CN114167621A - Naked eye 3D display device - Google Patents
Naked eye 3D display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114167621A CN114167621A CN202111485984.3A CN202111485984A CN114167621A CN 114167621 A CN114167621 A CN 114167621A CN 202111485984 A CN202111485984 A CN 202111485984A CN 114167621 A CN114167621 A CN 114167621A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
- G02B30/30—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving parallax barriers
- G02B30/31—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving parallax barriers involving active parallax barriers
Abstract
The invention discloses a naked eye 3D display device, which comprises at least one pointing type projection screen, a group of laser illumination light sources and a multi-view image display device, wherein the pointing type projection screen is arranged on the naked eye; a directional liquid crystal nano grating plate is arranged on the light emergent surface of the directional projection screen; the laser lighting source is a group of three-color circular polarization state lasers with uniform rotation direction; the laser scanning provides multi-view images, the projected three-color circularly polarized laser is modulated, pixels of the multi-view images correspond to pixels of a phase grating on the directional projection screen, the modulated three-color circularly polarized laser forms emergent light fields of different viewpoints after being transmitted through the directional projection screen and through the space, and the light fields of the multiple viewpoints form a horizontal observation window, namely, naked eye 3D display is realized. The invention has the advantages of no visual fatigue during observation, no limitation on observation position, 3D display resolution maintenance and easier fitting compared with the relief grating.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of 3D display, in particular to a naked eye 3D display device.
Background
The hologram is an image carrying amplitude and phase information, can truly reproduce three-dimensional information, does not generate visual fatigue, and has a three-dimensional effect independent of the distance of an observer. The principle of holographic display can be summarized as follows: the hologram can reproduce a three-dimensional virtual image or a three-dimensional real image in space, each point on the hologram transmits information to each direction of the space, and each observation point in the space can see the whole image. Alternatively, the image information is collected at the observation point by the light field transmission. Therefore, at different observation points in space, the whole images with different viewing angles should be seen without mutual interference. However, for decades, holographic displays have not become the mainstream of naked-eye 3D displays due to limitations of holographic recording materials, information content, and technical processes.
Super-view naked eye 3D display is an improvement based on multi-view naked eye 3D. The main difference is that the super-view three-dimensional display shortens the distance between two adjacent views, so that one eye of a person can see more than two views simultaneously. Therefore, the human eyes can observe continuous parallax, and the three-dimensional display effect of the image is ensured. In the common naked eye 3D display technology, the monocular focusing distance is not matched with the binocular convergence distance, so that the eyes are easy to fatigue, and after the super-visual angle method is adopted, the convergence adjustment contradiction can be solved, and the glasses are more suitable for being viewed by the eyes.
The super-view 3D display technology based on the diffraction optics is a good super-view three-dimensional display method, each view angle is controlled by adopting a nano-grating structure, the light regulation and control precision is high, crosstalk is not easy to generate, the structure is simple, the size is small, and the display terminal is suitable for being used as a portable display terminal. Is an effective method for ensuring the 3D display effect.
The biggest defect of the existing naked eye 3D display scheme is that parallax is discontinuous, and the 3D display effect is influenced. Meanwhile, in the current multi-view naked eye 3D display, the monocular focusing distance is not matched with the binocular convergence distance, so that the convergence adjustment contradiction is generated, and the eye fatigue is easily caused.
CN106556966B discloses a projection screen capable of reducing crosstalk, ensuring the continuity of parallax and reducing the conflict of convergence adjustment, but it is urgently needed to provide a naked eye 3D display device which is easier to attach, has higher circular polarization efficiency, high broadband diffraction efficiency and improved high-energy performance of wide-viewing angle diffraction efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
To solve the above technical problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a naked eye 3D display device.
