CN114167615A - Image generation unit for generating images at different positions and AR HUD - Google Patents
Image generation unit for generating images at different positions and AR HUD Download PDFInfo
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- CN114167615A CN114167615A CN202111517370.9A CN202111517370A CN114167615A CN 114167615 A CN114167615 A CN 114167615A CN 202111517370 A CN202111517370 A CN 202111517370A CN 114167615 A CN114167615 A CN 114167615A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
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- G02B2027/0196—Supplementary details having transparent supporting structure for display mounting, e.g. to a window or a windshield
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Abstract
The invention is suitable for the field of image generation, and provides an image generation unit for generating images at different positions and an AR HUD (augmented reality display), wherein the image generation unit comprises a backlight source for providing a high-brightness light source, a display arranged at a light outlet of the backlight source to form a visual display image signal, a light guide plate arranged between the backlight source and the display and arranged at one side of the back surface of the display to deflect a third imaging light beam in the propagation direction of the backlight source, a plane reflector arranged at the other side of the display and obliquely arranged at one side of the front surface of the display to reflect the first imaging light beam, and a light combining mirror arranged at one side of the front surface of the display, arranged outside the light guide plate and the plane reflector to cover, to reflect the second imaging light beam and transmit the third imaging light beam. The technical problems that in the prior art, one image generation unit cannot divide three different display partitions on the same display screen, and display content in different partitions cannot be diversified are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of image generation, and particularly relates to an image generation unit for generating images at different positions and an AR HUD.
Background
The automobile head-up display technology is an important component of intelligent networked automobiles which are being vigorously developed at home and abroad at present, and by application and popularization of the head-up display HUD on high-end luxury brands such as early-stage BMW, speed and the like, more and more automobile factories and users recognize the importance of the head-up display technology of the automobiles on safe driving, so that drivers can acquire important information such as speed, navigation, road conditions, distance and the like without leaving the road, the unique display position and the suspension transparent display effect of the automobile can not be replaced by other position displays on the automobiles, and the head-up display system can be assembled on own new automobiles for more automobile factories to serve as effective configuration for improving the safety of the automobiles.
In order to solve the problem of projection display of different information contents at different positions, a head-up display (HUD) is generally divided into a near view display layer and a far view display layer, wherein the near view display layer is mainly used for displaying vehicle speed, speed limit and auxiliary driving state information, the far view display layer is mainly used for displaying augmented reality navigation, collision early warning information, lane guide arrow and other AR contents, and in order to realize the function partition display in the current head-up display industry, two image generation units (PGUs) are generally adopted, and two independent light paths are adopted to solve the problem; this causes problems of increase in volume and cost.
In addition, the existing AR HUD on the market needs to display AR contents such as augmented reality navigation, collision early warning information, lane guide arrows, and the like, and in order to achieve the effect of fusion display with the target on the road ahead, the visual effect of being attached to the ground needs to be achieved, the existing far-shadow AR layer of the AR HUD is generally erected on the road ahead, a 3D modeling method is adopted, the visual effect of being approximately attached to the ground is simulated and achieved through special processing of the size of the arrow and the light and shadow effect, but the actual ground attaching effect displayed on the erected layer is not ideal.
In the solution of the existing automobile head-up display system, the head-up display HUD mostly adopts a scheme of multiple screens and multiple light paths in order to solve the problem of projection display of different information contents in different areas, i.e. a plurality of image generation units are established to a plurality of display screens, and in the mode of different imaging positions, the one-to-one correspondence relationship between different display areas and different HUD image layers is realized.
Although the technical scheme can meet the requirements that the AR HUD displays different contents on different position layers, the following problems exist: the system complexity of the HUD is increased, the product volume of the AR HUD is increased, and the cost of the AR HUD system is also increased; at present, in a distant view display layer of an AR HUD on the market, a display layer which is nearly perpendicular to a horizontal sight line of a driver is generally adopted to display an augmented reality lane line and an augmented reality navigation arrow, and in order to realize a visual effect of being close to the ground in a layer which is erected on the ground, a 3D modeling method is generally adopted to simulate and realize a visual effect of being close to the ground through special processing of the size of the arrow and a light and shadow effect, but the actual ground-attaching effect of an image displayed on the AR layer which is erected on the ground is not ideal.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an image generation unit for generating images at different positions and an AR HUD (augmented reality display device), and aims to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, one image generation unit cannot divide three different display partitions on the same display screen, and the display content in different partitions cannot be changed in a different way.
