CN114157041A - Double-well hydraulic CO2Air bag compression energy storage system and operation method thereof - Google Patents

Double-well hydraulic CO2Air bag compression energy storage system and operation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114157041A
CN114157041A CN202111476723.5A CN202111476723A CN114157041A CN 114157041 A CN114157041 A CN 114157041A CN 202111476723 A CN202111476723 A CN 202111476723A CN 114157041 A CN114157041 A CN 114157041A
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China
Prior art keywords
water
well
air bag
storage system
heat
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Pending
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CN202111476723.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
付康丽
韩伟
于在松
陆续
姚明宇
宋晓辉
姬海民
白文刚
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Xian Thermal Power Research Institute Co Ltd
Huaneng Group Technology Innovation Center Co Ltd
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Xian Thermal Power Research Institute Co Ltd
Huaneng Group Technology Innovation Center Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202111476723.5A priority Critical patent/CN114157041A/en
Publication of CN114157041A publication Critical patent/CN114157041A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J15/00Systems for storing electric energy
    • H02J15/006Systems for storing electric energy in the form of pneumatic energy, e.g. compressed air energy storage [CAES]
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03BMACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2220/00Application
    • F05B2220/70Application in combination with
    • F05B2220/706Application in combination with an electrical generator

Abstract

The invention discloses a twin-well hydraulic CO2The air bag compression energy storage system comprises a fluid conveying device, a double well, a control system and a heat storage system; the double wells comprise a water storage well with a water turbine arranged at the bottom communication position and CO2The water inlet and the water outlet of the water storage well are both connected with a water source; CO22A heat exchanger is arranged in the storage well and connected with the heat storage system; CO22Setting CO in the storage well2Air bags, floating plates and baffles, CO2The air bag is provided with CO2A conveying channel with a baffle plate arranged at the CO2The middle part of the storage well is provided with a floating plate below the baffle plate, the water storage well is provided with a liquid level meter and CO2Temperature and pressure monitoring sensors are arranged in the air bag, the liquid level meter and the temperature and pressure monitoring sensors are all connected with a control system, and CO2Sealing the top cover of the storage well; realize the compression by utilizing the valley electricity and the abandoned electricityCO2The air bag stores energy to the heat storage system, and the heat storage system enables CO to pass through the heat exchanger2The expansion forces the liquid water to return to the side of the water storage well, and pushes the water turbine to rotate rapidly to do work and generate electricity.

