CN114152490B - Sample preparation device for frozen soil material fracture test and use method thereof - Google Patents
Sample preparation device for frozen soil material fracture test and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114152490B CN114152490B CN202111429406.8A CN202111429406A CN114152490B CN 114152490 B CN114152490 B CN 114152490B CN 202111429406 A CN202111429406 A CN 202111429406A CN 114152490 B CN114152490 B CN 114152490B
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 123
- 239000012520 frozen sample Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/36—Embedding or analogous mounting of samples
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/42—Low-temperature sample treatment, e.g. cryofixation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/36—Embedding or analogous mounting of samples
- G01N2001/366—Moulds; Demoulding
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a sample preparation device for frozen soil material fracture test and a use method thereof, wherein the device comprises a single-shaft pressure tester, a pressure head structure and a sample box; the telescopic end of a hydraulic cylinder of the single-shaft pressure testing machine is fixedly connected with the top of a connecting seat of the pressure head structure; a sample box is arranged on an operation platform of the single-shaft pressure testing machine below the pressure head structure; the pressing plate of the pressure head structure is movably inserted into the sample box, and a knife plate is movably arranged in the sample box; the using method comprises the following steps: (1) selecting a component; (2) installing sample preparation equipment; (3) coating lubricating oil; (4) sample loading and pressing; (5) freezing and preparing samples; (6) sampling. The beneficial effects are that: the sample preparation device for the frozen soil material fracture test is simple in structure and easy to realize; the integrity of the sample can be ensured, and the cracks can be uniform; the application method of the invention is simple, the sample can be pressed and prefabricated in a crack, one-step operation is not needed, and the sample preparation efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical field:
the invention belongs to the field of civil engineering sample preparation devices, and particularly relates to a sample preparation device for frozen soil material fracture test and a use method thereof.
The background technology is as follows:
the fracture mechanical behavior of the frozen soil material is an important basis for theoretical research and engineering design, and the method is significant for developing fracture tests, namely, how to prepare the frozen soil material samples with uniform and prefabricated cracks. The method is characterized in that a sample is prepared by adopting a cutting method after a pressed sample is usually adopted in the preparation of a prefabricated crack sample which is commonly used at present, namely, a compaction method is adopted to prepare a sample (generally in a cuboid shape) with a certain geometric dimension, and then a soil cutter is used for cutting the sample.
The invention comprises the following steps:
the first aim of the invention is to provide a sample preparation device for frozen soil material fracture test, which has simple structure and ensures the integrity of frozen soil samples.
A second object of the present invention is to provide a method of using a sample preparation device for frozen soil material fracture test, which is simple in use method.
The technical scheme of the invention discloses a sample preparation device for frozen soil material fracture test, which comprises a single-shaft pressure tester, a pressure head structure and a sample box; the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder of the single-shaft pressure testing machine is fixedly connected with the top of the connecting seat of the pressure head structure; the sample box is arranged on an operation platform of the single-shaft pressure testing machine below the pressure head structure; the pressing plate of the pressure head structure is movably inserted into the sample box, and a knife plate is movably arranged in the sample box.
Further, a base plate is paved in the sample box at two sides of the knife board, and at least one jack is formed in the base plate at two sides of the knife board.
Further, a sliding block is arranged at the bottom of the knife board, a sliding groove matched with the sliding block is formed in the bottom plate of the sample box, and the sliding block is inserted in the sliding groove in a sliding manner.
Further, the knife board is in a wedge shape with gradually smaller width from bottom to top.
Further, the sample box comprises a bottom plate and four side plates; the bottom plate is vertically provided with 4 side plates, and the adjacent side plates are fixedly connected through bolts.
Further, a groove corresponding to the side plate is formed in the bottom plate, and the side plate is inserted into the groove.
Further, the pressure head structure comprises the connecting seat, an L-shaped connecting piece and the pressure plate; the bottom of the connecting seat is horizontally provided with two connecting pieces which are arranged in a back-to-back manner in a sliding manner; the bottoms of the two connecting pieces are respectively provided with the pressing plates in a horizontal sliding mode; the cutting board movably penetrates through a gap between the two pressing boards and is arranged between the two connecting pieces, so that soil samples can be conveniently pressed for multiple times, and sample preparation uniformity is guaranteed.
