CN114163084A - Electrocatalytic oxidation coupling multi-medium biological slow filter and water treatment system - Google Patents
Electrocatalytic oxidation coupling multi-medium biological slow filter and water treatment system Download PDFInfo
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/467—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction
- C02F1/4672—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction by electrooxydation
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- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/725—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation by catalytic oxidation
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electrocatalytic oxidation coupling multi-medium biological slow filter. The electrocatalytic oxidation coupling multi-medium biological slow filter comprises a three-dimensional mixed particle electrode electrocatalytic oxidation and biological slow filter coupling area, a volcanic rock filter material area, a modified zeolite filter material area, a quartz sand filter material area and a clear water area from top to bottom. A water treatment system comprises a high-level water tank, an electrocatalytic oxidation coupling multi-medium biological slow filter and a membrane separation-ultraviolet disinfection tank which are sequentially connected according to a water path. Compared with the prior art, the electrocatalytic oxidation coupling multi-medium biological slow filter disclosed by the invention solves the problems that the traditional biological slow filter effluent has poor water quality stability, easily causes pollutant penetration, can not effectively remove organic matters difficult to biodegrade and total phosphorus, and the like, enhances the water quality safety, and improves the effluent quality. The effluent of the water treatment system can meet the sanitary standard of drinking water, and is particularly suitable for treating micro-polluted pit water in rural areas or micro-polluted water with refractory organic matters.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of water treatment, and particularly relates to an electrocatalytic oxidation coupling multi-medium biological slow filter and a water treatment system.
Background
As rainwater is polluted by solid wastes, air sediments, chemical fertilizers, pesticides and other human activities in the process of collecting and storing rainwater into the cellar, investigation finds that microorganisms, organic matters, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and the like in water often exceed standards and have higher chroma and turbidity. Excessive nitrogen and phosphorus can cause eutrophication of closed water bodies such as water cellars and the like, water quality deterioration can increase the difficulty of water supply treatment, nitrobacteria can release odor in the metabolic process and increase the possibility of carcinogenesis, and NH is regulated by the national drinking water sanitation standard3N is less than or equal to 0.5 mg/L. Phosphorus also influences the biological stability of drinking water, and the excessive phosphorus content can cause the reproduction of organisms in the drinking water again, so that the biologically stable drinking water cannot be obtained, the drinking water safety is directly threatened, and hyperphosphatemia can be caused by excessive phosphorus intake, so that the blood calcium in blood is reduced, and the osteoporosis is caused. According to investigation, the index of the quality of pit water in a certain county can not reach the sanitary standard for drinking water (GB 4759-2006), and the total phosphorus exceeds III in the environmental quality standard for surface water (GB 3838-2002).
TABLE 1 pit Water quality index in certain county
| Serial number | Detecting items | Unit of | The result of the detection | Water quality standard |
| 1 | Turbidity of water | NTU | 2.2-62.3 | ＜1.0 |
| 2 | pH value | Dimensionless | 7.84-9.38 | 6.5-8.5 |
| 3 | Permanganate index | mg/L | 1.2-6.4 | ＜3.0 |
| 4 | Total organic carbon | mg/L | 2.24-5.55 | ＜5 |
| 5 | Ammonia nitrogen | mg/L | 0.14-1.32 | ＜0.5 |
| 6 | Total phosphorus | mg/L | 0.06-0.18 | <0.05 |
Most water purifiers are to relatively better municipal pipe network feedwater at present, and to collection rain cellar water quality of water, and the collection rain water purification installation that is fit for the arid rural area is less to adopt simple filtration treatment more, or make the water cost higher, can't be applicable to the difficult degradation macromolecule organic matter that appears in the quality of water now, and the problem that the usable water source of arid serious area itself is not enough. The biological slow filtration is a water treatment technology integrating a filtration technology and a biological treatment technology, and has the characteristics of simple and convenient operation and low operation cost.
