CN113511720A - Electrocatalysis aeration biological filter and aeration method of waste water - Google Patents
Electrocatalysis aeration biological filter and aeration method of waste water Download PDFInfo
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/005—Combined electrochemical biological processes
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F3/06—Aerobic processes using submerged filters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/10—Packings; Fillings; Grids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of sewage treatment, and discloses an electrocatalysis biological aerated filter and a wastewater aeration method. The electrocatalysis aeration biological filter of the invention comprises: a tank body (1) with an upper part at least partially opened; a support structure (5) that divides the tank body (1) into an upper space and a lower space and that is capable of passing water therethrough; a catalyst layer (2) provided in the upper space; a bio-filler layer (3) which is disposed in a stacked manner with the catalyst layer (2) and is disposed below the catalyst layer (2); an aeration unit (11) provided in the lower space; and an electrode (6) provided in the catalyst layer (2). By using the electrocatalysis aeration biological filter, the three-dimensional electrode advanced oxidation technology and the biological membrane technology can be integrated, and the problem that the traditional biochemical method is not thorough in treatment of the industrial wastewater difficult to degrade can be effectively solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sewage treatment, in particular to an electrocatalysis biological aerated filter and an aeration method of waste water.
Background
The treatment of industrial wastewater difficult to degrade is always a difficult problem in the field of sewage treatment. CN201620972914.9 discloses a sewage treatment system based on a two-stage biological aerated filter, which utilizes microorganisms in a filter material layer and the filter material layer to adsorb, intercept and biodegrade organic matters in sewage, and has a limited treatment degree on industrial wastewater difficult to degrade because the method cannot improve the biodegradability of the sewage.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problem of limited treatment degree of refractory industrial wastewater in the prior art, and provides an electrocatalytic biological aerated filter and a wastewater aeration method.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides, in one aspect, an electrocatalytic biological aerated filter, comprising:
a tank body, the upper part of which is at least partially open;
a support structure that divides the tank body into an upper space and a lower space and enables water to pass therethrough;
a catalyst layer provided in the upper space;
a bio-filler layer disposed in a stacked relation with and below the catalyst layer;
an aeration unit provided in the lower space; and
an electrode disposed in the catalyst layer.
Preferably, the upper part of the tank body is completely open.
Preferably, a water inlet unit is arranged above the catalyst layer and used for feeding water into the tank body.
Preferably, the water inlet unit comprises a water inlet pipe and a water distribution pipe connected with the water inlet pipe.
Preferably, the height ratio of the upper space to the lower space is 20-10: 1.
preferably, the catalyst layer is a catalyst layer filled with at least one material selected from the group consisting of FCC spent catalyst, activated carbon particles, and iron carbon particles.
Preferably, the catalyst layer is a catalyst layer filled with FCC dead catalyst.
Preferably, the FCC spent catalyst is obtained by roasting at 500 ℃ to remove oil, then washing with demineralized water to remove salt, drying at 100 ℃ and 110 ℃ and crushing to a specified particle size.
Preferably, the particle size of the material constituting the catalyst layer is 3 to 25 mm.
Preferably, the biological filler layer is filled with at least one material selected from volcanic rock particles, ceramic particles and coke particles.
Preferably, the biological filler layer is a biological filler layer filled with volcanic rock particles.
Preferably, the particle size of the material constituting the bio-filler layer is 0.8 to 3.5 cm.
Preferably, the height ratio of the catalyst layer to the bio-filler layer is 1: 3-5.
Preferably, the electrode is a sheet-like electrode vertically installed in parallel in the catalyst layer.
Preferably, the electrodes comprise anode plates and cathode plates, the anode plates and the cathode plates are alternately arranged, and the plate spacing is 5-15 cm.
Preferably, the anode plate is made of ruthenium-iridium-plated titanium material, and the cathode plate is made of stainless steel material.
Preferably, a physical filler layer is further disposed in the upper space, and the physical filler layer is disposed in a stacked manner with the catalyst layer and the biological filler layer and below the biological filler layer.
Preferably, the physical filler layer is a filler layer filled with at least one material selected from pebbles and ceramic balls;
preferably, the physical packing layer is a packing layer filled with pebbles;
preferably, the particle size of the material constituting the physical filler layer is 4 to 6 cm.
