CN114172181A - Impact power and pulse power rapid stabilizing method based on two-stage type hybrid energy storage - Google Patents
Impact power and pulse power rapid stabilizing method based on two-stage type hybrid energy storage Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J2207/50—Charging of capacitors, supercapacitors, ultra-capacitors or double layer capacitors
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for rapidly stabilizing impact power and pulse power based on two-stage hybrid energy storage, which is used for sampling the output current of an energy storage converter; sampling a direct current bus voltage; sampling voltage and output current at two ends of a storage battery; sampling voltage and output current at two ends of the super capacitor; sampling the output voltage and current of the load side, and calculating to obtain the output power of the load side; dq conversion is carried out on the output current of the inverter; designing a control loop of direct current bus voltage of the energy storage converter, and establishing voltage and current double closed-loop control by means of an inverter; designing a distribution mode of output power of the storage battery and the super capacitor; separating the total output power of the energy storage side by using a low-pass filter; designing a DC/DC converter control loop of the energy storage converter; the energy storage converter adopting the control strategy is connected in parallel to the power distribution network, so that the impact power and the pulse power can be quickly stabilized. The method is beneficial to reasonably and efficiently realizing the rapid stabilization of the impact power and the pulse power.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power distribution network control, and particularly relates to a method for quickly stabilizing impact power and pulse power based on two-stage hybrid energy storage.
Background
With the continuous development of modern society, the load form of users is more and more diversified, the impact power and the pulse power problem of electric wire netting are increasingly prominent, and the impact power or the pulse power appearing in the distribution network for a long time can lead to the transmission line life-span to reduce.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for quickly stabilizing impact power and pulse power based on two-stage hybrid energy storage, which is favorable for reasonably and efficiently stabilizing the impact power and the pulse power.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a two-stage hybrid energy storage-based impact power and pulse power rapid stabilizing method comprises the following steps:
Step 7, taking ω t as a reference phase, and outputting current i to the invertercD-axis component i is obtained by dq transformationc_dAnd q-axis component ic_q；
Step 8, designing a control loop of the direct-current bus voltage of the energy storage converter, and establishing voltage and current double closed-loop control and a d-axis voltage reference value by means of an inverter
The feedback value is u for the DC bus voltage instruction valuedCurrent feedback value of ic_d(ii) a The q axis is controlled by a current single closed loop, the current reference value is 0, and the current feedback value is ic_q；
Step 9, designing a distribution mode of output power of the storage battery and the super capacitor; total power P output from energy storage sidestoBy negativePower carrying capacity PoRated power P of power gridgSubtracting and determining;
step 10, using low-pass filter pair PstoSeparating to obtain low-frequency power PlowAnd high frequency power Phigh；
Step 11, designing a DC/DC converter control loop of the energy storage converter; the storage battery DC/DC converter and the super capacitor DC/DC converter are controlled by a single current closed loop; current reference value of storage battery DC/DC converter
From PlowAnd ubatThe ratio of the feedback value is obtained as ibat(ii) a Super capacitor DC/DC converter current reference value
From PhighAnd uscThe ratio of the feedback value is obtained as isc；
And step 12, connecting the energy storage converters adopting the control strategy in parallel on a power distribution network, so that the impact power and the pulse power can be quickly stabilized.
Further, the sampled current icAs a feedback value of a current loop of the energy storage converter, the sampled voltage udAs a feedback value for the voltage loop of the energy storage converter.
Further, the sampled voltage ubatFor calculating a set value of a current loop of a DC/DC converter of a battery, a sampled current ibatThe battery outputs the same power as the required power by using PI control as a feedback value of a current loop of the battery DC/DC converter.
Further, the sampled voltage uscFor calculating the given value of the super capacitor DC/DC converter current loop and the sampled current iscAnd as a feedback value of a current loop of the super capacitor DC/DC converter, the super capacitor outputs the same power as the requirement by utilizing PI control.
Further, a d-axis voltage reference value
And setting the direct current bus voltage command value according to the actual voltage grade.
Further, the rated power P of the power gridgDetermined by the actual application requirements.
