CN114167182B - A test device for cyclic bending and current-carrying characteristics of high-temperature superconducting strips in the liquid helium temperature zone - Google Patents
A test device for cyclic bending and current-carrying characteristics of high-temperature superconducting strips in the liquid helium temperature zone Download PDFInfo
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- CN114167182B CN114167182B CN202111475302.0A CN202111475302A CN114167182B CN 114167182 B CN114167182 B CN 114167182B CN 202111475302 A CN202111475302 A CN 202111475302A CN 114167182 B CN114167182 B CN 114167182B
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- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 143
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 143
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 140
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种高温超导带材液氦温区下循环弯曲和载流特性测试装置。装置由传动装置、导电装置、绝热层和基础骨架组成，其中传动装置是核心部分。传动装置包括电机、电机连接轴、联轴器、蜗杆、涡轮、旋转轴、旋转台基板和正齿轮。电机连接轴两端通过联轴器与电机和蜗杆相连，电机将带动蜗杆涡轮转动，第一旋转台基板通过第一旋转轴与涡轮相连，第一正齿轮和第二正齿轮通过第二旋转轴和第三旋转轴与第一旋转台基板和第二旋转台基板相连，带材压在两旋转台基板上的铜压板和G10压块之间，因此涡轮的转动会使第一旋转台基板和第二旋转台基板发生反向旋转，进而带动带材发生弯曲。通过测得带材两端的电压及电流，根据U‑I曲线便可得到带材在所处弯曲半径下的临界电流。
The invention discloses a test device for cyclic bending and current-carrying characteristics of a high-temperature superconducting strip material in a liquid helium temperature zone. The device is composed of a transmission device, a conductive device, a thermal insulation layer and a basic frame, and the transmission device is the core part. The transmission consists of a motor, a motor connecting shaft, a coupling, a worm, a worm gear, a rotating shaft, a turntable base plate, and spur gears. Both ends of the motor connection shaft are connected with the motor and the worm through a coupling, the motor will drive the worm turbine to rotate, the base plate of the first turntable is connected with the turbine through the first rotation shaft, and the first spur gear and the second spur gear pass through the second rotation shaft And the third rotating shaft is connected with the first turntable base plate and the second turntable base plate, and the strip is pressed between the copper platen and the G10 pressing block on the two turntable base plates, so the rotation of the turbine will make the first turntable base plate and the second turntable base plate The base plate of the second rotating table rotates in reverse, and then drives the strip to bend. By measuring the voltage and current at both ends of the strip, the critical current of the strip at the bending radius can be obtained according to the U‑I curve.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及超导材料性能测量与测试技术领域，尤其是一种高温超导带材液氦温区下循环弯曲和载流特性测试装置，用于高温超导带材液氦温区下循环弯曲下的电流性能测试。The invention relates to the technical field of performance measurement and testing of superconducting materials, in particular to a high-temperature superconducting strip cyclic bending and current-carrying characteristic testing device in the liquid helium temperature zone, which is used for cyclic bending of high-temperature superconducting strips in the liquid helium temperature zone Under the current performance test.
背景技术Background technique
高温超导材料由于具有高临界温度、高临界磁场及高载流能力等优势，在超导电缆、高场磁体、加速器等领域具有广泛的应用前景。而高温超导带材在实际应用当中，往往会发生多次反复弯曲，带材弯曲会降低带材载流性能甚至导致带材失超，而带材进过多次弯曲后也可能出现疲劳失效，因此需要对带材疲劳弯曲之后的载流性能进行测试。Due to the advantages of high critical temperature, high critical magnetic field and high current-carrying capacity, high-temperature superconducting materials have broad application prospects in superconducting cables, high-field magnets, accelerators and other fields. However, in practical applications, high-temperature superconducting strips often undergo repeated bending for many times. The strip bending will reduce the current-carrying performance of the strip and even cause the strip to quench, and the strip may also experience fatigue failure after repeated bending. , so it is necessary to test the current-carrying performance of the strip after fatigue bending.
现有的带材临界电流测量方式，只有改变带材形状，放置在样品杆上来进行性能测试，这种方式并非很复杂，但对于需要测试疲劳次数几百上千次之后的载流性能，就显得十分的繁琐和困难了。人为的弯曲很难把控应力的大小，所以自动的对带材进行循环弯曲，并且同时能实时测量出带材在该循环次数下的载流性能，有利于进一步探究高温超导带材性能以促进带材在各个领域的发展。The existing strip critical current measurement method only needs to change the shape of the strip and place it on the sample rod for performance testing. This method is not very complicated, but for the current-carrying performance that needs to be tested after hundreds or thousands of fatigue times, it is It seems very cumbersome and difficult. It is difficult to control the magnitude of the stress by artificial bending, so the strip is automatically bent cyclically, and at the same time, the current-carrying performance of the strip under this number of cycles can be measured in real time, which is conducive to further exploring the performance of high-temperature superconducting strips and Promote the development of strips in various fields.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提出一种高温超导带材液氦温区下循环弯曲和载流特性测试装置。通过装置中的传动装置，可以远程操控带材在杜瓦内部循环弯曲，通过导电装置，可以对带材进行通电以及测试出带材的临界电流，因此通过该装置可以实现带材的循环弯曲和载流性能测试一体化。The object of the invention is to propose a testing device for cyclic bending and current-carrying characteristics of a high-temperature superconducting strip in a liquid helium temperature zone. Through the transmission device in the device, the strip can be remotely controlled to be cyclically bent inside the Dewar. Through the conductive device, the strip can be energized and the critical current of the strip can be tested, so the cyclic bending and bending of the strip can be realized through this device. Integrated current-carrying performance test.
