two ends of the toothed plate (6.2) are respectively connected with the corresponding toothed plate supports (6.1).

4. A lignite mixing device according to claim 2, characterized in that the toothed plate support (6.1) has three equal angled radial portions, and the toothed plates (6.2) are provided with three and located at positions away from the rotation axis on the corresponding radial portions.

5. A lignite mixing device according to claim 1, wherein the outer surface of the toothed plate (6.2) is covered with a bending plate of a wear-resistant layer (6.5), the bending position of the toothed plate extends to two different directions to form a first plate body (6.3) and a second plate body (6.4), the length of the first plate body (6.3) is greater than that of the second plate body (6.4), the end parts of the first plate body and the second plate body are close to the rotation axis relative to the bending position, and the second plate body (6.4) enters the lignite material layer (200) before the first plate body (6.3).

6. A lignite mixing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixing teeth (6) are rotatably mounted on the rotating shaft (11) at the same included angle.

7. A lignite mixing device according to claim 1, characterized in that two bearing seats (7) are installed on the mixing rack (4), a bearing (5) is installed in each bearing seat (7), a motor bracket (9) is installed on one bearing seat (7), and the mixing motor (10) is installed on the motor bracket (9); and two ends of the rotating shaft (11) are respectively arranged in the corresponding bearings (5).

8. A stepping lignite dryer, which comprises a grate device and a hot air device, and is characterized by further comprising a lignite mixing device according to claim 1, wherein the mixing rack (4) is positioned above the grate device; the grate bed device comprises an air chamber (300), a grate bed (1), a grate bed frame (14) and a driving device (13); the grate bed (1) is arranged on the grate bed rack (14) in parallel and can move along the length direction of the grate bed (1), and the driving devices (13) are arranged in plurality and are connected with the grate bed (1) in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the air chamber (300) is arranged below the grate bed (1) and is in dynamic sealing connection with the grate bed (1) through an upper sealing device (2); the hot air device provides hot air into each air chamber (300); the material turning device (11) is arranged below the front end of the grate bed (1) in the corresponding grate bed device to receive the lignite falling from the upper grate bed (1) and send the pulverized coal to the grate bed (1) of the lower grate bed device through turning.

9. The step-by-step lignite dryer according to claim 8, characterized in that the grate bed (1) in the grate bed device has a first position and a second position located in front of the first position, the grate bed (1) is synchronously moved from the first position to the second position, and the groups are moved from the second position to the first position.