CN114167615B - Image generation unit for generating images at different positions and AR HUD - Google Patents
Image generation unit for generating images at different positions and AR HUD Download PDFInfo
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- CN114167615B CN114167615B CN202111517370.9A CN202111517370A CN114167615B CN 114167615 B CN114167615 B CN 114167615B CN 202111517370 A CN202111517370 A CN 202111517370A CN 114167615 B CN114167615 B CN 114167615B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B2027/0192—Supplementary details
- G02B2027/0196—Supplementary details having transparent supporting structure for display mounting, e.g. to a window or a windshield
Abstract
The invention is suitable for the field of image generation, and provides an image generation unit and an AR HUD for generating images at different positions, wherein the image generation unit comprises a backlight source for providing a highlight light source, a display arranged at the position of a light outlet of the backlight source for forming a visible display image signal, a light guide plate arranged between the backlight source and the display and arranged at the back side of the display for deflecting a third imaging light beam in the propagation direction of the backlight source, a plane mirror arranged at the other side of the display and obliquely arranged at the front side of the display for reflecting a first imaging light beam, and a light converging mirror arranged at the front side of the display and arranged outside the coverage of the light guide plate and the plane mirror for reflecting a second imaging light beam and transmitting the third imaging light beam. The method aims at solving the technical problems that in the prior art, one image generation unit cannot divide different three display partitions on the same display screen and cannot realize different display content in different partitions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of image generation, and particularly relates to an image generation unit and an AR HUD for generating images at different positions.
Background
The automobile head-up display technology is an important component of the intelligent network-connected automobile which is currently developing widely at home and abroad, by the application and popularization of the head-up display HUD on the advanced BMW, the Benz and other high-end luxury brand automobiles, more and more factories and users recognize the importance of the head-up display technology of the automobile to safe driving, the driver can acquire important information such as automobile speed, navigation, road condition, automobile distance and the like without leaving the road, the unique display position and the suspension type transparent display effect are realized, and the displays at other positions on the automobile cannot be replaced, so the head-up display system is assembled on the new automobile for more factories to be used as effective configuration for improving the automobile safety.
In order to solve the problem of projection display of different information contents at different positions, the HUD is generally divided into a near view display layer and a far view display layer, wherein the near view display layer is mainly used for displaying speed, speed limit and auxiliary driving state information, the far view display layer is mainly used for displaying AR contents such as augmented reality navigation, collision early warning information and lane guidance arrow, and in order to realize such function partition display, two image generating units PGU are generally adopted in the current head-up display industry, and two independent light paths are respectively adopted to solve the problem; this causes problems of an increase in volume and cost.
In addition, AR HUD on the market at present needs to display AR content such as augmented reality navigation, collision early warning information, and a lane guiding arrow, in order to realize the effect of fusion display with the target on the road ahead, a visual effect of clinging to the ground needs to be realized, the far-image AR image layer of AR HUD at present is usually erected on the road ahead, and the visual effect of approximate ground is simulated by adopting a 3D modeling method and through special treatment on the size of the arrow and the effect of light and shadow, but the actual ground pasting effect displayed on the erected image layer is not ideal.
In the prior art, in order to solve the problem of projection display of different information contents in different areas, a head-up display (HUD) is mostly a multi-screen multi-light path scheme, i.e. a plurality of image generating units are established, and one-to-one correspondence between different display areas and different HUD layers is realized in a mode of a plurality of display screens and different imaging positions.
The above technical solution, although capable of satisfying the requirements of the AR HUD for displaying different contents in different position layers, has the following problems: the complexity of the HUD system is increased, the product volume of the AR HUD is increased, and the cost of the AR HUD system is also increased; in order to achieve a visual effect of clinging to the ground in a layer erected on the ground, a 3D modeling method is generally adopted, and the visual effect of approximate clinging to the ground is simulated by special treatment on the size and the shadow effect of the arrow, but the actual clinging effect of an image displayed on the AR layer erected on the ground is not ideal.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an image generation unit and an AR HUD for generating images at different positions, and aims to solve the technical problem that in the prior art, one image generation unit cannot divide different three display partitions on the same display screen and cannot realize different display content in different partitions.