本发明的技术方案如下：Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
一种高温超导带材液氦温区下循环弯曲和载流特性测试装置，包括传动装置、导电装置、绝热层和基础骨架；A test device for cyclic bending and current-carrying characteristics of a high-temperature superconducting strip in the liquid helium temperature zone, including a transmission device, a conductive device, a heat insulating layer and a basic frame;
所述传动装置包括电机、电机连接轴、联轴器、蜗杆、涡轮、第一旋转轴、第二旋转轴、第一旋转台基板、第二旋转台基板、第一正齿轮和第二正齿轮；The transmission device includes a motor, a motor connecting shaft, a coupling, a worm, a worm gear, a first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft, a first turntable base plate, a second turntable base plate, a first spur gear, and a second spur gear ;
电机连接轴两端通过联轴器分别与电机和蜗杆相连；涡轮和蜗杆之间相互耦合；第一旋转台基板通过第一旋转轴与涡轮相连；所述第一正齿轮通过第二旋转轴与第一旋转台基板相连；所述第二正齿轮通过第三旋转轴与第二旋转台基板相连；The two ends of the motor connection shaft are respectively connected to the motor and the worm through a coupling; the worm gear and the worm are coupled to each other; the first turntable base plate is connected to the worm gear through the first rotation shaft; the first spur gear is connected to the worm gear through the second rotation shaft. The base plate of the first turntable is connected; the second spur gear is connected with the base plate of the second turntable through the third rotation shaft;
第一旋转台基板上设置有第一G10压块和第一铜压板，所述第一G10压块安装在第一旋转台基板和第一铜压板之间；,所述第二G10压块安装在第二旋转台基板和第二铜压板之间；带材从两铜压板和两G10压块中间穿过，第一铜压板将带材中间部分压在第一G10压块上，第二铜压板将带材中间部分压在第二G10压块上；A first G10 pressing block and a first copper pressing plate are arranged on the first turntable base plate, and the first G10 pressing block is installed between the first rotating table base plate and the first copper pressing plate; and the second G10 pressing block is installed Between the second rotary table base plate and the second copper pressing plate; the strip passes through the middle of the two copper pressing plates and the two G10 pressing blocks, the first copper pressing plate presses the middle part of the strip on the first G10 pressing block, the second copper pressing plate The pressing plate presses the middle part of the strip on the second G10 pressing block;
第一正齿轮与第二正齿轮相互耦合，使得第一旋转台基板能够带动第二旋转台基板同时发生转动；从而使所述带材发生弯曲。The first spur gear and the second spur gear are mutually coupled, so that the base plate of the first turntable can drive the base plate of the second turntable to rotate at the same time; thus, the strip material is bent.
所述导电装置包括铜管、铜编织带、第一铜引线板、第二铜引线板、第一铜压板和第二铜压板，用于对带材进行通电；所述铜管外接电流引线，底部与铜编织带相连；所述第一铜引线板安装在第一G10垫板上，所述第二铜引线板安装在第二G10垫板上。铜编织带固定在两铜引线板之上。带材的两端分别固定在两铜引线板和两G10垫板之间。The conductive device includes a copper tube, a copper braid, a first copper lead plate, a second copper lead plate, a first copper pressing plate, and a second copper pressing plate, which are used to energize the strip; the copper tube is externally connected to a current lead, The bottom is connected with the copper braid; the first copper lead plate is installed on the first G10 backing plate, and the second copper lead plate is installed on the second G10 backing plate. The copper braid is fixed on the two copper lead plates. The two ends of the strip are respectively fixed between two copper lead plates and two G10 backing plates.
所述绝热层为多层绝热材料堆叠而成，安装在第一中间隔离板和盖板之间，用于减少液氦的泄漏。The heat insulation layer is formed by stacking multiple layers of heat insulation materials, and is installed between the first intermediate insulation plate and the cover plate to reduce the leakage of liquid helium.
