CN114153031A - Optical fiber end cap with collimation function and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Optical fiber end cap with collimation function and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114153031A CN114153031A CN202111348053.9A CN202111348053A CN114153031A CN 114153031 A CN114153031 A CN 114153031A CN 202111348053 A CN202111348053 A CN 202111348053A CN 114153031 A CN114153031 A CN 114153031A
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010884 ion-beam technique Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000345998 Calamus manan Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012950 rattan cane Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/262—Optical details of coupling light into, or out of, or between fibre ends, e.g. special fibre end shapes or associated optical elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/25—Preparing the ends of light guides for coupling, e.g. cutting
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)
Abstract
A method for manufacturing an optical fiber end cap with a collimation function is disclosed, wherein the optical fiber output end cap comprises a section of a conventional cylindrical area and a section of a spherical lens area with a certain curvature. The method is realized by a heating melting method, and any conventional optical material can be applied. The end cap includes a generally cylindrical region and a ball lens region having a curvature. The cylindrical area is used for expanding laser spots output by the optical fiber, and the ball lens area shapes the output divergent laser into a collimated laser spot for output. The method can directly obtain the ball lens with the collimation function by heating and melting the conventional cylindrical lens, and the size of the conventional cylindrical lens and the ball lens can be changed from micrometer to millimeter, which cannot be realized by the conventional optical processing end cap.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a laser device, in particular to an optical fiber end cap with a collimation function and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The light spots can be enlarged by connecting the end cap at the output end of the optical fiber, and the optical fiber damage caused by overhigh power density is effectively reduced. In some special fields of use, the end cap of the optical fiber is required to have a collimating function, so that one surface of the end cap needs to be processed into a ball lens.
At present, the main body of the optical fiber end cap ball lens is machined, and the process of the main body is mature, so that various different requirements can be met. However, the machining process inevitably causes damage to the end face material itself, such as scratches, which significantly reduce the performance of the end cap, such as power tolerance, during use of the end cap. And the mechanical processing method can only be applied to materials with certain sizes, and for materials with hundreds of microns or even tens of microns, the mechanical processing method cannot be used. The patent CN107015320A adopts an ion beam etching method, which can effectively avoid damage in the machining process and improve the service performance of the optical fiber end cap. However, in the ion beam etching, inert gas is ionized under vacuum condition, so that the inert gas is projected onto the surface of the material at a certain speed, and the processing is realized by microscopic mechanical impact, and the essence of the processing is that the ion impact is thinned to obtain the desired spherical surface. Thus, for a given size of end cap, a spherical alignment region having an outer diameter larger than the size of the end cap cannot be obtained using ion beam etching.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a more effective and flexible method for preparing an optical fiber end cap with a collimation function, which is realized by a heating melting method and can be applied to any conventional optical material. The method overcomes the defects of the prior art, and can quickly, efficiently and flexibly prepare the end cap capable of obtaining the output of the collimated laser.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an optical fiber end cap with collimation function is characterized by comprising a beam expansion area and a collimation area, wherein the length of the beam expansion area is L1Radius R1The collimating area has a radius of curvature R2The beam expanding area of the ball lens is directly connected with the optical fiber, and the laser output by the optical fiber is freely transmitted in the beam expanding area according to the divergence angle. The collimation area collimates the divergent light output by the beam expansion area and outputs the collimated light, and the length of the collimation area is L2Radius R1The cylinder of (a) is directly prepared by a hot melt method. Length L1And L2The cylinder of (a) is a unitary body of the same material, which may be any optical material.
The outer diameter R of the optical fiber end cap1In the range of from 80 to 2000 microns, R1Greater than the fiber core diameter R of the optical fiber3。
The outer diameter L of the optical fiber end cap1Satisfy the requirement of
θ is the laser output laser divergence angle.
