CN114152490A - Sample preparation device for frozen soil material fracture test and use method thereof - Google Patents
Sample preparation device for frozen soil material fracture test and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114152490A CN114152490A CN202111429406.8A CN202111429406A CN114152490A CN 114152490 A CN114152490 A CN 114152490A CN 202111429406 A CN202111429406 A CN 202111429406A CN 114152490 A CN114152490 A CN 114152490A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 85
- 239000012520 frozen sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/36—Embedding or analogous mounting of samples
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/42—Low-temperature sample treatment, e.g. cryofixation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/36—Embedding or analogous mounting of samples
- G01N2001/366—Moulds; Demoulding
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a sample preparation device for a frozen soil material fracture test and a use method thereof, wherein the device comprises a single-shaft pressure testing machine, a pressure head structure and a sample box; the telescopic end of a hydraulic cylinder of the single-shaft pressure testing machine is fixedly connected with the top of a connecting seat of the pressure head structure; a sample box is placed on an operation platform of the single-shaft pressure testing machine below the pressure head structure; a pressure plate of the pressure head structure is movably inserted in the sample box, and a knife plate is movably arranged in the sample box; the using method comprises the following steps: (1) a selection component; (2) installing sample preparation equipment; (3) smearing lubricating oil; (4) loading and pressing; (5) freezing and preparing a sample; (6) and (6) sampling. Has the advantages that: the sample preparation device for the frozen soil material fracture test is simple in structure and easy to realize; the integrity of the sample can be ensured, and the cracks can be uniform; the using method of the invention is simple, the sample can be pressed and the crack can be prefabricated and formed at one time, and the step-by-step operation is not needed, thus improving the sample preparation efficiency.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the field of civil engineering sample preparation devices, and particularly relates to a sample preparation device for a frozen soil material fracture test and a using method thereof.
Background art:
the fracture mechanics behavior of the frozen soil material is an important basis for theoretical research and engineering design, and how to prepare the frozen soil material sample with uniform and prefabricated cracks has important significance for developing fracture tests. At present, after a sample is pressed, a commonly used prefabricated crack sample is prepared by a cutting method, namely, a compaction method is adopted to prepare a sample (generally in a cuboid shape) with a certain geometric dimension, and then a soil cutting knife is used to cut the sample.
The invention content is as follows:
the first purpose of the invention is to provide a sample preparation device for frozen soil material fracture test, which has a simple structure and ensures the integrity of frozen soil samples.
A second object of the present invention is to provide a method of using a sample preparation apparatus for frozen earth material fracture test, which is simple in use.
The technical scheme of the invention discloses a sample preparation device for a frozen soil material fracture test, which comprises a uniaxial pressure tester, a pressure head structure and a sample box, wherein the sample preparation device comprises a sample box, a sample box and a sample box; the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder of the single-shaft pressure testing machine is fixedly connected with the top of the connecting seat of the pressure head structure; the sample box is placed on an operation platform of the single-shaft pressure testing machine below the pressure head structure; the pressure plate of the pressure head structure is movably inserted in the sample box, and a knife plate is movably arranged in the sample box.
Furthermore, backing plates are laid in the sample box on two sides of the cutting board, and at least one jack is formed in the backing plates on two sides of the cutting board.
Furthermore, a sliding block is arranged at the bottom of the cutting board, a sliding groove matched with the sliding block is formed in a bottom plate of the sample box, and the sliding block is inserted into the sliding groove in a sliding mode.
Further, the cutting board is in a wedge shape with gradually reduced width from bottom to top.
Further, the sample box comprises a bottom plate and four side plates; the bottom plate is vertically provided with 4 side plates, and the adjacent side plates are fixedly connected through bolts.
Furthermore, a groove corresponding to the side plate is formed in the bottom plate, and the side plate is inserted into the groove.
Further, the pressure head structure comprises the connecting seat, an L-shaped connecting piece and the pressure plate; the bottom of the connecting seat is horizontally provided with two connecting pieces which are arranged in a back-to-back manner in a sliding manner; the bottoms of the two connecting pieces are respectively provided with the pressing plates in a horizontal sliding manner; the cutting board movably penetrates through a gap between the two pressing boards and is arranged between the two connecting pieces, so that the soil sample can be conveniently pressed for multiple times, and the sample preparation uniformity is guaranteed.