Preferably, the height ratio of the catalyst layer to the physical filler layer is 2-3: 1.
Preferably, the support structure is a perforated plate having a pore size of 2-3 cm.
Preferably, the aeration unit comprises a plurality of aeration heads connected in parallel by pipes.
Preferably, the duct is connected to a wind supply unit.
Preferably, the lower space is provided with a drain pipe.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of aerating wastewater using the electrocatalytic biological aerated filter of the present invention.
Preferably, the COD of the wastewater is 110-140mg/L, and the content of petroleum is 2-5 mg/L; more preferably, the COD of the wastewater is 115-130mg/L, and the content of petroleum is 2.5-3.5 mg/L.
Preferably, the wastewater is biochemical effluent of a finished oil depot and/or biochemical effluent of a sewage treatment plant of an oil refinery.
Preferably, the aeration conditions include: the hydraulic retention time of the biological filler layer is 1-5h, the hydraulic retention time of the catalyst layer is 1-5h, and the volume ratio of gas to water is 3-8: 1, the distance between the plates is 3-13cm, and the current density is 40-80mA/cm2(ii) a More preferably, the aeration conditions include: the hydraulic retention time of the biological filler layer is 2-4h,the hydraulic retention time of the catalyst layer is 1-3h, and the volume ratio of gas to water is 4-6: 1, the distance between the plates is 5-10cm, and the current density is 50-70mA/cm2。
Through the technical scheme, the three-dimensional electrode advanced oxidation technology and the biomembrane technology are integrated, the three-dimensional electrocatalysis technology is utilized to improve the biodegradability of sewage, the organic matters in the sewage are degraded preliminarily, then the aeration biofilter is utilized to further degrade the organic matters in the sewage, and the three-dimensional electrocatalysis technology is combined with the aeration biofilter, so that the treatment effect on the organic matters which are difficult to degrade in the sewage is more thorough.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an electrocatalytic biological aerated filter to which the present invention relates.
Description of the reference numerals
1 pool body 2 catalyst layer
3 biological filler layer 4 physical filler layer
5 support structure 6 electrode
7 wire 8 power supply
9 water inlet pipe and 10 water distribution pipe
11 aeration unit 12 air supply unit
13 pipeline 14 drain pipe
Detailed Description
The endpoints of the ranges and any values disclosed herein are not limited to the precise range or value, and such ranges or values should be understood to encompass values close to those ranges or values. For ranges of values, between the endpoints of each of the ranges and the individual points, and between the individual points may be combined with each other to give one or more new ranges of values, and these ranges of values should be considered as specifically disclosed herein.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an electrocatalytic biological aerated filter according to the present invention, which is described below with reference to FIG. 1.
As shown in FIG. 1, the electrocatalytic biological aerated filter of the invention comprises:
a tank body 1, the upper part of which is at least partially open;
a support structure 5 that divides the tank body 1 into an upper space and a lower space and allows water to pass therethrough;
a catalyst layer 2 provided in the upper space;
a bio-filler layer 3 disposed in a stacked manner with the catalyst layer 2 and disposed below the catalyst layer 2;
an aeration unit 11 provided in the lower space; and
an electrode 6 provided in the catalyst layer 2.
According to the invention, the tank body 1 only has a tank with an upper part partially opened, and preferably, the upper part of the tank body 1 is completely opened. The operation can be facilitated by opening the whole upper part of the tank body 1.
According to the invention, a water inlet unit is arranged above the catalyst layer 2 and used for feeding waste water into the tank body 1. Specifically, by providing the water inlet unit, wastewater is introduced into the catalyst layer 2, and the wastewater passes through the catalyst layer 2, the bio-packing layer 3, the physical packing layer 4 (which passes when the bio-packing layer is set but does not pass when the bio-packing layer is not set) and the discharge structure 5 in sequence, enters the lower space, and is finally discharged through the drain pipe 14 provided in the lower space.
The water inlet means is not particularly limited as long as the above object can be achieved. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water inlet unit may comprise, for example, a water inlet pipe 9 and a water distribution pipe 10 connected to the water inlet pipe 9, the water inlet pipe 9 may be disposed outside the tank body, and the water distribution pipe is disposed above the catalyst layer 2. By arranging the water distribution pipe above the catalyst layer 2, water can uniformly enter the catalyst layer, and the treatment effect of wastewater can be improved.