所述基础骨架包括不锈钢管、盖板、第一中间隔离板、第二中间隔离板、底板、吊环螺栓、第一G10垫板、第二G10垫板、第一G10压块、第二G10压块、第一侧板、第二侧板、第三侧板、第四侧板、限位块和铜管绝缘套，用于固定整个装置。不锈钢管两端分别与底板和盖板相连，起到整个装置固定的作用；吊环螺栓安装在盖板之上，用于连接行车来移动装置；第一侧板、第二侧板、第三侧板、第四侧板、第一G10垫板和第二G10垫板都安装在底板之上；铜管绝缘套安装在铜管和盖板之间；所述限位块一端固定在第一侧板之上，另一端用于蜗杆的限位，防止蜗杆发生横向抖动。The basic skeleton includes a stainless steel pipe, a cover plate, a first intermediate isolation plate, a second intermediate isolation plate, a bottom plate, eyebolts, a first G10 backing plate, a second G10 backing plate, a first G10 pressing block, a second G10 pressing block block, the first side plate, the second side plate, the third side plate, the fourth side plate, the limit block and the copper pipe insulation sleeve are used to fix the whole device. The two ends of the stainless steel tube are respectively connected with the bottom plate and the cover plate, which play the role of fixing the whole device; the eyebolts are installed on the cover plate, and are used to connect the driving to move the device; the first side plate, the second side plate, and the third side plate, the fourth side plate, the first G10 backing plate and the second G10 backing plate are all installed on the bottom plate; the copper tube insulation sleeve is installed between the copper tube and the cover plate; one end of the limit block is fixed on the first side On the plate, the other end is used to limit the worm to prevent the worm from shaking laterally.
电机安装在盖板之上，电机连接轴横穿第一中间隔离板和第二中间隔离板。The motor is installed on the cover plate, and the connecting shaft of the motor crosses the first intermediate isolation plate and the second intermediate isolation plate.
所述G10压块安装在旋转台基板和铜压板之间，用于铜压板和旋转台基板之间的绝缘。The G10 pressing block is installed between the base plate of the rotating table and the copper pressing plate, and is used for insulation between the copper pressing plate and the base plate of the rotating table.
G10压块是采用G10材料做的一块板。G10垫板是采用G10材料做的一块板。G10 compact is a board made of G10 material. G10 backing board is a board made of G10 material.
进一步地，所述电机连接轴两端通过联轴器与电机和蜗杆相连，因此电机将带动蜗杆旋转，进而带动涡轮转动，第一旋转台基板通过第一旋转轴与涡轮相连，第一正齿轮和第二正齿轮通过第二旋转轴和第三旋转轴分别与第一旋转台基板和第二旋转台基板相连，两旋转台基板上各有一个G10压块和一个铜压板；带材压在铜压板和G10压块之间，因此涡轮的转动会使第一旋转台基板和第二旋转台基板发生反向旋转，进而带动带材发生弯曲。Further, the two ends of the connecting shaft of the motor are connected to the motor and the worm through a coupling, so the motor will drive the worm to rotate, and then drive the turbine to rotate. The base plate of the first rotary table is connected to the turbine through the first rotation shaft, and the first spur gear and the second spur gear are respectively connected to the base plate of the first turntable and the base plate of the second turntable through the second rotating shaft and the third rotating shaft. There is a G10 pressing block and a copper pressing plate on each of the two rotating table base plates; the strip is pressed on Between the copper pressing plate and the G10 pressing block, the rotation of the turbine will cause the base plate of the first rotary table and the base plate of the second rotary table to rotate in reverse, and then drive the strip to bend.
进一步地，所述涡轮通过第一旋转轴安装在第一侧板和第二侧板之间；所述蜗杆与涡轮进行配合，一端连接联轴器，一端通过无油轴套安装在底板之上。Further, the turbine is installed between the first side plate and the second side plate through the first rotating shaft; the worm is matched with the turbine, one end is connected to the coupling, and the other end is installed on the bottom plate through an oil-free bushing .
进一步地，所述第一旋转台基板通过第一旋转轴和第二旋转轴安装在第二侧板和第三侧板之间；第二旋转台基板通过第三旋转轴和第四旋转轴安装在第二侧板和第四侧板之间。Further, the first turntable substrate is installed between the second side plate and the third side plate through the first rotation axis and the second rotation axis; the second turntable substrate is installed through the third rotation axis and the fourth rotation axis Between the second side panel and the fourth side panel.
进一步地，所述第一正齿轮通过第二旋转轴与第一旋转台基板相连；第二正齿轮通过第三旋转轴与第二旋转台基板相连；第一正齿轮与第二正齿轮相互耦合，使得第一旋转台基板能够带动第二旋转台基板同时发生转动。Further, the first spur gear is connected with the base plate of the first turntable through the second rotation shaft; the second spur gear is connected with the base plate of the second turntable through the third rotation shaft; the first spur gear and the second spur gear are mutually coupled , so that the substrate of the first turntable can drive the substrate of the second turntable to rotate simultaneously.
进一步地，所述第一侧板、第二侧板、第三侧板和第四侧板通过螺钉固定在底板之上。Further, the first side plate, the second side plate, the third side plate and the fourth side plate are fixed on the bottom plate by screws.