The image generation unit comprises a backlight source used for providing a high-brightness light source, a display arranged at a light outlet of the backlight source and used for forming a visual display image signal, a light guide plate arranged between the backlight source and the display and arranged on one side of the back of the display and used for deflecting a third imaging light beam in the propagation direction of the backlight source, a plane reflector arranged on the other side of the display and obliquely arranged on one side of the front of the display and used for reflecting the first imaging light beam, and a light combining mirror arranged on one side of the front of the display and arranged outside the light guide plate and the plane reflector and used for reflecting the second imaging light beam and transmitting the third imaging light beam.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the light guide plate is a sawtooth-shaped light guide plate with a plane lower surface and a sawtooth-shaped arrangement upper surface, each sawtooth strip consists of two slopes, all sawtooth strips are plated with a reflective film towards the slope in the same side direction, and the slope in the other side direction is transparent.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the light guide plate is made of transparent acrylic or PC material or COC material or glass.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the plane reflector is a plane reflector with one surface plated with a reflecting film.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the light combining mirror is a square structure formed by bonding two transparent triangular prism lenses together, has a reflection function for lower incident light beams and a transmission function for side incident light beams, and can combine two light beams in different directions into one direction to be emitted.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the backlight is the HUD backlight.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the display is a TFT display or an LCos display or a DLP display or a MEMSS laser projection display.
It is another object of the present invention to provide an AR HUD further including a relay reflection unit for reflecting an imaging light beam.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the relay reflection unit is a relay reflector or a relay reflector group.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the concave reflecting unit is a concave reflecting lens or a concave reflecting lens group.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the image generation unit can realize the division processing of image light beams by utilizing the plane reflector, the light combining mirror and the sawtooth-shaped light guide plate, realizes three optical imaging effects at different positions in the same time domain by only one set of light path structure, does not increase the volume of the system under the condition of meeting the actual demand, has stronger physical adaptability of the head-up display system, has wider market application range, accelerates the popularization of the automobile head-up display system, thereby improving the safety of driving the automobile and bringing remarkable economic and social benefits; the three different display subareas are divided on the same display screen by one image generation unit, the display content in the different subareas is differentiated, the contents of the different display subareas are rearranged and superposed through the reflection function and the transmission function of the plane reflector, the light combining mirror and the serrated light guide plate, and are directionally reflected to the relay reflector, so that the single image generation unit is realized, and the object sources at three different positions are obtained through light splitting; the image is reflected to the concave reflecting lens, is amplified and zoomed out by the concave reflecting lens, is projected onto a windshield and finally converged to eyes of a driver, and a near image layer, a distant view AR layer standing on the road surface and an AR layer parallel to the road surface are displayed in front of the automobile, so that the occupied space of the system is greatly saved, the volume of the AR HUD whole machine is miniaturized, and the material cost of the product is reduced; in addition, the problem that the AR display content of the AR HUD cannot be displayed in a pasted mode is solved: the object image source on the three different positions, through the projection display of AR HUD light path, form the display picture layer of three difference respectively on the road surface of front, wherein first close-range view display picture layer is used for showing the speed of a motor vehicle, the speed limit, supplementary driving state information, the second shows the long-range view picture layer and is close to erectting in the road surface, be used for showing the image that floats in the road surface top, and the third is on a parallel with the AR picture layer on road surface, be used for showing the augmented reality content of road surfaces such as lane line, lane guide arrow head that hug closely in the road surface, the augmented reality display effect who has realized more pressing close to the road surface.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an image generation unit for generating images at different locations according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a plane mirror of an image generation unit for generating images at different positions according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a combiner of an image generation unit for generating images at different positions according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an AR HUD according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference numerals: 1-backlight source 2-light guide plate 3-display 4-first imaging light beam 5-second imaging light beam 6-third imaging light beam 7-plane reflector 8-light combining mirror 9-relay reflection unit 10-concave reflection unit.