According to the invention, the tank body 1 is divided into an upper space and a lower space by the support structure 5. From the advantages of uniform aeration, prevention of clogging of the aeration equipment, the height ratio of said upper space to said lower space is preferably 20-10: 1, more preferably 20 to 15: 1.
according to the invention, the catalyst layer 2 is used to form a three-dimensional electrode with an electrode plate. Through setting up catalyst layer 2, have the advantage of three-dimensional electrode and catalyst cooperation high efficiency catalytic oxidation organic pollutant's in water effect. Preferably, the catalyst layer 2 is a catalyst layer filled with at least one material selected from the group consisting of FCC spent catalyst, activated carbon particles and iron carbon particles; more preferably, the catalyst layer 2 is a catalyst layer filled with FCC waste catalyst.
According to the present invention, the particle size of the material constituting the catalyst layer 2 is preferably 3 to 25mm, more preferably 3.5 to 20 mm.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the material constituting the catalyst layer 2 is FCC spent catalyst having a particle size of 3 to 5 mm.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the material constituting the catalyst layer 2 is activated carbon particles having a particle diameter of 3 to 5 mm.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the material constituting the catalyst layer 2 is iron carbon particles having a particle diameter of 10 to 20 mm.
In the invention, the FCC spent catalyst is used as the ion electrode of the three-dimensional electrode, so that the resource utilization of solid wastes is realized. The FCC spent catalyst is obtained by roasting at 500 ℃ to remove oil, then washing with softened water to remove salt, drying at 100 ℃ and 110 ℃ and crushing to obtain the particle size.
According to the invention, the biofilm carrier layer 3 is used for the accretion of growing microbial communities. Through setting up biological filler layer 3, have increase biomass and microorganism kind, the advantage of more thorough degradation organic pollutant in water. Preferably, the biological filler layer 3 is a biological filler layer filled with at least one material selected from volcanic rock particles, ceramic particles and coke particles; more preferably, the biological filler layer 3 is a biological filler layer filled with volcanic rock particles.
According to the invention, the particle size of the material constituting the bio-filler layer 3 is 0.8 to 3.5cm, more preferably 1 to 4cm, and still more preferably 2 to 3.5 cm.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the biological filler layer 4 is filled with granular volcanic rock, the particle size of the volcanic rock is 1.5-3.5cm, and the density is 1.8-2.2g/cm3Specific surface area 8X 104-9×104cm2The filling porosity is 55-65%, and the intra-granular porosity is 20-30%.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the biological filler layer 4 is filled with ceramsite, the particle size of the ceramsite is 3-4cm, and the density of the ceramsite is 1.6-1.8g/cm3Specific surface area 4.2X 104cm2The filling porosity is 10-20 percent and the intra-granular porosity is 30-40 percent.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bio-filler layer 4 is filled with coke particles having a particle size of 1-3cm and a density of 1.8g/cm3Specific surface area 4.2X 104cm2The filling porosity is 35 percent and the intra-granular porosity is 25 percent.
According to the present invention, the height ratio of the catalyst layer 2 to the bio-filler layer 3 is preferably 1: 3-5, more preferably 1: 3-4.
According to the present invention, it is preferable that the electrode is a sheet-like electrode vertically installed in parallel in the catalyst layer 2. In the invention, the sheet-shaped electrode has the advantages of convenient installation and uniform current.
Preferably, the electrodes are connected to a power source 8 via wires 7. The power supply 8 is various power supplies commonly used in the art, and is preferably a direct current power supply.
In the present invention, the electrodes include anode plates and cathode plates, which are alternately arranged, and the plate interval may be 5 to 15cm, preferably 5 to 10 cm. Set up anode plate and negative plate through such interval, have the advantage that electric energy utilization is high.
According to the present invention, preferably, the anode plate is formed using at least one material selected from the group consisting of a ruthenium iridium plated titanium material, a titanium electrode plate, and a stainless steel electrode plate; more preferably, the anode plate is more preferably formed using a ruthenium iridium plated titanium material.
According to the present invention, preferably, the cathode plate is formed using at least one material selected from the group consisting of stainless steel, a titanium electrode plate, and a stainless steel electrode plate; more preferably, the cathode plate is more preferably formed using stainless steel.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the plate interval between the alternate arrangement of the anode plates, which are formed using a ruthenium iridium coated titanium material, and the cathode plates, which are formed using stainless steel, is preferably 5 to 10 cm.