Further, at least one sliding rail perpendicular to the knife board is fixedly arranged at the top of the connecting piece, a sliding groove matched with the sliding rail is arranged at the bottom of the connecting seat, and the sliding rail is inserted in the sliding groove in a sliding manner.
Further, limiting plates are respectively fixed on two sides of the connecting seat; a first guide rod is fixed on one surface of the limiting plate opposite to the connecting piece; a first through hole is formed in the surface, opposite to the first guide rod, of the connecting piece, and the first guide rod is movably inserted into the first through hole; the first guide rod is movably sleeved with a first spring, and two ends of the first spring are respectively abutted against the limiting plate and the connecting piece.
Further, a fixing plate is vertically fixed on the top of the pressing plate, a baffle plate which is mutually parallel to the pressing plate is fixed on the top of the fixing plate, and a slot is formed among the pressing plate, the fixing plate and the baffle plate; the bottom of the connecting piece is movably inserted into the slot.
Further, a second guide rod is fixed on one surface of the fixed plate opposite to the connecting piece, a second through hole is formed in the surface of the connecting piece opposite to the second guide rod, and the second guide rod is movably inserted into the second through hole; and a second spring is movably sleeved on the second guide rod, and two ends of the second spring are respectively abutted against the fixed plate and the connecting piece.
The invention also discloses a using method of the sample preparation device for the frozen soil material fracture test, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) A selection part: selecting a corresponding knife board according to the requirement of the slotting size of the sample;
(2) Installing sample preparation equipment: inserting the knife board selected in the step (1) into a sliding groove on a bottom plate through a sliding block at the bottom of the knife board, inserting four side plates into grooves on the bottom plate, fixing the four side plates through bolts to form a sample box, then laying backing plates in the sample boxes at two sides of the knife board, and finally placing the sample box on an operation platform of a single-shaft pressure testing machine below a pressure head structure;
(3) Coating lubricating oil: uniformly smearing a layer of lubricating oil on the inner surface of the sample box, the surface of the knife board and the upper surface of the backing plate in the step (2) respectively to obtain a sample loading device, wherein the smearing of the lubricating oil is used for easily separating a sample from the inner surface of the sample box, the surface of the knife board and the upper surface of the backing plate;
(4) Sample loading and pressing: equally dividing the soil sample into 3-4 times, and loading the soil sample into the sample loading device in the step (3), wherein each time the soil sample is loaded, the single-shaft pressure testing machine controls the pressure head structure to move downwards so that a pressure plate of the pressure head structure is pressed on the soil sample, and the soil sample meeting the test requirement is obtained;
(5) Freezing and preparing a sample: transferring the sample loading device with the pressed soil sample in the step (4) into a freezing chamber with the temperature lower than-30 ℃ for freezing for at least 12 hours;
(6) Sampling: taking out the frozen sample loading device in the step (5) from the freezing chamber, unscrewing a bolt for fixing the side plate, taking down the side plate, inserting one end of a pry bar into an insertion hole at the bottom of the base plate, prying the side plate by force to separate the frozen soil sample in the step (5) from the cutter plate, taking out the cutter plate in a sliding manner, and finally separating the base plate from the bottom of the soil sample to obtain a frozen soil sample containing prefabricated cracks.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the sample preparation device for the frozen soil material fracture test is simple in structure and easy to realize; the preparation of the cube prefabricated crack frozen soil sample can be realized, the sample can be fully and uniformly pressed in the sample preparation process, the integrity of the sample can be ensured, and the crack can be uniform; meanwhile, frozen soil samples with cracks of different sizes can be prefabricated according to test requirements.
2. The method is simple, the sample can be pressed and prefabricated in a crack mode, step operation is not needed, sample preparation efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, demolding and sampling are convenient.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a partial enlarged view of a portion B in fig. 1.
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of section A-A of FIG. 1.
Fig. 4 is a partial enlarged view of a portion C in fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a partial enlarged view of the portion D in fig. 3.
Fig. 6 is a left side view of fig. 1.