The invention is realized in that the image generating unit generates images at different positions, and comprises a backlight source for providing a highlight light source, a display arranged at the position of a light outlet of the backlight source and used for forming visible display image signals, a light guide plate arranged between the backlight source and the display and arranged at the left side or the right side of the back of the display and used for deflecting a third imaging light beam in the propagation direction of the backlight source, a plane mirror arranged at the right side or the left side of the display and obliquely arranged at one side of the front of the display and used for reflecting a first imaging light beam, and a light combining mirror arranged at one side of the front of the display, close to the middle part and arranged outside the coverage of the light guide plate and the plane mirror and used for reflecting a second imaging light beam and transmitting the third imaging light beam; and the propagation directions of the first imaging light beam reflected by the plane reflecting mirror, the second imaging light beam reflected by the light combining mirror and the third imaging light beam transmitted by the light combining mirror are the same.
The invention further adopts the technical scheme that: the light guide plate is a saw-tooth light guide plate with a plane lower surface and saw-tooth arrangement upper surface, each saw-tooth strip consists of two sloping surfaces, all saw-tooth strips are coated with a reflecting film towards the sloping surface in the same side direction, and the sloping surface is transparent towards the sloping surface in the other side direction.
The invention further adopts the technical scheme that: the light guide plate is made of transparent acrylic or PC material or COC material or glass.
The invention further adopts the technical scheme that: the plane reflecting mirror is a plane reflecting mirror with one surface plated with a reflecting film.
The invention further adopts the technical scheme that: the light combining lens is a light combining lens which is formed by combining two transparent triangular prism lenses in a fitting way, has a reflecting function for lower incident light beams and a transmitting function for side incident light beams, and can combine two light beams in different directions into one direction to be emitted.
The invention further adopts the technical scheme that: the backlight is a HUD backlight.
The invention further adopts the technical scheme that: the display is a TFT display or an LCos display or a DLP display or a MEMSS laser projection display.
It is another object of the present invention to provide an AR HUD further comprising a relay reflection unit for reflecting an imaging beam.
The invention further adopts the technical scheme that: the relay reflection unit is a relay reflection lens or a relay reflection lens group.
The invention further adopts the technical scheme that: the concave reflecting unit is a concave reflecting lens or a concave reflecting lens group.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the image generation unit can realize the segmentation treatment of the image light beams by using the plane reflecting mirror, the light combining mirror and the serrated light guide plate, and can realize the three-optical imaging effect of different positions in the same time domain by using one set of light path structure, so that the physical adaptability of the head-up display system is stronger, the market application range is wider, the popularization of the automobile head-up display system is accelerated, the safety of driving automobiles is improved, and obvious economic and social benefits are brought; the method comprises the steps of dividing a display screen into three different display areas by an image generating unit, realizing the heterogeneity of display contents in the different areas, rearranging and superposing the contents of the different display areas through the reflection function and the transmission function of a plane reflector, a light combining mirror and a serrated light guide plate, directionally reflecting the contents to a relay reflector to realize a single image generating unit, and obtaining object image sources at three different positions through light splitting; the image is amplified and zoomed out through the concave reflecting lens, and is projected onto a windshield, and finally converged on the eyes of a driver, a near-image layer, a long-range AR layer erected on a road surface and an AR layer parallel to the road surface are displayed in front of an automobile, so that the occupied space of a system is greatly saved, the whole volume of the AR HUD is miniaturized, and the material cost of a product is reduced; in addition, the problem that the AR display content of the AR HUD cannot be displayed in a sticking way is solved: the object image sources at three different positions form three different display layers on the road surface in front through the projection display of the AR HUD light path, wherein the first close-range display layer is used for displaying the speed, the speed limit and the auxiliary driving state information, the second display distant view layer is close to the road surface and is used for displaying the image floating above the road surface, the third display distant view layer is parallel to the AR layer of the road surface and is used for displaying the augmented reality contents of the road surface, such as the lane lines, the lane guide arrows and the like, which are clung to the road surface, and the augmented reality display effect of being closer to the road surface is realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of an image generating unit for generating images of different positions according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a planar mirror of an image generating unit for generating images of different positions according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a combiner of an image generation unit for generating images of different positions according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic imaging diagram of an AR HUD according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference numerals: 1-backlight source 2-light guide plate 3-display 4-first imaging light beam 5-second imaging light beam 6-third imaging light beam 7-plane mirror 8-light combining mirror 9-relay reflection unit 10-concave reflection unit.
