CN114161324B - Post-mixing foam abrasive jet rock breaking experimental system and method - Google Patents
Post-mixing foam abrasive jet rock breaking experimental system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114161324B CN114161324B CN202111329904.5A CN202111329904A CN114161324B CN 114161324 B CN114161324 B CN 114161324B CN 202111329904 A CN202111329904 A CN 202111329904A CN 114161324 B CN114161324 B CN 114161324B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C3/00—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C7/00—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts
- B24C7/0007—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts the abrasive material being fed in a liquid carrier
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C9/00—Appurtenances of abrasive blasting machines or devices, e.g. working chambers, arrangements for handling used abrasive material
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Abstract
The invention discloses a post-mixing foam abrasive jet rock breaking experimental system and an experimental method, wherein the experimental system comprises a foam preparation device for preparing foam, a foam supercharging device for supercharging and an abrasive foam jet flow generation device for forming jet flow, which are sequentially connected, the foam preparation device enables generated foam to enter a liquid inlet end of the foam supercharging device through a liquid outlet end of a heating device, and supercharged foam fluid enters a liquid inlet end of an energy accumulator in the abrasive foam jet flow generation device for storage through a liquid outlet end of a supercharging cylinder. The experiment system is reasonable in design, and can realize experimental research on the influence of the foam jet flow on the rock breaking performance, the influence of the foam quality on the rock breaking effect, the influence of the foam abrasive jet flow on different physical property parameters, structural parameters and operation parameters in the rock breaking effect test and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of jet flow rock breaking experiment systems, and particularly relates to a post-mixing foam abrasive material jet flow rock breaking experiment system and an experiment method.
Background
The horizontal well multistage fracturing technology becomes one of the main modes of the current unconventional oil and gas field exploitation, but the current unconventional oil and gas field multistage fracturing has the problem of easy leakage, the foam fracturing is required to replace the hydraulic fracturing technology, compared with the conventional fracturing construction, the foam fracturing becomes an effective novel means for the current unconventional oil and gas field reservoir reconstruction due to the advantages of small formation damage, low filtration loss, less well entering liquid, rapid flowback, strong sand carrying capacity and the like, and on the other hand, under the severe environment-friendly situation, the characteristics of less foam fracturing single well entering liquid, less flowback liquid amount and the like also provide a solution for the difficult problem of fracturing flowback liquid treatment. However, the damage mechanism of the foam abrasive jet to different lithologies is not clear at present, and the parameter setting basis is lacked, so that the invention provides the post-mixing foam abrasive jet experimental system which is reasonable in design and can realize experimental research on the influence of the foam pure jet on the rock breaking performance, the influence of the foam quality on the rock breaking effect, the influence of the foam jet on the rock breaking performance under different physical parameters, structural parameters and operation parameters such as the test of the rock breaking effect of the foam abrasive jet.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to realize the acquisition of parameters in the foam abrasive material jet process and facilitate the research on rock breaking mechanisms with different lithological properties, the invention provides a post-mixing foam abrasive material jet experimental system which is reasonable in design and can be used for researching the rock breaking characteristics of foam jet under different operating parameters, physical parameters and structural parameters.
The utility model provides a rock breaking experiment system is spouted to back mixing foam abrasive material efflux, the experiment system is including the foam preparation device, foam supercharging device and the foam abrasive material efflux generation device that connect gradually, foam supercharging device includes oil tank, oil pump, second check valve, proportional overflow valve, solenoid directional valve, pressurized cylinder, third check valve, fourth check valve, fifth check valve and sixth check valve, the oil tank goes out the oil end and links to each other with the oil feed end of oil pump, and the oil end of oil pump links to each other with the second check valve oil feed end, and the oil end of second check valve is connected the oil feed end and the solenoid directional valve of proportional overflow valve respectively, and the oil feed end of solenoid directional valve and postbox is connected respectively to the oil feed end of proportional overflow valve, and two connect the output ends of solenoid directional valve respectively with the left and right sides high-pressure cavity of pressurized cylinder, the foam that the foam preparation device prepared divides the two ways through the high-pressure pipeline and foam abrasive material generation device, and foam abrasive material production device behind the high-pressure hose in proper order through the left side high-pressure cavity of third check valve, pressurized cylinder, fourth check valve and foam abrasive material efflux generation device, the foam material production device is in proper order through another side high-pressure hose and abrasive material efflux device, and foam grinding material production device behind the foam grinding material production device, foam.