According to the invention, for the purpose, it is preferred that a physical filler layer 4 is also provided in the upper space, which physical filler layer 4 is provided in a stacked arrangement with the catalyst layer 2 and the bio-filler layer 3 and is provided below the bio-filler layer 3. Through setting up physics filler layer 4, have rivers and the even advantage of aeration.
According to the present invention, preferably, the physical packing layer 4 is a packing layer filled with at least one material selected from pebbles and ceramic balls; more preferably, the physical packing layer 4 is a packed layer filled with pebbles.
Preferably, the particle size of the material constituting the physical filler layer 4 is 4-6 cm; more preferably, the particle size of the material constituting the physical filler layer 4 is 5 to 6 cm.
According to the invention, the particle size of each layer is gradually increased, which is beneficial to uniform aeration and oxygenation.
According to the present invention, the height ratio of the catalyst layer 2 to the physical filler layer 4 is preferably 2-3:1, more preferably 2.5:1, for the purpose of uniform aeration oxygenation.
According to the invention, the support structure 5 is a structure that enables water to pass through and is used to support the various layers (catalyst layer 2, bio-filler layer 3 and physical filler layer 4). The support structure 5 may be, for example, a porous plate, a triangular stainless steel strip, or a stainless steel mesh, and is preferably a porous plate. The pore diameter of the porous plate may be 4 to 6cm, preferably 5 to 6cm, as long as the porous plate can support the fillers of each layer.
According to the present invention, preferably, said aeration unit 11 comprises a plurality of aeration heads connected in parallel by means of a conduit 13. The duct 13 is connected to the air supply unit 12, whereby air supplied from the air supply unit 12 is sent to each aeration head through the duct 13 to be aerated.
The air supply unit 12 may be various devices commonly used in the art for supplying air, and may be, for example, a blower.
According to the invention, the lower space is preferably provided with a drain pipe 14 for draining water from the lower space.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of aerating wastewater using the electrocatalytic biological aerated filter of the present invention.
According to the aeration method of the present invention, it can be used for aeration of various waste water, and is particularly suitable for treatment of waste water containing petroleum, and such waste water can be, for example, produced oil depot biochemical effluent and/or refinery sewage treatment plant biochemical effluent.
Preferably, the COD of the wastewater is 110-140mg/L, and the content of petroleum is 2-5 mg/L; more preferably, the COD of the wastewater is 115-130mg/L, and the content of petroleum is 2.5-3.5 mg/L.
According to the aeration method of the present invention, preferably, the aeration conditions include: the hydraulic retention time of the biological filler layer is 1-5h, the hydraulic retention time of the catalyst layer is 1-5h, and the volume ratio of gas to water is 3-8: 1, the distance between the plates is 3-13cm, and the current density is 40-80mA/cm2(ii) a More preferably, the aeration conditions include: the hydraulic retention time of the biological filler layer is 2-4h, the hydraulic retention time of the catalyst layer is 1-3h, and the volume ratio of gas to water is 4-6: 1, the distance between the plates is 5-10cm, and the current density is 50-70mA/cm2。
The method for aerating wastewater according to the invention is preferably carried out as follows.
Wastewater enters the tank body 1 from the upper part of the tank body 1 through a water inlet pipe 9 and is communicated with a water distribution pipe 10; the sewage enters the catalyst layer 2 after being uniformly distributed by the water distribution pipe 10; an air supply unit (preferably a blower) 12 sends air to an aeration head arranged at the bottom of the lower space of the tank body 1 through a pipeline 13, and the air is dispersed into small bubbles through the aeration head to be fedEnters the tank body 1 to be mixed with water, and oxygen is supplied to the water; after the wastewater enters the catalyst layer 2, OH intermediates with strong oxidizability are generated under the action of a three-dimensional electrode formed by an electrode 6 (preferably an electrode plate) and the catalyst layer 2, which are electrified with direct current, and simultaneously, dissolved oxygen in the water is reduced into H on a cathode2O2，H2O2Further decomposing the wastewater into OH intermediate under the action of a catalyst, oxidizing organic matters in water into low-carbon organic matters by OH or completely mineralizing the organic matters, and improving the biodegradability of the wastewater; wastewater flows downwards out of the catalyst layer 2 and then enters the biological filler layer 3, and pollutants in the wastewater are removed through the adsorption and interception functions of a biological membrane and a polymer attached to the filler, the microbial oxidative decomposition function and the food chain graded predation function formed along the water flow direction in the biological filler layer 3; the wastewater flows downwards out of the biological filler layer 3, passes through the physical filling layer (preferably a pebble layer) 4 and the support structure 5 (preferably a porous plate) to be subjected to lower space, and is finally discharged from the bottom of the tank body 1 through a drain pipe 14.
