CN114166756B - Vegetation stem leaf covering and overlapping degree measuring device and method - Google Patents
Vegetation stem leaf covering and overlapping degree measuring device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114166756B CN114166756B CN202111493232.1A CN202111493232A CN114166756B CN 114166756 B CN114166756 B CN 114166756B CN 202111493232 A CN202111493232 A CN 202111493232A CN 114166756 B CN114166756 B CN 114166756B
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Abstract
The invention provides a vegetation stem leaf coverage superposition degree measuring device and method.A probe host machine is uniformly provided with a plurality of wingspans along the circumferential direction, and vegetation light intensity change information is measured through the wingspans; each wingspan comprises a silica gel shell with a cavity, one end of the silica gel shell is provided with a data and power interface, and the data and power interface is connected to the probe host in a plugging mode; the other end of the silica gel shell is a photosensitive port, the photosensitive port extends inwards to form an incident light channel, and a black cavity is formed inside the incident light channel. The inner wall of the incident light channel is provided with a plurality of glass reflecting hemispheres, the bottom of the incident light channel is provided with a light integrating rod, and the light integrating rod is electrically connected with the data and power supply interface through a photoelectric measuring element. The device can measure the vegetation stem leaf coverage superpose degree of different height departments fast through a plurality of wingspans and inside detection part, can truly reflect the condition of vegetation superpose, and detection efficiency is high, with low costs, and ageing strong, can acquire research area vegetation coverage quantitative result fast.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of ecological environment monitoring for remote sensing ground verification, and particularly relates to a device and a method for measuring coverage and superposition degree of stems and leaves of vegetation.
Background
The Vegetation coverage (FVC) is an important parameter for characterizing the distribution of Vegetation on the land surface, and is defined as the percentage of the vertical projection area of the foliage, stems and branches of the Vegetation within a statistical range. The ecological vegetation ecological management method can intuitively reflect vegetation distribution characteristics and physiological and biochemical parameter index factors, reflect the growth condition of regional vegetation and the state of ecological environment, and is often taken as one of key geo-factors.
At present, the monitoring method of vegetation coverage is mainly divided into a traditional ground real measurement method and an image estimation method, wherein the traditional ground real measurement method comprises an eye estimation method, a sampling method and an instrument method. The traditional ground actual measurement method has the defects of low efficiency, high cost, low timeliness and the like due to the influence of manpower and material resource conditions, is not suitable for extracting vegetation coverage in a large area, and is mainly used for verifying and analyzing remote sensing monitoring results. The image estimation method mainly utilizes images acquired by a remote sensing satellite, aerial survey, an unmanned aerial vehicle and the like, can realize large-area synchronous observation through parameter model inversion of optical characteristic values, has the advantages of strong timeliness, short periodicity, high information acquisition speed and the like, and can quickly acquire the vegetation coverage quantitative result in a research area.
The image estimation method is mainly based on the measurement of the surface characteristics of the vegetation canopy, the traditional vegetation coverage calculation cannot truly reflect the vegetation overlapping condition, and the estimation of ecological characteristic values such as remote sensing vegetation surface biomass and the like has great influence.
Therefore, the invention provides a vegetation stem and leaf coverage superposition degree measuring device and method, which are beneficial to ground verification of vegetation coverage research based on satellite remote sensing, aerial survey and unmanned aerial vehicle data.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a device and a method for measuring the coverage and overlapping degree of stems and leaves of a vegetation.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a vegetation stem leaf covers measuring device of the overlap degree, including measuring unit and control unit;
a probe host;
the wingspans are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the probe main machine and are used for measuring the light intensity change information of the vegetation;
each wingspan comprises a silica gel shell with a cavity, one end of the silica gel shell is provided with a data interface and a power interface, and the data interface and the power interface are connected to the probe host in a plugging mode; the other end of the silica gel shell is provided with a photosensitive port, the photosensitive port extends inwards to form an incident light channel, the inner wall of the incident light channel is provided with a plurality of glass reflecting hemispheres, and the bottom of the incident light channel is provided with a light integrating rod; the light integrating rod is electrically connected with the data and power interface through a photoelectric measuring element;
the controller is arranged in the probe host machine and is electrically connected with the data and power interface, and the controller is internally provided with:
the data processing module is used for receiving the data and the vegetation light intensity information sent by the power interface, analyzing the received vegetation light intensity information and obtaining vegetation stem and leaf coverage superposition degree data;
and the data storage module is used for storing vegetation light intensity information and vegetation stem and leaf coverage superposition degree data.