Furthermore, the top of the connecting piece is fixedly provided with at least one sliding rail which is vertical to the cutting board, the bottom of the connecting seat is provided with a sliding groove matched with the sliding rail, and the sliding rail is inserted in the sliding groove in a sliding manner.
Furthermore, limiting plates are respectively fixed on two sides of the connecting seat; a first guide rod is fixed on one surface of the limiting plate opposite to the connecting piece; a first through hole is formed in the surface of the connecting piece opposite to the first guide rod, and the first guide rod is movably inserted into the first through hole; the first guide rod is movably sleeved with a first spring, and two ends of the first spring are respectively abutted to the limiting plate and the connecting piece.
Further, a fixing plate is vertically fixed on the top of the pressing plate, a baffle plate which is parallel to the pressing plate is fixed on the top of the fixing plate, and slots are formed among the pressing plate, the fixing plate and the baffle plate; the bottom of the connecting piece is movably inserted in the slot.
Furthermore, a second guide rod is fixed on one surface of the fixing plate opposite to the connecting piece, a second through hole is formed in the surface of the connecting piece opposite to the second guide rod, and the second guide rod is movably inserted into the second through hole; and a second spring is movably sleeved on the second guide rod, and two ends of the second spring are respectively abutted against the fixed plate and the connecting piece.
The invention also discloses a use method of the sample preparation device for the frozen soil material fracture test, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) a selection component: selecting a corresponding cutting board according to the requirement of the sample slotting size;
(2) installing sample preparation equipment: movably inserting the knife board selected in the step (1) into a sliding groove in a bottom plate through a sliding block at the bottom of the knife board, then inserting four side plates into grooves in the bottom plate, fixing the four side plates through bolts to form a sample box, then laying base plates in the sample box on two sides of the knife board, and finally placing the sample box on an operation platform of a single-shaft pressure tester below a pressure head structure;
(3) smearing lubricating oil: respectively and uniformly coating a layer of lubricating oil on the inner surface of the sample box, the surface of the cutting board and the upper surface of the base plate in the step (2) to obtain a sample loading device, wherein the lubricating oil is coated to facilitate the separation of the sample from the inner surface of the sample box, the surface of the cutting board and the upper surface of the base plate;
(4) loading and pressing: evenly dividing the soil sample into 3-4 times and loading the soil sample into the sample loading device in the step (3), wherein the single-shaft pressure tester controls the pressure head structure to move downwards after each time of loading, so that a pressure plate of the pressure head structure is pressed on the soil sample to obtain the soil sample meeting the test requirement;
(5) freezing and sample preparation: transferring the sample loading device with the pressed soil sample in the step (4) into a freezing chamber with the temperature lower than-30 ℃ for freezing for at least 12 hours;
(6) sampling: taking out the frozen sample loading device in the step (5) from the freezing chamber, unscrewing the bolts for fixing the side plates, taking down the side plates, inserting one end of a pry bar into the jack at the bottom of the base plate, prying by force to separate the frozen soil sample in the step (5) from the cutter plate, then taking out the cutter plate in a sliding manner, finally separating the base plate from the bottom of the soil sample to obtain a frozen soil sample containing a prefabricated crack, wherein the whole demolding process needs to be as slow as possible, and the sample cannot be taken out or is damaged due to adhesion of the sample and the cutter plate when demolding is avoided.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the sample preparation device for the frozen soil material fracture test is simple in structure and easy to realize; the preparation of cubic prefabricated crack frozen soil samples can be realized, the samples can be fully and uniformly pressed in the sample preparation process, and the integrity of the samples and uniform cracks can be ensured; meanwhile, frozen soil samples with different sizes of cracks can be prefabricated according to test requirements.
2. The method is simple, the sample can be pressed and the crack can be prefabricated at one time, the step-by-step operation is not needed, the sample preparation efficiency is improved, and the demolding and sampling are convenient.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of a portion B in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a portion a-a in fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of a portion C in fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a partially enlarged view of a portion D in fig. 3.