进一步地，所述限位块一端通过螺钉固定在第一侧板之上，另一端用于蜗杆的限位，防止蜗杆发生横向抖动。Further, one end of the limiting block is fixed on the first side plate by screws, and the other end is used for limiting the worm to prevent the worm from shaking laterally.
进一步地，所述盖板的上方有方形小槽，用于电机的安装固定。Further, there is a small square groove on the top of the cover plate, which is used for installing and fixing the motor.
进一步地，所述铜管外接电流引线，底部与铜编织带相连，铜管底部有个方板，方板上有四个小孔，用于将铜管安装在第二中间隔离板之上。铜管外径10mm，壁厚1.5mm，能承受400A的电流。Further, the copper tube is externally connected to a current lead, and the bottom is connected to a copper braid. There is a square plate at the bottom of the copper tube, and there are four small holes on the square plate for installing the copper tube on the second intermediate isolation plate. The copper tube has an outer diameter of 10mm and a wall thickness of 1.5mm, which can withstand a current of 400A.
进一步地，所述铜管绝缘套安装在铜管和盖板之间，用于铜管和盖板之间的绝缘。Further, the copper tube insulation sleeve is installed between the copper tube and the cover plate for insulation between the copper tube and the cover plate.
进一步地，所述无油轴套分别安装在电机连接轴和中间隔离板之间、蜗杆和底板之间，用于加强蜗杆和电机连接轴的固定。Further, the oil-free bushings are respectively installed between the motor connecting shaft and the intermediate isolation plate, and between the worm and the bottom plate, so as to strengthen the fixing of the worm and the motor connecting shaft.
进一步地，所述G10压块安装在旋转台基板和铜压板之间，用于铜压板和旋转台基板之间的绝缘。Further, the G10 pressing block is installed between the base plate of the turntable and the copper press plate for insulation between the copper press plate and the base plate of the turn table.
进一步地，所述G10垫板安装在底板和铜引线板之间，用于底板和铜引线板之间的绝缘。Further, the G10 pad is installed between the base plate and the copper lead plate for insulation between the base plate and the copper lead plate.
进一步地，所述铜引线板安装在G10垫板上，用于连接铜编织带和固定带材两端。铜编织带若直接与铜压板相连，在铜压板旋转过程中，会出现铜编织带晃动的现象，增加了装置的不稳定性，因此增加了铜引线板，铜引线板不会摆动，铜编织带会稳定的固定在上方。带材两端穿过铜压板和G10压块之间，固定在铜引线板和G10垫板之间。Further, the copper lead plate is installed on the G10 backing plate for connecting the two ends of the copper braided strip and the fixed strip. If the copper braid is directly connected to the copper pressure plate, the copper braid will shake during the rotation of the copper pressure plate, which will increase the instability of the device. Therefore, a copper lead plate is added, and the copper lead plate will not swing. The belt will be fixed on top stably. The two ends of the strip pass between the copper pressure plate and the G10 pressure block, and are fixed between the copper lead plate and the G10 backing plate.
进一步地，所述绝热层安装在第一中间隔离板和盖板之间，每层厚度40mm，每层之间相距5mm，一共10层。绝热层的半径和中间隔离板都为290mm，比所匹配的杜瓦小10mm，可以极大的减小液氦的泄漏，节约成本。Further, the heat insulation layer is installed between the first intermediate insulation board and the cover board, each layer has a thickness of 40 mm, and the distance between each layer is 5 mm, a total of 10 layers. The radius of the heat insulation layer and the middle insulation plate are both 290mm, which is 10mm smaller than the matching Dewar, which can greatly reduce the leakage of liquid helium and save costs.
进一步地，所述吊环螺栓安装在盖板之上，用于连接行车；由于本装置体积较大，高度达1.6m，需要通过行车来将装置放进杜瓦当中。Further, the eyebolts are installed on the cover plate for connecting the crane; since the device is large in size and 1.6m in height, it needs to be put into the Dewar by driving the device.
进一步地，底板以上20mm为低温区，在测试过程中会浸泡在液氦当中。低温区的装置包括传动装置中的蜗杆、涡轮、旋转轴、旋转台基板和正齿轮，导电装置中的铜编织带、铜引线板和铜压板，还有基础骨架中的底板、G10垫板、G10压块、侧板、限位块和无油轴套。低温区为装置的核心区域，带材固定在该区域，通过电机控制带材的弯曲；通过测得带材弯曲部分的电压和通过的电流，根据失超判据就能测得带材的临界电流。Furthermore, the 20mm above the bottom plate is a low-temperature zone, which will be immersed in liquid helium during the test. The device in the low temperature zone includes the worm, turbine, rotating shaft, rotary table base plate and spur gear in the transmission device, copper braid, copper lead plate and copper pressure plate in the conductive device, as well as the bottom plate, G10 backing plate, G10 Pressure block, side plate, limit block and oil-free bushing. The low temperature zone is the core area of the device, where the strip is fixed, and the bending of the strip is controlled by a motor; by measuring the voltage and current of the bent part of the strip, the criticality of the strip can be measured according to the quench criterion. current.
