CN115728131A - Device for realizing continuous application of large-stress load at low temperature by using superconducting coil - Google Patents

Device for realizing continuous application of large-stress load at low temperature by using superconducting coil Download PDF

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CN115728131A
CN115728131A CN202211519029.1A CN202211519029A CN115728131A CN 115728131 A CN115728131 A CN 115728131A CN 202211519029 A CN202211519029 A CN 202211519029A CN 115728131 A CN115728131 A CN 115728131A
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top block
coil
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coils
pressure plate
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高鹏
张京峰
张舒庆
刘方
周超
秦经刚
刘华军
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Hefei Institutes of Physical Science of CAS
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种利用超导线圈实现大应力载荷低温下连续施加的装置,其底座与外壳连接,底座中间有圆形凸台对下圆饼线圈进行限位,压板放置于上圆饼线圈上方,压板下方中间有圆形凸台对上圆饼线圈进行限位,压板同活塞连接,顶块放置于活塞上方,与样品接触并施加压力。上、下圆饼线圈是由NbTi超导线采用湿绕或干绕浸渍的方式缠绕在不锈钢骨架上。当上、下圆饼线圈通反向电流而产生电磁斥力,上圆饼线圈被向上推动,通过压板以及活塞传递到顶块上,从而对样品施加压力。本发明利用超导线圈产生的电磁斥力可在低温下对测试样品连续施加大应力载荷,装置原理简单,操作简便,施加的载荷量程大、稳定性好、均匀度高,为多种类型超导电缆等临界性能应力依赖性测量提供了一种新型的低温应力连续加载装置。

Figure 202211519029

The invention discloses a device which utilizes superconducting coils to realize continuous application of large stress loads at low temperatures. The base is connected to the shell, and there is a circular boss in the middle of the base to limit the position of the lower round cake coil, and the pressure plate is placed on the upper round cake coil. At the top, there is a circular boss in the middle of the bottom of the pressure plate to limit the upper circular cake coil. The pressure plate is connected with the piston, and the top block is placed above the piston to contact the sample and apply pressure. The upper and lower round cake coils are wound on the stainless steel skeleton by means of wet winding or dry winding impregnation of NbTi superconducting wires. When the upper and lower circular pie coils pass a reverse current to generate electromagnetic repulsion, the upper circular cake coil is pushed upwards and transmitted to the top block through the pressure plate and the piston, thereby exerting pressure on the sample. The invention uses the electromagnetic repulsion generated by the superconducting coil to continuously apply a large stress load to the test sample at low temperature. The stress-dependent measurement of critical properties such as cables provides a new low-temperature stress continuous loading device.

Figure 202211519029

Description

一种利用超导线圈实现大应力载荷低温下连续施加的装置A device that uses superconducting coils to realize continuous application of large stress loads at low temperatures

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及低温超导导体临界性能应力依赖性测量领域,具体是一种利用超导线圈实现大应力载荷低温下连续施加的装置。The invention relates to the field of stress-dependent measurement of the critical performance of a low-temperature superconducting conductor, in particular to a device that utilizes a superconducting coil to realize continuous application of large stress loads at low temperatures.

背景技术Background technique

近年来,随着超导技术的发展,粒子加速器和聚变磁体需要性能稳定的超导材料获得更高的磁场。临界电流(Ic)是衡量超导材料性能的重要性能之一,而温度和磁场会对临界电流产生一定影响。目前,NbTi和Nb3Sn仍是大规模超导应用的主要超导材料,NbTi是一种韧性材料,易于加工,过去的很多磁体都由NbTi制成,但其临界性能较差,很难获得更高的磁场。Nb3Sn的临界性能要明显高于NbTi,因此要想获得更高的磁场,必须选用脆性的Nb3Sn或者新型实用高温超导材料(MgB2、Bi-2212、YBCO等),但由于技术以及商业原因,新型实用高温超导材料仍未大规模投入使用。因此,更高场的超导应用必须选择Nb3Sn。In recent years, with the development of superconducting technology, particle accelerators and fusion magnets require stable superconducting materials to obtain higher magnetic fields. Critical current (I c ) is one of the important properties to measure the performance of superconducting materials, and temperature and magnetic field will have certain influence on critical current. At present, NbTi and Nb 3 Sn are still the main superconducting materials for large-scale superconducting applications. NbTi is a tough material and is easy to process. Many magnets in the past were made of NbTi, but its critical performance is poor and it is difficult to obtain higher magnetic field. The critical performance of Nb 3 Sn is significantly higher than that of NbTi, so in order to obtain a higher magnetic field, brittle Nb 3 Sn or new practical high-temperature superconducting materials (MgB 2 , Bi-2212, YBCO, etc.) must be selected, but due to technical As well as commercial reasons, new practical high-temperature superconducting materials have not yet been put into use on a large scale. Therefore, Nb 3 Sn must be chosen for higher field superconducting applications.