The single-shaft pressure testing machine 1, a hydraulic cylinder 11, an operation platform 12, a pressure head structure 2, a connecting seat 201, a sliding chute 2011, a connecting piece 202, a first through hole 2021, a second through hole 2022, a pressing plate 203, a sliding rail 204, a limiting plate 205, a first guide rod 206, a first spring 207, a fixing plate 208, a baffle 209, a slot 210, a second guide rod 211, a second spring 212, a sample box 3, a bottom plate 31, a groove 311, a sliding chute 312, a side plate 32, a knife plate 4, a backing plate 5, an inserting hole 51 and a sliding block 6.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
the invention will be described in further detail by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1: as shown in fig. 1 to 6, a sample preparation device for frozen earth material fracture test comprises a uniaxial pressure tester 1, a pressure head structure 2 and a sample box 3; the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 11 of the single-shaft pressure testing machine 1 is fixedly connected with the top of the connecting seat 201 of the pressure head structure 2; a sample box 3 is arranged on an operation platform 12 of the single-shaft pressure testing machine 1 below the pressure head structure 2; the pressing plate 203 of the pressing head structure 2 is movably inserted into the sample box 3; a knife board 4 is movably arranged in the sample box 3, a base plate 5 is paved in the sample box 3 at two sides of the knife board 4, and at least one jack 51 is formed on the base plate 5 at two sides of the knife board 4; a sliding block 6 is arranged at the bottom of the knife board 4, a sliding groove 312 matched with the sliding block 6 is arranged on the bottom plate 31 of the sample box 3, and the sliding block 6 is inserted in the sliding groove 312 in a sliding way; the blade 4 has a wedge shape with a width gradually decreasing from the bottom to the top.
The sample box 3 includes a bottom plate 31 and four side plates 32; 4 side plates 32 are vertically arranged on the bottom plate 31, and the adjacent side plates 32 are fixedly connected through bolts; the bottom plate 31 is provided with a groove 311 corresponding to the side plate 32, and the side plate 32 is inserted into the groove 311.
The pressure head structure 2 comprises a connecting seat 201, an L-shaped connecting piece 202 and a pressing plate 203; two connecting pieces 202 which are arranged in a back way are horizontally and slidably arranged at the bottom of the connecting seat 201; the bottoms of the two connecting pieces 202 are respectively provided with a pressing plate 203 in a horizontal sliding manner; the knife board 4 is movably arranged between the two connecting pieces 202 through a gap between the two pressing plates 203, so that the soil sample can be conveniently pressed for multiple times.
At least one sliding rail 204 perpendicular to the knife board 4 is fixedly arranged at the top of the connecting piece 202, a sliding groove 2011 matched with the sliding rail 204 is arranged at the bottom of the connecting seat 201, and the sliding rail 204 is inserted in the sliding groove 2011 in a sliding manner.
Limiting plates 205 are respectively fixed on two sides of the connecting seat 201; a first guide rod 206 is fixed on the surface of the limiting plate 205 opposite to the connecting piece 202; a first through hole 2021 is formed on the surface of the connecting piece 202 opposite to the first guide rod 206, and the first guide rod 206 is movably inserted into the first through hole 2021; a first spring 207 is movably sleeved on the first guide rod 206, and two ends of the first spring 207 are respectively abutted against the limiting plate 205 and the connecting piece 202.
A fixed plate 208 is vertically fixed on the top of the pressing plate 203, a baffle 209 which is mutually parallel to the pressing plate 203 is fixed on the top of the fixed plate 208, and a slot 210 is formed among the pressing plate 203, the fixed plate 208 and the baffle 209; the bottom of the connecting piece 202 is movably inserted into the slot 210; a second guide rod 211 is fixed on the surface of the fixed plate 208 opposite to the connecting piece 202, a second through hole 2022 is formed on the surface of the connecting piece 202 opposite to the second guide rod 211, and the second guide rod 211 is movably inserted into the second through hole 2022; a second spring 212 is movably sleeved on the second guide rod 211, and two ends of the second spring 212 are respectively abutted against the fixed plate 208 and the connecting piece 202.