本发明相较于现有技术的有益效果在于：The beneficial effect of the present invention compared with prior art is:
本发明装置可实现液氦环境测试，装置顶端有盖板，可与低温杜瓦来进行配合。The device of the invention can realize the liquid helium environment test, and the top of the device has a cover plate, which can cooperate with the low-temperature Dewar.
本发明装置可实现带材自动循环弯曲，对带材所受应变的把控更加精准。The device of the invention can realize the automatic cycle bending of the strip, and can control the strain on the strip more accurately.
本发明装置可实现远距离带材自动循环弯曲，经过一定次数疲劳弯曲后的带材在测得临界电流之后，可以再次启动电机来测下一组数据，即一个流程便可测得多组数据。The device of the present invention can realize automatic cyclic bending of long-distance strips. After a certain number of times of fatigue bending the strips, after measuring the critical current, the motor can be started again to measure the next set of data, that is, multiple sets of data can be measured in one process. .
附图说明Description of drawings
图1、图2、图3为本发明装置中的低温区；Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 are the low temperature zone in the device of the present invention;
图4为装置整体视图。Figure 4 is an overall view of the device.
图中，In the figure,
101-电机、102-电机连接轴、103-联轴器、104-蜗杆、105-涡轮、1061-第一旋转轴、1062-第二旋转轴、1063-第三旋转轴、1064-第四旋转轴、1071-第一旋转台基板、1072-第二旋转台基板、1081-第一正齿轮、1082-第二正齿轮；101-motor, 102-motor connecting shaft, 103-coupling, 104-worm, 105-turbine, 1061-first rotation shaft, 1062-second rotation shaft, 1063-third rotation shaft, 1064-fourth rotation Shaft, 1071-the first turntable base plate, 1072-the second turntable base plate, 1081-the first spur gear, 1082-the second spur gear;
201-铜管、202-铜编织带、2031-第一铜引线板、2032-第二铜引线板、2041-第一铜压板、2042-第二铜压板；201-copper pipe, 202-copper braid, 2031-first copper lead plate, 2032-second copper lead plate, 2041-first copper pressure plate, 2042-second copper pressure plate;
300-绝热层；300 - insulation layer;
401-不锈钢管、402-盖板、4031-第一中间隔离板、4032-第二中间隔离板、404-底板、405-吊环螺栓、4061-第一G10垫板、4062-第二G10垫板、4071-第一G10压块、4072-第二G10压块、4081-第一侧板、4082-第二侧板、4083-第三侧板、4084-第四侧板、409-限位块、410-无油轴套、411-铜管绝缘套。401-stainless steel pipe, 402-cover plate, 4031-the first intermediate isolation plate, 4032-the second intermediate isolation plate, 404-bottom plate, 405-eyebolt, 4061-the first G10 backing plate, 4062-the second G10 backing plate , 4071-the first G10 pressing block, 4072-the second G10 pressing block, 4081-the first side plate, 4082-the second side plate, 4083-the third side plate, 4084-the fourth side plate, 409-limiting block , 410-oil-free shaft sleeve, 411-copper tube insulation sleeve.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有的技术方案，下面将对现有技术和实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍。In order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or existing technical solutions more clearly, the following briefly introduces the prior art and the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments.
本发明公开一种高温超导带材液氦温区下循环弯曲和载流特性测试装置，包括传动装置、导电装置、绝热层300和基础骨架，如图1-4所示。根据本发明的一个实施例，如图1和图2，为本发明装置中的低温区视图，隐藏了一根不锈钢管401和一根铜编织带202以便于观察。图3为本发明装置中低温区视图的截面图。低温区的装置包括传动装置中的蜗杆104、涡轮105、第一旋转轴1061、第二旋转轴1062、第三旋转轴1063、第四旋转轴1064、第一旋转台基板1071、第二旋转台基板1072和第一正齿轮1081、第二正齿轮1082，导电装置中的铜编织带202、第一铜引线板2031、第二铜引线板2032、第一铜压板2041和第二铜压板2042，还有基础骨架中的底板404、第一G10垫板4061、第二G10垫板4062、第一G10压块4071、第二G10压块4072、第一侧板4081、第二侧板4082、第三侧板4083、第四侧板4084、限位块409和无油轴套410。本发明中，G10压块是采用G10材料做的一块板。G10垫板是采用G10材料做的一块板。The invention discloses a test device for cyclic bending and current-carrying characteristics of a high-temperature superconducting strip in a liquid helium temperature zone, including a transmission device, a conductive device, a heat insulating layer 300 and a basic frame, as shown in Figures 1-4. According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 , it is a view of the low temperature area in the device of the present invention, and a stainless steel tube 401 and a copper braid 202 are hidden for easy observation. Fig. 3 is a sectional view of a view of the low temperature region in the device of the present invention. The device in the low temperature zone includes the worm 104 in the transmission, the turbine 105, the first rotating shaft 1061, the second rotating shaft 1062, the third rotating shaft 1063, the fourth rotating shaft 1064, the first rotating table substrate 1071, the second rotating table The substrate 1072 and the first spur gear 1081, the second spur gear 1082, the copper braid 202 in the conductive device, the first copper lead plate 2031, the second copper lead plate 2032, the first copper pressing plate 2041 and the second copper pressing plate 2042, There are also the bottom plate 404, the first G10 backing plate 4061, the second G10 backing plate 4062, the first G10 briquetting block 4071, the second G10 briquetting block 4072, the first side plate 4081, the second side plate 4082, the Three side plates 4083 , a fourth side plate 4084 , a limiting block 409 and an oil-free bushing 410 . In the present invention, the G10 compact is a board made of G10 material. G10 backing board is a board made of G10 material.