Nb3Sn超导线并不是一体性结构,而是需要嵌入到普通的金属结构中以获得更高的机械性能以及热稳定性。随着技术的发展,不同的线材制造技术被用于生产。目前,主要用于生产商业Nb3Sn超导线材的制造技术有:青铜法、PIT、RRP等。所有Nb3Sn必须经过热处理使得内部材料反应才能生成超导相,为避免自感过大,通常采用多股超导线绞制成的超导电缆进行大型超导磁体研制。例如加速器磁体大多使用卢瑟福电缆,卢瑟福电缆具有扭绞结构,能够实现完全的超导线换位。卢瑟福电缆具有电流密度高、机械强度好、绕线结构紧凑、线圈环流损耗低的优点。热处理后的Nb3Sn临界性能对应力应变十分敏感,在高场下受电磁、机械、热应力的影响,通常产生性能衰退,因此有必要通过实验手段对Nb3Sn材料/导体连续施加应力模拟其运行时的受力状态,评估其临界性能的应力依赖性。The Nb 3 Sn superconducting wire is not a monolithic structure, but needs to be embedded in a common metal structure to obtain higher mechanical properties and thermal stability. With the development of technology, different wire manufacturing techniques are used for production. At present, the manufacturing technologies mainly used to produce commercial Nb 3 Sn superconducting wires include: bronze method, PIT, RRP and so on. All Nb 3 Sn must undergo heat treatment to make the internal material react to form a superconducting phase. In order to avoid excessive self-inductance, superconducting cables made of multi-strand superconducting wires are usually used to develop large-scale superconducting magnets. For example, most accelerator magnets use Rutherford cables, which have a twisted structure and can realize complete transposition of superconducting wires. Rutherford cables have the advantages of high current density, good mechanical strength, compact winding structure, and low coil circulation loss. The critical properties of Nb 3 Sn after heat treatment are very sensitive to stress and strain. Under the influence of electromagnetic, mechanical and thermal stress under high field, the performance usually declines. Therefore, it is necessary to continuously apply stress to Nb 3 Sn materials/conductors by means of experiments. The stressed state during its operation, assessing the stress dependence of its critical performance.

目前各种测量技术发展迅速,涌现出了很多对Nb3Sn卢瑟福电缆施加载荷的方法,但都受到结构尺寸的限制,无法做到低温下应力的连续加载,且施加载荷过程繁琐,不易于操作。本发明研发出一种利用超导线圈电磁斥力实现大应力载荷低温下连续施加的装置,能够在极低温(4.2K)环境下对Nb3Sn卢瑟福电缆测试样品施加连续大量程载荷,并能够对载荷大小进行精准测量,简化了载荷施加程序,缩短了测试时间,提高了载荷加载范围。同时,通过引伸计和应变计共同测量施加的载荷大小,提高了载荷测量的精确度,为Nb3Sn卢瑟福电缆的横向应力载荷下的临界性能退化研究提供关键基础设施。At present, various measurement technologies are developing rapidly, and many methods of applying loads to Nb 3 Sn Rutherford cables have emerged, but they are all limited by the size of the structure, unable to achieve continuous loading of stress at low temperatures, and the process of applying loads is cumbersome. Easy to operate. The present invention develops a device that uses the electromagnetic repulsion of superconducting coils to realize continuous application of large stress loads at low temperatures, which can apply continuous large-range loads to Nb 3 Sn Rutherford cable test samples in extremely low temperature (4.2K) environments, and It can accurately measure the load size, simplifies the load application procedure, shortens the test time, and improves the load loading range. At the same time, the applied load is measured by the extensometer and the strain gauge, which improves the accuracy of the load measurement and provides a key infrastructure for the critical performance degradation research of the Nb 3 Sn Rutherford cable under the transverse stress load.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的是:提供一种利用超导线圈电磁斥力实现大应力载荷低温下连续施加的装置,该低温电磁连续加压装置能够在极低温(4.2K)环境下对Nb3Sn卢瑟福电缆测试样品连续施加载荷,并能够对载荷大小进行精确测量。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device that utilizes the electromagnetic repulsion of superconducting coils to realize continuous application of large stress loads at low temperatures. The low-temperature electromagnetic continuous pressurization device can treat Nb 3 Sn Rutherford The cable test sample is continuously loaded and the magnitude of the load can be accurately measured.