Fig. 1-3 illustrate an image generating unit for generating images at different positions according to the present invention, the image generating unit includes a backlight 1 for providing a high-brightness light source, a display 3 disposed at a light outlet of the backlight 1 for forming a visible display image signal, a light guide plate 2 disposed between the backlight 1 and the display 3 and disposed on a back side of the display 3 for deflecting a third imaging light beam 6 in a propagation direction of the backlight, a plane mirror 7 disposed on the other side of the display 3 and obliquely disposed on a front side of the display 3 for reflecting the first imaging light beam 4, and a light combiner 8 disposed on a front side of the display 3 and disposed outside the light guide plate 2 and the plane mirror 7 for reflecting a second imaging light beam 5 and transmitting the third imaging light beam 6; the plane reflector 7 is a plane reflector with one surface plated with a reflecting film; the light combining lens 8 is a light combining lens 8 which is formed by combining two transparent triangular prisms in a splicing way to form a square structure, has a reflection function for incident light beams below and a transmission function for incident light beams on the side and can combine two light beams in different directions into one direction to be emitted, the light combining lens 8 is a square body formed by splicing two triangular prisms together, light is incident from the lower part of the light combining lens 8, after the two triangular prisms are spliced together, an inner totally-reflecting reflection surface is formed at the diagonal part of the square body of the light combining lens 8, all the light rays incident from the lower part are reflected to a left side outlet, and the light rays incident from the right side of the light combining lens 8 can completely penetrate through the light combining lens 8 and are emitted from a left side outlet; the backlight source 1 is an HUD backlight source, the HUD backlight source is composed of an LED lamp panel and a plurality of optical reflectors or lenses, and the shell is an irregular geometric body composed of plastic or aluminum alloy and used for producing high-brightness light beams and providing high-brightness light sources for imaging devices such as TFTs (thin film transistors) and the like; the display 3 is a TFT display or LCos display or DLP display or MEMS laser projection display, and a TFT display with wide viewing angle function (viewing angle greater than 30 cone angle) is preferable in a flat panel display because the TFT display with wide viewing angle function facilitates the backlight below the TFT display to be incident at a large angle and form an effective visible light beam.
The light guide plate 2 is a sawtooth-shaped light guide plate with a plane lower surface and a sawtooth-shaped arrangement upper surface, each sawtooth strip is composed of two slope surfaces, all sawtooth strips are plated with a reflective film towards the slope surface in the same side direction, and the slope surfaces are transparent towards the slope surface in the other side direction. The light guide plate 2 is made of transparent acrylic or PC material or COC material or glass. One slope surface of the light guide plate 2 is used for reflecting light rays emitted from the upper side, and the other slope surface keeps light transmittance and is used for emitting light.
Fig. 4 shows an AR HUD including the above-described image generation unit, and further including a relay reflection unit 9 for reflecting the imaging light beam, and a concave reflection unit 10 for reflecting the imaging light beam and performing zooming-out; the relay reflection unit 9 is a relay reflector or a relay reflector group; the concave reflecting unit 10 is a concave reflecting lens or a concave reflecting lens group.