传动装置、导电装置、绝热层300和基础骨架的元件相互穿插，通过基础骨架中的四根不锈钢管401将整个装置连接固定，并用螺母进行预紧。The transmission device, the conductive device, the heat insulating layer 300 and the components of the basic frame are interpenetrated, and the whole device is connected and fixed through four stainless steel pipes 401 in the basic frame, and pre-tightened with nuts.
所述导电装置，用于对带材进行通电，包括铜管201、铜编织带202、铜引线板203和铜压板204。导电装置中的铜管201一端穿过盖板402外接电源，另一端穿过第二中间隔离板4032与铜编织带202相连。铜编织带202通过螺栓固定在两铜引线板之上。所述第一G10压块(4071)安装在第一旋转台基板(1071)和第一铜压板(2041)之间；所述第二G10压块(4072)安装在第二旋转台基板(1072)和第二铜压板(2042)之间；带材从两铜压板和两G10压块中间穿过，第一铜压板(2041)将带材中间部分压在第一G10压块(4071)上，第二铜压板(2042)将带材中间部分压在第二G10压块(4072)上。The conductive device is used to conduct electricity to the strip, including a copper pipe 201 , a copper braid 202 , a copper lead plate 203 and a copper pressing plate 204 . One end of the copper tube 201 in the conductive device passes through the cover plate 402 to connect to the external power supply, and the other end passes through the second intermediate isolation plate 4032 to connect with the copper braid 202 . The copper braid 202 is fixed on the two copper lead plates by bolts. The first G10 pressing block (4071) is installed between the first turntable base plate (1071) and the first copper pressing plate (2041); the second G10 pressing block (4072) is installed on the second turntable base plate (1072 ) and the second copper pressing plate (2042); the strip passes between the two copper pressing plates and the two G10 pressing blocks, and the first copper pressing plate (2041) presses the middle part of the strip on the first G10 pressing block (4071) , the second copper pressing plate (2042) presses the middle part of the strip on the second G10 pressing block (4072).
所述第一铜引线板2031安装在第一G10垫板4061上，所述第二铜引线板2032安装在第二G10垫板4062上，用于连接铜编织带202和固定带材两端。The first copper lead plate 2031 is installed on the first G10 backing plate 4061 , and the second copper lead plate 2032 is installed on the second G10 backing plate 4062 for connecting the copper braid 202 and the two ends of the fixing strip.
传动装置中的电机101安装在盖板402之上，电机连接轴102横穿第一中间隔离板4031和第二中间隔离板4032，其两端通过联轴器103分别与电机101和蜗杆104相连，涡轮105和蜗杆104之间相互耦合，因此电机101将带动蜗杆104旋转，进而带动涡轮105转动，第一旋转台基板1071通过第一旋转轴1061与涡轮105相连。第一正齿轮1081通过第二旋转轴1062与第一旋转台基板1071相连。第二正齿轮1082通过第三旋转轴1063与第二旋转台基板1072相连。The motor 101 in the transmission device is installed on the cover plate 402, the motor connecting shaft 102 crosses the first intermediate isolation plate 4031 and the second intermediate isolation plate 4032, and its two ends are respectively connected with the motor 101 and the worm 104 through the coupling 103 , the worm gear 105 and the worm screw 104 are coupled to each other, so the motor 101 will drive the worm screw 104 to rotate, and then drive the turbine 105 to rotate. The first spur gear 1081 is connected to the first turntable base plate 1071 through the second rotation shaft 1062 . The second spur gear 1082 is connected to the second turntable base plate 1072 through the third rotation shaft 1063 .