为达到上述目的,本发明所采用的技术方案为:In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

一种利用超导线圈实现大应力载荷低温下连续施加的装置:A device that uses superconducting coils to achieve continuous application of large stress loads at low temperatures:

所述装置包括底座,上圆饼线圈,下圆饼线圈,压板,外壳,活塞,顶块,引伸计以及应变计;The device comprises a base, an upper disc coil, a lower disc coil, a pressing plate, a casing, a piston, a top block, an extensometer and a strain gauge;

其中,所述上圆饼线圈和下圆饼线圈为超导线圈;底座与外壳螺栓连接,底座中间设有圆形凸台对下圆饼线圈进行限位,压板放置于上圆饼线圈上方,压板下方中间也设有圆形凸台对上圆饼线圈进行限位,压板同活塞螺栓连接,顶块放置于活塞上方,与样品接触并施加压力;Wherein, the upper circular cake coil and the lower circular cake coil are superconducting coils; the base is connected with the casing bolts, and a circular boss is provided in the middle of the base to limit the position of the lower circular cake coil, and the pressure plate is placed above the upper circular cake coil. There is also a circular boss in the middle of the bottom of the pressure plate to limit the position of the upper circular cake coil. The pressure plate is connected with the piston bolts, and the top block is placed above the piston to contact the sample and apply pressure;

当上、下圆饼线圈通反向电流而产生电磁斥力,上圆饼线圈被向上推动,通过压板以及活塞传递到顶块上,从而对样品连续施加压力;通过引伸计检测压板的位移变化量、应变计检测顶块两端的应变量,结合输入下圆饼线圈的电流及上圆饼线圈、压板、活塞、顶块的自重计算获得样品上施加的应力值,并实时监测施加应力的均匀度。When the upper and lower circular cake coils pass the reverse current to generate electromagnetic repulsion, the upper circular cake coil is pushed upwards and transmitted to the top block through the pressure plate and the piston, thereby continuously applying pressure to the sample; the displacement change of the pressure plate is detected by the extensometer, The strain gauge detects the strain at both ends of the top block, and calculates the stress value applied to the sample by combining the current input to the lower disc coil and the self-weight of the upper disc coil, pressure plate, piston, and top block, and monitors the uniformity of the applied stress in real time.

进一步的,所述底座、压板、外壳以及顶块的材质为不锈钢。Further, the material of the base, the pressing plate, the shell and the top block is stainless steel.

进一步的,所述的底座、压板、外壳、顶块材料为304不锈钢。Further, the material of the base, the pressure plate, the shell and the top block is 304 stainless steel.

进一步的,所述的活塞材料为碳纤维。碳纤维相较于不锈钢密度更小,强度更大,同时在极低温环境下也能保持很好的强度。Further, the piston material is carbon fiber. Compared with stainless steel, carbon fiber is less dense and stronger, and it can also maintain good strength in extremely low temperature environments.