The invention discloses a naked eye 3D display device, which comprises at least one pointing type projection screen, a group of laser illumination light sources and a multi-view image display device, wherein the pointing type projection screen is arranged on the naked eye; the laser illumination light source is a group of three-color circularly polarized lasers with red, green and blue laser wavelengths, and the uniform rotation direction is left-handed or right-handed; the laser lighting source is arranged at a position which is away from the back of the pointing type projection screen by a certain preset distance; the laser scanning provides multi-view images, the projected three-color circularly polarized laser is modulated, pixels of the multi-view images correspond to pixels of a phase grating on the directional projection screen, the modulated three-color circularly polarized laser forms emergent light fields of different viewpoints after being transmitted through the directional projection screen and through the space, and the light fields of the multiple viewpoints form an observation window, namely, naked eye 3D display is realized.
As a further improvement of the embodiment of the present invention, the phase grating includes a plurality of groups of pixel arrays, and each group of pixel arrays are embedded with each other according to the holographic imaging principle and distributed on the light emitting surface of the directional projection screen; the light emitted by the laser illumination light source is incident on the directional projection screen at a preset specific angle and position from the back of the directional projection screen, the light emitted by the pixels in the same group of pixel arrays on the directional projection screen is directed to the same viewpoint, and the whole visual angle image is imaged in a space right in front of the screen to form a convergence viewpoint; different groups of pixel arrays have different converging viewpoint positions.
As a further improvement of the embodiment of the present invention, the pixels of the directional liquid crystal nano grating plate include pixels corresponding to multi-view images in laser scanning, the pixels have liquid crystal nano grating combinations designed according to the holographic principle, and the liquid crystal nano grating combinations are a pixel array formed by a group of liquid crystal nano gratings or a plurality of groups of liquid crystal nano gratings, and are used for performing wavefront conversion on an incident light field and forming a convergence viewpoint in a space in front of a screen, so as to ensure that the view images do not crosstalk with each other in the space.
As a further improvement of the embodiment of the invention, the interior of the pixel of the nano grating contains a nano grating structure, and the mutual relationship between the period and the orientation angle of the nano grating in the pixel of the nano grating meets the holographic principle.
As a further improvement of the embodiment of the present invention, the directional liquid crystal nano-grating plate is prepared by the following steps, including:
s1, coating a layer of liquid crystal photo-alignment material on the transparent substrate;
s2, exposing and orienting the material in a lattice polarization interference exposure mode;
s3, coating a layer of liquid crystal polymer on the surface of the material according to the thickness of one half wavelength;
and S4, performing ultraviolet curing to form the directional liquid crystal nano grating plate.
As a further improvement of the embodiment of the invention, the directional liquid crystal nano grating plate is used for converging the light illuminating the images at various visual angles to the vicinity of an observation position and generating separated visual points in space to form an observation light field.
As a further improvement of the embodiment of the present invention, the multi-view convergence viewpoint is a light convergence point formed at different positions on a plane parallel to the screen and at a preset distance in front of the screen; the positions of the convergence viewpoints are horizontally arranged, vertically arranged or arranged in a two-dimensional array on a plane.
As a further improvement of the embodiment of the present invention, the incident angle of the light emitted by the laser illumination light source is defined as an included angle between a central light beam of the light and a normal line of a plane of the directional projection screen, the red, green and blue monochromatic lasers are arranged at different incident angles, the incident angle of the red laser is greater than the incident angle of the green laser, the incident angle of the green laser is greater than the incident angle of the blue laser, and the relationship between the incident angle and the wavelength satisfies a grating diffraction equation. In the invention, after three groups of monochromatic light sources emit light at different incident angles, the light with red, green and blue wavelengths are synthesized in the same direction to form a color stereo image after the light is emitted from the screen through the same group of pixel arrays on the directional projection screen and the beam combination effect of the liquid crystal nanometer grating. Similarly, the red, green and blue laser sources must be positioned such that the positions or viewpoints of the images of their three color images must coincide in space after they have finally passed through the directional projection screen. Thereby, the color realism of the color image is ensured.