Fig. 6 is a left side view of fig. 1.
Uniaxial compression testing machine 1, hydraulic cylinder 11, operation platform 12, pressure head structure 2, connecting seat 201, chute 2011, connecting piece 202, first through-hole 2021, second through-hole 2022, pressing plate 203, slide rail 204, limiting plate 205, first guide rod 206, first spring 207, fixed plate 208, baffle 209, slot 210, second guide rod 211, second spring 212, sample box 3, bottom plate 31, recess 311, sliding groove 312, lateral plate 32, cutting board 4, backing plate 5, jack 51, slider 6.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the present invention will be described in further detail by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1: as shown in fig. 1 to 6, a sample preparation apparatus for frozen earth material fracture test includes a uniaxial pressure tester 1, a indenter structure 2 and a sample box 3; the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 11 of the single-shaft pressure testing machine 1 is fixedly connected with the top of the connecting seat 201 of the pressure head structure 2; a sample box 3 is placed on an operation platform 12 of the single-shaft pressure tester 1 below the pressure head structure 2; the pressing plate 203 of the pressure head structure 2 is movably inserted in the sample box 3; a knife board 4 is movably arranged in the sample box 3, backing plates 5 are laid in the sample box 3 at two sides of the knife board 4, and at least one jack 51 is arranged on the backing plates 5 at two sides of the knife board 4; the bottom of the knife board 4 is provided with a slide block 6, the bottom plate 31 of the sample box 3 is provided with a slide groove 312 matched with the slide block 6, and the slide block 6 is inserted in the slide groove 312 in a sliding manner; the knife plate 4 is in a wedge shape with gradually reduced width from bottom to top.
The sample case 3 includes a bottom plate 31 and four side plates 32; 4 side plates 32 are vertically arranged on the bottom plate 31, and the adjacent side plates 32 are fixedly connected through bolts; a groove 311 corresponding to the side plate 32 is formed in the bottom plate 31, and the side plate 32 is inserted into the groove 311.
The pressure head structure 2 comprises a connecting seat 201, an L-shaped connecting piece 202 and a pressure plate 203; two connecting pieces 202 which are arranged in a back-to-back manner are horizontally arranged at the bottom of the connecting seat 201 in a sliding manner; the bottoms of the two connecting pieces 202 are respectively provided with a pressing plate 203 in a horizontal sliding manner; the cutting board 4 is movably arranged between the two connecting pieces 202 through a gap between the two pressing boards 203, so that the soil sample can be pressed for multiple times.
At least one sliding rail 204 perpendicular to the knife board 4 is fixedly arranged at the top of the connecting part 202, a sliding groove 2011 matched with the sliding rail 204 is arranged at the bottom of the connecting seat 201, and the sliding rail 204 is slidably inserted into the sliding groove 2011.
A limiting plate 205 is fixed on each side of the connecting base 201; a first guide rod 206 is fixed on one surface of the limit plate 205 opposite to the connecting piece 202; a first through hole 2021 is formed in the surface of the connecting part 202 opposite to the first guide rod 206, and the first guide rod 206 is movably inserted into the first through hole 2021; the first guide rod 206 is movably sleeved with a first spring 207, and two ends of the first spring 207 are respectively abutted against the limit plate 205 and the connecting piece 202.
A fixing plate 208 is vertically fixed on the top of the pressing plate 203, a baffle 209 which is parallel to the pressing plate 203 is fixed on the top of the fixing plate 208, and a slot 210 is formed among the pressing plate 203, the fixing plate 208 and the baffle 209; the bottom of the connecting piece 202 is movably inserted in the slot 210; a second guide rod 211 is fixed on the surface of the fixing plate 208 opposite to the connecting part 202, a second through hole 2022 is formed on the surface of the connecting part 202 opposite to the second guide rod 211, and the second guide rod 211 is movably inserted in the second through hole 2022; a second spring 212 is movably sleeved on the second guide rod 211, and two ends of the second spring 212 are respectively abutted against the fixing plate 208 and the connecting member 202.