Further, the foam preparation device comprises a solution pool, a first plunger pump, a gate valve, a pressure gauge, a foaming agent pool, a dosing pump, a foam generation device, a heating device, an air storage tank, a first check valve, a pressure reducing valve, a flowmeter, a low-temperature heat exchange system and a second plunger pump; the liquid outlet end of the solution pool is connected with the liquid inlet end of the first plunger pump, the liquid outlet end of the first plunger pump is connected with the gate valve and the pressure gauge, the liquid outlet end of the foaming agent pool is connected with the liquid inlet end of the dosing pump, the gas storage tank, the first check valve, the pressure reducing valve, the flow meter, the low-temperature heat exchange system and the second plunger pump are sequentially connected, the liquid outlet end of the pressure gauge, the liquid outlet end of the dosing pump and the liquid outlet end of the second plunger pump are connected with the liquid inlet end of the foam generating device, and foam generated by the foam generating device is heated by the heating device and then enters the foam boosting device through a high-pressure pipeline.
Further, the abrasive foam jet flow generation device comprises an energy accumulator, a jet flow valve, a sand supply device, a sand supply valve and a nozzle; the pressure-bearing foam output by the foam supercharging device enters the energy accumulator, the liquid outlet end of the energy accumulator is connected with the liquid inlet end of the jet valve, the liquid outlet end of the jet valve is connected with the liquid inlet end of the nozzle, the sand outlet end of the sand supply device is connected with the sand inlet end of the sand supply valve, and the sand outlet end of the sand supply valve is connected with the sand inlet end of the nozzle.
Furthermore, the foam pressurizing mode of the foam pressurizing device is that when the left electromagnet of the electromagnetic directional valve is electrified, pressure oil generated by the oil pump enters the left high-pressure cavity of the pressurizing cylinder and pushes the piston body in the pressurizing cylinder to move rightwards, foam in the right high-pressure cavity of the pressurizing cylinder is continuously compressed, the pressure oil enters the energy accumulator through the fifth one-way valve when certain pressure is reached, the volume of the left high-pressure cavity is continuously increased while the right high-pressure cavity is compressed, low-pressure foam flows into the left high-pressure cavity of the pressurizing cylinder through the left third one-way valve, when the piston moves rightwards to the stroke end point, the pressure oil enters the right high-pressure cavity of the pressurizing cylinder and pushes the piston body and the plunger rod leftwards, the foam in the left high-pressure cavity enters the energy accumulator through the fourth one-way valve, the right high-pressure cavity is synchronously supplemented with low-pressure foam through the sixth one-way valve, and the steps are repeated in such a cycle, and stable high-pressure foam is formed.
An experimental method of a post-mixing foam abrasive jet rock breaking experimental system comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparing experimental materials, wherein the experimental materials comprise a gas storage tank filled with gas, distilled water, chemicals, a thickening agent, a cross-linking agent, granite and a high-pressure rubber hose;
and 2, step: connecting experiment pipelines, namely sequentially connecting a foam preparation device, a foam supercharging device and a foam abrasive jet flow generation device through a high-pressure pipe, placing a pressure reducing valve of the foam preparation device in a half-open state before an experiment to ensure that an open-flow pipeline is smooth, checking the air tightness of the pipeline, opening the foam generation device in the foam preparation device, adjusting the pressure reducing valve to proper outlet pressure, opening the foam supercharging device and adjusting a jet valve;
and 3, step 3: testing the influence of the foam quality on the rock breaking effect: the size of the pressure reducing valve is adjusted to control the gas flow so as to generate foam jet flows with different qualities, and the foam jet flows are used for testing the influence of foam pure jet flows and foam abrasive jet flows with different foam qualities on the rock breaking effect;
and 4, step 4: testing the foam pure jet flow rock breaking effect: and closing a sand supply valve of the foam abrasive jet flow generation device, and adjusting a jet valve of the foam abrasive jet flow generation device to different positions to generate different foam jet flow speeds so as to test the influence of foam pure jet flow under different foam jet flow outlet speeds on the rock breaking effect.
And 5: and (3) testing the rock breaking effect of the foam abrasive jet: and adjusting a jet valve of the foam abrasive jet flow generation device to a proper position to generate stable foam fluid, opening a sand supply valve of the foam abrasive jet flow generation device and adjusting the size of the sand supply valve, and testing the influence of the abrasive foam jet flow of the abrasive under different volume fractions on the rock breaking effect.
