CN114152883A - Storage battery internal state measuring device and soft package lithium ion battery - Google Patents

Storage battery internal state measuring device and soft package lithium ion battery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114152883A
CN114152883A CN202111438009.7A CN202111438009A CN114152883A CN 114152883 A CN114152883 A CN 114152883A CN 202111438009 A CN202111438009 A CN 202111438009A CN 114152883 A CN114152883 A CN 114152883A
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battery
internal state
sensor
lithium ion
module
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CN202111438009.7A
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Chinese (zh)
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魏学哲
蔡吉祥
王学远
戴海峰
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Tongji University
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Tongji University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/382Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/392Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/486Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for measuring the internal state of a storage battery and a soft package lithium ion battery, wherein the device is completely packaged in the battery and is communicated with the outside only through an optical fiber penetrating through an aluminum plastic film, and the device specifically comprises the following components: a communication module: the input end of the sensor module is connected with the output end of the CPU and used for transmitting the internal state information of the battery collected by the sensor module to the external controller of the battery in an optical fiber communication mode; a CPU: the input end of the battery is connected with the output end of the power supply module and the output end of the sensor module, and the battery is used for receiving the internal state information of the battery collected by the sensor module and controlling the communication module to transmit information outwards; a power supply module: the input end of the voltage stabilizer is connected with the positive lug and the negative lug of the battery to obtain time-varying voltage, and the voltage is reduced by an internal DC/DC converter and then is output by the voltage stabilizer to be stable; a sensor module: the battery state information acquisition device is used for acquiring the internal state information of the battery in real time and sending the internal state information to the CPU. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of high accuracy and timeliness, reduction of battery performance influence, flexible characteristic and the like.

Description

Storage battery internal state measuring device and soft package lithium ion battery
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of vehicle-mounted battery management, in particular to a device for measuring the internal state of a storage battery and a soft package lithium ion battery.
Background
At present, the lithium ion battery is widely applied to the fields of automobiles, mobile phones, notebook computers and the like by virtue of the advantages of high energy density, cleanness, environmental protection, long cycle life and the like. Relatively speaking, the package of the lithium ion battery is divided into two categories, one is a metal shell battery cell, and the other is a soft package battery cell, namely a soft package lithium ion battery. The soft package lithium ion battery has the advantages of good safety performance, light weight, flexible design and the like, and has good development prospect.
Current battery management systems perform state estimation or fault diagnosis of a battery based on external state quantities of the battery, such as surface temperature, terminal voltage, current, and the like, without measuring critical parameters such as temperature, strain, gas pressure, and composition inside the battery. It is difficult to accurately and timely acquire the real information of the battery, thereby increasing the difficulty in managing the battery better. A series of sensors are integrated into the soft package lithium ion battery, so that the internal parameters of the battery can be directly monitored, and the method has great significance for accurate estimation of the battery state and effective prevention of thermal runaway. The soft package lithium ion battery is different from a metal shell lithium ion battery, the compact structure of the soft package lithium ion battery provides great challenges for the arrangement of components such as a sensor and a communication module, and how to effectively and nondestructively integrate the components such as the sensor and the communication module into the soft package lithium ion battery becomes one of the key problems in the technical development of the intelligent flexible battery.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a device for measuring the internal state of a storage battery and a soft package lithium ion battery.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a device for measuring the internal state of a storage battery, which is completely packaged in the battery and is communicated with the outside only through an optical fiber penetrating through an aluminum plastic film, comprises:
a communication module: the input end of the sensor module is connected with the output end of the CPU and used for transmitting the internal state information of the battery collected by the sensor module to the external controller of the battery in an optical fiber communication mode;
a CPU: the input end of the battery is connected with the output end of the power supply module and the output end of the sensor module, and the battery is used for receiving the internal state information of the battery collected by the sensor module and controlling the communication module to transmit information outwards;
a power supply module: the input end of the voltage stabilizer is connected with the positive and negative lugs of the battery to obtain time-varying voltage, and stable voltage is output through an internal DC/DC converter and a voltage stabilizer;
a sensor module: the battery state information acquisition device is used for acquiring the internal state information of the battery in real time and sending the internal state information to the CPU.