Preferably, titanium memory metal strips are arranged between the inner sides of the upper wall and the lower wall of the silica gel shell and the incident light channel, and a bending form determination member is arranged in the middle of each titanium memory metal strip.
Preferably, the bending form measuring means includes a plurality of hemispherical beaded airbags connected in series to each other and a plurality of electrode groups, and a mercury liquid column communicating with the electrode groups is provided between the plurality of electrode groups.
Preferably, the hemispherical beaded airbag is outwardly convex.
Preferably, the device further comprises a remote controller, wherein the remote controller is in wireless connection with the controller and is used for controlling the starting, ending, storing, deleting and inputting of a control instruction of the duplicate measuring point of the sample measurement.
Preferably, the top of the probe main body is provided with a conical protective cover.
Preferably, still include flexible measuring staff, flexible measuring staff top with probe host computer bottom is connected, and the bottom is provided with level module or triangle auxiliary frame.
Based on the same conception, the invention also aims to provide a method for measuring the coverage and the overlapping degree of stems and leaves of a planted quilt, which comprises the following steps:
the telescopic measuring rod drives the probe main machine and the plurality of wingspans to move up and down in the vegetation;
the light enters the incident light channel through the photosensitive port of the wingspan, repeatedly propagates for many times through the glass reflecting hemisphere on the inner wall of the incident light channel, forms a uniform light beam through the light integration rod, and the photoelectric measuring element measures the light intensity; the measured light intensity change information is sent to the controller through the data and power interface for storage and data analysis;
when the wingspan is blocked to bend downwards, the mercury liquid column in the bending form measuring component at the upper layer of the wingspan is not affected, the hemispherical beaded airbag which protrudes outwards in the bending form measuring component at the lower layer is pressed, the mercury liquid column moves towards the tail end of the wingspan, and the mercury liquid column is communicated with different electrode groups, so that current change is formed among the electrode groups and is used for indicating the deformation degree;
when the wingspan is bent upwards, the bending form measuring component on the upper layer of the wingspan records current change signals, and judges the bending form of the wingspan according to change data;
automatically processing the detected original light intensity measurement value through the data processing module to obtain automatic correction data, wherein the original light intensity measurement value and the automatic correction data are stored in the data storage module
And calculating the leaf complex degree SLC.
Preferably, the leaf coverage degree SLC is a ratio of total variation of leaf shading illumination intensity to light intensity difference between an upper layer and a lower layer of a leaf crown in a process that the vegetation stem and leaf coverage overlap degree measuring device moves from the bottom to the top of the leaf crown, and a calculation formula is:
wherein ([ I ] i-max ,I i-min ]) A set of intensity occlusion variance data representing the ith occurrence of a peak followed by a trough, I max 、I min Respectively representing the maximum light intensity value of the top layer of the tree crown and the minimum light intensity value of the bottom layer in a single measurement.
The vegetation stem and leaf coverage superposition degree measuring device provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the device can measure the vegetation stem leaf coverage superpositioning degree of different height departments fast through a plurality of wingspans and inside detection part, can truly reflect the condition of vegetation superpositing, and detection efficiency is high, with low costs, and ageing strong can obtain research area vegetation coverage quantitative result fast.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention and the design thereof, the drawings required for the embodiments will be briefly described below. The drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention and it will be clear to a person skilled in the art that other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a vegetation stem and leaf coverage overlap degree measuring device in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a wing span;
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the wingspan;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of the method for measuring the coverage overlap of the vegetation stems and leaves in example 1 of the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals:
the device comprises a wingspan 01, a data and power interface 101, a silicon rubber shell 102, a titanium memory metal strip 103, a hemispherical beaded airbag 104, a light-sensitive opening 105, an electrode group 106, a mercury liquid column 107, a glass reflection hemisphere 108, a light integrating rod 109, a photoelectric measuring element 110, a conical protective cover 02, a probe main machine 03 and a telescopic measuring rod 04.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the technical solutions of the present invention and can practice the same, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, merely for convenience of description and simplification of the technical solution of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "a plurality" means two or more, and will not be described in detail herein.
Example 1
The invention provides a device for measuring the coverage and overlapping degree of stems and leaves of a vegetation, which is specifically shown in figures 1 to 3 and comprises a probe main machine 03 and a controller.