The light guide plate 2 is disposed on the right side or left side in the light outlet of the backlight 1, the light guide plate 2 is disposed on the right side when the imaging light beam is emitted to the left side of the backlight 1, and the light guide plate 2 is disposed on the left side when the imaging light beam is emitted to the right side of the backlight 1, and the following description will be given by taking the right side as an example: reflecting the illuminating light beam passing through the light guide plate 2 to the left upper direction of the backlight source 1, and keeping the original direction of the backlight source 1 not passing through the light guide plate 2, installing a display 3 at the light outlet of the backlight source 1, when the display 3 is electrified to input image signals, the display 3 selectively letting the backlight below pass through to form visible display image signals, because the illuminating light beam emitted by the backlight source 1 below, a part of the illuminating light beam reflected by the light guide plate 2 changes the direction and emits to the left upper side of the backlight source 1, therefore, the part of the light still keeps the original direction after passing through the display 3, the part of the light contains image information and position information and forms a third imaging light beam 6, other light beams continue to emit to the left upper direction of the backlight source 1, and the light beam not covering the area of the light guide plate 2 keeps the original direction, after passing through the display 3, the part of the imaging light beam containing the image information and the position information continuously emits to the right upper direction, a plane reflector 7 is obliquely arranged at the left part of the display, the lower edge of the plane reflector 7 is contacted with the display 3, the part of the first imaging light beam 4 below the plane reflector 7 is reflected to the left upper side and keeps the same direction with the third imaging light beam 6, a light combining mirror 8 is arranged near the middle part of the display plane of the display 3 and outside the area covered by the plane reflector 7 and the light guide plate 2, the lower part of the light combining mirror 8 is contacted with the display plane of the display 3, the second imaging light beam 5 emitted by the part of the display area enters from the lower part of the light combining mirror 8, and due to the reflection characteristic of the light combining mirror 8, the light beam emitted upwards by the lower backlight source 1 is reflected to the left upper part of the backlight source 1 and keeps the same direction with the third imaging light beam 6, meanwhile, due to the transmission characteristic of the light combining mirror 8, the third imaging light beam 6 is kept transmitted and is continuously emitted towards the upper left of the backlight 1 along the original direction.
In summary, the first and second imaging light beams 4 and 5 travel in the same direction and each contain different image content information and different virtual image plane position information, the two virtual image planes being approximately parallel and both approximately perpendicular to the light propagation direction; the third imaging beam 6 has the same propagation direction as the two beams, contains independent image content information, the height and width of the virtual image plane of the third imaging beam 6 and the second imaging beam 5 are close, the optical path position and size are basically overlapped with the second imaging beam 5, the included angle between the object image plane in the third imaging beam 6 and the virtual image plane of the second imaging beam 5 is larger than 10 degrees and smaller than 170 degrees, and the three imaging beams all emit to the relay reflecting lens or relay reflecting lens group of the AR HUD along the same direction.
Relay reflection lens or relay reflection lens group will contain three different content, different object image planes position, the imaging beam reflection of direction is put to different object image planes is to AR HUD concave surface reflection lens or concave surface reflection lens group, three imaging beam can also reflect by two or more different concave surface reflection lens groups through same concave surface reflection lens, enlarge the optical action back of zooming away through concave surface reflection lens or concave surface reflection lens group, reflect to car windshield again, final imaging beam assembles in driver's eye position, and on windshield's the place ahead road surface, become the virtual image of three different positions respectively: a first virtual image surface formed by the first imaging light beam 4 on the road surface is closest to the driver and is approximately perpendicular to an optical axis formed by the sight line of the driver and the center point of the first virtual image surface; a second virtual image surface formed by the second imaging light beam 5 on the road surface is farther away from the driver than the first virtual image surface and is approximately perpendicular to an optical axis formed by the sight line of the driver and the center point of the second virtual image surface; the third virtual image plane formed by the third imaging light beam 6 on the road surface is farther away from the driver than the second virtual image plane, and the included angle formed between the third virtual image plane and the second virtual image plane is between 10 degrees and 170 degrees, so that the approach plane to the front road surface is the best selection scheme.
The image generating unit capable of generating images at different positions is applied to an AR HUD (augmented reality device), three virtual images at different positions are finally presented on a road surface in front of a driver at the same time, the AR HUD can be placed at a position near an instrument desk or a central console and can also be placed below a windshield, a light source of a backlight source 1 and a display 3 are electrified, the display 3 is lightened by a proper driving signal of the display 3, the display 3 is modulated and constrained by a light guide plate 2, a plane reflector 7 and a light combining mirror 8, and one imaging light is divided into three beams, wherein the light guide plate 2, the plane reflector 7 and the light combining mirror 8 can be of an integrated structure combined with the backlight source 1 and the display 3 or of a separated structure; the three beams (the close shot beam, the long shot vertical image beam and the long shot horizontal image beam) carry corresponding image information and position information, are modulated by the relay reflection unit and the concave reflection unit, and are mapped onto the inner side reflection surface of the windshield, so that the three beams are captured by the eyes of a driver, and the effect that three images (1 image in the close shot and 2 images in the long shot) appear at different positions simultaneously is formed in the eyes of the driver.