第一旋转台基板1071上固定有第一G10压块4071和第一铜压板2041，第二旋转台基板1072上固定有第二G10压块4072和第二铜压板2042；所述第一G10压块4071安装在第一旋转台基板1071和第一铜压板2041之间；所述第二G10压块4072安装在第二旋转台基板1072和第二铜压板2042之间；带材从两铜压板和两G10压块中间穿过，第一铜压板2041将带材中间部分压在第一G10压块4071上，第二铜压板2042将带材中间部分压在第二G10压块4072上。The first G10 press block 4071 and the first copper press plate 2041 are fixed on the first turntable substrate 1071, and the second G10 press block 4072 and the second copper press plate 2042 are fixed on the second turntable base plate 1072; The block 4071 is installed between the first turntable base plate 1071 and the first copper press plate 2041; the second G10 pressing block 4072 is installed between the second turntable base plate 1072 and the second copper press plate 2042; Passing through the middle of the two G10 pressing blocks, the first copper pressing plate 2041 presses the middle part of the strip on the first G10 pressing block 4071, and the second copper pressing plate 2042 presses the middle part of the strip on the second G10 pressing block 4072.
第一正齿轮1081与第二正齿轮1082之间相互耦合。两铜压板和两G10压块都固定在旋转台基板之上，因此涡轮105的转动会使第一旋转台基板1071和第二旋转台基板1072发生反向旋转，进而带动所述带材发生弯曲。The first spur gear 1081 and the second spur gear 1082 are coupled with each other. The two copper pressing plates and the two G10 pressing blocks are fixed on the base plate of the turntable, so the rotation of the turbine 105 will cause the first turntable base plate 1071 and the second turntable base plate 1072 to rotate in opposite directions, thereby driving the strip to bend .
所述第一G10压块4071安装在第一旋转台基板1071和第一铜压板2041之间，用于第一铜压板2041和第一旋转台基板1071之间的绝缘；所述第二G10压块4072安装在第二旋转台基板1072和第二铜压板2042之间，用于第二铜压板2042和第二旋转台基板1072之间的绝缘。所述第一G10垫板4061安装在底板404和第一铜引线板2031之间，用于底板404和第一铜引线板2031之间的绝缘；所述第二G10垫板4062安装在底板404和第二铜引线板2032之间，用于底板404和第二铜引线板2032之间的绝缘。The first G10 pressing block 4071 is installed between the first turntable base plate 1071 and the first copper press plate 2041 for insulation between the first copper press plate 2041 and the first turntable base plate 1071; the second G10 press block The block 4072 is installed between the second turntable base plate 1072 and the second copper press plate 2042 for insulation between the second copper press plate 2042 and the second turntable base plate 1072 . The first G10 backing plate 4061 is installed between the bottom plate 404 and the first copper lead plate 2031 for insulation between the bottom plate 404 and the first copper lead plate 2031; the second G10 backing plate 4062 is installed on the bottom plate 404 and the second copper lead plate 2032 for insulation between the bottom plate 404 and the second copper lead plate 2032 .
所述涡轮105通过第一旋转轴1061安装在第一侧板4081和第二侧板4082之间。所述蜗杆104与涡轮105进行配合，一端连接联轴器103，一端通过无油轴套410安装在底板404之上。The turbine 105 is installed between the first side plate 4081 and the second side plate 4082 through the first rotating shaft 1061 . The worm 104 cooperates with the turbine 105 , one end is connected to the coupling 103 , and the other end is installed on the bottom plate 404 through the oil-free bushing 410 .
所述第一旋转台基板1071通过第一旋转轴1061和第二旋转轴1062安装在第二侧板4082和第三侧板4083之间。所述第二旋转台基板1072通过第三旋转轴1063和第四旋转轴1064安装在第二侧板4082和第四侧板4084之间。The first turntable base plate 1071 is installed between the second side plate 4082 and the third side plate 4083 through the first rotating shaft 1061 and the second rotating shaft 1062 . The second turntable base plate 1072 is installed between the second side plate 4082 and the fourth side plate 4084 through the third rotating shaft 1063 and the fourth rotating shaft 1064 .
绝热层300安装在第一中间隔离板4031和盖板402之间，每层厚度40mm，每层之间相距5mm，一共10层。The heat insulation layer 300 is installed between the first intermediate insulation plate 4031 and the cover plate 402, each layer has a thickness of 40mm, and the distance between each layer is 5mm, a total of 10 layers.
基础骨架中的不锈钢管401两端分别与底板404和盖板402相连，起到整个装置固定的作用。吊环螺栓405安装在盖板402之上，用于连接行车来移动装置。第一侧板4081、第二侧板4082、第三侧板4083、第四侧板4084、第一G10垫板4061、第二G10垫板4062都安装在底板404之上。所述第一侧板4081、第二侧板4082、第三侧板4083和第四侧板4084通过螺钉固定在底板404之上。第三侧板4083和第四侧板4084相邻放置，第一侧板4081和第二侧板4082前后平行放置。铜管绝缘套411安装在铜管201和盖板402之间，用于铜管201和盖板402之间的绝缘。The two ends of the stainless steel tube 401 in the basic frame are respectively connected with the bottom plate 404 and the cover plate 402, which play a role of fixing the whole device. Eyebolts 405 are installed on the cover plate 402 for connecting the crane to move the device. The first side plate 4081 , the second side plate 4082 , the third side plate 4083 , the fourth side plate 4084 , the first G10 backing plate 4061 , and the second G10 backing plate 4062 are all installed on the bottom plate 404 . The first side plate 4081 , the second side plate 4082 , the third side plate 4083 and the fourth side plate 4084 are fixed on the bottom plate 404 by screws. The third side plate 4083 and the fourth side plate 4084 are placed adjacent to each other, and the first side plate 4081 and the second side plate 4082 are placed in parallel front and rear. The copper tube insulation sleeve 411 is installed between the copper tube 201 and the cover plate 402 for insulation between the copper tube 201 and the cover plate 402 .