The outer diameter R of the optical fiber end cap2In the range of from 80 to 2000 microns, R2＞R1。
Said length L2Satisfy the requirement of
A method for preparing an optical fiber end cap with a collimating function is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining the length L of the prepared beam expanding areaIAnd length L of the collimation area2And the length L of the optical fiber end cap material, L ═ L1+L2(ii) a The length L of the expanded beam area1Satisfy the requirement of
Theta is a laser output laser divergence angle; the collimation area is formed by the length L2Radius R1Is prepared by a hot melting method, and has a length of L1And L2The cylinder of (2) is made of an integrated optical material, and the outer diameter R of the collimation area2In the range of 80 to 2000 microns, and R2≈L1(n-1), wherein n is the material of the end capA refractive index; said length L2Satisfy the requirement of
Stripping off a coating layer at the output end of the optical fiber used for laser transmission to obtain a clean output end face inclined by less than 1 degree;
processing the material of the optical fiber end cap to obtain a clean input end face with an inclination of less than 1 degree, and welding the optical fiber output end with the input end of the optical fiber end cap;
cutting the optical fiber end cap material according to the length L of the optical fiber end cap material obtained in the step two;
opening CO2Ball burning program of fusion machine, setting heating power and length L of collimation area to be prepared2And a radius of curvature R2The heating power needs to be 20% higher than the correction power of the optical fiber end cap material;
sixthly, placing the optical fiber end cap material to be processed in CO2The heating zone of the welding machine is prepared and is compared and adjusted with the design parameters to form a collimation zone of the optical fiber end cap;
seventhly, carrying out heat treatment on the prepared optical fiber end cap, wherein the treatment temperature and time are carried out according to the thermal characteristics of the end cap material, and eliminating stress introduced in the heating process;
and coating an antireflection film on the outer surface of the spherical surface of the collimation area.
And the third step-the fifth step adopts an optical fiber cutter and/or a grinder.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the optical fiber output end cap comprises a light spot expanding area and a light spot collimating ball lens area, can directly obtain collimated output laser, does not need an additional collimating system, and reduces the use cost of the laser.
2) The method has high tolerance on the size of the end cap material, can solve the problem that the conventional optical processing cannot process lenses in the order of hundreds of microns, has no defects of scratches, particles and the like in a prepared spherical area, and can greatly improve the tolerance power of the optical fiber end cap.
3) The size and the curvature radius of the collimation area of the spherical mirror can be conveniently and flexibly accurately controlled, collimation light spots with different sizes can be obtained, and the defect that lens processing cannot be carried out on the size of hundreds of microns in optical processing is overcome.
4) The uncontrollable mechanical damage caused by the end cap material in the machining process can be reduced to the maximum extent, the surface performance of the end cap of the optical fiber end face is improved, and the output power tolerance is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a fiber end cap with alignment features according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an optical fiber end cap with alignment prepared in example 1.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but not limited thereto, and modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
An optical fiber output end cap with a collimating function comprises a section of a conventional cylindrical region, namely a beam expanding region 2 and a section of a spherical lens region with a certain curvature, namely a collimating region 3. The cylindrical area is used for expanding laser spots output by the optical fiber, and the ball lens area shapes the output divergent laser into a collimated laser spot for output. By CO2The laser heats the cylindrical optical material which is welded with the optical fiber, and the generated ball lens collimation area is controlled by controlling the heating power, the feeding speed and the rotating speed.
