CN114160847A - Variable-rotation-speed processing method, system, equipment and medium - Google Patents

Variable-rotation-speed processing method, system, equipment and medium Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114160847A
CN114160847A CN202010950246.0A CN202010950246A CN114160847A CN 114160847 A CN114160847 A CN 114160847A CN 202010950246 A CN202010950246 A CN 202010950246A CN 114160847 A CN114160847 A CN 114160847A
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rotating speed
cutter
main shaft
stable
sub
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CN114160847B (en
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张小俭
王伟
代星
丁汉
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C3/00—Milling particular work; Special milling operations; Machines therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
    • G06F30/17—Mechanical parametric or variational design
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation

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Abstract

The invention discloses a variable-rotation-speed processing method, a system, equipment and a medium, belonging to the technical field of blade processing, wherein the method comprises the following steps: dividing the front edge and the rear edge of the blade into a plurality of sub-regions along the feeding direction of the cutter; inquiring a stable rotating speed interval corresponding to the expected axial cutting depth in the stable lobe graph of any subregion, inquiring a rotating speed when the error is minimum in the stable rotating speed interval in the surface positioning error graph of the stable lobe graph, setting the rotating speed as the stable rotating speed of a main shaft of the cutter for processing any subregion, and so on to obtain the stable rotating speed of the main shaft of the cutter for processing each subregion; and controlling the cutter according to the corresponding stable rotating speed of the main shaft to machine the blade. The rotating speeds of the main shafts of the cutters at different positions of the blades in the blade machining process are designed by combining stability and surface positioning errors, vibration in the machining process is greatly inhibited, the positioning errors of the machined surfaces are reduced, the milling precision and the surface quality of the blades are improved, and the service life of the cutters is prolonged.

Description

Variable-rotation-speed processing method, system, equipment and medium
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of blade processing, and particularly relates to a variable-rotation-speed processing method, a variable-rotation-speed processing system, variable-rotation-speed processing equipment and a variable-rotation-speed processing medium.
Background
Titanium alloy blades are commonly used in the aerospace field. The blade is used as a thin-wall part, and a serious flutter phenomenon can occur in the milling process, so that the processing error is increased, the surface quality is poor, the cutter abrasion is aggravated, and the service life of milling equipment is shortened. In order to ensure that the blade works stably for a long time in the extreme environment of high temperature and high pressure, high requirements are put forward on the machining precision and the surface quality of the blade.
In the prior art, the milling of the blade basically stays in the tool path planning on the geometric level, the flutter phenomenon in the milling process is basically judged according to the processing experience, and no effective method is available for obtaining proper processing parameters so as to reduce the influence of flutter in actual processing.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and improvement requirements of the prior art, the invention provides a variable-speed processing method, a variable-speed processing system, variable-speed processing equipment and a variable-speed processing medium, and aims to suppress flutter in the processing process, reduce the positioning error of a processed surface, improve the milling precision and surface quality of a blade and prolong the service life of a cutter.
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a variable rotation speed processing method including: s1, dividing the front edge and the rear edge of the blade into a plurality of sub-areas along the feeding direction of the cutter; s2, calculating a stability lobe graph and a surface positioning error graph of the blade-cutter system at each subregion; s3, determining a stable rotating speed interval corresponding to the expected axial cutting depth at any subregion in a stability lobe graph of the stable rotating speed interval, wherein the critical stable axial cutting depth corresponding to any rotating speed in the stable rotating speed interval is not less than the expected axial cutting depth; s4, determining the corresponding minimum error in the surface positioning error map of the stable rotating speed interval at any sub-area, and setting the rotating speed corresponding to the minimum error as the stable rotating speed of the main shaft of the cutter at any sub-area; s5, repeatedly executing the operation S3-operation S4 to obtain the stable rotation speed of the main shaft of the cutter at each sub-area; and S6, controlling the rotation speed of the main shaft of the cutter, so that the rotation speed of the main shaft of the cutter when processing each subarea is equal to the stable rotation speed of the main shaft corresponding to each subarea.