Description

Double-well hydraulic CO2Air bag compression energy storage system and operation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to CO2The technical field of air bag compression energy storage, in particular to a twin-well hydraulic CO2An air bag compression energy storage system and an operation method thereof.
Background
The compressed air energy storage technology is a mature energy storage technology which is currently accepted by the industry, and related engineering applications exist. At present, compressed air energy storage construction bases are mainly selected in two schemes, namely natural rock caverns are selected, and underground holes are dug to build storage tanks. However, the number of natural rock caverns is small, and the rock caverns require relative department consent such as geology. Therefore, in order to promote the popularization and application of the technology, a mode of digging a hole underground and building a storage tank is mostly adopted. Compressed air energy storage uses the air as the medium, and air density is low to lead to energy density low, and then makes the storage tank bulky, and the cave that needs to dig to establish is bulky, causes system storage tank area of occupation big, and it is big to dig the required space of establishing the cave, is difficult to pass through the approval of relevant geological sector. And CO2No toxicity, no pollution, stable physical property, 31.1 ℃ of critical point temperature, 7.38MPa of critical pressure, low critical parameter and high density. The CO2 gas can be pressurized and liquefied into CO2 liquid, and further pressurization can convert CO2 liquid into solid CO2 (dry ice). The dry ice absorbs heat and is converted into gaseous CO2 with the volume of 600-800 times of the dry ice, so the energy storage density of CO2 is far larger than that of airThe adoption of compressed CO2 energy storage system can obviously reduce the volume of storage tank or cave to be built, and CO is used2The problem of low energy storage density of compressed air can be effectively solved for the working medium, and meanwhile, the volume of the storage tank can be greatly reduced, so that the system is more compact. Because the risk of explosion exists directly with liquid in dry ice, so this patent introduces the gasbag, wraps CO2, avoids its liquid water contact in with the twin-well to guarantee that energy storage system operates safely and stably.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a twin-well hydraulic CO2Air bag compression energy storage system and operation method thereof, and CO2The problem of low energy storage density of compressed air can be effectively solved for the working medium, and meanwhile, the volume of the storage tank can be greatly reduced, so that the system is more compact.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: double-well hydraulic CO2The air bag compression energy storage system comprises a fluid conveying device, double wells, a control system and a heat storage system; the twin well comprises a water storage well and a CO which are communicated at the bottom2Storage well, water storage well and CO2A water turbine is arranged at the communication position of the storage well, and a water inlet and a water outlet of the water storage well are both connected with a water source; CO22A heat exchanger is arranged in the storage well and connected with the heat storage system; CO22Setting CO in the storage well2Air bags, floating plates and baffles, CO2The air bag is provided with CO2A conveying channel with a baffle plate arranged at the CO2The middle part of the storage well is provided with a floating plate below the baffle plate, the water storage well is provided with a liquid level meter and CO2Temperature and pressure monitoring sensors are arranged in the air bag, the liquid level meter and the temperature and pressure monitoring sensors are all connected with a control system, and CO2The storage well head is sealed.
The water source is any one of lake, pond, sea, water tank and water storage tank.
One or more fluid conveying devices are arranged.
The well depth of the double wells is 100-800m, the well diameter at the end of the water storage well is 4-8m, and CO is stored2The diameter of the air bag well is 2-5 m; twin-well excavation below the surfaceAnd is formed by pouring concrete or seamless welding stainless steel.
The water turbine adopts a vertical or horizontal water turbine.
The valve adopts a valve with signal input and output, and an actuating mechanism of the valve is connected with a control system.
The heat exchange medium in the heat exchanger adopts fused salt, oil, liquid metal or steam.
The heat storage system adopts a single or mixed heat storage system.
The baffle is a rigid baffle, the baffle is connected with CO2The walls of the storage wells are fixedly connected.
The twin-well hydraulic CO of the invention2The operation method of the air bag compression energy storage system specifically comprises the following processes:
a, mixing CO2Introducing CO into the gas2Storing in air bag, introducing water into water storage well, introducing CO2Storing water surface distance CO in well2Setting the position under the air bag;