The present invention will be described in detail below by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
The following examples and comparative examples adopt the electrocatalytic biological aerated filter shown in fig. 1, and as shown in fig. 1, wastewater enters the tank 1 from the upper part of the tank 1 through a water inlet pipe 9 and is communicated with a water distribution pipe 10; the sewage enters the catalyst layer 2 after being uniformly distributed by the water distribution pipe 10; an air supply unit (blower) 12 sends air to an aeration head arranged at the bottom of the lower space of the tank body 1 through a pipeline 13, the air is dispersed into small bubbles through the aeration head and enters the tank body 1 to be mixed with water, and oxygen is supplied to the water; after the wastewater enters the catalyst bed 2, OH intermediates with strong oxidizability are generated under the action of a three-dimensional electrode formed by an electrode 6 (an electrode plate) and a catalyst layer 2 which are electrified with direct current, and meanwhile, dissolved oxygen in the water is reduced to H on a cathode2O2，H2O2Further decomposing the wastewater into OH intermediate under the action of a catalyst, oxidizing organic matters in water into low-carbon organic matters by OH or completely mineralizing the organic matters, and improving the biodegradability of the wastewater; the wastewater flows downwards out of the catalyst layer 2 and then enters the biological filler layer 3, and a biological film is attached to the filler in the biological filler layer 3And polymer (the microorganism in the water is attached to the filler, the pollutant in the sewage is used as nutrition to grow and reproduce to generate a biological membrane, and the outside of the biological membrane is accompanied with the generation of polymers such as polysaccharide and the like), the adsorption and interception functions of the microorganism are oxidized and decomposed, and the food chain grading predation function formed along the water flow direction is realized, so that the removal of the pollutant in the wastewater is realized; the wastewater flows downwards out of the biological packing layer 3, passes through the physical packing layer 4 and the support structure 5 to be subjected to lower space, and is finally discharged from the bottom of the tank body 1 through the drain pipe 14. Wherein the height ratio of the catalyst layer 2 to the biological filler layer 3 is 1: 4, the height ratio of the catalyst layer 2 to the physical filler layer 4 is 2.5:1, the height ratio of the upper space to the lower space is 15: 1, adopting ruthenium-iridium coated titanium material as an anode plate and adopting stainless steel material as a cathode plate. The specific conditions and the operation results of the examples are as follows.
Example 1
Equipment conditions:
catalyst layer 2: the filler is formed by filling FCC waste catalyst, and is obtained by roasting the FCC waste catalyst at 500 ℃ to remove oil, then washing the FCC waste catalyst by softened water to remove salt, drying the FCC waste catalyst at 100 ℃ and crushing the FCC waste catalyst to a specified particle size; the grain diameter of the catalyst layer filler is 3-4 mm.
And (3) biological filler layer: the filler is formed by filling volcanic rock, the particle size of the volcanic rock is 2-3cm, and the density is 1.9-2.3g/cm3Specific surface area 8X 104-9×104cm2(ii)/g, 60% of filling porosity and 25% of intra-granular porosity.
Physical filler layer 4: the filler is filled by pebbles, and the particle size of the pebbles is 4-6 cm.
Perforated plate 5: the pore diameter is 2.5 cm.
The operation parameters are as follows:
hydraulic retention time: a biological packing layer 3h, a catalyst layer 2h, a gas-water ratio (volume ratio) 5:1, the distance between the polar plates is 10cm, and the current density is 50mA/cm2；
Treating raw water: biochemical effluent of a finished oil depot, COD: 127mg/L, 3mg/L of petroleum;
and (3) treating effluent: COD: 80mg/L and 0.5mg/L of petroleum.
Example 2
The equipment conditions were the same as in example 1.