Fig. 1-3 show an image generating unit for generating images of different positions, the image generating unit comprises a backlight source 1 for providing a highlight light source, a display 3 arranged at the position of a light outlet of the backlight source 1 for forming a visible display image signal, a light guide plate 2 arranged between the backlight source 1 and the display 3 and arranged at the left side or the right side of the back of the display 3 for deflecting a third imaging light beam 6 in the propagation direction of the backlight source, a plane mirror 7 arranged at the right side or the left side of the display 3 and obliquely arranged at the front side of the display 3 for reflecting the first imaging light beam 4, and a light combining mirror 8 arranged at the front side of the display 3 near the middle part and arranged outside the coverage of the light guide plate 2 and the plane mirror 7 for reflecting the second imaging light beam 5 and transmitting the third imaging light beam 6; the plane mirror 7 is a plane mirror with one surface plated with a reflecting film; the light combining lens 8 is a tetragonal body structure formed by bonding two transparent triangular prism lenses, has a reflection function for incident light beams at the lower side, has a transmission function for incident light beams at the side, and can combine light beams at two different directions into one direction to be emitted, the light combining lens 8 is a tetragonal body formed by bonding two triangular prism lenses together, light rays are incident from the lower side of the light combining lens 8, and after bonding the two triangular prism lenses together, a total internal reflection surface is formed at the diagonal part of the tetragonal body of the light combining lens 8, the light rays incident from the lower side are totally reflected to the left side to exit, and the light rays incident from the right side of the light combining lens 8 can completely penetrate the light combining lens 8 to be emitted from the left side to exit; the backlight source 1 is a HUD backlight source, the HUD backlight source is composed of an LED lamp panel and a plurality of optical reflectors or lenses, the shell is an irregular geometric body composed of plastic or aluminum alloy and is used for producing high-brightness light beams and providing high-brightness light sources for imaging devices such as TFTs and the like; the display 3 is a TFT display or an LCos display or a DLP display or a MEMS laser projection display, and a TFT display with a wide viewing angle function (with a viewing angle of more than 30 degrees cone angle) is preferable in a flat display because the TFT display with the wide viewing angle function facilitates the incidence of a backlight under the TFT display at a large angle and forms an effective visible light beam.
The light guide plate 2 is a saw-tooth light guide plate with a plane lower surface and saw-tooth arrangement upper surface, each saw-tooth strip consists of two sloping surfaces, all saw-tooth strips are coated with a reflecting film on the sloping surface facing the same side direction, and the sloping surface is transparent on the sloping surface facing the other side direction. The light guide plate 2 is made of transparent acrylic or PC material or COC material or glass. One slope of the light guide plate 2 is used for reflecting light emitted from above, and the other slope maintains light transmittance for light emission.
Fig. 4 shows an AR HUD comprising the above-described image generating unit, the AR HUD further comprising a relay reflecting unit 9 for reflecting the imaging light beam, and a concave reflecting unit 10 for reflecting the imaging light beam and zooming in; the relay reflection unit 9 is a relay reflection lens or a relay reflection lens group; the concave reflecting unit 10 is a concave reflecting mirror or a concave reflecting mirror group.