b, when the control system monitors that the trough of the water is powered or the trough of the water is powered off, starting the fluid conveying device to pump water, opening a water inlet of the water storage well, conveying the water into the water storage well, pushing the water turbine to do work under the action of gravity, and gradually introducing CO2Reservoir compressed CO2Air bag, CO2The gas generates heat and stores energy in the compression process to keep CO2The temperature of the air bag is lower than 31.1 ℃, the pressure is increased to more than 7.38MPa, and CO is generated2Liquefied in the air bag and then solidified into dry ice to release heat, and the heat exchanger absorbs compressed CO2Heat energy generated in the process of air bag is stored in the heat storage system, and CO is compressed when the liquid level indication number of the liquid level meter is not changed2When the compression limit is reached, the fluid conveying device is powered off and stops running, at the moment, the floating plate rises to the height of the lower edge of the baffle, the floating plate is prevented from continuously floating upwards, and liquid water is prevented from entering the space above the floating plate;
c, when the control system monitors the electricity utilization of wave crests or needs to supply electricity, a water outlet of the water storage well is opened, and the heat storage system transfers heat to CO through the heat exchanger2CO in air bag2,CO2Absorbing heat and expanding to force water to the side of the water storage wellRetreating and pushing the water turbine to do work to generate power, wherein water in the water storage well flows to a water source;
d, when CO is required2CO injection or discharge from air bags2When it is, the setting is turned on at CO2Valves in the transfer passage for injecting or removing CO2At the end, the valve is closed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
the invention builds two communicated wells and feeds CO2The air bag and water are respectively stored in two wells to realize the purpose of starting the fluid conveying device to convey water and compress CO by utilizing valley electricity and abandoned electricity2The air bag transfers energy to the heat exchanger, and then CO is transferred through the heat exchanger2The heat energy generated in the compression process of the air bag is stored in the heat storage system. When electricity is needed, the heat storage system transfers heat to CO wrapped in the compression air bag through the heat exchanger2,CO2Absorbing heat, gasifying, rapidly expanding, and extruding into CO2The water in the storage well forces the liquid water to return to the side of the water storage well, and pushes the water turbine to rotate rapidly to do work to generate electricity. The water in the water storage well flows to the water source through the valve. The power generation efficiency of the process is more than 90%, and the power generation efficiency of the whole system is as high as 78.2%.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a structure in which the present invention can be implemented.
1-fluid transport device, 2-CO2A storage well, a 3-water storage well, a 4-twin well, a 5-water turbine, a 6-valve, a 7-control system, an 8-liquid level meter, a 9-liquid level indicating device and 10-CO2Conveying channel, 11-heat exchanger, 12-heat storage system and 13-CO2Gas, 14-CO2Air bags, 15-floating plates and 16-baffle plates.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative, but not limiting, of the invention.
Referring to FIG. 1, a twin-well hydraulic CO2The system comprises a water source, a fluid delivery device 1 and CO2Storage well, 2, water storageWell 3, twin-well 4, hydraulic turbine 5, valve 6, control system 7, level gauge 8, liquid level indicating device 9, CO2Conveying channel 10, heat exchanger 11, heat storage system 12 and CO2Gas 13, CO2An air bag 14, a floating plate 15 and a baffle 16; twin wells 4 comprise a water storage well 3 and CO communicating at the bottom2Storage well 2, water storage well 3 and CO2A water turbine 5 is arranged at the communication position of the storage well 2, and a water inlet and a water outlet of the water storage well 3 are both connected with a water source; CO22A heat exchanger 11 is arranged in the storage well 2, and the heat exchanger 11 is connected with a heat storage system 12; CO22CO is arranged in the storage well 22 Air bag 14, float plate 15 and baffle 16, CO2The air bag 14 is provided with CO2The conveying channel 10 and the baffle 16 are arranged at the CO2The middle part of the storage well 2, the floating plate 15 is arranged below the baffle 16, the water storage well 3 is provided with a liquid level meter 8, CO2Temperature and pressure monitoring sensors are arranged in the air bag 14, the liquid level meter 8 and the temperature and pressure monitoring sensors are connected with the control system 7, and CO2Storage well 2 top cover seal
Specifically, the water source can be any one of lakes, ponds, seas, sinks and reservoirs.
Alternatively, the fluid delivery device 1 may be any device or equipment capable of extracting water and delivering the water to the water storage end of the twin well 4, and one or more devices may be provided according to specific situations.
The double wells 4 are two wells with lower ends communicated, wherein one well is mainly used for storing CO2The air bag and the other well are mainly used for storing water, and a water turbine is arranged at the lower end communication position.
Further, the well depth of the double well 4 is 100-800m, the well diameter of the water storage well end is 4-8m, and CO is stored2The diameter of the balloon well is 2-5m, and the diameters of the two wells can be the same or different.