Furthermore, the method uses two-stage and hybrid energy storage and is combined with the control of an energy storage converter to realize the rapid stabilization of impact power and pulse power.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: aiming at the problem of impact power and pulse power caused by diversified user load forms, a two-stage hybrid energy storage-based impact power and pulse power rapid stabilizing method is provided, the method effectively exerts the advantages of hybrid energy storage, namely the high energy density of a storage battery and the high power density of a super capacitor are utilized, and the impact power and the pulse power are reasonably and efficiently stabilized. Meanwhile, based on a two-stage topological structure, the inverter is used for stabilizing the voltage of the direct current bus, the control problem caused by voltage reduction of the discharge rear end of the super capacitor is solved, the voltage input range of the direct current side is widened, the number of control loops of the energy storage side is reduced, the feedback control rate is improved, and the impact power and the pulse power are further quickly stabilized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a topological structure diagram of a two-stage hybrid energy storage converter attached to a power distribution network in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an inverter control according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of power distribution of hybrid energy storage according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a control block diagram of a battery DC/DC converter in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a control block diagram of a super capacitor DC/DC converter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a simulation result of the output power of the distribution network when there is no energy storage converter and the load generates pulse power in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a simulation result of the output power of the distribution network when the load generates pulse power and the energy storage converter is provided in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a simulation result of the output power of the distribution network after the impact load is put into operation when no energy storage converter is provided in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a simulation result of output power of the super capacitor and the storage battery after the impact load is input in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a simulation result of the output power of the distribution network after the impact load is put into operation in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The invention provides a topological structure and a control strategy aiming at the problems of impact power and pulse power brought by diversified user load forms, can quickly and effectively stabilize the impact power and the pulse power brought by a load, and has higher practical value and economic benefit.
Before describing the specific implementation steps, the variables used in this embodiment are described as follows:
(1)Poload power in an electric distribution network
(2)PgRated power output by power distribution network
(3)PstoTotal power required to be output at the energy storage side
(4)PlowLow-frequency power to be output from the energy storage side
(5)PhighHigh-frequency power required to be output at the energy storage side
(6)udVoltage of DC bus
(7)ubatVoltage across the battery
(8)uscVoltage across the super capacitor
(9)ic: output current of energy storage converter after passing through filter circuit
(10)ibatOutput current of storage battery
(11)iscOutput current of super capacitor
(12)ic_d: d-axis component of inverter output current transformed (rotated at angular frequency ω) to dq coordinate system
(13)ic_q: conversion of the inverter output current to the q-axis component of the dq coordinate system (rotation at an angular frequency ω)
As shown in fig. 1, according to the method for rapidly stabilizing impact power and pulse power based on the two-stage hybrid energy storage converter, aiming at the overall structure of the system shown in fig. 1, a power distribution network transmits power to a load, and the two-stage hybrid energy storage converter operates in a grid-connected manner to meet the requirements of impact power and pulse power on the load side. When the load power is suddenly changed, the impact power is detected and distributed by applying the method, and the impact power and the pulse power can be quickly stabilized by controlling the two-stage hybrid energy storage converter, so that the power sudden change of the power distribution network is prevented. The method realizes the effect of quickly stabilizing impact power and pulse power by hanging a two-stage hybrid energy storage converter in a power distribution network, and comprises the following specific implementation steps of:
And 2, measuring the power supply voltage phase omega t of the power distribution network by using the phase-locked loop to prepare for the subsequent coordinate transformation operation.
Step 7, taking ω t as a reference phase, and outputting current i to the invertercD-axis component i is obtained by dq transformationc_dAnd q-axis component ic_q。
Step 8, designing a control loop of the direct-current bus voltage of the energy storage converter, and establishing voltage and current double closed-loop control by means of the inverter, wherein as shown in figure 2, a d-axis voltage reference value
The feedback value is u according to the actual voltage level setting for the direct current bus voltage instruction valuedCurrent feedback value of ic_d(ii) a The q axis is controlled by a current single closed loop, the current reference value is 0, and the current feedback value is ic_q。
And 9, designing a distribution mode of output power of the storage battery and the super capacitor. Total power P output from energy storage sidestoBy load power PoRated power P of power gridgDetermined by subtraction, wherein the power rating P of the networkgDetermined by the actual application requirements.
Step 10, using low-pass filter pair PstoCarrying out the separationAs shown in fig. 3, a low frequency power P is obtainedlowAnd high frequency power Phigh。
And 11, designing a DC/DC converter control loop of the energy storage converter, wherein the storage battery DC/DC converter and the super capacitor DC/DC converter are controlled by adopting a single current closed loop. As shown in fig. 4, the reference value of the battery DC/DC converter current
From PlowAnd ubatThe ratio of the feedback value is obtained as ibat(ii) a As shown in FIG. 5, the super capacitor DC/DC converter current reference
From PlowAnd ubatThe ratio of the feedback value is obtained as isc。
And step 12, connecting the energy storage converters adopting the control strategy in parallel on a power distribution network, so that the impact power and the pulse power can be quickly stabilized.