The light guide plate 2 is disposed on the right side or the left side in the light outlet of the backlight 1, when the imaging beam is directed to the left side of the backlight 1, the light guide plate 2 is disposed on the right side, and when the imaging beam is directed to the right side of the backlight 1, the light guide plate 2 is disposed on the left side, and the following description will be given by taking the placement on the right side as an example: the illumination beam passing through the light guide plate 2 part is reflected to the upper left direction of the backlight 1, the original direction of the backlight 1 which does not pass through the light guide plate 2 part is still kept, the display 3 is arranged at the position of the light outlet of the backlight 1, when the display 3 is electrified to input image signals, the display 3 selectively allows the lower backlight to pass through to form visible display image signals, because part of the illumination beam emitted by the lower backlight 1 is reflected by the light guide plate 2 to change direction and is emitted to the upper left of the backlight 1, the part of the light still keeps the original direction after penetrating the display 3, the part of the light contains image information and position information and forms a third imaging beam 6, other beams continue to be emitted to the upper left direction of the backlight 1, and the beams which do not cover the area of the light guide plate 2 still keep the original direction, after penetrating the display 3, the imaging light beam containing the image information and the position information is continuously emitted to the direction right above, a plane mirror 7 is obliquely arranged at the left part of the display, the lower edge of the plane mirror 7 is contacted with the display 3, the part of the first imaging light beam 4 below the plane mirror 7 is reflected to the left and keeps the same direction with the third imaging light beam 6, a light combining mirror 8 is arranged at the near middle part of the display 3 display plane, a light combining mirror 8 is contacted with the display 3 outside the area covered by the plane mirror 7 and the light guide plate 2, the second imaging light beam 5 emitted by the display area is emitted from the lower part of the light combining mirror 8, the light beam emitted upwards from the lower Fang Beiguang source 1 is reflected to the left and the upper part of the backlight 1 and keeps the same direction with the third imaging light beam 6 due to the reflection characteristic of the light combining mirror 8, at the same time, the third imaging beam 6 is transmitted through the light combining lens 8, and is continuously emitted to the upper left of the backlight 1 along the original direction.
In summary, the first imaging light beam 4 and the second imaging light beam 5 have the same propagation direction, each contains different image content information and different virtual image plane position information, and the two virtual image planes are approximately parallel and are approximately perpendicular to the light propagation direction; the third imaging beam 6 has the same propagation direction as the two beams, contains independent image content information, the height and width of the virtual image plane of the third imaging beam 6 and the height and width of the second imaging beam 5 are similar, the light path position and the size are basically overlapped with the second imaging beam 5, the included angle between the object image plane in the third imaging beam 6 and the virtual image plane of the second imaging beam 5 is more than 10 degrees and less than 170 degrees, and the three imaging beams are all directed to the relay reflection lens or the relay reflection lens group of the AR HUD along the same direction.
The relay reflection lens or the relay reflection lens group reflects imaging light beams containing three different contents, different object image surface positions and different object image surface placement directions to the AR HUD concave reflection lens or the concave reflection lens group, the three imaging light beams can be reflected by two or more than two different concave reflection lens groups through the same concave reflection lens, and the imaging light beams are reflected to the automobile windshield after the optical effect of zooming in through the concave reflection lens or the concave reflection lens group, finally the imaging light beams are converged at the eyes of a driver and are respectively formed into virtual images at three different positions on the road surface in front of the windshield: wherein the first virtual image plane formed by the first imaging light beam 4 on the road surface is nearest to the driver and is approximately perpendicular to the optical axis formed by the sight line of the driver and the central point of the first virtual image plane; wherein the second imaging light beam 5 finally forms a second virtual image plane on the road surface, which is farther from the driver than the first virtual image plane, and is approximately perpendicular to an optical axis formed by the sight line of the driver and the center point of the second virtual image plane; wherein the third imaging beam 6 eventually forms a third virtual image plane on the road surface farther from the driver than the second virtual image plane, and forms an angle of between 10 degrees and 170 degrees with the second virtual image plane, with a near-plane in front of the road surface being the best option.
The method comprises the steps that an image generating unit capable of generating images at different positions is applied to an AR HUD, three virtual images at different positions are finally displayed on a road surface in front of a driver, the AR HUD can be placed at a position near an instrument desk or a center console, or can be placed below a windshield, a light source of a backlight source 1 and a display 3 are electrified, meanwhile, the display 3 is lightened by a proper driving signal, the display 3 is restrained by modulation of a light guide plate 2, a plane reflecting mirror 7 and a light combining mirror 8, and one beam of imaging light is divided into three beams, wherein the light guide plate 2, the plane reflecting mirror 7 and the light combining mirror 8 can be of an integrated structure combined with the backlight source 1 and the display 3, and can be of a separated structure; the three light beams (a near view light beam, a far view vertical image light beam and a far view horizontal image light beam) carry corresponding image information and position information, are modulated by the relay reflection unit and the concave reflection unit and are mapped onto the inner side reflection surface of the windshield, so that the three light beams are captured by eyes of a driver, and the effect that three images (a near view 1 image and a far view 2 image) appear at different positions simultaneously is formed in the eyes of the driver.