The invention discloses a directional projection screen containing a liquid crystal nano grating pixel structure, wherein multi-view images on the screen are provided by laser scanning (projection), the directional projection screen converges the view images near observation positions respectively, and view points are separated in space to form a horizontally distributed observation light field (window). The pixels of the directional projection screen comprise sub-pixels corresponding to each view angle image, the sub-pixels comprise phase grating combinations designed according to the holographic principle, and the phase grating pixel array has the function of performing wave front conversion on the incident view angle image and forming a convergence viewpoint on a space right in front of the screen by parallel or divergent light illumination light. In essence, the holographic wavefront conversion imaging is performed, the viewing angle information is converted into phase viewing points, and different viewing angle images form a group of convergent light fields (multiple viewing points) to jointly form a horizontal viewing window, so that the viewing angle images are ensured not to be interfered with each other in space. Therefore, the visual fatigue can not be generated when the observation is carried out near or at the front and back positions of the window, and the stereoscopic impression of the image is real.
The invention also has the following beneficial effects:
1. the observed images have focusing effect at a space viewpoint and simultaneously carry amplitude and phase information, and crosstalk does not exist among the images with different viewing angles, so that visual fatigue is not generated during observation, and the observation position is not limited;
2. the red, green and blue laser light spots are projected onto the same group of pixel arrays from different angles in space, and the red, green and blue visual angle images are combined together on an emergent surface by utilizing the space multiplexing function of the liquid crystal nano grating pixel array, so that the sub-pixel array decomposition is only carried out on the visual angle images, the pixel decomposition is not carried out on colors, and the 3D display resolution is kept;
3. the mutual relation of the liquid crystal nanometer grating pixel arrays on the directional projection screen meets the holographic principle, and the light rays passing through the liquid crystal nanometer grating pixel arrays realize the wave front conversion and imaging of the light in a diffraction mode instead of a traditional diffusion type screen displayed by laser, so that the nanometer grating screen reduces the speckle effect of laser display and simultaneously keeps the advantages of high brightness, large breadth and wide color gamut of the laser display;
4. compared with the advantages of the relief grating, the invention is easy to be jointed, the circular polarization efficiency is more than 90%, the broadband diffraction efficiency is high (440-660nm), and the wide-viewing-angle diffraction efficiency is high (plus or minus 30 degrees).
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly introduced below;
fig. 1 is a schematic working diagram of a naked eye 3D display device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
the examples in the figures are represented as:
1-a directional projection screen; 2-laser lighting source; 3-a multi-view image display device; 4-directional liquid crystal nano grating plate; 5-red laser; 6-green laser; 7-blue laser.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a naked eye 3D display device, which comprises at least one pointing type projection screen 1, a group of laser illumination light sources 2 and a multi-view image display device 3, as shown in figure 1; the light-emitting surface of the directional projection screen 1 is provided with a phase grating and is constructed into a directional liquid crystal nano grating plate 4, the laser light source 2 is a group of three-color circularly polarized lasers with red, green and blue laser wavelengths, and the unified rotation direction is left-handed or right-handed; the laser illumination light source 2 is arranged at a position which is away from the back surface of the pointing type projection screen 1 by a certain preset distance; laser scanning provides multi-view images, and modulates the three-color circularly polarized laser that throws, corresponds the pixel of multi-view images with the pixel of the phase grating on directional projection screen 1, and the three-color circularly polarized laser after the modulation forms the emergent light field of different viewpoints through directional projection screen 1 and after the space propagation, and the light field of multi-viewpoint forms the horizontal observation window, realizes the bore hole 3D display promptly. In other alternative embodiments, other viewing windows may be formed.