The main probe unit 03 is provided with a plurality of wingspans 01 uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction, and vegetation light intensity change information is measured through the wingspans 01; the number of the wingspan 01 in the embodiment is 3-8, the specific number can be selected according to actual conditions, and the probe main body 03 is internally provided with an integrated circuit for supplying power to the wingspan 01 component.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, each span 01 includes a silica gel shell 102 having a cavity, one end of the silica gel shell 102 is provided with a data and power interface 101, and the data and power interface 101 is connected to the probe host 03 in a plug-in manner; the other end of the silica gel shell 102 is a photosensitive opening 105, the photosensitive opening 105 extends inwards to form an incident light channel, and a black cavity is formed inside the incident light channel. The inner wall of the incident light channel is provided with a plurality of glass reflecting hemispheres 108, the bottom of the incident light channel is provided with a light integrating rod 109, and the light integrating rod 109 is electrically connected with the data and power interface 101 through a photoelectric measuring element 110.
The controller is arranged in the probe host 03, is electrically connected with the data and power interface 101, and is internally provided with a data processing module and a data storage module.
The data processing module is used for receiving the data and the vegetation light intensity information sent by the power interface 101, analyzing the received vegetation light intensity information and obtaining vegetation stem and leaf coverage superposition degree data; the data storage module is used for storing vegetation light intensity information and vegetation stem and leaf coverage superposition degree data.
Further, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, titanium memory metal strips 103 are disposed between the inner sides of the upper and lower walls of the silica gel case 102 and the incident light channel, and a bending form measuring member is disposed in the middle of the titanium memory metal strips 103. Specifically, the bending form measuring means includes a plurality of hemispherical beaded bladders 104 and a plurality of electrode groups 106 connected in series, and a mercury liquid column 107 connected to the electrode groups 106 is provided between the plurality of electrode groups 106. In this embodiment, the hemispherical beaded bladder 104 is outwardly convex.
For convenience of control, the present embodiment is further provided with a remote controller, and the remote controller is wirelessly connected with the controller and is used for controlling the input of control instructions of starting to add new measuring points, ending, storing, deleting, copying measuring points and the like of the sample measurement.
In order to reduce the resistance in the detection process and protect the probe main body 03, in this embodiment, a conical protection cover 02 is arranged at the top of the probe main body 03, and this part also serves as a barrier for facilitating the cutting of branches and leaves in the ascending process of the probe main body 03.
Further, in order to facilitate adjustment of the detection distance, the present embodiment further includes a telescopic measuring rod 04, which can select an existing rocker type telescopic rod. The top of the telescopic measuring rod 04 is connected with the bottom of the probe host 03, and the bottom is provided with a leveling module or a triangular auxiliary frame. The telescopic measuring rod 04 can be operated by hand, or an auxiliary device such as a leveling module is used, so that the verticality of the measuring direction can be kept by a user in the measuring process, or the triangular auxiliary frame is fixed on the ground, the measuring module is more stable than the leveling module, the lifting process can be assisted by a rocker, and the connection of a higher measuring distance support rod is facilitated.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment further provides a method for measuring coverage and overlapping degree of stems and leaves of vegetation, and preparation work needs to be done before measurement, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, a main body device of the vegetation stem and leaf covering and overlapping degree measuring device is assembled, a power supply of equipment is turned on, and the equipment is subjected to self-inspection normally.
When the measuring direction of the telescopic measuring rod 04 is vertical up and down movement, and the telescopic measuring rod 04 moves up or down, the wingspan 01 can record the change information of the light intensity. When the wingspan 01 is blocked by the stems and leaves, the wingspan 01 deforms to a certain extent, but the light measurement is not influenced, and when the blocking disappears, the wingspan 01 restores to the initial shape.
As shown in fig. 4, the specific measurement process of the vegetation stem and leaf coverage overlap degree measurement method provided by this embodiment is as follows:
step one, clicking a 'start' button on a remote controller, and stably moving a telescopic measuring rod 04 along a measuring direction under the assistance of a leveling module or a triangular auxiliary frame to start measuring:
a. spanwise intensity measurement
Light rays enter an incident light channel through a photosensitive port 105 with a wingspan 01, repeatedly propagate for many times through a glass reflecting hemisphere 108 on the inner wall of the incident light channel, form uniform light beams through a light integrating rod 109, and measure light intensity through a photoelectric measurement element 110; and sends the measured light intensity variation information to the controller for storage and data analysis via the data and power interface 101.
b. Wingspan bending form determination
When the wingspan 01 is blocked to bend downwards, the mercury liquid column 107 in the upper bending form measuring component of the wingspan 01 is not affected, the outwards-convex hemispherical beaded airbag 104 in the lower bending form measuring component of the wingspan 01 is pressed, the mercury liquid column 107 moves towards the tail end of the wingspan 01, and the mercury liquid column 107 is communicated with different electrode groups 106, so that current change is formed among the electrode groups 106 and is used for indicating the deformation degree;
when the span 01 is bent upward, the bending form measuring means on the upper layer of the span 01 records a current change signal, and determines the bending form of the span 01 from the change data.