The sensor module comprises a temperature sensor, a strain sensor, a gas pressure sensor and/or a gas composition sensor and is used for measuring the temperature, the strain and the gas pressure in the battery and the contained gas composition information in real time.
The temperature sensor is particularly a low-power-consumption small-size on-chip temperature sensor and is used for realizing high-precision large-amplitude temperature measurement in a limited space.
The strain sensor is a flexible strain sensor prepared based on gold nanoparticles, and the detection range of the strain sensor is-0.9%.
The external battery controller performs state estimation, fault diagnosis and prevention of thermal runaway and overcharge and overdischarge phenomena on the battery according to the collected internal state information of the battery, wherein the state estimation comprises SOC estimation and SOH estimation.
The storage battery is specifically a soft package lithium ion battery.
The communication module, the CPU, the power module and the sensor module are respectively embedded on a flexible circuit board/FPC by welding.
The flexible circuit board/FPC is installed in a soft package lithium ion battery for packaging after being sealed by a waterproof and breathable material expanded polytetrafluoroethylene film, so that the measuring device can detect gas in the battery, and can effectively prevent electrolyte from causing short circuit of the circuit board.
When the soft package lithium ion battery is produced, the flexible circuit board/FPC is tightly attached to an electrode plate of the battery, and the electrode plate, the diaphragm and the flexible circuit board/FPC are packaged together by adopting an aluminum plastic film to manufacture the soft package lithium ion battery with the internal state measuring device.
The utility model provides a soft packet of lithium ion battery with inside state measuring device of battery, this soft packet of lithium ion battery adopts the plastic-aluminum membrane to encapsulate preparation shaping together with electrode slice, diaphragm and inside state measuring device when production.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the internal state measuring device of the storage battery provided by the invention has the advantages that a series of sensors are placed inside the soft package lithium ion battery, the critical factors such as the temperature, the strain, the gas pressure, the gas components and the like inside the battery can be monitored in real time, a CPU (central processing unit) can send an information transmission instruction to a communication module so as to transmit the information collected by the sensors to the outside of the battery, and the internal state measuring device has higher accuracy and timeliness compared with the currently widely used mode of managing the battery by using the external terminal voltage, the surface temperature and the like of the battery.
The temperature sensor adopted by the device is an on-chip temperature sensor, has the advantages of low power consumption, small size, large measurement range and small measurement error, can effectively reduce the influence on the performance of the battery by applying the temperature sensor to the internal measurement of the soft package lithium ion battery, and can effectively monitor various working conditions of the battery during working.
The strain sensor adopted by the device is a strain sensor prepared based on nano particles, and compared with the existing strain sensor, the strain sensor has higher sensitivity, wider detection range, higher detection resolution and lower response time, and can fully meet the requirements of work.
The power module is connected with the positive and negative pole pieces of the battery in the battery so as to supply power to the internal state measuring device of the storage battery, and is not electrically connected with the outside, and the battery does not need to be punched or other devices are added to supply power to the battery, so that the influence on the soft package lithium ion battery is reduced, and the production cost is reduced.
And fifthly, the invention adopts the mode of optical fiber communication to transmit information to the outside of the battery, the optical fiber communication has the characteristics of large communication capacity, high speed and good electromagnetic interference resistance, and can completely and rapidly transmit a large amount of internal state information of the battery to a controller outside the battery in the aluminum plastic film, thereby carrying out accurate and timely management strategy on the battery.