The existing biological slow filtration technology mainly has the following defects:
1. the traditional biological slow filtration only acts on easily degradable organic matters and hardly acts on difficultly biodegradable organic matters;
2. the traditional biological slow filtration uses a single-layer filter material for a plurality of organisms, has poor water quality stability, is easy to cause pollutant penetration, and is not solved by increasing the thickness of the filter material;
3. the traditional biological slow filtration basically has no effect of removing total phosphorus;
4. the safety of the effluent is poor. Although the traditional biological slow filtration can remove microorganisms, the complete removal cannot be guaranteed, and the problem of poor water safety is caused.
In view of the above problems, there is a need to develop a multi-media biological slow filtration technology with stability for degrading organic matters difficult to biodegrade, so as to improve the quality of effluent and enhance the safety of water quality.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defect that the existing biological slow filtration can not effectively remove the organic matters difficult to be biodegraded and the total phosphorus, the invention provides the electrocatalytic oxidation coupling multi-medium biological slow filter which is suitable for treating rural micro-polluted cellar water or micro-polluted water with the organic matters difficult to be biodegraded.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an electrocatalytic oxidation coupling multi-medium biological slow filter tank comprises a three-dimensional mixed particle electrode electrocatalytic oxidation and biological slow filter coupling area, a volcanic rock filter material area, a modified zeolite filter material area, a quartz sand filter material area and a clear water area from top to bottom.
Preferably, the three-dimensional mixed particle electrode electrocatalytic oxidation and biological slow filtration coupling area comprises an anode plate and a cathode plate which are positioned at two opposite sides of the three-dimensional mixed particle electrode electrocatalytic oxidation and biological slow filtration coupling area, and a mixed filter material which is filled in the three-dimensional mixed particle electrode electrocatalytic oxidation and biological slow filtration coupling area and is used as a particle electrode;
the surfaces of the anode plate and the cathode plate are respectively covered with an insulating separation net, and the anode plate and the cathode plate are respectively and electrically connected with a direct current power supply.
Preferably, the anode plate is Ti/IrO2、Ti/RuO2-IrO2Or Ti/RuO2-IrO2-SnO2A metal-coated electrode;
the negative plate is a carbon felt, graphite particles or a foam nickel electrode;
the mixed filter material is active carbon and Fe3O4、Fe3O4/SnO2Or Fe3O4/SnO2-GOThe mixed filter material of (1).
The insulating separation net plays a role in preventing the anode plate and the cathode plate from directly contacting with the particle electrode.
Preferably, the clear water area and the quartz sand filter material area are separated by a porous support plate and a nylon net laid on the porous support plate.
The nylon net with proper mesh can be selected according to the particle size of each filter material, and the filter material can be prevented from leaking.
Preferably, a water distributor is arranged above the coupling area of the three-dimensional mixed particle electrode electrocatalytic oxidation and biological slow filtration.
The water distributor distributes water uniformly in the form of water drops or water films, so that the water is fully oxygenated.
In the three-dimensional mixed particle electrode electrocatalytic oxidation and biological slow filtration coupling area, the anode plate, the cathode plate and the particle electrode form a three-dimensional electrode electrocatalytic oxidation system, and Fe in the mixed filter material is utilized3O4、Fe3O4/SnO2Or Fe3O4/SnO2Electrochemical action of GO particles and good conductivity of activated carbon, generating high valence metal oxides and hydroxyl radicals, O with strong oxidation2 -、H2O2The constant-strength oxidant oxidizes and decomposes the difficultly-degraded macromolecular organic matters in the water body into easily-degraded micromolecular organic matters or CO2、H2And O. Meanwhile, activated carbon in the mixed filter material is used as a biological filter medium, and a biological film grows on the surface of the mixed filter material to further oxidize and decompose the easily degradable micromolecular organic matters; and stimulating the growth and metabolism of microorganisms with proper current intensity, promoting the growth and propagation of the biomembrane by improving the activity of the biological enzyme, thereby realizing the coupling removal of CODMnAnd ammonia nitrogen and other pollutants.