Step two: correcting single measurement results
The light intensity change result of single measurement, when the stem leaves block, the wingspan 01 on the telescopic measuring rod 04 deforms in a short time, and the photosensitive measurement of the wingspan 01 is interfered, so that the correction is needed.
If the light intensity data is blocked upwards, the wingspan 01 is bent downwards generally, the light sensing port at the end part of the wingspan 01 is in a temporary weakening state, the default light source is above the forest crown, namely, the bending degree of the wingspan 01 is followed, and the light intensity data should be properly compensated; if the light intensity is blocked downwards, the wingspan 01 bends upwards, the light sensitive opening at the top end of the wingspan 01 is in a temporary strengthening state, and the light intensity data is properly cut off according to the bending degree, and the influences need to be removed from the original light intensity measurement value.
And the revision of the single measurement result is realized by default through automatic processing of a data processing module arranged in the device, the detected original light intensity measurement value is automatically processed through the data processing module to obtain automatic correction data, and the original light intensity measurement value and the automatic correction data are both stored in a data storage module. The user can also complete the correction later according to the original data.
The plurality of wingspans 01 on the wingspan 01 respectively record light intensity change data and wingspan 01 deformation data, the data can be analyzed for differences in different directions, and the raw data are also stored in a memory of the wingspan 01.
Step three: replica measurement
For one sampling point, the crown difference in different directions is large, and multiple copy measurements need to be performed. After the single measurement is stored, the measurement position is adjusted, a 'duplicate measurement point' button on a remote controller is clicked, and the single measurement step is repeated to obtain duplicate measurement data.
After the copy measurement is finished, if the measurement work of other sampling points is carried out, clicking the 'newly added measuring point' on the remote controller at a new position to carry out the measurement work of the next sampling point.
Step four: calculating leaf coverage
And (3) light intensity change data recorded by the wingspan 01, wherein the peak light intensity of the light intensity sequence becomes weak suddenly in the rising process, and the trough of the light intensity sequence is strengthened suddenly in the falling process, and the peak light intensity is the moment when the wingspan light-sensitive opening passes through the shielding leaf.
Leaf is again by degree SLC does vegetation stem leaf covers superpose degree measuring device removes the in-process from leaf crown layer bottom to top, and the ratio of leaf shelters from illumination intensity total variation and leaf crown upper and lower floor light intensity difference, and the computational formula is:
in the formula, [ I ] i-max ,I i-min ]A set of intensity occlusion variance data representing the ith occurrence of a peak followed by a trough, I max 、I min Respectively representing the maximum light intensity value of the top layer of the crown and the minimum light intensity value of the bottom layer in single measurement; for a single sampling point, the leaf multiplexing degree is represented by the average value of a plurality of sampling points in a region, and the measurement of a plurality of wingspan 01 and up-and-down processes is used for calculating the average value of the measurement results of a plurality of duplicates so as to be beneficial to accurate calculation of data.
Step five: and clicking an 'end' button of the remote controller to finish the single measurement. Clicking 'save' to input the storage name of the measurement result; or click "delete" to discard the storage of the results of this single assay.
The device is mainly used for exploring the vegetation stem leaf covering and overlapping degree, and related measurement results can be used for acquiring ground verification parameters of ecological environment monitoring and satellite remote sensing, aerial survey and unmanned aerial vehicle data.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any simple modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solutions that can be obviously obtained by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A vegetation stem leaf covers superpose degree measuring device characterized by, includes:
a probe main unit (03);
the wingspans (01) are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the probe main machine (03) and are used for measuring vegetation light intensity change information;
each wingspan (01) comprises a silica gel shell (102) with a cavity, one end of the silica gel shell (102) is provided with a data and power interface (101), and the data and power interface (101) is connected to the probe host (03) in a plugging mode; the other end of the silica gel shell (102) is provided with a photosensitive port (105), the photosensitive port (105) extends inwards to form an incident light channel, the inner wall of the incident light channel is provided with a plurality of glass reflecting hemispheres (108), and the bottom of the incident light channel is provided with a light integrating rod (109); the light integrating rod (109) is electrically connected with the data and power interface (101) through a photoelectric measuring element (110);
the controller is arranged in the probe host (03) and is electrically connected with the data and power interface (101), and the controller is internally provided with:
the data processing module is used for receiving the data and the vegetation light intensity information sent by the power interface (101), analyzing the received vegetation light intensity information and obtaining vegetation stem and leaf coverage superposition degree data;
the data storage module is used for storing vegetation light intensity information and vegetation stem and leaf coverage superposition degree data;
titanium memory metal strips (103) are arranged between the inner sides of the upper wall and the lower wall of the silica gel shell (102) and the incident light channel, and a bending form determination component is arranged in the middle of each titanium memory metal strip (103);
the bending form measuring component comprises a plurality of hemispherical beaded airbags (104) which are connected in series and a plurality of electrode groups (106), wherein a mercury liquid column (107) which is communicated with the electrode groups (106) is arranged between the electrode groups (106);
the hemispherical beaded air bag (104) is convex outwards.