The operation parameters are as follows:
hydraulic retention time: a biological packing layer 3h, a catalyst layer 2h, a gas-water ratio (volume ratio) 7: 1, the distance between the polar plates is 5cm, and the current density is 70mA/cm2；
Treating raw water: biochemical effluent of a finished oil depot, COD: 119mg/L, 3mg/L of petroleum;
and (3) treating effluent: COD: 78mg/L and petroleum 0.5 mg/L.
Example 3
The equipment conditions were the same as in example 1.
The operation parameters are as follows:
hydraulic retention time: a biological packing layer 3h, a catalyst layer 2h, a gas-water ratio (volume ratio) 5:1, the distance between the polar plates is 10cm, and the current density is 50mA/cm2；
Treating raw water: biochemical effluent of a sewage treatment field of an oil refinery, COD: 123mg/L, BOD 5: 28mg/L, ammonia nitrogen: 8mg/L, petroleum: 3 mg/L;
and (3) treating effluent: COD: 75mg/L, BOD 5: 16mg/L, ammonia nitrogen: 2mg/L, petroleum: 0.9 mg/L.
Example 4
The equipment conditions were the same as in example 1.
The operation parameters are as follows:
hydraulic retention time: a biological packing layer 3h, a catalyst layer 2h, a gas-water ratio (volume ratio) 7: 1, the distance between the polar plates is 5cm, and the current density is 70mA/cm2；
Treating raw water: biochemical effluent of a sewage treatment field of an oil refinery, COD: 135mg/L, BOD 5: 33mg/L, ammonia nitrogen: 12mg/L, petroleum: 3 mg/L;
and (3) treating effluent: COD: 68mg/L, BOD 5: 13mg/L, ammonia nitrogen: 1mg/L, petroleum: 0.8 mg/L.
Example 5
Equipment conditions:
catalyst layer 2: the filler is formed by filling FCC waste catalyst, and is obtained by roasting the FCC waste catalyst at 500 ℃ to remove oil, then washing the FCC waste catalyst by softened water to remove salt, drying the FCC waste catalyst at 100 ℃ and crushing the FCC waste catalyst to a specified particle size; the grain diameter of the catalyst layer filler is 3-25 mm.
And (3) biological filler layer: the ceramsite has the grain diameter of 3-4cm and the density of 1.6-1.8g/cm3Specific surface area 4.2X 104cm2The filling porosity is 10 percent and the intra-granular porosity is 30 to 35 percent.
Physical filler layer 4: pebbles with the particle size of 4-6 cm.
Perforated plate 5: the pore diameter is 2.5 cm.
The operation parameters are as follows:
hydraulic retention time: a biological packing layer 3h, a catalyst layer 2h, a gas-water ratio (volume ratio) 5:1, the distance between the polar plates is 10cm, and the current density is 50mA/cm2；
Treating raw water: biochemical effluent of a finished oil depot, COD: 127mg/L, 3mg/L of petroleum;
and (3) treating effluent: COD: 89mg/L and 1mg/L of petroleum.
Example 6
Equipment conditions:
catalyst layer 2: the filler is formed by filling FCC waste catalyst, and is obtained by roasting the FCC waste catalyst at 500 ℃ to remove oil, then washing the FCC waste catalyst by softened water to remove salt, drying the FCC waste catalyst at 100 ℃ and crushing the FCC waste catalyst to a specified particle size; the grain diameter of the catalyst layer filler is 3-25 mm.
And (3) biological filler layer: coke particles with a particle size of 1-3cm and a density of 2g/cm3Specific surface area 6X 104cm2The filling porosity is 35 percent and the intra-granular porosity is 25 percent.
Physical filler layer 4: the particle size of the ceramic balls is 4-6 cm.
Perforated plate 5: the pore diameter is 2.5 cm.
The operation parameters are as follows:
hydraulic retention time: a biological packing layer 3h, a catalyst layer 2h, a gas-water ratio (volume ratio) 5:1, the distance between the polar plates is 10cm, and the current density is 50mA/cm2；
Treating raw water: biochemical effluent of a finished oil depot, COD: 127mg/L, 3mg/L of petroleum;
and (3) treating effluent: COD: 85mg/L and 1.3mg/L of petroleum.