In the volcanic filter material area, the characteristics of high surface roughness, large porosity and specific surface area, strong chemical stability and the like of the volcanic are utilized to lead microorganisms to rapidly grow and propagate on the surface of the volcanic, and a large amount of metal ions such as Fe, Mg, Ca and the like contained in the volcanic can be mixed with NH in the solution4 +Ion exchange occurs to achieve adsorption of NH4 +The purpose of (1), and Fe, Mg, Ca element promote heterotrophic bacteria's electron transfer process, thereby accelerate the circulation of respiratory chain, Fe element can improve the activity of microorganisms such as nitrobacteria, accelerate its process of chemical energy synthesis, Mg element participates in the metabolism of microbial cell, improves the effect of getting rid of ammonia nitrogen of nitrobacteria, Ca element can strengthen the cohesion of microorganism, thereby accelerate the formation of biomembrane, further improve the rate of getting rid of difficult degradation organic pollutant, improved water stability.
In the modified zeolite filter material area, residual ammonia nitrogen is removed through adsorption and ion exchange, and simultaneously, Fe ions are loaded after modification so as to improve the removal rate of phosphorus: the zeolite has good ion exchange capacity and adsorptivity, ammonia nitrogen in water can be removed by adsorption of molecular ammonia and exchange of ionic ammonia, and phosphorus in water is usually PO4 3-Is modified by activation so that CL exists in zeolite pores-Phosphorus removal by ion exchange, and surface loading of Fe3+Thus, phosphorus is removed by electrostatic adsorption when the phosphorus is positively charged.
The modified zeolite is activated by sodium chloride and then modified by polyferric sulfate.
Preferably, the modified zeolite is prepared by the following method: (1) and (3) activation: fully mixing zeolite and a sodium chloride solution, washing and drying to obtain activated zeolite, wherein the mass ratio of the zeolite to the sodium chloride is preferably 1:0.1-1, and more preferably 1: 0.4-0.6; (2) and (2) fully mixing the activated zeolite with a polymeric ferric sulfate solution, washing, and drying to obtain the modified zeolite, wherein the mass ratio of the activated zeolite to the polymeric ferric sulfate is preferably 1:1-5, and more preferably 1: 2-3.
In the quartz sand filtering material area, the fine filtering effect of the fine quartz sand filtering material is utilized to further reduce the turbidity, microorganisms and the like of water, thereby improving the stability of the effluent quality.
Fe3O4/SnO2The preparation process of the particles comprises the following steps: mixing Fe3O4、SnCl4·5H2O, polyMixing ethylene glycol 1000 and NaOH in a mass ratio of 0.5-1.5:1.7:9-10.5:1.3 in water, carrying out hydrothermal reaction, separating and drying to obtain Fe3O4/SnO2Particles. Preferably, the hydrothermal reaction temperature is 180-.
Fe3O4/SnO2-the process of making GO particles comprises: mixing Fe3O4/SnO2Mixing the particles and graphene in water, carrying out hydrothermal reaction, separating and drying to obtain Fe3O4/SnO2-GO particles. Preferably, the hydrothermal reaction temperature is 180-. Fe3O4/SnO2And graphene are mixed according to the mass ratio of 100: 1-2.
A water treatment system comprises a high-level water tank, the electrocatalytic oxidation coupling multi-medium biological slow filter and a membrane separation-ultraviolet disinfection tank which are sequentially connected according to a water path.
Preferably, the membrane separation-ultraviolet disinfection tank comprises a microfiltration membrane component and an ultraviolet disinfector which are sequentially connected according to a water path.
The bottom of the high-level water tank is higher than the electrocatalytic oxidation coupling multi-medium biological slow filter, so that the water pressure of a treatment system is ensured, and gravity type water supply is realized.