The simulation results of fig. 6 to 10 verify the accuracy and reliability of the method of the present invention. As shown in fig. 6, when the power distribution network is not connected to the two-stage hybrid energy storage converter, the output power of the power distribution network generates pulses immediately when the load power shows pulse fluctuation. As shown in fig. 7, when the power distribution network is tied to the two-stage hybrid energy storage converter, the output power of the power distribution network does not pulsate any more and the pulse power is suppressed by rapidly controlling the two-stage hybrid energy storage converter when the load power pulsates. As shown in fig. 8, when the power distribution network is not connected to the two-stage hybrid energy storage converter, after the load generates impact power, the output power of the power grid also generates corresponding impact. As shown in fig. 9, when the power distribution network is connected to the two-stage hybrid energy storage converter, the super capacitor outputs high-frequency power corresponding to the load and the energy storage battery outputs low-frequency power corresponding to the load. As shown in fig. 10, when the power distribution network is tied to the two-stage hybrid energy storage converter, the power impact power of the power grid is suppressed by rapidly controlling the two-stage hybrid energy storage. The simulation result verifies the effectiveness and the practicability of the impact power and pulse power rapid stabilizing method based on the two-stage hybrid energy storage converter.
The method of the present invention is further described below.
The method aims at a three-phase power distribution network, impact power and pulse power generated by a load are detected and distributed, and the impact power and the pulse power are quickly stabilized by controlling a two-stage hybrid energy storage converter, so that power sudden change of the power distribution network is prevented.
Because the super capacitor has the problem that the voltage at the discharge rear end is reduced along with the reduction of the residual capacity, when the traditional single-stage topology is adopted, the voltage input range of the direct current side is limited, the method adopts a two-stage topology structure, as shown in figure 1, a storage battery and the super capacitor are connected to a direct current bus through a bidirectional DC/DC converter, and then the direct current bus is connected with an NPC three-level inverter. By using the two-stage topological structure, the voltage at the direct current side is changed into stable and controllable direct current bus voltage from the voltage at the variable super capacitor end, and the voltage input range of the direct current side is widened.
As shown in fig. 1, since the real-time active power of the load cannot be directly obtained by sampling, the load current i needs to be sampled from the load end in real timeoLoad voltage uoAnd further obtaining the active power. Because the PI controller has a poor effect on controlling the ac current, the three-phase ac current needs to be processed, so that the three-phase ac current is converted into two-phase dc current. The processing mode adopts dq conversion, so that a phase-locked loop is also needed to measure the power supply voltage phase ω t of the power distribution network.
After the sampling quantity required by detection is obtained, the load current i is converted by dqoAnd a load voltage uoAnd transforming to a dq coordinate system. Taking the current as an example, the conversion formula is as follows:
through the formula, the sampled load current ioLoad voltage uoConversion into a two-phase DC component iod，ioq，uod，uoq. At this moment, the load active power P at this moment can be obtained by applying the load active power PoThe calculation formula is as follows:
in step 8, in the control mode of the dc bus voltage, the method selects to stabilize the dc bus voltage by using the NPC three-level inverter, and as shown in fig. 2, first, the inverter output current i is obtained by samplingcD-axis component i is obtained by dq decompositionc_dAnd q-axis component ic_qEstablishing a voltage-current double closed-loop control by means of an inverter, a d-axis voltage reference value
The feedback value is u according to the actual voltage level setting for the direct current bus voltage instruction valuedCurrent feedback value of ic_d(ii) a The q axis is controlled by a current single closed loop, the current reference value is 0, and the current feedback value is ic_q。
Compared with the method for stabilizing the direct current bus voltage by using the energy storage side bidirectional DC/DC converter, the control loop number of the energy storage side is reduced, the bidirectional DC/DC converter is controlled by only one current loop, the feedback control speed is improved, the rapidity of specified power output is realized, the rapid stabilization of the impact power and the pulse power by the energy storage converter is better realized, meanwhile, the grid voltage is stable, and the effect of stabilizing the direct current bus voltage is better than that of stabilizing the direct current bus voltage by using the energy storage side bidirectional DC/DC converter.
Obtaining real-time load active power PoRated output power P of power distribution networkgThe output power instruction value P of the energy storage converter can be obtained after subtractionsto。
In order to realize rapidity of stabilizing impact power and pulse power, the method adopts an energy storage mode of hybrid energy storage, and compared with the traditional storage battery energy storage, the method increases the power typeThe super capacitor of the energy storage element can output instantaneous high power, makes up for the deficiency of low power density of the storage battery, and simultaneously, the storage battery as the energy type energy storage element can maintain high power output for a long time, and makes up for the deficiency of low energy density of the super capacitor. As shown in fig. 3, the output power command value P of the energy storage converter is setstoDecomposing the low-frequency power P by a low-pass filterlowAnd high frequency power Phigh. As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the characteristics of the hybrid energy storage are exhibited, and high-frequency power is distributed to the super capacitor with high power density and low energy storage density, and low-frequency power is distributed to the storage battery with high energy storage density and low energy storage density, and the designated power output of the storage battery and the super capacitor is realized by PI control.