Still further, the operation S6 includes: modifying or inserting the corresponding main shaft rotating speed in the original machining program according to the main shaft stable rotating speed of the cutter at each subarea to obtain an optimized machining program; and controlling the main shaft rotating speed of the cutter by using the optimized machining program.
Further, when the number of the rotation speeds corresponding to the minimum error in the stable rotation speed interval is plural, the operation S4 further includes: setting the rotating speed with the minimum difference value between the rotating speeds and the original main shaft rotating speed in the plurality of rotating speeds as the main shaft stable rotating speed of the cutter at any sub-area, wherein the original main shaft rotating speed is the main shaft rotating speed corresponding to any sub-area in the original machining program.
Still further, between operation S1 and operation S2, the method further includes: to the cutter in XtDirection and YtThe method comprises the steps of knocking a force hammer in each direction, acquiring force signals and acceleration signals corresponding to each other in pairs, performing fitting calculation to obtain frequency response functions of the cutter in different directions, and identifying modal parameters of the cutter according to the frequency response functions of the cutter in different directions, wherein X istThe direction being the tool feed direction, YtDirection perpendicular to the XtDirection; for the blade at any sub-area in YwPerforming force hammer knocking in the direction, acquiring a force signal and an acceleration signal, performing fitting calculation, adding the frequency response function of the blade at any subregion to the frequency response function of the cutter, and identifying the modal parameter of the blade-cutter system at any subregion according to the addition result, wherein Y iswThe direction is perpendicular to the tool feed direction.
Still further, the operation S2 includes: according to the modal parameters of the cutter, the modal parameters of the blade-cutter system at any subregion, the process parameters, the cutter dimension parameters and the material parameters, calculating and drawing a stability lobe graph of the blade-cutter system at any subregion by using a frequency domain method, and calculating and drawing a surface positioning error graph of the blade-cutter system at any subregion by using a semi-discrete method.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a variable rotational speed machining system including: the dividing module is used for dividing the front edge and the rear edge of the blade into a plurality of sub-areas along the feeding direction of the cutter; the calculation module is used for calculating a stability lobe graph and a surface positioning error graph of the blade-cutter system at each subregion; the device comprises a first determining module, a second determining module and a third determining module, wherein the first determining module is used for determining a stable rotating speed interval corresponding to the expected axial cutting depth at any subregion in a stability lobe graph of the stable rotating speed interval, and the critical stable axial cutting depth corresponding to any rotating speed in the stable rotating speed interval is not less than the expected axial cutting depth; the second determining module is used for determining the corresponding minimum error in the surface positioning error map of the stable rotating speed interval at any sub-area, and setting the rotating speed corresponding to the minimum error as the stable rotating speed of the main shaft of the cutter at any sub-area; the repeated execution module is used for repeatedly executing the first determination module and the second determination module to obtain the stable rotating speed of the main shaft for processing the cutter at each sub-area; and the control module is used for controlling the rotating speed of the main shaft of the cutter, so that the rotating speed of the main shaft of the cutter when processing each sub-region is equal to the stable rotating speed of the main shaft corresponding to each sub-region.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electronic apparatus including: a processor; a memory storing a computer executable program which, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to execute the variable speed machining method as described above.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the program, when executed by a processor, implements the variable speed machining method as described above.