Preferably, the high-level water tank is connected with the water distributor through a water pipe, the water distributor is arranged above the electrocatalytic oxidation coupling multi-medium biological slow filter, water is contacted with air in a water drop or water film mode by utilizing the water distributor to obtain sufficient oxygenation, oxygen required by growth and reproduction of the biological slow filter biological film is ensured, and the starting time of the biological slow filter is shortened.
In the membrane separation-ultraviolet disinfection tank, turbidity and microorganisms are further removed by utilizing the micro-pore interception effect of the micro-filtration membrane, and after the micro-filtration membrane is sterilized and disinfected by the ultraviolet disinfector, the safety of the effluent quality is ensured, the effluent quality is improved, and the sanitary standard of the drinking water is reached.
A method of water treatment comprising: the electrocatalytic oxidation coupling multi-medium biological slow filter is adopted, and a direct-current power supply is used for supplying power to the three-dimensional mixed particle electrode electrocatalytic oxidation and biological slow filter coupling area, so that water to be treated sequentially passes through the three-dimensional mixed particle electrode electrocatalytic oxidation and biological slow filter coupling area, the volcanic rock filter material area, the modified zeolite filter material area, the quartz sand filter material area and the clean water area.
Preferably, the clean water in the clean water area is subjected to membrane separation and ultraviolet disinfection treatment.
More preferably, the water to be treated is pit water, and the water after ultraviolet disinfection is drinking water.
Advantageous effects
1. The electrocatalytic oxidation coupling multi-medium biological slow filter disclosed by the invention effectively solves the problems that the traditional biological slow filter effluent has poor water quality stability, easily causes pollutant penetration, can not effectively remove organic matters difficult to biodegrade, total phosphorus and the like through the synergistic effect of the electrocatalytic oxidation and biological slow filter coupling area, the volcanic filter material area, the modified zeolite filter material area and the quartz sand filter material area of the three-dimensional mixed particle electrode, enhances the water quality safety and improves the effluent quality.
2. The water treatment system of the invention integrates various technologies efficiently to form a reaction system with combined synergistic effect among all parts, and strengthens the removal effect of the reaction system on various pollutants in target water body, thereby achieving the purpose of removing pollutants efficiently, being particularly suitable for the treatment of rural micro-polluted pit water or micro-polluted water with difficultly degraded organic matters, and providing guarantee for preparing stable, standard and low-cost drinking water.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional mixed particle electrode electrocatalytic oxidation coupled multi-media biological slow filtration integrated water treatment system of the present invention. Wherein, 1-a high-level water pool; 2-electrocatalytic oxidation coupled multi-medium biological slow filter; 3-membrane separation-ultraviolet disinfection tank; 4-a three-dimensional mixed particle electrode electrocatalytic oxidation and biological slow filtration coupling area; 5, an anode plate; 6-a cathode plate; 7-insulating separation net; 8-Fe3O4/SnO2-GO particles; 9-activated carbon; 10-mixing filter materials; 11-volcanic rock filter material area; 12-a modified zeolite filter material zone; 13-a quartz sand filter material area; 14-nylon mesh; 15-a porous support plate; 16-clear water area; 17-a valve; 18-an evacuation valve; 19-ultraviolet disinfector; 20-a microfiltration membrane module; 21-non-potable water outlet; 22-Drinking WaterA water outlet; 23-a valve; 24-an evacuation valve; 25-a direct current stabilized power supply; 26-water distributor.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be better understood, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is clear that the embodiments described are only some but not all embodiments of the invention, and that the scope of protection of the invention is not limited to the embodiments described below.
As shown in figure 1, the three-dimensional mixed particle electrode electrocatalytic oxidation coupling multi-medium biological slow filtration integrated water treatment system comprises a high-level water tank 1, an electrocatalytic oxidation coupling multi-medium biological slow filter 2 and a membrane separation-ultraviolet disinfection tank 3.
The bottom of the high-level water tank 1 is higher than the electrocatalytic oxidation coupling multi-medium biological slow filter 2, so that gravity type water supply is realized.