The image generation unit can realize the segmentation treatment of the image light beams by using the plane reflecting mirror, the light combining mirror and the serrated light guide plate, and can realize the three-optical imaging effect of different positions in the same time domain by using one set of light path structure, so that the physical adaptability of the head-up display system is stronger, the market application range is wider, the popularization of the automobile head-up display system is accelerated, the safety of driving automobiles is improved, and obvious economic and social benefits are brought; the method comprises the steps of dividing a display screen into three different display areas by an image generating unit, realizing the heterogeneity of display contents in the different areas, rearranging and superposing the contents of the different display areas through the reflection function and the transmission function of a plane reflector, a light combining mirror and a serrated light guide plate, directionally reflecting the contents to a relay reflector to realize a single image generating unit, and obtaining object image sources at three different positions through light splitting; the image is amplified and zoomed out through the concave reflecting lens, and is projected onto a windshield, and finally converged on the eyes of a driver, a near-image layer, a long-range AR layer erected on a road surface and an AR layer parallel to the road surface are displayed in front of an automobile, so that the occupied space of a system is greatly saved, the whole volume of the AR HUD is miniaturized, and the material cost of a product is reduced; in addition, the problem that the AR display content of the AR HUD cannot be displayed in a sticking way is solved: the three different display layers are formed on the road surface in front through the projection display of the AR HUD light path, wherein the first close-range display layer is used for displaying the speed, the speed limit and the auxiliary driving state information, the second long-range display layer is close to the road surface and is used for displaying the image floating above the road surface, the third AR layer parallel to the road surface is used for displaying the augmented reality contents of the road surface, such as lane lines, lane guide arrows and the like, which are clung to the road surface, the augmented reality display effect which is closer to the road surface is achieved, the structural design is more compact, the size can be smaller, the cost is lower, meanwhile, the problem that the image of the AR HUD cannot be well displayed in a close-to-ground manner is thoroughly improved from the optical structure layer, and the road surface display of the ARHUD is enabled to be more lifelike.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An image generating unit for generating images at different positions, wherein the image generating unit comprises a backlight source for providing a highlight light source, a display arranged at a position of a light outlet of the backlight source for forming a visible display image signal, a light guide plate arranged between the backlight source and the display and arranged at the left side or the right side of the back of the display for deflecting a third imaging light beam in the propagation direction of the backlight source, a plane mirror arranged at the right side or the left side of the display and obliquely arranged at one side of the front of the display for reflecting a first imaging light beam, and a light combining mirror arranged at one side of the front of the display, close to the middle part and arranged outside the coverage of the light guide plate and the plane mirror for reflecting a second imaging light beam and transmitting the third imaging light beam; and the propagation directions of the first imaging light beam reflected by the plane reflecting mirror, the second imaging light beam reflected by the light combining mirror and the third imaging light beam transmitted by the light combining mirror are the same.
2. The image generating unit according to claim 1, wherein the light guide plate is a saw-tooth light guide plate having a planar lower surface and a saw-tooth arrangement upper surface, each saw-tooth strip is composed of two slopes, all saw-tooth strips are coated with a reflective film on the slope facing the same side direction, and light is transmitted on the slope facing the other side direction.
3. The image generating unit according to claim 2, wherein the light guide plate is made of transparent acryl or PC material or COC material or glass.
4. An image generating unit according to claim 3, wherein the plane mirror is a plane mirror coated with a reflective film on one side.
5. The image generating unit according to claim 4, wherein the light combining lens is a light combining lens which is formed by combining two transparent triangular prism lenses in a laminated manner, has a reflecting function for a lower incident beam, has a transmitting function for a side incident beam, and can combine two light beams in different directions into one direction to be emitted.
6. The image generation unit of claim 5, wherein the backlight is a HUD backlight.
7. The image generation unit of claim 6, wherein the display is a TFT display or an LCos display or a DLP display or a MEMS laser projection display.
8. An AR HUD having the image generating unit according to any of claims 1-7, wherein said AR HUD further comprises a relay reflecting unit for reflecting the imaging light beam and a concave reflecting unit for reflecting the imaging light beam and zooming in.
9. The AR HUD of claim 8, wherein the relay reflection unit is a relay mirror plate or a relay mirror plate group.
10. The AR HUD of claim 8, wherein the concave reflective unit is a concave mirror plate or a concave mirror plate set.
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