进一步的,上、下圆饼线圈是由NbTi超导线采用湿绕或干绕浸渍的方式缠绕在不锈钢骨架上构成。NbTi超导线在4.2K极低温环境下处于超导态,相较于常规电阻线圈,无热损耗,载流能力更高,此时给上、下圆饼线圈通反向电流,则会产生电磁斥力,上圆饼线圈被会被顶起,压力通过压板以及活塞向上传递给顶块。Further, the upper and lower circular pie coils are composed of NbTi superconducting wires wound on the stainless steel skeleton by means of wet winding or dry winding impregnation. NbTi superconducting wires are in a superconducting state at an extremely low temperature of 4.2K. Compared with conventional resistance coils, they have no heat loss and higher current-carrying capacity. At this time, when reverse current is passed to the upper and lower round pie coils, electromagnetic waves will be generated. Repulsive force, the upper disc coil will be jacked up, and the pressure will be transmitted upwards to the top block through the pressure plate and the piston.

进一步的,所述顶块为316不锈钢材质,并且做圆角处理,以避免在对测试样品施加压力的过程中出现应力集中的现象。Further, the top block is made of 316 stainless steel, and its corners are rounded to avoid stress concentration during the process of applying pressure to the test sample.

进一步的,所述引伸计安装在穿过上圆饼线圈的销上,用以测量上、下圆饼线圈通电后因电磁斥力而产生的相对位移,结合通电电流计算得到上、下圆饼线圈通电后产生的电磁斥力,减除压板、活塞、顶块的重力,得到施加于样品表面的压力值。Further, the extensometer is installed on the pin passing through the upper disc coil to measure the relative displacement caused by the electromagnetic repulsion after the upper and lower disc coils are energized, and the upper and lower disc coils are calculated by combining the energized current The electromagnetic repulsion force generated after electrification subtracts the gravity of the pressure plate, piston, and top block to obtain the pressure value applied to the surface of the sample.

进一步的,两个应变计分别安装在顶块的两侧,当上、下圆饼线圈通反向电流产生电磁斥力后,通过压板、活塞将力传递到顶块,进而施加到测试样品表面,当顶块受力时会产生微小形变,应变计通过测量顶块产生的微小形变从而计算获得顶块受力大小,即测试样品施加载荷的大小,同时判断施压的均匀性。Further, the two strain gauges are respectively installed on both sides of the top block. When the upper and lower circular cake coils pass the reverse current to generate electromagnetic repulsion, the force is transmitted to the top block through the pressure plate and the piston, and then applied to the surface of the test sample. When the top block is stressed, it will produce a small deformation. The strain gauge can calculate the force of the top block by measuring the small deformation of the top block, that is, the magnitude of the load applied by the test sample, and at the same time judge the uniformity of the pressure.

进一步的,采用应变计和引伸计分别测量、计算的方式获得测试样品被施加的载荷大小,提供载荷测量精度与准确度。Further, the load applied to the test sample is obtained by measuring and calculating the strain gauge and the extensometer respectively, so as to provide load measurement precision and accuracy.

本发明的有益效果在于:本发明利用超导线圈产生的电磁斥力可在低温下对测试样品连续施加大应力载荷,装置原理简单,操作简便,施加的载荷量程大、稳定性好、均匀度高,为多种类型超导电缆等临界性能应力依赖性测量提供了一种新型的低温应力连续加载装置。The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention utilizes the electromagnetic repulsion generated by the superconducting coil to continuously apply a large stress load to the test sample at low temperature. , providing a new low-temperature stress continuous loading device for the stress-dependent measurement of critical properties such as various types of superconducting cables.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为利用超导线圈电磁斥力实现大应力载荷低温下连续施加的装置结构图。Figure 1 is a structural diagram of a device that utilizes the electromagnetic repulsion of superconducting coils to realize continuous application of large stress loads at low temperatures.

图中:1-应变计,2-顶块,3-外壳,4-活塞,5-引伸计,6-压板,7-上圆饼线圈,8-下圆饼线圈,9-底座。In the figure: 1-strain gauge, 2-top block, 3-housing, 4-piston, 5-extensometer, 6-press plate, 7-upper circular cake coil, 8-lower circular cake coil, 9-base.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图及实施例对本发明进行详细说明。The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