Example 7
Equipment conditions:
catalyst layer 2: activated carbon particles; the grain diameter of the catalyst layer filler is 3-5 mm.
And (3) biological filler layer: the filler is formed by filling volcanic rock, the particle size of the volcanic rock is 2-3cm, and the density is 1.9-2.3g/cm3Specific surface area 8X 104-9×104cm2(ii)/g, 60% of filling porosity and 25% of intra-granular porosity.
Physical filler layer 4: pebbles, wherein the particle size of the pebbles is 4-6 cm.
Perforated plate 5: the pore diameter is 2.5 cm.
The operation parameters are as follows:
hydraulic retention time: a biological packing layer 3h, a catalyst layer 2h, a gas-water ratio (volume ratio) 5:1, the distance between the polar plates is 10cm, and the current density is 50mA/cm2；
Treating raw water: biochemical effluent of a finished oil depot, COD: 127mg/L, 3mg/L of petroleum;
and (3) treating effluent: COD: 88mg/L and 1.6mg/L of petroleum.
Example 8
Equipment conditions:
catalyst layer 2: activated carbon particles; the grain diameter of the catalyst layer filler is 3-5 mm.
And (3) biological filler layer: the ceramsite has the grain diameter of 3-4cm and the density of 1.6-1.8g/cm3Specific surface area 4.2X 104cm2The filling porosity is 10 percent and the intra-granular porosity is 30 to 35 percent. .
Physical filler layer 4: pebbles, wherein the particle size of the pebbles is 4-6 cm.
Perforated plate 5: the pore diameter is 2.5 cm.
The operation parameters are as follows:
hydraulic retention time: a biological packing layer 3h, a catalyst layer 2h, a gas-water ratio (volume ratio) 5:1, the distance between the polar plates is 10cm, and the current density is 50mA/cm2；
Treating raw water: biochemical effluent of a finished oil depot, COD: 127mg/L, 3mg/L of petroleum;
and (3) treating effluent: COD: 93mg/L and 1.8mg/L of petroleum.
Example 9
Equipment conditions:
catalyst layer 2: iron-carbon particles; the grain diameter of the catalyst layer filler is 10-20 mm.
And (3) biological filler layer: coke particles with a particle size of 1-3cm and a density of 2g/cm3Specific surface area 6X 104cm2/g, filling porosity 35%, and intra-granular porosity 25%.
Physical filler layer 4: the particle size of the ceramic balls is 4-6 cm.
Perforated plate 5: the pore diameter is 2.5 cm.
The operation parameters are as follows:
hydraulic retention time: a biological packing layer 3h, a catalyst layer 2h, a gas-water ratio (volume ratio) 5:1, the distance between the polar plates is 10cm, and the current density is 50mA/cm2；
Treating raw water: biochemical effluent of a finished oil depot, COD: 127mg/L, 3mg/L of petroleum;
and (3) treating effluent: COD: 96mg/L and 1.7mg/L of petroleum.
Example 10
The procedure of example 1 was followed, except that no physical packing layer 4 was provided, and as a result, effluent was treated: COD: 86mg/L and 1.6mg/L of petroleum.
Comparative example 1
The procedure of example 1 was followed, except that no bio-packing layer 2 was provided, and as a result, effluent was treated: COD: 101mg/L and 2.3mg/L of petroleum.
Comparative example 2
The procedure of example 1 was followed, except that the catalyst layer 2 and the electrodes were not provided, with the result that effluent was treated: COD: 108mg/L and 1.5mg/L of petroleum.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above in detail, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the technical idea of the invention, many simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the invention, including combinations of various technical features in any other suitable way, and these simple modifications and combinations should also be regarded as the disclosure of the invention, and all fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (18)
1. An electrocatalytic biological aerated filter, comprising:
a tank body (1) with an upper part at least partially opened;
a support structure (5) that divides the tank body (1) into an upper space and a lower space and that is capable of passing water therethrough;
a catalyst layer (2) provided in the upper space;
a bio-filler layer (3) which is disposed in a stacked manner with the catalyst layer (2) and is disposed below the catalyst layer (2);
an aeration unit (11) provided in the lower space; and
an electrode (6) provided in the catalyst layer (2).
2. An electrocatalytic biological aerated filter according to claim 1, wherein the upper side of the cell body (1) is entirely open.