Optionally, the twin-well 4 is excavated below the ground and formed by pouring concrete or seamless welding stainless steel, so that the whole sealing performance, mechanical strength and compression resistance are good, and water and air leakage can be effectively prevented. The top cover of the air storage well is provided with a CO2A conveying channel 10 for replenishing or evacuating CO2Total CO of the airbag2,CO2Seamless connection of top cover on storage well 2And the air leakage caused by the rupture of the air bag can be effectively prevented by sealing. The upper end of the water storage well 3 is provided with two connectors, wherein one connector is connected with the outlet of the fluid conveying device to receive the water conveyed by the fluid conveying device, and the other connector is connected with a water source through a pipeline and is responsible for conveying the water overflowed from the water storage well back to the water source.
The water turbine 5 is a water turbine for converting water into electric energy or mechanical energy, and the water turbine 5 can be a vertical or horizontal water turbine.
The valve 6 adopts any valve with signal input and output, and can be started and stopped according to a control signal.
And the control system 7 identifies peak-valley electricity and controls the start and stop of the fluid conveying device 1 and the valve 6 according to the supply and demand conditions of the power grid, the numerical rising condition of the liquid level 8 of the water storage well and the start and stop of the valve 6.
The liquid level meter 8 adopts a liquid level meter which is provided with a signal output and can monitor the water level.
The heat exchanger 11 can be any device or equipment capable of exchanging heat, and the heat exchange medium in the heat exchanger 11 adopts molten salt, oil, liquid metal and steam.
Preferably, the CO is compressed2In the air bag process, CO2The temperature of the air bag is lower than 31.1 ℃, and the pressure of the air bag is gradually increased to be more than 7.38 MPa.
The thermal storage system 12 may be any single or hybrid thermal storage system or device.
CO2The air bag is filled with CO2The device can be made of air-tight, water-tight, shrinkable and expandable material and can resist CO2A material with good corrosivity and mechanical strength.
The floating plate 15 is made of a material which can float on the water surface and has good water corrosion resistance and mechanical strength.
The baffle 16 is any one of concrete, stainless steel and other hard materials and is used for preventing the floating plate from continuously floating upwards.
Double-well hydraulic CO2The system and the method for air bag compression energy storage specifically comprise the following steps:
a, water storage wells will CO2Introducing CO into the gas 132Storing in air bag 14 for later use, introducing water into water storage well to CO25cm under the air bag.
And b, when the control system 7 detects that the trough of the wave is electrified or the trough of the wave is electrified, immediately starting a water pumping program of the fluid conveying device 1 and closing the valve 6. The fluid conveying device 1 conveys water into a water storage well of the twin-well 4, the water in the water storage well end moves downwards under the pushing action of gravitational potential energy and the fluid conveying device, and the water in the water storage well gradually enters CO after a water turbine is pushed to do 5 work under the action of gravity2Reservoir compressed CO2Air bag, CO2Gas generates heat and stores energy in the compression process to control CO2The temperature of the air bag is lower than 31.1 ℃, the pressure is gradually generated at more than 7.38MPa, and CO2The liquid in the air bag is liquefied and then solidified into dry ice, and a large amount of heat is released in the whole process. Heat exchanger 11 absorbs compressed CO2The heat energy generated in the air bag process is stored in the heat storage system. Indicating compressed CO when the level indication of the gauge 8 is constant2When the compression limit is reached, the fluid conveying device 1 is powered off and stops running, at the moment, the floating plate 15 rises to the height of the lower edge of the baffle 16, the floating plate 15 is prevented from floating upwards continuously, and then liquid water is prevented from entering the space above the floating plate.
c, when the control system 7 monitors that the wave crest uses electricity or needs to supply power, the valve 6 is opened, and the heat storage system 12 transfers heat to CO through the heat exchanger 112CO in the bladder 142。CO2The heat is absorbed, gasified and rapidly expanded, the liquid water is compressed and forced to return to the side of the water storage well, and the water turbine 5 is pushed to rapidly rotate to do work and generate electricity. Water in the water storage well flows to the water source through valve 6. The generating efficiency of the process is more than 90 percent, and the generating efficiency of the whole system>78%。
d, when CO is required2CO injection or discharge from air bags2When it is, the setting is turned on at CO2Valve 6 on the transfer channel 10 for CO injection or removal2At the end, the valve 6 is closed.
In this example, the well depth is 400m, and CO is stored2The diameter of the air bag side well is 4m, the diameter of the water storage well side is 5m, and the liquid flow of the fluid conveying deviceSpeed is 10000m3H, the power of the fluid conveying device is 7kW, and the built-in 15000m of the air bag is3Air is stored and utilized by utilizing the electricity waste of the supercritical Brayton test bed, and the comprehensive energy utilization efficiency is as high as 78.2 percent.