Example 2: with respect to the method of using the preparation device of example 1, it comprises the following steps:
(1) a selection component: selecting a corresponding cutting board 4 according to the requirement of the sample slotting size;
(2) installing sample preparation equipment: movably inserting the knife board 4 selected in the step (1) into a sliding groove 312 on a bottom board 31 through a sliding block 6 at the bottom of the knife board, then inserting four side boards 32 into a groove 311 on the bottom board 31, fixing the four side boards 32 through bolts to form a sample box 3, then laying backing plates 5 in the sample boxes 3 at two sides of the knife board 4, and finally placing the sample box 3 on an operation platform 12 of a single-shaft pressure tester 1 below a pressure head structure 2;
(3) smearing lubricating oil: respectively and uniformly coating a layer of lubricating oil on the inner surface of the sample box 3, the surface of the cutting board 4 and the upper surface of the backing plate 5 in the step (2) to obtain a sample loading device, wherein the lubricating oil is coated to facilitate the separation of the sample from the inner surface of the sample box 3, the surface of the cutting board 4 and the upper surface of the backing plate 5;
(4) loading and pressing: evenly dividing the soil sample into 3-4 times and loading the soil sample into the sample loading device in the step (3), controlling the pressure head structure 2 to move downwards by the single-shaft pressure testing machine 1 every time the soil sample is loaded, and pressing the pressure plate 203 of the pressure head structure 2 on the soil sample to obtain the soil sample meeting the test requirements;
(5) freezing and sample preparation: transferring the sample loading device with the pressed soil sample in the step (4) into a freezing chamber with the temperature lower than-30 ℃ for freezing for at least 12 hours;
(6) sampling: taking out the freezing chamber from the frozen sample loading device in the step (5), unscrewing bolts for fixing the side plates 32, taking down the side plates 32, inserting one end of a pry bar into the insertion hole 51 at the bottom of the base plate 5, prying by force to separate the frozen soil sample in the step (5) from the cutter plate 4, then taking out the cutter plate 4 in a sliding manner, and finally separating the base plate 5 from the bottom of the soil sample to obtain a frozen soil sample containing a prefabricated crack.
The method is simple, the sample can be pressed and the crack can be prefabricated at one time, the step-by-step operation is not needed, the sample preparation efficiency is improved, and the demolding and sampling are convenient.
The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the sample box of the present invention can also be used for preparing crack samples of granular civil engineering materials such as concrete, and several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. A sample preparation device for a frozen soil material fracture test is characterized by comprising a uniaxial pressure testing machine, a pressure head structure and a sample box;
the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder of the single-shaft pressure testing machine is fixedly connected with the top of the connecting seat of the pressure head structure; the sample box is placed on an operation platform of the single-shaft pressure testing machine below the pressure head structure; the pressure plate of the pressure head structure is movably inserted in the sample box, and a knife plate is movably arranged in the sample box.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a backing plate is laid in the sample box on both sides of the cutting plate, and at least one insertion hole is formed in the backing plate on both sides of the cutting plate.
3. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a slide block is disposed at the bottom of the cutting plate, a slide groove matching with the slide block is disposed on the bottom plate of the sample box, and the slide block is slidably inserted into the slide groove.
4. The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the cutting plate is in a wedge shape with a gradually decreasing width from bottom to top.
5. The apparatus for preparing a sample for a frozen earth material fracture test according to claim 4, wherein the sample box comprises a bottom plate and four side plates; the bottom plate is vertically provided with 4 side plates, and the adjacent side plates are fixedly connected through bolts.
6. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein a groove corresponding to the side plate is formed in the bottom plate, and the side plate is inserted into the groove.
7. The sample preparation device for the frozen earth material fracture test as claimed in claim 6, wherein the pressure head structure comprises the connecting seat, the L-shaped connecting piece and the pressure plate;
the bottom of the connecting seat is horizontally provided with two connecting pieces which are arranged in a back-to-back manner in a sliding manner; the bottoms of the two connecting pieces are respectively provided with the pressing plates in a horizontal sliding manner; the knife board movably penetrates through a gap between the two pressing boards and is arranged between the two connecting pieces.