Generally, by the above technical solution conceived by the present invention, the following beneficial effects can be obtained:
(1) the rotation speeds of the main shafts of the cutters at different positions of the blades in the blade machining process are designed by combining stability and surface positioning errors, vibration in the whole machining process is greatly inhibited, the positioning errors of the machined surfaces are reduced, the milling precision and the surface quality of the blades are improved, and the service life of the cutters is prolonged;
(2) the obtained stable rotating speed of the main shaft is used for optimizing the rotating speed of the original main shaft in the original processing program, so that the method can be directly applied to the existing blade processing system, and the application range and the application convenience of the method are improved;
(3) when the stable rotating speeds of the multiple main shafts are obtained through calculation, the stable rotating speed of the main shaft closest to the original rotating speed of the main shaft is used for optimization, and the phenomenon that the performance and the service life of the cutter are affected due to overlarge change of the rotating speed of the cutter main shaft in the machining process is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a variable speed processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a vibration system during a machining process by using a variable-speed machining method according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is an experimental diagram of a mode parameter identification system in the variable speed processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4A is a graph of stability lobes in a variable speed processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4B is a surface positioning error diagram of the variable speed processing method according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5A is a graph of stability lobes at various sub-regions of a variable speed processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5B is a surface positioning error map of each sub-region in the variable rotational speed processing method according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a diagram of the tool rotation speed corresponding to each sub-region in the variable rotation speed processing method according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a variable-speed processing system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like elements or structures, wherein:
301 is a first clamp, 302 is a first acceleration sensor, 303 is a first impact hammer, 304 is a second acceleration sensor, 305 is a cutter, 306 is a tool shank, 307 is a second impact hammer, 308 is a blade, 309 is a second clamp, 310 is a data acquisition card, and 311 is a computer.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
In the present application, the terms "first," "second," and the like (if any) in the description and the drawings are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a variable-speed processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 1, the variable speed processing method in this embodiment will be described in detail with reference to fig. 2 to 7, and the method includes operations S1 to S6.
In operation S1, the leading and trailing edges of the blade are divided into a plurality of sub-regions in the tool feeding direction.
Referring to FIG. 3, the area to be processed of the blade 308 is divided into m sub-areas, m is greater than or equal to 2, and a corresponding knocking point n is set in each sub-area1、n2、n3、……、nm。
In the embodiment of the present invention, before performing operation S2, the modal parameters of the tool and the modal parameters of the blade-tool system at any sub-region need to be calculated. Operation S1' -operation S1 "is also included between operation S1 and operation S2.
In operation S1', the cutter is set at XtDirection and YtThe direction is respectively knocked by a force hammer, and fitting calculation is carried out after two corresponding force signals and acceleration signals are acquired to obtainAnd identifying the modal parameters of the tool according to the frequency response functions of the tool in different directions.
Referring to fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the feeding direction of the tool is taken as XtDirection, with the normal direction perpendicular to the feed direction being YtDirection, using the center of the circle of the tool as the origin of coordinates, and establishing a tool coordinate system XtOtYtAnd establishing a corresponding workpiece coordinate system XwOwYwBlade-tool system coordinate system XOY. The modal parameters of the tool include that the tool is at XtModal mass m in the directionx，tModal damping cx，tModal stiffness kx，tAnd includes cross modal mass myx，tCross modal mass mxy，tCross modal damping cyx，tCross modal damping cxy，tCross modal stiffness kyx，tCross modal stiffness kxy，tWherein the modal parameter subscript "yx" denotes XtForce in the direction YtThe vibration response generated in the direction, the modal parameter denoted by "xy" represents YtForce in the direction XtDirectionally induced vibrational response.
Specifically, after the tool 305 for milling is mounted on the tool shank 306, the tool shank 306 and the tool 305 are mounted on a machine tool; a second acceleration sensor 304 is attached near the edge point, X, of the tool 305tDirection and YtThe direction is respectively adhered with an acceleration sensor to respectively collect the X directions of the cutting toolstDirection and YtAn acceleration signal in a direction; the second impact hammer 307 for striking the tool 305 is connected, for example by a coaxial cable, to a data acquisition card 310, the data acquisition card 310 being connected, for example by a Universal Serial Bus (USB) to a computer 311; using second impact hammers 307 each at XtDirection and YtKnocking the tail end of the cutter 305 in the direction, and transmitting an acceleration signal and a force signal to a computer 311 after sampling processing by a data acquisition card 310; the computer 311 performs fitting calculation on the acceleration signal and the force signal to obtain a frequency response function of the tool 305; computer 311 based on tool 305The frequency response function of (2) calculates the modal parameters of the tool 305, completing the tool modal parameter identification.