The bottom of the high-level water tank 1 is provided with a valve 23 which is communicated with a water distributor 26 through a water pipe.
The electrocatalytic oxidation coupling multi-medium biological slow filter 2 sequentially comprises a three-dimensional mixed particle electrode electrocatalytic oxidation and biological slow filter coupling area 4, a volcanic rock filter material area 11, a modified zeolite filter material area 12, a quartz sand filter material area 13 and a clear water area 16 from top to bottom. The bottom of the quartz sand filtering material area 13 is provided with a porous supporting plate 15, and a nylon net 14 with 30-50 meshes is laid on the porous supporting plate to prevent the filtering material from leaking into the clear water area 16; water to be treated sequentially passes through each zone and then enters a clear water zone and then enters a membrane separation-ultraviolet disinfection tank 3 through a valve 17; an emptying valve 24 is arranged at the bottom of the clean water area and is emptied when the filter material needs to be replaced.
The opposite tank walls of the three-dimensional mixed particle electrode electrocatalytic oxidation and biological slow filtration coupling area 4 are respectively and fixedly provided with an anode plate 5 and a cathode plate 6, the surfaces of the anode plate 5 and the cathode plate 6 are covered with an insulating separation net 7, and the coupling area 4 is filled with a mixed filter material 10 serving as a particle electrode. The anode plate 5 can adopt Ti/IrO2、Ti/RuO2-IrO2、Ti/RuO2-IrO2-SnO2When the metal is coated, the cathode plate 6 can adopt carbon felt, graphite particles, foam nickel and the like, and the anode in the embodiment adoptsHigh stability Ti/RuO2- IrO2-SnO2The cathode of the metal coating electrode adopts a foamed nickel electrode with stable gas-liquid-solid three phases; the mixed filter material 10 can be activated carbon and Fe3O4、Fe3O4/SnO2Or Fe3O4/SnO2Mixed particles of GO, the mixed filter material of this example being activated carbon 9 and Fe3O4/SnO2-mixing of GO particles 8 (Fe per unit volume)3O4/SnO2The addition amount of GO particles is 50mg/L, and the rest is activated carbon), and the cathode plate and the anode plate are powered by a direct current stabilized power supply 25.
Said Fe3O4/SnO2-GO particles are made by the steps of: (1) mixing Fe3O4、SnCl4·5H2O, polyethylene glycol 10000 and NaOH as 1: 1.7: 10.2: 1.3, dispersing in a proper amount of deionized water by ultrasonic, mixing for 15min, placing the treated solution in a stainless steel autoclave, keeping at 180 ℃ for 10h, completely cooling, magnetically separating black solids, washing with deionized water, and drying at 60 ℃ for 12h to obtain Fe3O4/SnO2(ii) a (2) The Fe obtained in the first step3O4/SnO2Mixing with GO (graphene with a concentration of 5 mg/ml) water solution in deionized water at a ratio of 10g:20-40ml, placing the mixture in a stainless steel autoclave, keeping at 200 deg.C for 12h, cooling completely, magnetically separating black solid, washing with deionized water, and drying at 60 deg.C for 12h to obtain Fe3O4/SnO2-GO particles 8.
The volcanic rock filter material area 11 is filled with volcanic rock.
The modified zeolite filter material region 12 is filled with modified zeolite.
The quartz sand filtering material area 13 is filled with quartz sand.
The clean water area 16 is used for collecting the treated water flowing out of the quartz sand filtering material area 13.
The modified zeolite is polyferric sulfate modified zeolite, and the preparation process of the polyferric sulfate modified zeolite comprises the following steps: (1) and (3) activation: the zeolite is washed clean by deionized water and then mixed with 0.8mol/L sodium chloride solution in a proportion of 1 g: mixing 10mL of the activated zeolite, shaking at constant temperature, washing with deionized water until the supernatant is neutral, and drying to obtain activated zeolite; (2) mixing and shaking the activated zeolite and polymeric ferric sulfate with the mass percentage concentration of 44% according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:5 (g: ml), washing the mixture with deionized water until no iron ions exist in the solution, and drying the mixture to obtain the polymeric ferric sulfate modified zeolite.