The image generation unit can realize the division processing of image light beams by utilizing the plane reflector, the light combining mirror and the sawtooth-shaped light guide plate, realizes three optical imaging effects at different positions in the same time domain by only one set of light path structure, does not increase the volume of the system under the condition of meeting the actual demand, has stronger physical adaptability of the head-up display system, has wider market application range, accelerates the popularization of the automobile head-up display system, thereby improving the safety of driving the automobile and bringing remarkable economic and social benefits; the three different display subareas are divided on the same display screen by one image generation unit, the display content in the different subareas is differentiated, the contents of the different display subareas are rearranged and superposed through the reflection function and the transmission function of the plane reflector, the light combining mirror and the serrated light guide plate, and are directionally reflected to the relay reflector, so that the single image generation unit is realized, and the object sources at three different positions are obtained through light splitting; the image is reflected to the concave reflecting lens, is amplified and zoomed out by the concave reflecting lens, is projected onto a windshield and finally converged to eyes of a driver, and a near image layer, a distant view AR layer standing on the road surface and an AR layer parallel to the road surface are displayed in front of the automobile, so that the occupied space of the system is greatly saved, the volume of the AR HUD whole machine is miniaturized, and the material cost of the product is reduced; in addition, the problem that the AR display content of the AR HUD cannot be displayed in a pasted mode is solved: the object image source in the three different positions, the projection through AR HUD light path shows, form the display picture layer of three difference respectively on the road surface of front, wherein first close-range view display picture layer is used for showing the speed of a motor vehicle, the speed limit, supplementary driving state information, the second shows the long-range view picture layer and is close to erectting in the road surface, be used for showing the image that floats in the road surface top, and the third is on a parallel with the AR picture layer on road surface, be used for showing the augmented reality content of road surfaces such as the lane guidance arrow head, the augmented reality display effect who presses close to the road surface more has been realized, moreover structural design is more compact, the volume can be accomplished littleer, and the cost is lower, and simultaneously, from the optical structure aspect, the problem that AR D's image can not be fine ground demonstration is thoroughly improved, make HUARHUD's road surface show more lifelike.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An image generation unit for generating images at different positions is characterized by comprising a backlight source for providing a high-brightness light source, a display arranged at a light outlet of the backlight source and used for forming a visual display image signal, a light guide plate arranged between the backlight source and the display and arranged on one side of the back surface of the display and used for deflecting a third imaging light beam in the propagation direction of the backlight source, a plane reflector arranged on the other side of the display and obliquely arranged on one side of the front surface of the display and used for reflecting the first imaging light beam, and a light combining mirror arranged on one side of the front surface of the display and arranged outside the light guide plate and the plane reflector and used for reflecting the second imaging light beam and transmitting the third imaging light beam.
2. The image generating unit according to claim 1, wherein the light guide plate is a sawtooth-shaped light guide plate having a planar lower surface and a sawtooth-shaped arrangement upper surface, each sawtooth strip is composed of two slopes, all sawtooth strips are coated with a reflective film on the slope facing the same side direction, and the slope faces the other side direction.
3. The image generating unit of claim 2, wherein the light guide plate is made of transparent acryl or PC material or COC material or glass.
4. The image generating unit according to claim 3, wherein the flat mirror is a flat mirror having one surface coated with a reflective film.
5. The image generating unit of claim 4, wherein the light combining mirror is a square structure formed by bonding two transparent triangular prisms together, has a reflection function for a lower incident light beam, has a transmission function for a side incident light beam, and combines two light beams with different directions into one direction to be emitted.
6. The image generation unit of claim 5, wherein the backlight is a HUD backlight.
7. The image generation unit of claim 6, wherein the display is a TFT display or an LCos display or a DLP display or a MEMS laser projection display.
8. The AR HUD of the image generation unit of any one of claims 1-7, further comprising a relay reflection unit for reflecting the imaging beam and a concave reflection unit for reflecting the imaging beam and zooming out.
9. The AR HUD of claim 8, wherein the relay reflecting unit is a relay reflector or a set of relay reflectors.
10. The AR HUD of claim 8, wherein the concave reflective unit is a concave mirror or a set of concave mirrors.
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