Example (b):
the 1 micron laser output fiber is a 30/250 quartz fiber 1, the output light spot is 25 microns, and the divergence angle is 7 degrees; preparing a collimation output end cap, so that the output light spot of the collimation output end cap is 250 +/-20 microns, and the divergence angle is about 1 degree; according to the wavelength of the laser output optical fiber, selecting a pure quartz rod with the outer diameter of 250 microns as an end cap preparation material; the preparation method comprises the following specific steps:
1) the diameter of the collimating lens is determined to be 400 micrometers according to the size of an output light spot, and the diameter is required for preparing the ball lens according to the volume equality principleLength L of pure quartz rod with 250 micron outer diameter1682 microns;
2) the length L of the pure quartz rod with the required outer diameter of 250 micrometers is determined according to the divergence angle2For 1883 microns, the total length L of the end cap material required is L1+L22565 microns;
3) peeling off a coating layer at the output end of the 30/250 optical fiber, and obtaining a complete and clean end face with an inclination angle smaller than 1 degree by a Vytran401 optical fiber cutter;
4) placing a 250-micrometer quartz rod on a Vytran401 optical fiber cutting knife for cutting, wherein the inclination angle of the end face is less than 1 degree, and welding the optical fiber processed in the step 3 with a rattan bin 100P + welding machine;
5) cutting the quartz rod with the diameter of 250 micrometers by using a Vytan401 cutting knife, wherein the angle of the cut end surface is less than 1 degree, and the length from the welding point to the cut end surface is 2526 +/-30 micrometers after cutting;
6) opening of CO2The welding machine is used for correcting the power of the 250-micron quartz rod to 470Bit, opening a ball burning program, setting the spherical radius to 200 microns, setting the heating power to 590Bit, and performing rotary heating from the end face of the quartz rod to prepare a spherical collimating lens;
7) scanning the contour of the spherical area of the manufactured end cap, and adjusting the rotating speed and the feeding speed parameters by comparing with the design size until the spherical alignment area of the end cap with the same design is obtained;
8) preserving the temperature of the output end cap for 10 minutes at 900 ℃, and naturally cooling to room temperature to reduce the residual stress;
9) plating 1 micron reflection reducing coating to the spherical surface of end cap. The output end cap as shown in fig. 2 was tested to have an output spot divergence of about 1.2 degrees with some collimation length.
The invention can directly obtain the ball lens with the collimation function by heating and melting the conventional cylindrical lens, and the size of the conventional cylindrical lens and the ball lens can be changed from micrometer to millimeter, which can not be realized by the conventional optical processing end cap.
Claims (10)
1. With collimationThe functional optical fiber end cap is characterized by being formed by integrating a beam expanding area (2) and a collimating area (3), wherein the beam expanding area (2) is L in length1Radius R1The cylindrical shape of (2) and no waveguide structure; the collimation area (3) has a curvature radius R2The input end of the beam expanding region (2) is connected with the optical fiber (1), laser output by the optical fiber (1) is freely transmitted in the beam expanding region (2) according to a divergence angle, and divergent light output by the beam expanding region (2) is collimated and output through the collimating region (3).
2. The optical fiber end cap with collimation function as recited in claim 1, characterized in that the inner diameter R of the expanded beam region (2)1In the range of 80 to 2000 microns, and R1＞R3，R3Is the core diameter of the optical fiber (1).
3. The optical fiber end cap with collimation function of claim 1, wherein the length L of the expanded beam region (2)1Satisfy the requirement of
Theta is the output laser divergence angle of the laser (1).
4. Optical fibre end cap with collimating function according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer diameter R of the collimating area (3)2In the range of 80 to 2000 microns, and R2≈L1(n-1), where n is the refractive index of the end cap material.
5. Optical fibre end cap with collimating function according to claim 1, characterized in that the collimating area (3) is formed by a length L2Radius R1Is prepared by a hot melting method, and has a length of L1And L2The cylinder of (a) is a unitary body of the same material, which may be any optical material.
6. According to the rightThe fiber optic endcap of claim 5 having alignment functionality, wherein said length L2Satisfy the requirement of
7. A method of making an optical fiber end cap having collimating functionality, the method comprising the steps of:
determining the length L of the prepared beam expanding area (2)1And the length L of the collimation area (3)2And the length L of the optical fiber end cap material, L ═ L1+L2；
Stripping a coating layer at the output end of the optical fiber (1) used for laser transmission to obtain an output end face inclined by less than 1 degree;
processing the material of the optical fiber end cap to obtain an input end face with the inclination of less than 1 degree, and welding the output end of the optical fiber (1) with the input end of the optical fiber end cap;
fourthly, cutting the other end of the optical fiber end cap according to the length L of the optical fiber end cap material;
fifthly, processing the end face obtained in the step IV to form a curvature radius R2The spherical surface of (2);
sixthly, carrying out heat treatment on the optical fiber end cap to eliminate stress introduced in the heating process;
and plating an antireflection film on the outer surface of the spherical surface.