所述限位块409一端通过螺钉固定在第一侧板4081之上，另一端用于蜗杆104的限位，防止蜗杆104发生横向抖动。One end of the limiting block 409 is fixed on the first side plate 4081 by screws, and the other end is used for limiting the worm 104 to prevent the worm 104 from shaking laterally.
图4为装置整体视图，低温区处于装置的最底端，包括底板404及以上20mm。在测试过程中，装置放到液氦容器之中后，该区域将浸泡在液氦当中。低温区之上是第二中间隔离板4032，铜管201固定在该上面。第一中间隔离板4031和第二中间隔离板4032有一定的减少液氦蒸发的作用，并且与横穿两者的不锈钢管401起到了稳定装置结构的作用。绝缘层300处在第一中间隔离板4031的上方，上方紧接着是盖板402，盖板402上面安装有电机101和吊环螺栓405，吊环螺栓405用于外接行车，以将装置移动到低温容器中。所述盖板402的上方有方形小槽，用于电机101的安装固定。由于本装置体积较大，高度达1.6m，需要通过行车来将装置放进杜瓦当中。Fig. 4 is an overall view of the device, the low temperature zone is at the bottom of the device, including the bottom plate 404 and 20mm above. During testing, after the device is placed in a liquid helium container, the area is immersed in liquid helium. Above the low temperature zone is a second intermediate insulation plate 4032 on which the copper tubes 201 are fixed. The first intermediate isolation plate 4031 and the second intermediate isolation plate 4032 have a certain effect of reducing the evaporation of liquid helium, and play a role of stabilizing the structure of the device together with the stainless steel tube 401 crossing them. The insulating layer 300 is located above the first intermediate isolation plate 4031, followed by the cover plate 402 on which the motor 101 and eyebolts 405 are installed, and the eyebolts 405 are used for external driving to move the device to the cryogenic container middle. There is a small square groove on the top of the cover plate 402 for the installation and fixing of the motor 101 . Due to the large size of the device and its height of 1.6m, it is necessary to drive the device into the Dewar.
所述铜管201外接电流引线，底部与铜编织带202相连，铜管201底部有个方板，方板上有四个小孔，用于将铜管201安装在第二中间隔离板4032之上。铜管201外径10mm，壁厚1.5mm，能承受400A的电流。The copper tube 201 is externally connected to the current lead, and the bottom is connected to the copper braid 202. There is a square plate at the bottom of the copper tube 201, and there are four small holes on the square plate, which are used to install the copper tube 201 on the second intermediate isolation plate 4032. superior. The copper tube 201 has an outer diameter of 10mm and a wall thickness of 1.5mm, and can withstand a current of 400A.
无油轴套410分别安装在电机连接轴102和中间隔离板之间、蜗杆104和底板404之间，用于加强蜗杆104和电机连接轴102的固定。Oil-free bushings 410 are respectively installed between the motor connecting shaft 102 and the intermediate isolation plate, and between the worm 104 and the bottom plate 404 for strengthening the fixing of the worm 104 and the motor connecting shaft 102 .
在本装置的使用过程中，首先将带材的两端固定在两边的铜引线板和G10垫板之间，并且通过螺栓将铜编织带202分别固定在两铜引线板之上。然后将带材的中间固定在两铜压板和两G10压块之间，带材便安装完毕。将装置整体放置到低温容器中，在铜管201上通上电源，启动电机101便可进行带材的弯曲和临界电流的测试。During the use of the device, first fix the two ends of the strip between the copper lead plates on both sides and the G10 backing plate, and respectively fix the copper braid 202 on the two copper lead plates by bolts. Then fix the middle of the strip between two copper pressure plates and two G10 pressure blocks, and the strip is installed. Place the device as a whole in a low-temperature container, connect the power supply to the copper tube 201, and start the motor 101 to perform the bending of the strip and the test of the critical current.
尽管上面对本发明说明性的具体实施方式进行了描述，以便于本技术领域的技术人员理解本发明，且应该清楚，本发明不限于具体实施方式的范围，对本技术领域的普通技术人员来讲，只要各种变化在所附的权利要求限定和确定的本发明的精神和范围内，这些变化是显而易见的，一切利用本发明构思的发明创造均在保护之列。Although the illustrative specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, so that those skilled in the art can understand the present invention, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments. For those of ordinary skill in the art, As long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention defined and determined by the appended claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations using the concept of the present invention are included in the protection list.
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