Example 2: regarding the method of use of the preparation device of example 1, it comprises the steps of:
(1) A selection part: selecting a corresponding knife board 4 according to the requirement of the slit size of the sample;
(2) Installing sample preparation equipment: the knife board 4 selected in the step (1) is movably inserted into a sliding groove 312 on a bottom plate 31 through a sliding block 6 at the bottom of the knife board, then four side plates 32 are inserted into a groove 311 on the bottom plate 31, the four side plates 32 are fixed through bolts to form a sample box 3, then a base plate 5 is laid in the sample boxes 3 at the two sides of the knife board 4, and finally the sample box 3 is placed on an operation platform 12 of the single-shaft pressure testing machine 1 below the pressure head structure 2;
(3) Coating lubricating oil: uniformly coating a layer of lubricating oil on the inner surface of the sample box 3, the surface of the knife board 4 and the upper surface of the backing plate 5 in the step (2) respectively to obtain a sample loading device, wherein the lubricating oil is coated for easily separating a sample from the inner surface of the sample box 3, the surface of the knife board 4 and the upper surface of the backing plate 5;
(4) Sample loading and pressing: equally dividing the soil sample into 3-4 times, and loading the soil sample into the sample loading device in the step (3), wherein once loading is completed, the uniaxial pressure testing machine 1 controls the pressure head structure 2 to move downwards so that the pressure plate 203 of the pressure head structure 2 presses the soil sample to obtain the soil sample meeting the test requirement;
(5) Freezing and preparing a sample: transferring the sample loading device with the pressed soil sample in the step (4) into a freezing chamber with the temperature lower than-30 ℃ for freezing for at least 12 hours;
(6) Sampling: taking out the frozen sample loading device in the step (5) from the freezing chamber, unscrewing a bolt of the fixed side plate 32, taking down the side plate 32, inserting one end of a pry bar into an insertion hole 51 at the bottom of the base plate 5, prying the pry bar forcefully to separate the frozen soil sample in the step (5) from the knife plate 4, sliding the knife plate 4 out, and finally separating the base plate 5 from the bottom of the soil sample to obtain a frozen soil sample containing prefabricated cracks, wherein the whole demolding process should be slow as much as possible, and the phenomenon that the sample cannot be taken out or damaged due to adhesion of the sample and the knife plate 4 during demolding is avoided.
The method is simple, the sample can be pressed and prefabricated in a crack mode, step operation is not needed, sample preparation efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, demolding and sampling are convenient.
The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the sample box of the present invention may be used for preparing crack samples of granular civil materials such as concrete, and that several improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such improvements and modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. The sample preparation device for the frozen soil material fracture test is characterized by comprising a single-shaft pressure tester, a pressure head structure and a sample box;
the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder of the single-shaft pressure testing machine is fixedly connected with the top of the connecting seat of the pressure head structure; the sample box is arranged on an operation platform of the single-shaft pressure testing machine below the pressure head structure;
the pressure head structure comprises the connecting seat, an L-shaped connecting piece and a pressing plate; the bottom of the connecting seat is horizontally provided with two connecting pieces which are arranged in a back-to-back manner in a sliding manner; the bottoms of the two connecting pieces are respectively provided with the pressing plates in a horizontal sliding mode; the pressing plates are movably inserted into the sample box, a knife plate is movably arranged in the sample box, and the knife plate movably penetrates through a gap between the two pressing plates to be arranged between the two connecting pieces.
2. The sample preparation device for frozen soil material fracture test according to claim 1, wherein a base plate is paved in the sample boxes at two sides of the knife board, and at least one jack is formed in the base plate at two sides of the knife board.
3. The sample preparation device for frozen soil material fracture test according to claim 2, wherein a slide block is arranged at the bottom of the knife board, a sliding groove matched with the slide block is formed in the bottom plate of the sample box, and the slide block is inserted in the sliding groove in a sliding manner.
4. A sample preparation device for frozen earth material fracture test according to claim 3, wherein the knife plate has a wedge shape with a gradually decreasing width from bottom to top.
5. The sample preparation device for frozen soil material fracture test according to claim 4, wherein the sample box comprises a bottom plate and four side plates; the bottom plate is vertically provided with 4 side plates, and the adjacent side plates are fixedly connected through bolts.