Further, the chemicals are NaCl, KCl, mgCl 2 、CaCl 2
The device has the beneficial effects that the experimental system is reasonable in design, and can realize experimental research on the influence of the foam jet flow on the rock breaking performance, the influence of the foam quality on the rock breaking effect, the test of the rock breaking effect of the foam abrasive jet flow and the like under different physical parameters, structural parameters and operating parameters.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a structural block diagram of a post-mixing foam abrasive jet rock breaking experimental system.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration only, not by way of limitation, i.e., the embodiments described are intended as a selection of the best mode contemplated for carrying out the invention, not as a full mode.
As shown in fig. 1, the post-mixing foam abrasive jet rock breaking experimental system of the present invention comprises a foam preparation device for foam preparation, a foam pressurization device for pressurization, and an abrasive foam jet flow generation device for forming jet flow;
the foam preparation device comprises a solution pool 1, a first plunger pump 2, a gate valve 3, a pressure gauge 4, a foaming agent pool 5, a dosing pump 6, a foam generating device 7, a heating device 8, a gas storage tank 9, a first one-way valve 10, a pressure reducing valve 11, a flow meter 12, a low-temperature heat exchange system 13 and a second plunger pump 14; the liquid outlet end of the solution pool 1 is connected with the liquid inlet end of a first plunger pump 2, the liquid outlet end of the first plunger pump 2 is connected with a gate valve 3 and a pressure gauge 4, the liquid outlet end of a foaming agent pool 5 is connected with the liquid inlet end of a dosing pump 6, the liquid outlet end of a gas storage tank 9 is connected with the liquid inlet end of a first check valve 10, the liquid outlet end of the first check valve 10 is connected with the liquid inlet end of a pressure reducing valve 11, the liquid outlet end of the pressure reducing valve 11 is connected with the liquid inlet end of a flowmeter 12, the liquid outlet end of the flowmeter 12 is connected with the liquid inlet end of a low-temperature heat exchange system 13, the liquid inlet end of a second plunger pump 14 at the liquid outlet end of the low-temperature heat exchange system 13 is connected, the liquid outlet end of the pressure gauge 4, the liquid outlet end of the dosing pump 6 and the liquid outlet end of a second plunger pump 14 are connected with the liquid inlet end of a foam generating device 7, and the liquid inlet end of the foam generating device 7 is connected with the liquid inlet end of a heating device 8;
the foam supercharging device comprises an oil tank 15, an oil pump 16, a second one-way valve 17, a proportional overflow valve 18, an electromagnetic directional valve 19, a supercharging cylinder 20, a third one-way valve 21, a fourth one-way valve 22, a fifth one-way valve 23 and a sixth one-way valve 24; the oil outlet end of the oil tank 15 is connected with the oil inlet end of the oil pump 16, the oil outlet end of the oil pump 16 is connected with the oil inlet end of the second one-way valve 17, the oil outlet end of the second one-way valve 17 is respectively connected with the oil inlet end of the proportional overflow valve 18 and the electromagnetic directional valve 19, the electromagnetic directional valve 19 is connected with the oil inlet and outlet ends of the pressure cylinder 20, and the liquid inlet and outlet ends of the pressure cylinder 20 are respectively connected with the third one-way valve 21, the fourth one-way valve 22, the fifth one-way valve 23 and the sixth one-way valve 24;
the abrasive foam jet flow generation device comprises an energy accumulator 25, a jet flow valve 26, a sand supply device 27, a sand supply valve 28 and a nozzle 29; the liquid outlet end of the energy accumulator 25 is connected with the liquid inlet end of the jet valve 26, the liquid outlet end of the jet valve 26 is connected with the liquid inlet end of the nozzle 29, the sand outlet end of the sand supply device 28 is connected with the sand inlet end of the sand supply valve 28, and the sand outlet end of the sand supply valve 28 is connected with the sand inlet end of the nozzle 29.
The system of the invention, when in use:
the foam preparation device mainly provides foam fluid for the system, and the specific implementation mode is as follows: the first plunger pump 2 and the dosing pump 6 pump the fracturing fluid in the solution pool 1 and the foaming agent in the foaming agent pool into the foam generating device 7 respectively, the gas in the gas storage tank enters the low-temperature heat exchange system 13 through the first check valve 10 and the pressure reducing valve 11, and the second plunger pump pumps the gas in the low-temperature heat exchange system 13 into the foam generating device 7, so that the fracturing fluid, the foaming agent and the gas are fully mixed to form foam. The generated foam is heated by the heating device 8 and then enters the foam boosting device through the high-pressure pipeline.