3. An electrocatalytic biological aerated filter according to claim 1, wherein a water inlet unit is provided above said catalyst layer (2) for feeding water into said tank (1);
preferably, the water inlet unit comprises a water inlet pipe (9) and a water distribution pipe (10) connected with the water inlet pipe (9).
4. An electrocatalytic biological aerated filter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the ratio of the height of the upper space to the lower space is 20-10: 1.
5. an electrocatalytic biological aerated filter according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the catalyst layer (2) is a catalyst layer filled with at least one material selected from the group consisting of FCC spent catalyst, activated carbon granules and iron carbon granules;
preferably, the catalyst layer (2) is a catalyst layer filled with FCC dead catalyst;
preferably, the FCC spent catalyst is obtained by roasting at 500 ℃ to remove oil, then washing with softened water to remove salt, drying at 100-110 ℃ and crushing to specified particle size;
preferably, the particle size of the material constituting the catalyst layer (2) is 3 to 25 mm.
6. An electrocatalytic biological aerated filter according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the biological filler layer (3) is a biological filler layer filled with at least one material selected from volcanic rock particles, ceramic particles, coke particles and expanded aluminosilicate particles;
preferably, the biological filler layer (3) is a biological filler layer filled with volcanic rock particles;
preferably, the particle size of the material constituting the bio-filler layer (3) is 0.8-3.5 cm.
7. An electrocatalytic biological aerated filter according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the height ratio of the catalyst layer (2) to the biofilm layer (3) is 1: 3-5.
8. An electrocatalytic biological aerated filter according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein said electrode is a sheet-like electrode mounted vertically in parallel in said catalyst layer (2);
preferably, the electrodes are connected to a power source (8) by wires (7).
9. An electrocatalytic aerated biofilter according to claim 7, wherein said electrodes comprise anode plates and cathode plates, the anode plates and cathode plates being arranged alternately with a plate spacing of 5-15 cm;
preferably, the anode plate is made of ruthenium-iridium-plated titanium material, and the cathode plate is made of stainless steel material.
10. An electrocatalytic biological aerated filter according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein a physical filler layer (4) is further arranged in said upper space, said physical filler layer (4) being arranged in a stack with said catalyst layer (2) and said biological filler layer (3) and being arranged below said biological filler layer (3).
11. An electrocatalytic biological aerated filter according to claim 10, wherein the physical filler layer (4) is a filler layer filled with at least one material selected from pebbles and ceramic balls;
preferably, the physical packing layer (4) is a packing layer filled with pebbles;
preferably, the particle size of the material constituting the physical filler layer (4) is 4-8 cm.
12. An electrocatalytic biological aerated filter according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the height ratio of the catalyst layer (2) to the physical filler layer (4) is 2-3: 1.
13. an electrocatalytic biological aerated filter according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein said support structure (5) is a perforated plate having a pore size of 2-3 cm.
14. An electrocatalytic biological aerated filter according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the aeration unit (11) comprises a plurality of aeration heads connected in parallel by means of a conduit (13);
preferably, the duct (13) is connected to a wind supply unit (12).
15. An electrocatalytic biological aerated filter according to claim 14 wherein said lower space is provided with a drain (14).
16. A method of aerating wastewater, which comprises using the electrocatalytic biological aerated filter according to any one of claims 1 to 15.
17. The aeration method according to claim 16, wherein the wastewater COD is 110-140mg/L, and the petroleum is 2-5 mg/L;
preferably, the COD of the wastewater is 115-130mg/L, and the content of petroleum is 2.5-3.5 mg/L;
preferably, the wastewater is biochemical effluent of a finished oil depot and/or biochemical effluent of a sewage treatment plant of an oil refinery.
18. An aeration method according to claim 16 or 17, wherein the aeration conditions include: the hydraulic retention time of the biological filler layer is 1-5h, the hydraulic retention time of the catalyst layer is 1-5h, and the volume ratio of gas to water is 3-8: 1, the distance between the plates is 3-13cm, and the current density is 40-80mA/cm2；
Preferably, the aeration conditions include: the hydraulic retention time of the biological filler layer is 2-4h, the hydraulic retention time of the catalyst layer is 1-3h, and the volume ratio of gas to water is 4-6: 1, the distance between the plates is 5-10cm, and the current density is 50-70mA/cm2。
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