2. A vegetation stem and leaf coverage overlap measuring device as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a remote controller, wherein the remote controller is wirelessly connected with the controller and is used for controlling the input of the start, end, storage, deletion, and duplicate measurement point control commands of the measurement.
3. A vegetation stem and leaf coverage overlap measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that there is a toper safety cover (02) on the top of probe host (03).
4. A vegetation stem and leaf coverage overlap degree measuring device according to claim 3, characterized by further comprising a telescopic measuring rod (04), wherein the top of the telescopic measuring rod (04) is connected with the bottom of the probe main machine (03), and the bottom is provided with a leveling module or a triangular auxiliary frame.
5. The method for measuring vegetation stem and leaf coverage overlap degree measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
the telescopic measuring rod (04) drives the probe main machine (03) and the wingspans (01) to move up and down in the vegetation;
light rays are emitted into an incident light channel through a photosensitive opening (105) of the wingspan (01), repeatedly transmitted for many times through a glass reflection hemisphere (108) on the inner wall of the incident light channel, and form uniform light beams through a light integrating rod (109), and a photoelectric measuring element (110) measures light intensity; the measured light intensity change information is sent to the controller through the data and power interface (101) for storage and data analysis;
when the wingspan (01) is blocked to bend downwards, the mercury liquid column (107) in the upper bending form measuring component of the wingspan (01) is not affected, the outwards-convex hemispherical beaded airbag (104) in the lower bending form measuring component is pressed, the mercury liquid column (107) moves towards the tail end of the wingspan (01), different electrode groups (106) are communicated by the mercury liquid column (107), and current change is formed among the electrode groups (106) and used for indicating the deformation degree;
when the wingspan (01) bends upwards, the bending form measuring component on the upper layer of the wingspan (01) records a current change signal, and judges the bending form of the wingspan (01) according to the change data;
automatically processing the detected original light intensity measurement value through a data processing module to obtain automatic correction data, wherein the original light intensity measurement value and the automatic correction data are stored in a data storage module;
and calculating the leaf complex degree SLC.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the leaf coverage degree SLC is a ratio of a total variation of a leaf shading illumination intensity to a difference between light intensities of upper and lower layers of a leaf crown in a process that the vegetation stem leaf coverage degree SLC measuring apparatus moves from a bottom to a top of the leaf crown, and a calculation formula is:
in the formula (I) i-max ,I i-min ]) A set of intensity occlusion change data representing the ith occurrence of a peak followed by a trough, I max 、I min Respectively representing the maximum light intensity value of the top layer of the crown and the minimum light intensity value of the bottom layer in a single measurement.
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| CN1746660A (en) * | 2004-09-09 | 2006-03-15 | 北京农业信息技术研究中心 | Measurement and measuring device for crop crown layer pigment ratio |
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| CN109405769A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-03-01 | 中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所 | Vegetation canopy leaf area index measuring device |
| JP2019037198A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2019-03-14 | 東京電力ホールディングス株式会社 | Vegetation cover degree determination method and vegetation cover degree determination device |
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2021
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| CN1746660A (en) * | 2004-09-09 | 2006-03-15 | 北京农业信息技术研究中心 | Measurement and measuring device for crop crown layer pigment ratio |
| CN101514963A (en) * | 2009-03-25 | 2009-08-26 | 北京市农林科学院 | Vegetation fluorescent detection method and a device |
| JP2019037198A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2019-03-14 | 東京電力ホールディングス株式会社 | Vegetation cover degree determination method and vegetation cover degree determination device |
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