In the embodiment of the invention, the phase grating comprises a plurality of groups of pixel arrays, and the pixel arrays of each group are mutually embedded according to the holographic imaging principle and are distributed on the light-emitting surface of the directional projection screen; light emitted by the laser illumination light source 2 is incident on the directional projection screen 3 at a preset specific angle and position from the back of the directional projection screen 3, light emitted by pixels in the same group of pixel arrays on the directional projection screen 3 is directed to the same viewpoint, and the whole visual angle image is imaged in a space right in front of the screen to form a convergence viewpoint; different groups of pixel arrays have different horizontally converging viewpoint positions.
Specifically, the pixels of the directional liquid crystal nano grating plate 4 include pixels corresponding to multi-view images in laser scanning, the pixels have a liquid crystal nano grating combination designed according to a holographic principle, and the liquid crystal nano grating combination is a pixel array formed by a group of liquid crystal nano gratings or a plurality of groups of liquid crystal nano gratings and is used for performing wave front conversion on an incident light field and forming a convergence viewpoint in a front space of a screen, so as to ensure that the multi-view images are not mutually interfered in the space.
Preferably, the interior of the pixel of the nano grating contains a nano grating structure, and the mutual relationship between the period and the orientation angle of the nano grating in the pixel of the nano grating meets the holographic principle.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the directional liquid crystal nano-grating plate 4 is prepared by the following steps:
s1, coating a layer of liquid crystal photo-alignment material on the transparent substrate;
s2, exposing and orienting the material in a lattice polarization interference exposure mode;
s3, coating a layer of liquid crystal polymer on the surface of the material according to the thickness of one half wavelength;
and S4, performing ultraviolet curing to form the directional liquid crystal nano grating plate.
The directional liquid crystal nano grating plate 4 is used for converging light illuminating images at various visual angles to the vicinity of an observation position, and generating separated viewpoints in space to form a horizontally distributed observation light field; the convergence viewpoint of the multiple visual angles is a light convergence point at different positions formed on a plane which is in a preset distance right in front of the screen and is parallel to the screen; the positions of the convergence viewpoints are horizontally arranged, vertically arranged or arranged in a two-dimensional array on a plane.
In the embodiment of the invention, the incident angle of the light emitted by the laser illumination light source is defined as the included angle between the central light beam of the light and the normal line of the plane of the pointing type projection screen, the red, green and blue monochromatic lasers are arranged according to different incident angles, the incident angle of the red laser 5 is larger than the incident angle of the green laser 6, the incident angle of the green laser 6 is larger than the incident angle of the blue laser 7, and the relationship between the incident angle and the wavelength satisfies the grating diffraction equation. In the invention, after three groups of monochromatic light sources emit light at different incident angles, the light with red, green and blue wavelengths are synthesized in the same direction to form a color stereo image after the light is emitted from the screen through the same group of pixel arrays on the directional projection screen and the beam combination effect of the liquid crystal nanometer grating. Similarly, the red, green and blue laser sources must be positioned such that the positions or viewpoints of the images of their three color images must coincide in space after they have finally passed through the directional projection screen. Thereby, the color realism of the color image is ensured.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the observed images have focusing effect at a space viewpoint and simultaneously carry amplitude and phase information, and crosstalk does not exist among the images with different viewing angles, so that visual fatigue is not generated during observation, and the observation position is not limited;
2. the red, green and blue laser light spots are projected onto the same group of pixel arrays from different angles in space, and the red, green and blue visual angle images are combined together on an emergent surface by utilizing the space multiplexing function of the liquid crystal nano grating pixel array, so that the sub-pixel array decomposition is only carried out on the visual angle images, the pixel decomposition is not carried out on colors, and the 3D display resolution is kept;
3. the mutual relation of the liquid crystal nanometer grating pixel arrays on the directional projection screen meets the holographic principle, and the light rays passing through the liquid crystal nanometer grating pixel arrays realize the wave front conversion and imaging of the light in a diffraction mode instead of a traditional diffusion type screen displayed by laser, so that the nanometer grating screen reduces the speckle effect of laser display and simultaneously keeps the advantages of high brightness, large breadth and wide color gamut of the laser display;
4. compared with the advantages of the relief grating, the invention is easy to be jointed, the circular polarization efficiency is more than 90%, the broadband diffraction efficiency is high (440-660nm), and the wide-viewing-angle diffraction efficiency is high (plus or minus 30 degrees).