8. Method for preparing an optical fiber end cap with collimating function according to claim 7, characterized in that said step (r) is carried out by determining the length L of said expanded beam region (2)1And the length L of the collimation area (3)2And the length L of the optical fiber end cap material, L ═ L1+L2(ii) a The method comprises the following steps:
the length L of the expanded beam area (2)1Satisfy the requirement of
Theta is the divergence angle of the laser (1) output laser; what is needed isThe collimating area (3) is formed by a length L2Radius R1Is prepared by a hot melting method, and has a length of L1And L2The cylinder of (3) is made of an integrated optical material, and the outer diameter R of the collimation area (3)2In the range of 80 to 2000 microns, and R2≈L1(n-1), wherein n is the refractive index of the end cap material; said length L2Satisfy the requirement of
9. The method of claim 7, wherein the step of processing the output end of the optical fiber end cap to form a curvature radius R2The method comprises the following specific steps:
step 5.1 opening of CO2Program for burning balls of a fusion machine, setting the heating power and the radius of curvature R of the collimated area (3) to be prepared2The heating power needs to be 20% higher than the correction power of the optical fiber end cap material;
step 5.2 Place the fiber end cap material to be processed in CO2And setting the feeding speed for preparation in a heating zone of the welding machine, and adjusting the feeding speed and the heating power for optimization according to the difference between a preparation result and design parameters.
10. The method of claim 7, wherein said step (c) -c is performed by using a fiber cutter and/or a grinder.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111348053.9A CN114153031A (en) | 2021-11-15 | 2021-11-15 | Optical fiber end cap with collimation function and preparation method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111348053.9A CN114153031A (en) | 2021-11-15 | 2021-11-15 | Optical fiber end cap with collimation function and preparation method thereof |
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| CN114153031A true CN114153031A (en) | 2022-03-08 |
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| CN202111348053.9A Withdrawn CN114153031A (en) | 2021-11-15 | 2021-11-15 | Optical fiber end cap with collimation function and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114966981A (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-08-30 | 安徽大学 | Plastic optical fiber micro lens and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104570224A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2015-04-29 | 福州腾景光电科技有限公司 | High-powder fiber-optic collimating coupling system and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN104656194A (en) * | 2015-02-05 | 2015-05-27 | 深圳朗光科技有限公司 | Collimator and on-line polarizer comprising same |
| CN106998031A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-08-01 | 中国兵器装备研究院 | A kind of manufacture method of the quartzy end cap of high power |
| CN107015320A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-08-04 | 中国兵器装备研究院 | A kind of manufacture method of high-power fiber end cap |
| CN108572420A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-09-25 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Bidirectional optical fiber end cap with laser beam expanding output and reflection functions and application thereof |
| CN111025483A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-04-17 | 苏州阿格斯医疗技术有限公司 | Preparation method of fiber lens and fiber lens |
-
2021
- 2021-11-15 CN CN202111348053.9A patent/CN114153031A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104656194A (en) * | 2015-02-05 | 2015-05-27 | 深圳朗光科技有限公司 | Collimator and on-line polarizer comprising same |
| CN104570224A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2015-04-29 | 福州腾景光电科技有限公司 | High-powder fiber-optic collimating coupling system and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN106998031A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-08-01 | 中国兵器装备研究院 | A kind of manufacture method of the quartzy end cap of high power |
| CN107015320A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-08-04 | 中国兵器装备研究院 | A kind of manufacture method of high-power fiber end cap |
| CN108572420A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-09-25 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Bidirectional optical fiber end cap with laser beam expanding output and reflection functions and application thereof |
| CN111025483A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-04-17 | 苏州阿格斯医疗技术有限公司 | Preparation method of fiber lens and fiber lens |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114966981A (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-08-30 | 安徽大学 | Plastic optical fiber micro lens and preparation method thereof |
| CN114966981B (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2023-09-12 | 安徽大学 | Plastic optical fiber micro lens and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20220308 |