The foam pressure boosting device mainly improves foam pressure, and the specific implementation mode is as follows: when the left electromagnet of the electromagnetic directional valve 19 is electrified, pressure oil generated by the oil pump 16 enters an oil cavity at the left end of the pressure cylinder 20 and pushes the piston body to move right, foam in the cavity at the right side of the pressure cylinder 20 is continuously compressed, and the fifth one-way valve 23 at the right side is pushed to enter the energy accumulator 25 when certain pressure is reached. Meanwhile, the volume of the left high-pressure chamber is continuously increased, and low-pressure foam flows into the left high-pressure chamber of the pressurizing cylinder 20 through the left third check valve 21. When the piston moves to the stroke end in the right direction, pressure oil enters the right oil cavity of the pressure cylinder 20, the piston body and the plunger rod are pushed leftwards, foam in the left high-pressure cavity enters the energy accumulator 25 through the fourth one-way valve 22, low-pressure foam is synchronously supplemented into the right high-pressure cavity through the sixth one-way valve 24, and the steps are repeated in such a circulating mode to form stable high-pressure foam.
The abrasive foam jet flow generating device mainly generates a continuous and stable high-pressure foam abrasive jet flow, and the specific implementation mode is as follows: the high-pressure foam generated by the supercharging device is stored in the energy accumulator 25 through a high-pressure pipeline, enters the nozzle 29 through the adjusting jet valve 26 to generate stable pure foam jet flow, the abrasive in the sand supply device is uniformly added into the nozzle 29 through the adjusting sand supply valve 28, and the pure foam and the abrasive are accelerated in the nozzle and then are sprayed out to form stable high-pressure foam abrasive jet flow.
The invention discloses a post-mixing foam abrasive jet rock breaking experimental method which comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparing experimental materials, a gas storage tank filled with gas, distilled water, chemicals (NaCl, KCl, mgCl2, caCl 2), additives such as thickening agents, crosslinking agents and the like, granite and other experimental materials;
step 2: connecting an experiment pipeline, connecting a foam generating device, a foam pressurizing device and a jet flow generating device through a high-pressure pipe, connecting instruments such as a pressure gauge and the like, placing a pressure reducing valve 11 in a half-open state before an experiment, ensuring the smoothness of a blowout pipeline, checking the air tightness of the pipeline, opening the foam generating device, adjusting a pressure reducing valve to a proper outlet pressure, opening the foam pressurizing device and adjusting the jet flow valve;
and step 3: the method comprises the following steps of (1) adjusting the size of a pressure reducing valve to control the gas flow so as to generate foam jet flows with different qualities, and testing the influence of the foam pure jet flow and the foam abrasive jet flow under different foam qualities on the rock breaking effect;
and 4, step 4: and (3) testing the rock breaking effect of the foam pure jet, closing the sand supply valve, adjusting the jet valve to different positions to generate different foam jet speeds, and testing the influence of the foam jet at different outlet speeds on the rock breaking effect.
And 5: and (3) testing the rock breaking effect of the foam abrasive jet, adjusting the jet valve to a proper position to generate stable foam fluid, opening the sand supply valve and adjusting the size of the sand supply valve, and testing the influence of the abrasive foam jet under different volume fractions on the rock breaking effect.
It is to be understood that the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art may make modifications, alterations, additions or substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A post-mixing foam abrasive jet rock breaking experimental system is characterized by comprising a foam preparation device, a foam pressurization device and a foam abrasive jet generation device which are sequentially connected, wherein the foam pressurization device comprises an oil tank, an oil pump, a second one-way valve, a proportional overflow valve, an electromagnetic directional valve, a pressurization cylinder, a third one-way valve, a fourth one-way valve, a fifth one-way valve and a sixth one-way valve;
the foam preparation device comprises a solution pool, a first plunger pump, a gate valve, a pressure gauge, a foaming agent pool, a dosing pump, a foam generation device, a heating device, a gas storage tank, a first check valve, a pressure reducing valve, a flow meter, a low-temperature heat exchange system and a second plunger pump; the liquid outlet end of the foaming agent pool is connected with the liquid inlet end of the dosing pump, the gas storage tank, the first check valve, the pressure reducing valve, the flow meter, the low-temperature heat exchange system and the second plunger pump are sequentially connected, the liquid outlet end of the pressure gauge, the liquid outlet end of the dosing pump and the liquid outlet end of the second plunger pump are connected with the liquid inlet end of the foam generating device, and foam generated by the foam generating device enters the foam boosting device through a high-pressure pipeline after being heated by the heating device;
the abrasive foam jet flow generating device comprises an energy accumulator, a jet flow valve, a sand supply device, a sand supply valve and a nozzle; the pressure-bearing foam output by the foam supercharging device enters an energy accumulator, the liquid outlet end of the energy accumulator is connected with the liquid inlet end of a jet valve, the liquid outlet end of the jet valve is connected with the liquid inlet end of a nozzle, the sand outlet end of a sand supply device is connected with the sand inlet end of a sand supply valve, and the sand outlet end of the sand supply valve is connected with the sand inlet end of the nozzle;
the foam pressurizing mode of the foam pressurizing device is that when the left electromagnet of the electromagnetic reversing valve is electrified, pressure oil generated by an oil pump enters a left high-pressure cavity of a pressurizing cylinder and pushes a piston body in the pressurizing cylinder to move rightwards, foam in the right high-pressure cavity of the pressurizing cylinder is continuously compressed and enters an energy accumulator through a fifth one-way valve when certain pressure is reached, the volume of the left high-pressure cavity is continuously increased while the right high-pressure cavity is compressed, low-pressure foam flows into the left high-pressure cavity of the pressurizing cylinder through a left third one-way valve, when the piston moves rightwards to the stroke end point, the pressure oil enters the right high-pressure cavity of the pressurizing cylinder and pushes a piston rod leftwards, the foam in the left high-pressure cavity enters the energy accumulator through a fourth one-way valve, the right high-pressure cavity is synchronously supplemented with the low-pressure foam through a sixth one-way valve, and the steps are repeated in the above and below steps to form stable high-pressure foam.