Sixthly, the subassembly that the device contains all piles through modes such as welding and inlays on a flexible circuit board FPC, then install inside soft package lithium ion battery in soft package lithium ion battery production process, because flexible circuit board FPC has the flexible, advantages such as small, so this circuit board installation in the battery can not exert an influence to the performance of battery, and this circuit board can not suffer destruction because its flexibility when the battery produces inside deformation or receives collision or extrusion, the reliability obtains abundant guarantee, and simultaneously, because the circuit board is sealed by waterproof ventilative material polytetrafluoroethylene membrane, so the existence of electrolyte can not lead to the circuit board short circuit, and the gas that the battery produced can also enter into the membrane smoothly and be detected by the sensor.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the composition of a battery internal state measuring apparatus in example 1.
Fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of the on-chip temperature sensor in embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of various modules on the flexible circuit board/FPC in embodiment 2.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the installation arrangement of the measuring device in the production of the soft-package lithium ion battery in embodiment 2.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides an apparatus for measuring internal state of a storage battery packaged in an aluminum-plastic film, which is packaged in the battery and communicates with the outside only by means of an optical fiber passing through the aluminum-plastic film, and comprises a communication module, a CPU, a power supply module and a series of sensors, wherein the connection mode and function of each module are as follows:
the input end of the communication module is connected with the output end of the CPU, when the CPU sends a command of transmitting signals, the communication module modulates the electric signals collected by the sensor onto laser beams sent by the laser, so that the intensity of light changes along with the amplitude (frequency) change of the electric signals and is sent out through the optical fibers; at the receiving end, the detector receives the optical signal and converts it into an electrical signal, and the electrical signal is demodulated to obtain the internal state information of the battery. Therefore, the external battery controller can accurately estimate the state of the battery through the information, and provide effective guidance for preventing the phenomena of overcharge, overdischarge and thermal runaway of the battery.
The input end of the CPU is connected with the output end of the power supply module and the output ends of the sensors. When a series of sensors collect the internal information of the battery in real time, the CPU receives the information collected by the sensors and carries out preliminary calculation processing, and then sends a signal transmission command to the communication module, so that the internal state information of the battery is transmitted outwards. Meanwhile, when the CPU receives power supply from the power supply module, the CPU also supplies power to the communication module and the sensors through a series of electrical connections.
The input end of the power supply module is connected with the positive and negative lugs of the battery, the power supply module has the functions of high-low voltage conversion and voltage stabilization, time-varying voltage is obtained from the positive and negative lugs of the battery, and then stable voltage suitable for the work of the internal state measuring device is output through the internal DC/DC converter and the voltage stabilizer.
The internal state measuring device of the storage battery can be provided with a plurality of sensors, and the embodiment only gives a few examples, such as: temperature sensors, strain sensors, gas pressure sensors, and gas composition sensors. The temperature sensor adopts a low-power-consumption small-size on-chip temperature sensor, the schematic block diagram of the sensor is shown in fig. 2, the environment temperature is converted into PTAT current through a PTAT current generator, then the current is used as the bias current of a source coupled oscillator, and finally the environment temperature is output in the form of frequency; the strain sensor used is a strain sensor prepared based on nanoparticles, and in the embodiment, a flexible strain sensor prepared based on gold nanoparticles is adopted, which has a certain sensitivity and good stability for strain between-0.9% and 0.9%. The sensors can monitor the temperature, strain, gas pressure and gas composition information in the battery in real time and transmit the information to the external controller of the battery through the CPU and the communication module so as to carry out state estimation (such as SOC and SOH estimation), fault diagnosis and prevention of thermal runaway and overcharge and overdischarge phenomena on the battery.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 3, the present embodiment provides a device for measuring the internal state of a battery, in which a communication module, a CPU, a power module and a series of sensor components are embedded on a flexible printed circuit/FPC that can be freely bent by soldering or other methods, and the device can still be kept intact when the flexible printed circuit/FPC is bent to a small extent, thereby performing a normal function.