The membrane separation-ultraviolet disinfection tank 3 comprises a microfiltration membrane component 20 and an ultraviolet disinfector 19, wherein the tank wall of the membrane separation-ultraviolet disinfection tank is respectively provided with a water inlet, a non-drinking water outlet 21 and a drinking water outlet 22, the bottom of the tank is provided with an emptying valve 18, the water outlet of the microfiltration membrane component 20 is connected with the water inlet of the ultraviolet disinfector, the water outlet of the ultraviolet disinfector 19 is connected with the drinking water outlet 22, and the microfiltration membrane component 20 adopts a heavy ion nucleopore membrane. The clean water area 16 of the electrocatalytic oxidation coupling multi-medium biological slow filter 2 is connected with the water inlet of the membrane separation-ultraviolet disinfection tank 3 through a valve 17 and a water pipe. Water in the membrane separation-ultraviolet disinfection tank 3 enters the microfiltration membrane component 20 by utilizing the gravity of the water, drinking water treated by the microfiltration membrane component 20 and the ultraviolet disinfector 19 flows out through the drinking water outlet 22, and non-drinking water (not treated by the microfiltration membrane component 20 and the ultraviolet disinfector 19) directly flows out through the non-drinking water outlet 21.
The water treatment process is as follows:
step (1): after entering the high-level water tank 1, the water to be treated enters the water distributor 26 through the valve 23 to be uniformly distributed in a water drop or water film form and fully oxygenated, and then enters the electrocatalytic oxidation coupling multi-medium biological slow filter 2;
step (2): in an electrocatalytic oxidation coupled multi-medium biological slow filter 2, oxygenated water to be treated firstly enters a three-dimensional mixed particle electrode electrocatalytic oxidation and biological slow filter coupling area 4 and then enters a Ti/RuO (titanium/RuO) biological slow filter2-IrO2-SnO2Anode plate 5, nickel foam cathode plate 6 and active carbon and Fe3O4/SnO2In a three-dimensional electrode electrocatalytic oxidation system formed by the mixed filter material 10 consisting of GO particles, after a direct current power supply is switched on, electrocatalytic oxidation is carried outAnd the anode generates:
MOX+ H2O →MO X(·OH) + H+；
MOX(·OH) →MO X+1+ e-；
MOX(·OH) → ½O2 + MO X+ H++ e-；
MO X+1 →½O2 + MO X；
H2O - 2e-→2·OH+2 H+and the like (M represents a metal ion),
and (3) cathode generation: o is2 + 2H++2e-→H2O2Etc. to produce high valence metal oxide with strong oxidation and hydroxyl radical, H2O2When the strong oxidizing agent is used, if chlorine ions exist in the water to be treated, the reaction is generated to generate CLO with strengthening property-：
MO X (·OH) + CL-→MO(HCLO)+ e-；
MO(HCLO) + CL-→MO X+ CL- + e- ；
CL2 + OH-→ CL-+ CLO- + H+。
The active carbon 9 in the mixed filter material 10 has good conductivity and Fe3O4/SnO2 The GO particles 8 are polarized under the action of an electric field to form numerous tiny electrodes in contact with H2O2H when OH is formed by reaction2O2 + Fe2+→Fe3++OH-OH, Fe in the particle electrode2+Conversion to Fe3+At the same time, in Fe3O4Fe disordered on octahedron2+With Fe3+Rapid electron transfer to Fe3+Conversion to Fe2+Ensuring sufficient Fe2+The active sites are used for electro-Fenton reaction, so that the refractory macromolecular organic matters in the water body are oxidized and degraded; meanwhile, the cathode takes nitrite and nitrate as electron acceptors to realize the denitrification process 2NO2 - +6e- +8H+ → N2+4H2O；2NO3 - +10e- +12H+ → N2+6H2And O, the application range of the traditional biological slow filtration is widened. After the water to be treated contacts the mixed filter material 10 for a period of time, a biological film is formed on the surface of the water to be treated, a large number of microorganisms grow and propagate on the surface and in the surface of the water to form a food chain of organic pollutants, bacteria and protozoa, an aerobic layer and an anoxic layer are formed after the biological film is mature, carbon-containing organic matters are oxidized into water and carbon dioxide under the action of heterotrophic bacteria in the surface aerobic layer, the nitrogen-containing organic matters are oxidized into ammonia nitrogen under the action of ammoniation bacteria, the nitrogen-containing organic matters are converted into nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen under the action of nitrobacteria, and the nitrate nitrogen is further converted into nitrogen to overflow under the action of denitrifying bacteria in the anoxic layer of the biological film. And the three-dimensional electrode electrocatalytic oxidation and biological slow filtration in the system have inseparable coupling effect:
1. the activated carbon filter material in the mixed filter material 10 has the characteristics of large specific surface area, good conductivity and strong adsorbability, and can be used as a three-dimensional electrode system formed by a particle electrode and an electrocatalytic oxidation cathode and anode and can also be used as a biological slow filter material.
2. The electrocatalytic oxidation needs the electric catalysis, and the proper current intensity can stimulate the growth and metabolism of microorganisms and improve the activity of the biological enzyme, thereby promoting the growth and the propagation of the biological slow filtration biomembrane and shortening the starting time of the biological slow filtration.
3. The electrocatalytic oxidation degrades the macromolecular organic matters which are difficult to degrade into micromolecular organic matters or water and carbon dioxide, decomposes humus and destroys the internal structure of the organic matters, improves the adsorption effect of the activated carbon and reduces the surface pollution of the filter material.
And (3): the water treated in the step (2) firstly enters a volcanic rock filter material area 11, the volcanic rock has rough surface, high porosity, large specific surface area and strong chemical stability, is suitable for microorganisms to grow and breed on the surface of the volcanic rock, and contains a large amount of metal ions such as Fe, Mg, Ca and the like which can be mixed with NH in the solution4 +Ion exchange occurs to achieve adsorption of NH4 +The object of (a) is to provide a method for producing,the Fe element can improve the activity of microorganisms such as nitrobacteria and the like, accelerate the process of chemical energy synthesis of the microorganisms, the Mg element participates in the metabolism of microbial cells, improve the removal effect of the nitrobacteria on ammonia nitrogen, and the Ca element can enhance the coagulation effect of the microorganisms, so that the formation of a biological film is accelerated, and the water quality stability is improved; then enters a modified zeolite filtering material area 12, the zeolite has good ion exchange capacity and adsorptivity, ammonia nitrogen in water can be removed through the adsorption of molecular ammonia and the exchange of ionic ammonia, and phosphorus in water is usually PO4 3-Is modified by activation so that CL exists in zeolite pores- Phosphorus removal by ion exchange, and surface loading of Fe3+Thus, phosphorus is removed by the positive electricity through the electrostatic adsorption effect, and the problem that the total phosphorus in the water body cannot be removed by the traditional biological slow filtration is solved; finally, the turbidity and the microorganisms of the water to be treated are reduced through a quartz sand filter material area.
And (4): clear water treated in the steps (1), (2) and (3) enters the membrane separation-ultraviolet disinfection tank 3 through a valve 17, turbidity and microorganisms are further removed by utilizing the micro-pore interception effect of the micro-filtration membrane component 20, and water is discharged from a drinking water outlet 22 after sterilization and disinfection, so that the safety of the quality of the discharged water is ensured, and the water quality reaches the sanitary standard of drinking water. The non-drinking water which is not subjected to membrane separation and ultraviolet disinfection directly flows out through the non-drinking water outlet 21, so that dual water supply is realized, and limited water resources are saved.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An electrocatalytic oxidation coupling multi-medium biological slow filter is characterized in that: the electrocatalytic oxidation coupling multi-medium biological slow filter comprises a three-dimensional mixed particle electrode electrocatalytic oxidation and biological slow filter coupling area, a volcanic rock filter material area, a modified zeolite filter material area, a quartz sand filter material area and a clear water area from top to bottom.