如图1所示,一种利用超导线圈电磁斥力实现大应力载荷低温下连续施加的装置,包括底座9,上圆饼线圈7、下圆饼线圈8,压板6,外壳3,活塞4,顶块2,引伸计5以及应变计1。其中,底座9、压板6、外壳3以及顶块2的材质为不锈钢,底座9与外壳3螺栓连接,底座9中间有圆形凸台对下圆饼线圈8进行限位,压板6放置于上圆饼线圈7上方,压板6下方中间有圆形凸台对上圆饼线7圈进行限位,压板6同活塞4螺栓连接,顶块2放置于活塞4上方,与样品接触并施加压力。上、下圆饼线圈7、8是由NbTi超导线采用湿绕或干绕浸渍的方式缠绕在不锈钢骨架上。当上、下圆饼线圈7、8通反向电流而产生电磁斥力,上圆饼线圈7被向上推动,通过压板6以及活塞4传递到顶块2上,从而对样品连续施加压力。通过引伸计5检测压板6的位移变化量z、应变计1检测顶块2两端的形变量∈,结合输入超导线圈的电流及上圆饼线圈7、压板6、活塞4、顶块2的自重可计算获得样品上施加的应力值,根据公式:As shown in Figure 1, a device that uses the electromagnetic repulsion of superconducting coils to realize continuous application of large stress loads at low temperatures includes a base 9, an upper circular cake coil 7, a lower circular cake coil 8, a pressure plate 6, a casing 3, and a piston 4. Jack block 2, extensometer 5 and strain gauge 1. Among them, the base 9, the pressure plate 6, the shell 3 and the top block 2 are made of stainless steel, the base 9 is connected with the shell 3 by bolts, and there is a circular boss in the middle of the base 9 to limit the position of the lower round cake coil 8, and the pressure plate 6 is placed on the upper Above the circular cake coil 7, there is a circular boss in the middle below the pressure plate 6 to limit the 7 circles of the upper circular cake line. The pressure plate 6 is connected with the piston 4 by bolts, and the top block 2 is placed above the piston 4 to contact the sample and apply pressure. The upper and lower round cake coils 7 and 8 are wound on the stainless steel frame by means of wet winding or dry winding impregnation of NbTi superconducting wires. When the upper and lower pancake coils 7 and 8 pass a reverse current to generate electromagnetic repulsion, the upper pancake coil 7 is pushed upwards and transmitted to the top block 2 through the pressure plate 6 and the piston 4, thereby continuously applying pressure to the sample. The extensometer 5 detects the displacement variation z of the pressure plate 6, and the strain gauge 1 detects the deformation ∈ at both ends of the top block 2, combined with the current input to the superconducting coil and the upper circle coil 7, pressure plate 6, piston 4, and top block 2 The self-weight can be calculated to obtain the stress value exerted on the sample, according to the formula:

σ=∈×Eσ=∈×E

其中,σ为顶块2受活塞4向上传导的斥力内部产生的应力,∈为应变计测量得到的顶块2产生的应变,E为顶块2在该条件下的弹性模量。通过该公式即可计算得到顶块2在受力情况下内部产生的应力情况。同时,由于顶块2受力条件只有竖直向上的力,则顶块2内部应力即等于顶块2受活塞4推力产生的压强大小。再根据顶块2的面积,即可计算得到向上的力的大小。顶块2两侧的应变计可以实时监测施加应力的均匀度。Wherein, σ is the stress generated inside the top block 2 by the repulsive force transmitted upward by the piston 4, ∈ is the strain generated by the top block 2 measured by the strain gauge, and E is the elastic modulus of the top block 2 under this condition. Through this formula, the internal stress of the jack block 2 can be calculated. Simultaneously, since the stress condition of the jack block 2 is only the vertical upward force, the internal stress of the jack block 2 is equal to the pressure generated by the thrust of the piston 4 on the jack block 2 . Then according to the area of the top block 2, the magnitude of the upward force can be calculated. The strain gauges on both sides of the top block 2 can monitor the uniformity of the applied stress in real time.