In operation S1 ″, the blades at any sub-region are processed at YwPerforming force hammer knocking in the direction, acquiring a force signal and an acceleration signal, performing fitting calculation, adding the frequency response function of the blade at any subregion to the frequency response function of the cutter, and identifying the modal parameter, Y, of the blade-cutter system at any subregion according to the addition resultwThe direction is perpendicular to the tool feed direction.
The modal parameters of the blade-cutter system include the modal mass m of the blade-cutter system in the Y directionyModal damping cyModal stiffness kyAnd Y is perpendicular to the tool feed direction. Specifically, the blade 308 is mounted on a first clamp 301 and a second clamp 309, and then the first clamp 301, the second clamp 309 and the blade 308 are integrally mounted on a machine tool; a first acceleration sensor 302 is attached near each striking point of the blade 308, and a first impact hammer 303 for striking the blade 308 is connected to a data acquisition card 310, for example, by a coaxial cable; any striking point n of the blade 308 in the Y direction using the first impact hammer 303i(i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to m), knocking is carried out, and the acceleration signal and the force signal are transmitted to the computer 311 after being sampled and processed by the data acquisition card 310; the computer 311 performs fitting calculation on the acceleration signal and the force signal to obtain any knock point n of the blade 308iFrequency response function of (1); the computer 311 takes the blade 308 at any one of the striking points niThe frequency response function of the tool 305 is added to the frequency response function of the tool, and the arbitrary tapping point n is identified according to the addition resultiThe modal parameters of the blade-cutter system.
In operation S2, a stability lobe map and a surface positioning error map of the blade-cutter system at each sub-region are calculated.
In an embodiment of the present invention, operation S2 includes: according to the modal parameters of the cutter, the modal parameters of the blade-cutter system at any subregion, the process parameters, the cutter dimension parameters and the material parameters, calculating and drawing a stable lobe graph of the blade-cutter system at any subregion by using a frequency domain method, and calculating and drawing a surface positioning error graph of the blade-cutter system at any subregion by using a semi-discrete method.
The modal parameter of the tool is the parameter m identified in operation S1x，t、cx，t、kx，t、myx，t、mxy，t、cyx，t、cxy，t、kyx，t、kxy，t(ii) a The modal parameter of the blade-cutter system at any sub-region is the parameter m identified in operation S1 ″y、cy、ky. The process parameters include, for example, the axial depth of cut, the radial depth of cut, the feed per tooth, etc. of the tool. The tool dimension parameters include, for example, tool diameter, number of tool teeth, etc. The material parameters include, for example, the tangential linearized cutting force coefficient, the normal linearized cutting force coefficient, the tangential edge coefficient, the normal edge coefficient, and the like.
In this embodiment, the stability lobe map and the surface positioning error map of the blade-cutter system at each sub-region may also be calculated by other methods, for example, the stability lobe map of the blade-cutter system at each sub-region is calculated by a numerical method or a finite element time method.
The stability lobe map of the blade-cutter system at any sub-region is shown in fig. 4A, and the surface positioning error map at any sub-region is shown in fig. 4B. The stability lobe map of the blade-cutter system at all sub-regions is shown in fig. 5A, and the surface positioning error map at all sub-regions is shown in fig. 5B.
In operation S3, a stable rotation speed interval corresponding to the expected axial cutting depth at any sub-region in the stability lobe graph is determined, wherein a critical stable axial cutting depth corresponding to any rotation speed in the stable rotation speed interval is not less than the expected axial cutting depth.
Referring to fig. 4A, the abscissa of the stability lobe graph is the rotation speed, the ordinate is the axial cutting depth, the lower part of the curve in the graph is the stable region, and the upper part of the curve is the flutter region.
And for any sub-region, the expected axial cutting depth is a fixed value, a stability lobe graph of the sub-region is inquired, and a rotating speed interval corresponding to a stable region above the expected axial cutting depth is set as a stable rotating speed interval of the sub-region.
And operation S4, determining a minimum error corresponding to the stable rotation speed interval in the surface positioning error map at any sub-region, and setting the rotation speed corresponding to the minimum error as the stable rotation speed of the spindle for machining the tool at any sub-region.