8. The sample preparation device for the frozen soil material fracture test according to claim 7, wherein at least one sliding rail perpendicular to the cutting board is fixedly arranged at the top of the connecting piece, a sliding groove matched with the sliding rail is arranged at the bottom of the connecting seat, and the sliding rail is slidably inserted into the sliding groove.
9. The sample preparation device for the frozen soil material fracture test according to claim 8, wherein a limiting plate is fixed on each of two sides of the connecting seat; a first guide rod is fixed on one surface of the limiting plate opposite to the connecting piece; a first through hole is formed in the surface of the connecting piece opposite to the first guide rod, and the first guide rod is movably inserted into the first through hole; the first guide rod is movably sleeved with a first spring, and two ends of the first spring are respectively abutted to the limiting plate and the connecting piece.
10. The sample preparation device for the frozen soil material fracture test according to claim 7, wherein a fixing plate is vertically fixed on the top of the pressure plate, a baffle plate parallel to the pressure plate is fixed on the top of the fixing plate, and slots are formed among the pressure plate, the fixing plate and the baffle plate; the bottom of the connecting piece is movably inserted in the slot.
11. The apparatus according to claim 10, wherein a second guide rod is fixed to a surface of the fixing plate opposite to the connecting member, a second through hole is formed in a surface of the connecting member opposite to the second guide rod, and the second guide rod is movably inserted into the second through hole; and a second spring is movably sleeved on the second guide rod, and two ends of the second spring are respectively abutted against the fixed plate and the connecting piece.
12. A method of using the manufacturing apparatus of any one of claims 1-11, comprising the steps of:
(1) a selection component: selecting a corresponding cutting board according to the requirement of the sample slotting size;
(2) installing sample preparation equipment: movably inserting the knife board selected in the step (1) into a sliding groove in a bottom plate through a sliding block at the bottom of the knife board, then inserting four side plates into grooves in the bottom plate, fixing the four side plates through bolts to form a sample box, then laying base plates in the sample box on two sides of the knife board, and finally placing the sample box on an operation platform of a single-shaft pressure tester below a pressure head structure;
(3) smearing lubricating oil: respectively and uniformly coating a layer of lubricating oil on the inner surface of the sample box, the surface of the cutting board and the upper surface of the base plate in the step (2) to obtain a sample loading device;
(4) loading and pressing: evenly dividing the soil sample into 3-4 times and loading the soil sample into the sample loading device in the step (3), wherein the single-shaft pressure tester controls the pressure head structure to move downwards after each time of loading, so that a pressure plate of the pressure head structure is pressed on the soil sample to obtain the soil sample meeting the test requirement;
(5) freezing and sample preparation: transferring the sample loading device with the pressed soil sample in the step (4) into a freezing chamber with the temperature lower than-30 ℃ for freezing for at least 12 hours;
(6) sampling: taking out the freezing chamber from the sample loading device which is frozen in the step (5), then unscrewing bolts for fixing the side plates, taking down the side plates, then inserting one end of a prying rod into the insertion hole in the bottom of the base plate, prying by force to separate the frozen soil sample in the step (5) from the cutting board, then taking out the cutting board in a sliding manner, and finally separating the base plate from the bottom of the soil sample to obtain a frozen soil sample containing a prefabricated crack.
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| CN202111429406.8A CN114152490B (en) | 2021-11-29 | 2021-11-29 | Sample preparation device for frozen soil material fracture test and use method thereof |
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| CN202111429406.8A CN114152490B (en) | 2021-11-29 | 2021-11-29 | Sample preparation device for frozen soil material fracture test and use method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117367920A (en) * | 2023-12-08 | 2024-01-09 | 山东尚远路桥工程机械有限公司 | Frozen soil consolidation experiment testing device and testing method |
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| CN117367920B (en) * | 2023-12-08 | 2024-02-09 | 山东尚远路桥工程机械有限公司 | Frozen soil consolidation experiment testing device and testing method |
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| CN114152490B (en) | 2024-02-02 |
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