再根据公式:Then according to the formula:

Figure BDA0003972917690000041
Figure BDA0003972917690000041

其中,F为上圆饼线圈7、下圆饼线圈8通电产生的电磁斥力,I为上圆饼线圈7、下圆饼线圈8通电的电流大小,M12为上圆饼线圈7、下圆饼线圈8之间的互感,z为引伸计测量得到的位移大小,m为压板6、活塞4的质量,g为重力加速度。根据该公式即可算出电磁斥力的大小。Wherein, F is the electromagnetic repulsion generated by the upper round cake coil 7 and the lower round cake coil 8 energization, I is the current size of the upper round cake coil 7 and the lower round cake coil 8 energization, and M12 is the upper round cake coil 7 and the lower circle The mutual inductance between the cake coils 8, z is the displacement measured by the extensometer, m is the mass of the pressing plate 6 and the piston 4, and g is the acceleration of gravity. According to this formula, the magnitude of the electromagnetic repulsion can be calculated.

所述的底座9、压板6、外壳3、顶块2材料为304不锈钢。The materials of the base 9, the pressing plate 6, the shell 3 and the top block 2 are 304 stainless steel.

所述的活塞4材料碳纤维,碳纤维相较于不锈钢密度更小,强度更大,同时在极低温环境下也能保持很好的强度。The piston 4 is made of carbon fiber, which is less dense and stronger than stainless steel, and can also maintain good strength in extremely low temperature environments.

上、下圆饼线圈7、8是由NbTi超导线采用湿绕或干绕浸渍的方式缠绕在不锈钢骨架上。NbTi超导线在4.2K极低温环境下处于超导态,相较于常规电阻线圈,无热损耗,载流能力更高,此时给上、下圆饼线圈7、8通反向电流,则会产生电磁斥力,上圆饼线圈7被会被顶起,压力通过压板6以及活塞4向上传递给顶块2。The upper and lower round cake coils 7 and 8 are wound on the stainless steel frame by means of wet winding or dry winding impregnation of NbTi superconducting wires. NbTi superconducting wires are in a superconducting state at an extremely low temperature of 4.2K. Compared with conventional resistance coils, they have no heat loss and higher current-carrying capacity. At this time, reverse current is passed to the upper and lower circular pie coils 7 and 8, then Electromagnetic repulsion will be generated, and the upper disc coil 7 will be pushed up, and the pressure will be transmitted upward to the top block 2 through the pressure plate 6 and the piston 4 .

顶块2为316不锈钢材质,并且做圆角处理,以避免在对测试样品施加压力的过程中出现应力集中的现象。The top block 2 is made of 316 stainless steel with rounded corners to avoid stress concentration during the process of applying pressure to the test sample.

引伸计5安装在穿过上圆饼线圈7的销上,用以测量上、下圆饼线圈7、8通电后因电磁斥力而产生的相对位移,结合通电电流计算得到上、下圆饼线圈7、8通电后产生的电磁斥力,减除压板6、活塞4、顶块2的重力,得到施加于样品表面的压力值。The extensometer 5 is installed on the pin passing through the upper disc coil 7 to measure the relative displacement of the upper and lower disc coils 7 and 8 due to the electromagnetic repulsion after being energized, and the upper and lower disc coils are calculated by combining the energized current 7, 8 The electromagnetic repulsion force generated after energization is subtracted from the gravity of the pressure plate 6, piston 4, and top block 2 to obtain the pressure value applied to the sample surface.

两个应变计1安装在顶块2的两侧,当上、下圆饼线圈7、8通反向电流产生电磁斥力后,通过压板6、活塞4将力传递到顶块2,进而施加到测试样品表面。当顶块2受力时会产生微小形变,应变计1通过测量顶块产生的微小形变从而计算获得顶块2受力大小,即测试样品施加载荷的大小,同时判断施压的均匀性。计算公式如下:Two strain gauges 1 are installed on both sides of the top block 2. When the upper and lower round cake coils 7 and 8 pass reverse current to generate electromagnetic repulsion, the force is transmitted to the top block 2 through the pressure plate 6 and the piston 4, and then applied to the test sample surface. When the top block 2 is stressed, it will produce a small deformation. The strain gauge 1 can calculate the force of the top block 2 by measuring the small deformation of the top block, that is, the magnitude of the load applied by the test sample, and at the same time judge the uniformity of the pressure. Calculated as follows:

σ=∈×Eσ=∈×E

其中,σ为顶块2受活塞4向上传导的斥力内部产生的应力,∈为应变计测量得到的顶块2产生的应变,E为顶块2在该条件下的弹性模量。通过公式即可计算得到顶块2在受力情况下内部产生的应力情况。同时,由于顶块受力条件只有竖直向上的力,则顶块2内部应力即等于顶块2受活塞4推力产生的压强大小。再根据顶块2的面积,即可计算得到向上的力的大小。顶块两侧的应变计可以实时监测施加应力的均匀度。Wherein, σ is the stress generated inside the top block 2 by the repulsive force transmitted upward by the piston 4, ∈ is the strain generated by the top block 2 measured by the strain gauge, and E is the elastic modulus of the top block 2 under this condition. The internal stress of the top block 2 under stress can be calculated through the formula. Simultaneously, since the force condition of the jack block is only the vertical upward force, the internal stress of the jack block 2 is equal to the pressure generated by the thrust of the piston 4 on the jack block 2 . Then according to the area of the top block 2, the magnitude of the upward force can be calculated. Strain gauges on both sides of the top block can monitor the uniformity of the applied stress in real time.

本发明在测量上圆饼线圈7、下圆饼线圈8通电产生的电磁斥力F的基础上采用应变计1测量顶块2因受压产生应变从而计算的到顶块2受力大小和采用引伸计5测量上圆饼线圈7因受电磁斥力F而产生的向上的微小位移从而计算的到顶块2受力大小两种方法相结合的方式获得测试样品被施加的载荷大小,能够达到互相验证测量的准确性以提高载荷测量精度与准确度的效果。The present invention uses the strain gauge 1 to measure the strain of the top block 2 due to the pressure generated on the basis of measuring the electromagnetic repulsion F generated by the energization of the upper round cake coil 7 and the lower round cake coil 8, thereby calculating the force on the top block 2 and adopting the extensometer 5. Measure the small upward displacement of the upper disc coil 7 due to the electromagnetic repulsion F to calculate the force on the top block 2. The load applied to the test sample can be obtained by combining the two methods, which can achieve mutual verification and measurement. Accuracy to improve the effect of load measurement precision and accuracy.

Claims (8)