Referring to fig. 4B, the abscissa of the surface positioning error graph is the rotational speed and the ordinate is the error. And for any sub-area, after determining the stable rotating speed interval, inquiring a surface positioning error graph of the sub-area to obtain the error corresponding to each rotating speed in the stable rotating speed interval, and setting the rotating speed corresponding to the minimum error as the stable rotating speed of the main shaft of the cutter at any sub-area.
In an embodiment of the present invention, when the errors corresponding to the plurality of rotation speeds in the stable rotation speed interval are the same and the smallest, in operation S4, the rotation speed with the smallest difference between the original main shaft rotation speed and the plurality of rotation speeds is set as the stable rotation speed of the main shaft of the tool in any sub-region, where the original main shaft rotation speed is the main shaft rotation speed set for machining any sub-region in the original machining program.
The original main program is, for example, an initial rotational speed set for blade machining based on machining experience, and the initial rotational speed is an empirical value. And setting the rotating speed which is closest to the empirical value in the plurality of rotating speeds as the stable rotating speed of the main shaft, so as to avoid the damage of the cutter caused by overlarge change of the rotating speed of the main shaft of the cutter in the machining process.
In operation S5, operations S3-S4 are repeatedly performed to obtain a stable rotation speed of the spindle for machining the tool at each sub-region. The steady rotational speed of the spindle of the tool at each sub-region is shown, for example, by the solid line in fig. 6.
In operation S6, the spindle rotation speed of the tool is controlled such that the spindle rotation speed of the tool when machining each sub-region is equal to the corresponding spindle steady rotation speed at each sub-region.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the operation S6 includes a sub operation S61 and a sub operation S62.
In sub-operation S61, the corresponding spindle rotation speed in the original machining program is modified or interpolated according to the stable spindle rotation speed of the tool at each sub-region, so as to obtain an optimized machining program.
When the main shaft rotating speed corresponding to a certain sub-region in the original machining program is different from the main shaft stable rotating speed corresponding to the sub-region obtained in operation S5, modifying the main shaft rotating speed in the original machining program to the main shaft stable rotating speed; and when the main shaft rotating speed corresponding to a certain sub-area is not set in the original machining program, inserting the main shaft stable rotating speed and the sub-area corresponding to the main shaft stable rotating speed into the original machining program. The corresponding relation between the neutron region and the spindle rotation speed in the original machining program is shown by a dotted line in fig. 6; the correspondence between the sub-region in the optimization program and the spindle rotation speed is shown by a solid line in fig. 6.
In sub-operation S62, the spindle rotation speed of the tool is controlled using the optimized machining program.
In particular, for example when machining the striking point niWhen the spindle is in the sub-region, the spindle speed of the tool is adjusted to the knocking point niThe main shaft corresponding to the position area stabilizes the rotating speed so as to process a knocking point niThe subregion of department avoids the flutter in the course of working, reduces surface positioning error, guarantees the machining stability, improves blade milling process's precision and surface quality, and then has promoted the blade qualification rate, prolongs the life of cutter and equipment simultaneously.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a variable-speed processing system 700 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 7, the variable speed processing system 700 includes a partitioning module 710, a calculating module 720, a first determining module 730, a second determining module 740, a repeat executing module 750, and a control module 760.
The dividing module 710 performs, for example, operation S1 for dividing the leading and trailing edges of the blade into a plurality of sub-regions in the tool feeding direction.
The calculation module 720 performs, for example, operation S2 for calculating a stability lobe map and a surface positioning error map of the blade-cutter system at each sub-region.
The first determining module 730 performs, for example, operation S3, to determine a stable rotation speed interval corresponding to the expected axial cutting depth at any sub-region in the stability lobe graph thereof, wherein a critical stable axial cutting depth corresponding to any rotation speed in the stable rotation speed interval is not less than the expected axial cutting depth.