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept thereof, and these changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A naked eye 3D display device is characterized by comprising at least one directional projection screen, a group of laser illumination light sources and a multi-view image display device; the laser illumination light source is a group of three-color circularly polarized lasers with red, green and blue laser wavelengths, and the uniform rotation direction is left-handed or right-handed; the laser lighting source is arranged at a position which is away from the back of the pointing type projection screen by a certain preset distance; the laser scanning provides multi-view images, the projected three-color circularly polarized laser is modulated, pixels of the multi-view images correspond to pixels of a phase grating on the directional projection screen, the modulated three-color circularly polarized laser forms emergent light fields of different viewpoints after being transmitted through the directional projection screen and through the space, and the light fields of the multiple viewpoints form an observation window, namely, naked eye 3D display is realized.
2. The naked-eye 3D display device according to claim 1, wherein the phase grating comprises a plurality of groups of pixel arrays, and the pixel arrays of a single group are mutually embedded according to a holographic imaging principle and are distributed on a light-emitting surface of the directional projection screen; the light emitted by the laser illumination light source is incident on the directional projection screen at a preset specific angle and position from the back of the directional projection screen, the light emitted by the pixels in the same group of pixel arrays on the directional projection screen is directed to the same viewpoint, and the whole visual angle image is imaged in a space right in front of the screen to form a convergence viewpoint; different groups of pixel arrays have different converging viewpoint positions.
3. The naked-eye 3D display device according to claim 1, wherein the pixels of the directional liquid crystal nano-grating plate comprise pixels corresponding to multi-view images in laser scanning, the pixels are provided with liquid crystal nano-grating combinations designed according to a holographic principle, and the liquid crystal nano-grating combinations are a group of liquid crystal nano-gratings or a pixel array formed by a plurality of groups of liquid crystal nano-gratings and are used for performing wave-front conversion on an incident light field and forming a convergence viewpoint in a space in front of a screen so as to ensure that the images at the view angles do not have crosstalk in the space.
4. The naked eye 3D display device according to claim 3, wherein the nano grating structure is contained inside the nano grating pixel, and the mutual relationship between the period and the orientation angle of the nano grating inside the nano grating pixel satisfies the holographic principle.
5. The naked eye 3D display device according to claim 1, wherein the directional liquid crystal nano-grating plate is prepared by the following steps comprising:
s1, coating a layer of liquid crystal photo-alignment material on the transparent substrate;
s2, exposing and orienting the material in a lattice polarization interference exposure mode;
s3, coating a layer of liquid crystal polymer on the surface of the material according to the thickness of one half wavelength;
and S4, performing ultraviolet curing to form the directional liquid crystal nano grating plate.
6. The naked-eye 3D display device according to claim 1, wherein the directional liquid crystal nano-grating plate is used for converging light illuminating images at various visual angles to the vicinity of an observation position and generating separated visual points in space to form an observation light field.
7. The naked eye 3D display device according to claim 2, wherein the convergent viewpoints of the multiple viewing angles are light ray convergence points at different positions formed on a plane parallel to the screen and at a preset distance in front of the screen; the positions of the convergence viewpoints are horizontally arranged, vertically arranged or arranged in a two-dimensional array on a plane.
8. The naked eye 3D display device according to claim 1, wherein the incident angle of the light emitted by the laser illumination light source is defined as an included angle between a light central beam and a normal line of a plane of the pointing type projection screen, the red, green and blue monochromatic lasers are arranged according to different incident angles, the incident angle of the red laser is larger than the incident angle of the green laser, the incident angle of the green laser is larger than the incident angle of the blue laser, and the relationship between the incident angle and the wavelength satisfies a grating diffraction equation.
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