6. The sample preparation device for frozen soil material fracture test according to claim 5, wherein the bottom plate is provided with a groove corresponding to the side plate, and the side plate is inserted into the groove.
7. The sample preparation device for frozen soil material fracture test according to claim 1, wherein at least one sliding rail perpendicular to the knife board is fixedly arranged at the top of the connecting piece, a sliding groove matched with the sliding rail is arranged at the bottom of the connecting seat, and the sliding rail is slidably inserted into the sliding groove.
8. The sample preparation device for frozen soil material fracture test according to claim 7, wherein limiting plates are respectively fixed on two sides of the connecting seat; a first guide rod is fixed on one surface of the limiting plate opposite to the connecting piece; a first through hole is formed in the surface, opposite to the first guide rod, of the connecting piece, and the first guide rod is movably inserted into the first through hole; the first guide rod is movably sleeved with a first spring, and two ends of the first spring are respectively abutted against the limiting plate and the connecting piece.
9. The sample preparation device for frozen soil material fracture test according to claim 1, wherein a fixing plate is vertically fixed on the top of the pressing plate, a baffle plate which is mutually parallel to the pressing plate is fixed on the top of the fixing plate, and a slot is formed among the pressing plate, the fixing plate and the baffle plate; the bottom of the connecting piece is movably inserted into the slot.
10. The sample preparation device for frozen soil material fracture test according to claim 9, wherein a second guide rod is fixed on the surface of the fixed plate opposite to the connecting piece, a second through hole is formed on the surface of the connecting piece opposite to the second guide rod, and the second guide rod is movably inserted into the second through hole; and a second spring is movably sleeved on the second guide rod, and two ends of the second spring are respectively abutted against the fixed plate and the connecting piece.
11. A sample preparation device for use in a frozen earth material fracture test according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the method of use thereof comprises the steps of:
(1) A selection part: selecting a corresponding knife board according to the requirement of the slotting size of the sample;
(2) Installing sample preparation equipment: inserting the knife board selected in the step (1) into a sliding groove on a bottom plate through a sliding block at the bottom of the knife board, inserting four side plates into grooves on the bottom plate, fixing the four side plates through bolts to form a sample box, then laying backing plates in the sample boxes at two sides of the knife board, and finally placing the sample box on an operation platform of a single-shaft pressure testing machine below a pressure head structure;
(3) Coating lubricating oil: uniformly coating a layer of lubricating oil on the inner surface of the sample box in the step (2), the surface of the knife board and the upper surface of the backing plate respectively to obtain a sample loading device;
(4) Sample loading and pressing: equally dividing the soil sample into 3-4 times, and loading the soil sample into the sample loading device in the step (3), wherein each time the soil sample is loaded, the single-shaft pressure testing machine controls the pressure head structure to move downwards so that a pressure plate of the pressure head structure is pressed on the soil sample, and the soil sample meeting the test requirement is obtained;
(5) Freezing and preparing a sample: transferring the sample loading device with the pressed soil sample in the step (4) into a freezing chamber with the temperature lower than-30 ℃ for freezing for at least 12 hours;
(6) Sampling: taking out the frozen sample loading device in the step (5), unscrewing a bolt for fixing the side plate, taking down the side plate, inserting one end of a pry bar into an insertion hole at the bottom of the base plate, prying the side plate by force to separate the frozen soil sample in the step (5) from the cutter plate, taking out the cutter plate in a sliding manner, and finally separating the base plate from the bottom of the soil sample to obtain the frozen soil sample with the prefabricated crack.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111429406.8A CN114152490B (en) | 2021-11-29 | 2021-11-29 | Sample preparation device for frozen soil material fracture test and use method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111429406.8A CN114152490B (en) | 2021-11-29 | 2021-11-29 | Sample preparation device for frozen soil material fracture test and use method thereof |
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| CN114152490A CN114152490A (en) | 2022-03-08 |
| CN114152490B true CN114152490B (en) | 2024-02-02 |
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| CN117367920B (en) * | 2023-12-08 | 2024-02-09 | 山东尚远路桥工程机械有限公司 | Frozen soil consolidation experiment testing device and testing method |
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| CN114152490A (en) | 2022-03-08 |
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