In summary, under the topology and the control strategy of the present invention, after the impact power brought by the load is filtered and separated, the hybrid energy storage device is adopted to output the corresponding power respectively, so as to effectively exert the advantages of hybrid energy storage, and reasonably and efficiently realize the fast stabilization of the impact power and the pulse power by utilizing the high energy density of the storage battery and the high power density of the super capacitor. Meanwhile, based on a two-stage topological structure, the inverter is used for stabilizing the voltage of the direct current bus, the control problem caused by voltage reduction of the discharge rear end of the super capacitor is solved, the voltage input range of the direct current side is widened, the number of control loops of the energy storage side is reduced, the feedback control rate is improved, and the impact power and the pulse power are further quickly stabilized. Under the method, the two-stage hybrid energy storage converter can be used for quickly stabilizing the impact power and the pulse power of the power distribution network at a high utilization rate. The method is practical and feasible, has strong engineering application value and can generate better economic benefit.
The foregoing is directed to preferred embodiments of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A two-stage hybrid energy storage-based impact power and pulse power rapid stabilizing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, sampling output current i of an energy storage converterc；
Step 2, measuring a power supply voltage phase omega t of the power distribution network by using a phase-locked loop;
step 3, sampling the DC bus voltage ud；
Step 4, sampling the voltage u at two ends of the storage batterybatAnd an output current ibat；
Step 5, sampling the voltage u at two ends of the super capacitorscAnd an output current isc；
Step 6, sampling the output voltage u of the load sideoAnd current ioThe output power P of the load side is obtained by calculationo；
Step 7, taking ω t as a reference phase, and outputting current i to the invertercD-axis component i is obtained by dq transformationc_dAnd q-axis component ic_q；
Step 8, designing a control loop of the direct-current bus voltage of the energy storage converter, and establishing voltage and current double closed-loop control and a d-axis voltage reference value by means of an inverter
The feedback value is u for the DC bus voltage instruction valuedCurrent feedback value of ic_d(ii) a The q axis is controlled by a current single closed loop, the current reference value is 0, and the current feedback value is ic_q；
Step 9, designing a distribution mode of output power of the storage battery and the super capacitor; total power P output from energy storage sidestoBy load power PoRated power P of power gridgSubtracting and determining;
step 10, using low-pass filter pair PstoSeparating to obtain low-frequency power PlowAnd high frequency power Phigh；
Step 11, designing a DC/DC converter control loop of the energy storage converter; the storage battery DC/DC converter and the super capacitor DC/DC converter are controlled by a single current closed loop; current reference value of storage battery DC/DC converter
From PlowAnd ubatThe ratio of the feedback value is obtained as ibat(ii) a Super capacitor DC/DC converter current reference value
From PhighAnd uscThe ratio of the feedback value is obtained as isc；
And step 12, connecting the energy storage converters adopting the control strategy in parallel on a power distribution network, so that the impact power and the pulse power can be quickly stabilized.
2. The method for rapidly stabilizing impact power and pulse power based on two-stage hybrid energy storage as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sampled current i iscSampled voltage u as feedback value of current loop of energy storage converterdAs a feedback value for the voltage loop of the energy storage converter.
3. The method for rapidly stabilizing impact power and pulse power based on two-stage hybrid energy storage as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sampled voltage u isbatFor calculating a set value of a current loop of a DC/DC converter of a battery, a sampled current ibatThe battery outputs the same power as the required power by using PI control as a feedback value of a current loop of the battery DC/DC converter.
4. The method for rapidly stabilizing impact power and pulse power based on two-stage hybrid energy storage as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sampled voltage u isscFor calculating the given value of the super capacitor DC/DC converter current loop and the sampled current iscAs current loops in super-capacitor DC/DC convertersAnd a feedback value, wherein the super capacitor outputs the same power as the requirement by using PI control.
5. The method for rapidly stabilizing impact power and pulse power based on two-stage hybrid energy storage as claimed in claim 1, wherein d-axis voltage reference value
And setting the direct current bus voltage command value according to the actual voltage grade.
6. The method for rapidly stabilizing impact power and pulse power based on two-stage hybrid energy storage as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rated power P of the power gridgDetermined by the actual application requirements.
7. The method for rapidly stabilizing impact power and pulse power based on two-stage hybrid energy storage as claimed in claim 1, wherein the two-stage hybrid energy storage is used, and the control of the energy storage converter is combined to achieve rapid stabilization of impact power and pulse power.
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