2. The electrocatalytic oxidation coupled multi-media biological slow filter according to claim 1, wherein: the three-dimensional mixed particle electrode electrocatalytic oxidation and biological slow filtration coupling area comprises an anode plate and a cathode plate which are positioned at two opposite sides of the three-dimensional mixed particle electrode electrocatalytic oxidation and biological slow filtration coupling area, and a mixed filter material which is filled in the three-dimensional mixed particle electrode electrocatalytic oxidation and biological slow filtration coupling area and is used as a particle electrode;
the surfaces of the anode plate and the cathode plate are respectively covered with an insulating separation net, and the anode plate and the cathode plate are respectively and electrically connected with a direct current power supply.
3. The electrocatalytic oxidation coupled multi-media biological slow filter according to claim 2, wherein:
the anode plate is Ti/IrO2、Ti/RuO2-IrO2Or Ti/RuO2-IrO2-SnO2A metal-coated electrode;
the negative plate is a carbon felt, graphite particles or a foam nickel electrode;
the mixed filter material is active carbon and Fe3O4、Fe3O4/SnO2Or Fe3O4/SnO2-a mixed filter material of GO.
4. The electrocatalytic oxidation coupled multi-media biological slow filter according to claim 1, wherein: a water distributor is arranged above the three-dimensional mixed particle electrode electrocatalytic oxidation and biological slow filtration coupling area, and the clear water area and the quartz sand filter material area are separated by a porous support plate and a nylon net paved on the porous support plate.
5. The electrocatalytic oxidation coupled multi-media biological slow filter according to claim 1, wherein: the modified zeolite is activated by sodium chloride and then modified by polyferric sulfate;
preferably, the modified zeolite is prepared by the following method: (1) and (3) activation: fully mixing zeolite and sodium chloride solution, washing and drying to obtain activated zeolite, wherein the mass ratio of the zeolite to the sodium chloride is 1: 0.1-1; (2) and fully mixing the activated zeolite with a polyferric sulfate solution, washing, and drying to obtain the modified zeolite, wherein the mass and dosage ratio of the activated zeolite to the polyferric sulfate is 1: 1-5.
6. A water treatment system characterized by: the water treatment system comprises a high-level water tank, an electrocatalytic oxidation coupling multi-medium biological slow filter according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and a membrane separation-ultraviolet disinfection tank which are connected in sequence according to water paths.
7. The water treatment system of claim 6, wherein: the membrane separation-ultraviolet disinfection tank comprises a microfiltration membrane component and an ultraviolet disinfector which are sequentially connected according to a water path.
8. The water treatment system of claim 6, wherein: the high-level water tank is connected with a water distributor through a water pipe, and the water distributor is arranged above the electrocatalytic oxidation coupling multi-medium biological slow filter.
9. A method of water treatment comprising: the electrocatalytic oxidation coupling multi-medium biological slow filter as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 is adopted, and a direct-current power supply is used for supplying power to the three-dimensional mixed particle electrode electrocatalytic oxidation and biological slow filter coupling area, so that water to be treated sequentially passes through the three-dimensional mixed particle electrode electrocatalytic oxidation and biological slow filter coupling area, the volcanic rock filter material area, the modified zeolite filter material area, the quartz sand filter material area and the clean water area.
10. The water treatment method according to claim 9, characterized in that: and (3) carrying out membrane separation and ultraviolet disinfection treatment on the clean water in the clean water area, preferably, the water to be treated is pit water, and the water after the ultraviolet disinfection treatment is domestic drinking water.
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