The second determining module 740 performs, for example, operation S4, to determine a minimum error corresponding to the surface positioning error map at any sub-region in the stable rotation speed interval, and set the rotation speed corresponding to the minimum error as the stable rotation speed of the spindle for machining the tool at any sub-region.
The repeated execution module 750 executes, for example, operation S5 for repeatedly executing the first determination module 730 and the second determination module 740 to obtain the stable rotation speed of the spindle for processing the tool at each sub-region.
The control module 760 performs, for example, operation S6 for controlling the spindle rotation speed of the tool such that the spindle rotation speed of the tool at the time of machining each sub-region is equal to the corresponding spindle steady rotation speed at each sub-region.
The variable speed processing system 700 is used to perform the variable speed processing method in the embodiment shown in fig. 1-6. For details that are not described in the present embodiment, please refer to the variable speed processing method in the embodiments shown in fig. 1 to fig. 6, which will not be described herein again.
Embodiments of the present disclosure also show an electronic device, as shown in fig. 8, the electronic device 800 includes a processor 810, a readable storage medium 820. The electronic device 800 may perform the variable speed machining method described above in fig. 1-6.
In particular, processor 810 may include, for example, a general purpose microprocessor, an instruction set processor and/or related chip set and/or a special purpose microprocessor (e.g., an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC)), and/or the like. The processor 810 may also include on-board memory for caching purposes. Processor 810 may be a single processing unit or a plurality of processing units for performing the different actions of the method flows described with reference to fig. 1-6 in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure.
Readable storage medium 820 may be, for example, any medium that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport the instructions. For example, a readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, device, or propagation medium. Specific examples of the readable storage medium include: magnetic storage devices, such as magnetic tape or Hard Disk Drives (HDDs); optical storage devices, such as compact disks (CD-ROMs); a memory, such as a Random Access Memory (RAM) or a flash memory; and/or wired/wireless communication links.
The readable storage medium 820 may include a computer program 821, which computer program 821 may include code/computer-executable instructions that, when executed by the processor 810, cause the processor 810 to perform a method flow, such as described above in connection with fig. 1-6, and any variations thereof.
The computer program 821 may be configured with, for example, computer program code comprising computer program modules. For example, in an example embodiment, code in computer program 821 may include one or more program modules, including for example 821A, modules 821B, … …. It should be noted that the division and number of modules are not fixed, and those skilled in the art may use suitable program modules or program module combinations according to actual situations, which when executed by the processor 810, enable the processor 810 to perform the method flows described above in connection with fig. 1-6, for example, and any variations thereof.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A variable-rotation-speed machining method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, dividing the front edge and the rear edge of the blade into a plurality of sub-areas along the feeding direction of the cutter;
s2, calculating a stability lobe graph and a surface positioning error graph of the blade-cutter system at each subregion;
s3, determining a stable rotating speed interval corresponding to the expected axial cutting depth at any subregion in a stability lobe graph of the stable rotating speed interval, wherein the critical stable axial cutting depth corresponding to any rotating speed in the stable rotating speed interval is not less than the expected axial cutting depth;
s4, determining the corresponding minimum error in the surface positioning error map of the stable rotating speed interval at any sub-area, and setting the rotating speed corresponding to the minimum error as the stable rotating speed of the main shaft of the cutter at any sub-area;
s5, repeatedly executing the operation S3-operation S4 to obtain the stable rotation speed of the main shaft of the cutter at each sub-area;
and S6, controlling the rotation speed of the main shaft of the cutter, so that the rotation speed of the main shaft of the cutter when processing each subarea is equal to the stable rotation speed of the main shaft corresponding to each subarea.
2. The variable-speed machining method according to claim 1, wherein the operation S6 includes:
modifying or inserting the corresponding main shaft rotating speed in the original machining program according to the main shaft stable rotating speed of the cutter at each subarea to obtain an optimized machining program;
and controlling the main shaft rotating speed of the cutter by using the optimized machining program.