Claims (10)

1. Double-well hydraulic CO2The air bag compression energy storage system is characterized by comprising a fluid conveying device (1), a twin-well (4), a control system (7) and a heat storage system (12); the double wells (4) comprise a water storage well (3) and CO which are communicated with each other at the bottom2A storage well (2), a water storage well (3) and CO2A water turbine (5) is arranged at the communication position of the storage well (2), and a water inlet and a water outlet of the water storage well (3) are both connected with a water source; CO22A heat exchanger (11) is arranged in the storage well (2), and the heat exchanger (11) is connected with a heat storage system (12); CO22CO is arranged in the storage well (2)2Air bag (14), floating plate (15) and baffle (16), CO2CO is arranged on the air bag (14)2A conveying channel (10) and a baffle (16) arranged at the CO2The middle part of the storage well (2), the floating plate (15) is arranged below the baffle (16), the water storage well (3) is provided with a liquid level meter (8), CO2Temperature and pressure monitoring sensors are arranged in the air bag (14), the liquid level meter (8) and the temperature and pressure monitoring sensors are all connected with the control system (7), and CO2The top cover of the storage well (2) is sealed.
2. The twin-well hydraulic CO of claim 12The air bag compression energy storage system is characterized in that a water source is any one of a lake, a pond, a sea, a water tank and a reservoir.
3. The twin-well hydraulic CO of claim 12The air bag compression energy storage system is characterized in that one or more fluid conveying devices (1) are arranged.
4. The twin-well hydraulic CO of claim 12The air bag compression energy storage system is characterized in that the well depth of the double wells (4) is 100-800m, the well diameter at the end of the water storage well is 4-8m, and CO is stored2The diameter of the air bag well is 2-5 m; the twin wells (4) are at the surfaceThe lower part is excavated and is formed by pouring concrete or seamless welding stainless steel.
5. The twin-well hydraulic CO of claim 12The air bag compression energy storage system is characterized in that the water turbine (5) adopts a vertical or horizontal water turbine.
6. The twin-well hydraulic CO of claim 12The air bag compression energy storage system is characterized in that a valve (6) with signal input and output is adopted, and an actuating mechanism of the valve (6) is connected with a control system (7).
7. The twin-well hydraulic CO of claim 12The air bag compression energy storage system is characterized in that a heat exchange medium in the heat exchanger (11) adopts fused salt, oil, liquid metal or water vapor.
8. The twin-well hydraulic CO of claim 12The air bag compression energy storage system is characterized in that the heat storage system (12) adopts a single or mixed heat storage system.
9. The twin-well hydraulic CO of claim 12The air bag compression energy storage system is characterized in that the baffle (16) is a rigid baffle, and the baffle (16) and CO are connected2The walls of the storage wells (2) are fixedly connected.
10. The twin-well hydraulic CO of any one of claims 1-92The operation method of the air bag compression energy storage system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a, mixing CO2Introducing CO into the gas2Storing in air bag (14), introducing water into water storage well, introducing CO2Water surface distance CO in storage well (2)2Setting the position under the air bag;
b, when the control system (7) monitors that the trough of the wave is powered or the trough of the wave is powered up, the fluid conveying device (1) is started to pump water, a water inlet of the water storage well (3) is opened, water is conveyed into the water storage well (3), and the weight of the water is heavyUnder the action of force, the water turbine (5) is pushed to do work and then gradually enter CO2The storage well (2) compresses CO2Air bag (14), CO2The gas generates heat and stores energy in the compression process to keep CO2The temperature of the air bag is lower than 31.1 ℃, the pressure is increased to more than 7.38MPa, and CO is generated2Liquefied in the air bag and then solidified into dry ice to release heat, and the heat exchanger (11) absorbs compressed CO2The heat energy generated in the air bag process is stored in the heat storage system (12), and when the liquid level indication number of the liquid level meter (8) is not changed, CO is compressed2When the compression limit is reached, the fluid conveying device (1) is powered off and stops running, at the moment, the floating plate (15) rises to the height of the lower edge of the baffle (16), the floating plate (15) is prevented from continuously floating upwards, and liquid water is prevented from entering the space above the floating plate;
c, when the control system (7) monitors the wave crest power utilization or needs to supply power, a water outlet of the water storage well (3) is opened, and the heat storage system (12) transfers heat to CO through the heat exchanger (11)2CO in the air bag (14)2,CO2Absorbing heat and expanding to force water to return to the side of the water storage well and push a water turbine (5) to do work to generate power, and the water in the water storage well flows to a water source;
d, when CO is required2CO injection or discharge from air bags2When it is, the setting is turned on at CO2Valves in the conveying path (10) for injecting or removing CO2At the end, the valve is closed.
CN202111476723.5A 2021-12-02 2021-12-02 Double-well hydraulic CO2Air bag compression energy storage system and operation method thereof Pending CN114157041A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110258999A1 (en) * 2009-05-22 2011-10-27 General Compression, Inc. Methods and devices for optimizing heat transfer within a compression and/or expansion device
WO2015174726A1 (en) * 2014-05-12 2015-11-19 한국해양대학교 산학협력단 Energy storage apparatus using power generation turbine and compressed gas by pump
CN106969655A (en) * 2017-03-28 2017-07-21 中国科学院理化技术研究所 Isotherm compression air energy storage systems
CN108425784A (en) * 2018-03-26 2018-08-21 华南理工大学 A kind of water pumping compressed air energy-storage and its operation method
CN113389675A (en) * 2021-07-02 2021-09-14 南京品会聚能科技有限公司 Low-temperature supercritical water circulation power generation equipment

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110258999A1 (en) * 2009-05-22 2011-10-27 General Compression, Inc. Methods and devices for optimizing heat transfer within a compression and/or expansion device
WO2015174726A1 (en) * 2014-05-12 2015-11-19 한국해양대학교 산학협력단 Energy storage apparatus using power generation turbine and compressed gas by pump
CN106969655A (en) * 2017-03-28 2017-07-21 中国科学院理化技术研究所 Isotherm compression air energy storage systems
CN108425784A (en) * 2018-03-26 2018-08-21 华南理工大学 A kind of water pumping compressed air energy-storage and its operation method
CN113389675A (en) * 2021-07-02 2021-09-14 南京品会聚能科技有限公司 Low-temperature supercritical water circulation power generation equipment

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