2. An experimental method for adopting the post-mixing foam abrasive jet rock breaking experimental system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the experimental method comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparing experimental materials, wherein the experimental materials comprise a gas storage tank filled with gas, distilled water, chemicals, a thickening agent, a cross-linking agent, granite and a high-pressure rubber hose;
and 2, step: connecting experiment pipelines, namely sequentially connecting a foam preparation device, a foam supercharging device and a foam abrasive jet flow generation device through a high-pressure pipe, placing a pressure reducing valve of the foam preparation device in a half-open state before an experiment to ensure that an open-flow pipeline is smooth, checking the air tightness of the pipeline, opening the foam generation device in the foam preparation device, adjusting the pressure reducing valve to proper outlet pressure, opening the foam supercharging device and adjusting a jet valve;
and step 3: and (3) testing the influence of the foam quality on the rock breaking effect: the size of the pressure reducing valve is adjusted to control the gas flow so as to generate foam jet flows with different qualities, and the foam jet flows are used for testing the influence of foam pure jet flows and foam abrasive jet flows with different foam qualities on the rock breaking effect;
and 4, step 4: and (3) testing the rock breaking effect of the foam pure jet flow: closing a sand supply valve of the foam abrasive jet flow generation device, and adjusting a jet valve of the foam abrasive jet flow generation device to different positions for generating different foam jet flow speeds so as to test the influence of foam pure jet flow at different foam jet flow outlet speeds on the rock breaking effect;
and 5: and (3) testing the rock breaking effect of the foam abrasive jet flow: and adjusting a jet valve of the foam abrasive jet flow generation device to a proper position to generate stable foam fluid, opening a sand supply valve of the foam abrasive jet flow generation device, adjusting the size of the sand supply valve, and testing the influence of the abrasive foam jet flow of the abrasive under different volume fractions on the rock breaking effect.
3. The assay of claim 2, wherein the chemical is NaCl, KCl, mgCl 2 、CaCl 2 。
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CA1199799A (en) * | 1985-01-04 | 1986-01-28 | Mamdouh G. Ismail | High pressure abrasive-fluid jet mixing and accelerating nozzle for cutting and drilling hard material |
US4979338A (en) * | 1989-02-28 | 1990-12-25 | Airmac Cryogenic Systems, Inc. | Cryogenic deflashing apparatus and method of use |
US5111984A (en) * | 1990-10-15 | 1992-05-12 | Ford Motor Company | Method of cutting workpieces having low thermal conductivity |
CN1137809C (en) * | 1999-11-17 | 2004-02-11 | 台湾通用器材股份有限公司 | Equipment for sticking resistant pieces |
CN105388254B (en) * | 2015-10-21 | 2017-08-01 | 西安交通大学 | HTHP foam fracturing fluid leak-off damage experiment system |
CN105397646B (en) * | 2015-10-23 | 2017-11-28 | 广州中远海运船舶工程有限公司 | A kind of continuous sand supplying system and continuous sand supplying method |
CN109202731B (en) * | 2017-07-02 | 2020-11-24 | 北京海蓝华轩科技有限公司 | Movable foam abrasive jet fire-fighting cutting machine |
CN212330730U (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2021-01-12 | 无锡市威海达机械制造有限公司 | Ultrahigh-pressure jet grinding device and grinding system for melt-blown mold micropore polishing |
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