3. The variable speed processing method of claim 2, wherein when the number of speeds corresponding to the minimum error in the stable speed interval is plural, the operation S4 further includes:
setting the rotating speed with the minimum difference value between the rotating speeds and the original main shaft rotating speed in the plurality of rotating speeds as the main shaft stable rotating speed of the cutter at any sub-area, wherein the original main shaft rotating speed is the main shaft rotating speed corresponding to any sub-area in the original machining program.
4. The variable-speed machining method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein between operation S1 and operation S2, the method further comprises:
to the cutter in XtDirection and YtThe method comprises the steps of knocking a force hammer in each direction, acquiring force signals and acceleration signals corresponding to each other in pairs, performing fitting calculation to obtain frequency response functions of the cutter in different directions, and performing fitting calculation according to the positions of the cutter in different directionsIdentifying modal parameters of the tool, XtThe direction being the tool feed direction, YtDirection perpendicular to the XtDirection;
for the blade at any sub-area in YwPerforming force hammer knocking in the direction, acquiring a force signal and an acceleration signal, performing fitting calculation, adding the frequency response function of the blade at any subregion to the frequency response function of the cutter, and identifying the modal parameter of the blade-cutter system at any subregion according to the addition result, wherein Y iswThe direction is perpendicular to the tool feed direction.
5. The variable-speed machining method according to claim 4, wherein the operation S2 includes:
according to the modal parameters of the cutter, the modal parameters of the blade-cutter system at any subregion, the process parameters, the cutter dimension parameters and the material parameters, calculating and drawing a stability lobe graph of the blade-cutter system at any subregion by using a frequency domain method, and calculating and drawing a surface positioning error graph of the blade-cutter system at any subregion by using a semi-discrete method.
6. A variable speed machining system, comprising:
the dividing module is used for dividing the front edge and the rear edge of the blade into a plurality of sub-areas along the feeding direction of the cutter;
the calculation module is used for calculating a stability lobe graph and a surface positioning error graph of the blade-cutter system at each subregion;
the device comprises a first determining module, a second determining module and a third determining module, wherein the first determining module is used for determining a stable rotating speed interval corresponding to the expected axial cutting depth at any subregion in a stability lobe graph of the stable rotating speed interval, and the critical stable axial cutting depth corresponding to any rotating speed in the stable rotating speed interval is not less than the expected axial cutting depth;
the second determining module is used for determining the corresponding minimum error in the surface positioning error map of the stable rotating speed interval at any sub-area, and setting the rotating speed corresponding to the minimum error as the stable rotating speed of the main shaft of the cutter at any sub-area;
the repeated execution module is used for repeatedly executing the first determination module and the second determination module to obtain the stable rotating speed of the main shaft for processing the cutter at each sub-area;
and the control module is used for controlling the rotating speed of the main shaft of the cutter, so that the rotating speed of the main shaft of the cutter when processing each sub-region is equal to the stable rotating speed of the main shaft corresponding to each sub-region.
7. An electronic device, comprising:
a processor;
a memory storing a computer executable program which, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to perform the variable speed machining method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
8. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the variable speed machining method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
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CN107480352A (en) * 2017-07-28 2017-12-15 东北大学 A kind of reliability optimization method of Milling Process technological parameter
CN108647413A (en) * 2018-04-27 2018-10-12 北京理工大学 A kind of fine Surface Location Error and stability Comprehensive Prediction Method
CN109093130A (en) * 2018-08-08 2018-12-28 西北工业大学 Annular thin-wall parts roughing technique optimization method based on subregion processing
JP2019107751A (en) * 2017-12-20 2019-07-04 Dmg森精機株式会社 Machine tool, processing method, and processing program

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5237509A (en) * 1990-03-09 1993-08-17 Toshiba Kikai Kabushiki Kaisha Method and apparatus for compensating positional errors
CN105488282A (en) * 2015-11-30 2016-04-13 南京航空航天大学 Cutting parameter segmentation and variable cutting depth optimizing method based on dynamic machining feature
CN107480352A (en) * 2017-07-28 2017-12-15 东北大学 A kind of reliability optimization method of Milling Process technological parameter
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