1.一种利用超导线圈实现大应力载荷低温下连续施加的装置,其特征在于:1. A device utilizing a superconducting coil to realize continuous application of a large stress load at low temperature, characterized in that: 所述装置包括底座,上圆饼线圈,下圆饼线圈,压板,外壳,活塞,顶块,引伸计以及应变计;The device comprises a base, an upper disc coil, a lower disc coil, a pressing plate, a casing, a piston, a top block, an extensometer and a strain gauge; 其中,所述上圆饼线圈和下圆饼线圈为超导线圈;底座与外壳螺栓连接,底座中间设有圆形凸台对下圆饼线圈进行限位,压板放置于上圆饼线圈上方,压板下方中间也设有圆形凸台对上圆饼线圈进行限位,压板同活塞螺栓连接,顶块放置于活塞上方,与样品接触并施加压力;Wherein, the upper circular cake coil and the lower circular cake coil are superconducting coils; the base is connected with the casing bolts, and a circular boss is provided in the middle of the base to limit the position of the lower circular cake coil, and the pressure plate is placed above the upper circular cake coil. There is also a circular boss in the middle of the bottom of the pressure plate to limit the position of the upper circular cake coil. The pressure plate is connected with the piston bolts, and the top block is placed above the piston to contact the sample and apply pressure; 当上、下圆饼线圈通反向电流而产生电磁斥力,上圆饼线圈被向上推动,通过压板以及活塞传递到顶块上,从而对样品连续施加压力;通过引伸计检测压板的位移变化量、应变计检测顶块两端的应变量,结合输入下圆饼线圈的电流及上圆饼线圈、压板、活塞、顶块的自重计算获得样品上施加的应力值,并实时监测施加应力的均匀度。When the upper and lower circular cake coils pass the reverse current to generate electromagnetic repulsion, the upper circular cake coil is pushed upwards and transmitted to the top block through the pressure plate and the piston, thereby continuously applying pressure to the sample; the displacement change of the pressure plate is detected by the extensometer, The strain gauge detects the strain at both ends of the top block, and calculates the stress value applied to the sample by combining the current input to the lower disc coil and the self-weight of the upper disc coil, pressure plate, piston, and top block, and monitors the uniformity of the applied stress in real time. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用超导线圈实现大应力载荷低温下连续施加的装置,其特征在于:2. A kind of device utilizing superconducting coils to realize continuous application under low temperature of large stress load according to claim 1, characterized in that: 所述底座、压板、外壳以及顶块的材质为不锈钢。The material of the base, the pressing plate, the shell and the top block is stainless steel. 3.根据权利要求2所述的一种利用超导线圈实现大应力载荷低温下连续施加的装置,其特征在于:3. A device utilizing superconducting coils to realize continuous application of large stress loads at low temperatures according to claim 2, characterized in that: 所述的底座、压板、外壳、顶块材料为304不锈钢。The material of the base, pressing plate, shell and top block is 304 stainless steel. 4.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用超导线圈实现大应力载荷低温下连续施加的装置,其特征在于:4. A device utilizing superconducting coils to realize continuous application of large stress loads at low temperatures according to claim 1, characterized in that: 所述的活塞材料为碳纤维。The piston material is carbon fiber. 5.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用超导线圈实现大应力载荷低温下连续施加的装置,其特征在于:5. A device utilizing superconducting coils to realize continuous application of large stress loads at low temperatures according to claim 1, characterized in that: 上、下圆饼线圈是由NbTi超导线采用湿绕或干绕浸渍的方式缠绕在不锈钢骨架上构成。The upper and lower round cake coils are composed of NbTi superconducting wire wound on the stainless steel skeleton by means of wet winding or dry winding impregnation. 6.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用超导线圈实现大应力载荷低温下连续施加的装置,其特征在于:6. A device utilizing a superconducting coil to continuously apply a large stress load at low temperature according to claim 1, characterized in that: 所述顶块为316不锈钢材质,并且做圆角处理。The top block is made of 316 stainless steel with rounded corners. 7.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用超导线圈实现大应力载荷低温下连续施加的装置,其特征在于:7. A device utilizing superconducting coils to realize continuous application of large stress loads at low temperatures according to claim 1, characterized in that: 所述引伸计安装在穿过上圆饼线圈的销上,用以测量上、下圆饼线圈通电后因电磁斥力而产生的相对位移,结合通电电流计算得到上、下圆饼线圈通电后产生的电磁斥力,减除压板、活塞、顶块的重力,得到施加于样品表面的压力值。The extensometer is installed on the pin passing through the upper pancake coil to measure the relative displacement caused by the electromagnetic repulsion after the upper and lower pancake coils are energized, and combined with the energized current to calculate the displacement of the upper and lower pancake coils after energization. The electromagnetic repulsion of the pressure plate, the piston, and the top block are subtracted to obtain the pressure value applied to the surface of the sample. 8.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用超导线圈实现大应力载荷低温下连续施加的装置,其特征在于:8. A device utilizing superconducting coils to realize continuous application of large stress loads at low temperatures according to claim 1, characterized in that: 两个应变计分别安装在顶块的两侧,当上、下圆饼线圈通反向电流产生电磁斥力后,通过压板、活塞将力传递到顶块,进而施加到测试样品表面,当顶块受力时会产生微小形变,应变计通过测量顶块产生的微小形变从而计算获得顶块受力大小,即测试样品施加载荷的大小,同时判断施压的均匀性。Two strain gauges are respectively installed on both sides of the top block. When the upper and lower circular cake coils pass a reverse current to generate electromagnetic repulsion, the force is transmitted to the top block through the pressure plate and the piston, and then applied to the surface of the test sample. When the top block is subjected to There will be a small deformation when the force is applied, and the strain gauge can calculate the force of the top block by measuring the small deformation of the top block, that is, the magnitude of the load applied by the test sample, and at the same time judge the uniformity of the pressure.
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117438174A (en) * 2023-10-12 2024-01-23 中国科学院近代物理研究所 A superconducting magnet prestressing device and its processing method
CN117438174B (en) * 2023-10-12 2024-03-22 中国科学院近代物理研究所 A superconducting magnet prestressing device and its processing method

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