As shown in fig. 4, the flexible circuit board/FPC is sealed with an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) membrane that is a waterproof and gas permeable material that prevents the electrolyte from contacting the circuit board and causing a short circuit, and the gas generated inside the cell can still permeate through the membrane and be detected by the sensor.
When the soft package lithium ion battery is produced, the flexible circuit board/FPC is mounted in a manner of clinging to the electrode plate, and then the electrode plate, the diaphragm and the flexible circuit board/FPC are packaged together by an aluminum plastic film to manufacture the soft package lithium ion battery with the internal state measuring device.
Example 3
An embodiment of the present invention provides a soft package lithium ion battery with a device for measuring an internal state of a storage battery, where the battery includes the device for measuring an internal state of a storage battery as in embodiments 1 and 2.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a device for measuring the internal state of battery, its characterized in that, this device is totally encapsulated inside the battery, only communicates with the outside through the optic fibre that passes through the plastic-aluminum membrane, specifically includes:
a communication module: the input end of the sensor module is connected with the output end of the CPU and used for transmitting the internal state information of the battery collected by the sensor module to the external controller of the battery in an optical fiber communication mode;
a CPU: the input end of the battery is connected with the output end of the power supply module and the output end of the sensor module, and the battery is used for receiving the internal state information of the battery collected by the sensor module and controlling the communication module to transmit information outwards;
a power supply module: the input end of the voltage stabilizer is connected with the positive lug and the negative lug of the battery to obtain time-varying voltage, and the voltage is reduced by an internal DC/DC converter and then is output by the voltage stabilizer to be stable;
a sensor module: the battery state information acquisition device is used for acquiring the internal state information of the battery in real time and sending the internal state information to the CPU.
2. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sensor module comprises a temperature sensor, a strain sensor, a gas pressure sensor and/or a gas composition sensor for measuring the temperature, strain, gas pressure and gas composition information in the battery in real time.
3. The apparatus for measuring the internal state of a secondary battery according to claim 2, wherein the temperature sensor is a low power consumption, small-sized on-chip temperature sensor for realizing high-precision large-amplitude measurement of temperature in a limited space, and comprises a PTAT current generator and a source-coupled oscillator connected to each other, the PTAT current generator converting ambient temperature into PTAT current, using the PTAT current as a bias current of the source-coupled oscillator, and finally outputting the ambient temperature in the form of frequency.
4. The apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein the strain sensor is a flexible strain sensor prepared based on gold nanoparticles, and the detection range is-0.9% to 0.9%.
5. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the external controller performs state estimation, fault diagnosis and prevention of thermal runaway and overcharge and overdischarge phenomena on the battery according to the collected internal state information of the battery, and the state estimation includes SOC estimation and SOH estimation.
6. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the battery is a soft package lithium ion battery.
7. The apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein the communication module, the CPU, the power module and the sensor module are respectively mounted on a flexible circuit board/FPC by solder stacking.
8. The device for measuring the internal state of the storage battery according to claim 7, wherein the flexible circuit board/FPC is sealed by a waterproof and breathable expanded polytetrafluoroethylene film and then is installed in a soft package lithium ion battery for packaging during production, so that the measuring device can detect gas in the battery and effectively prevent the electrolyte from causing short circuit of the circuit board.
9. The device for measuring the internal state of the storage battery according to claim 8, wherein when the soft package lithium ion battery is produced, the flexible circuit board/FPC is mounted in close contact with electrode plates of the battery, and the electrode plates, the diaphragm and the flexible circuit board/FPC are packaged together by an aluminum plastic film to form the soft package lithium ion battery with the internal state measuring device.
10. A soft package lithium ion battery with a storage battery internal state measuring device is characterized in that an aluminum plastic film is adopted to package and mold an electrode plate, a diaphragm and the internal state measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 10 during production of the soft package lithium ion battery.
CN202111438009.7A 2021-11-30 2021-11-30 Storage battery internal state measuring device and soft package lithium ion battery Pending CN114152883A (en)

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Application publication date: 20220308