CN114152344A - Thermal infrared temperature measurement system suitable for object real temperature measurement - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a thermal infrared temperature measurement system suitable for measuring the real temperature of an object, and belongs to the field of control science. The method comprises the following steps: the system comprises a smart phone type thermal imager, a first optical filter, a second optical filter and control processing equipment. According to the invention, two narrow-band optical filters are added in front of the lens of the mobile phone type thermal imaging system, the working wave band of the thermal imager is changed for 2 times, the optical filters are fixed in front of the infrared lens of the mobile phone type thermal imager, and the purpose of cutting a light path by a person is achieved by rotation, so that the effect of variable-spectrum temperature measurement is achieved. The invention has the advantages of high temperature measurement speed, large temperature measurement area, high resolution and non-contact type. Compared with large-scale infrared measuring equipment, the mobile phone type thermal imager is low in cost, portable and more flexible in application scene. The invention adopts the variable spectrum method to measure the temperature, so that the true temperature measurement can be effectively overcome under the condition that the emissivity of the object is unknown, and the measurement result not only can obtain the true temperature of the object but also can obtain the material emissivity of the measured object.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of control science, and particularly relates to a thermal infrared temperature measurement system suitable for measuring the true temperature of an object.
Background
Infrared thermal imaging temperature measurement has been widely used in the fields of fault detection of electrical equipment such as generators, transformers, power lines and circuit breakers, state detection of mechanical equipment, quality screening and fault diagnosis of semiconductor elements and integrated circuits, fault diagnosis of petrochemical equipment, detection of fire, nondestructive detection of internal defects of materials, heat transfer research and the like, due to the advantages of high temperature measurement speed, large area, high resolution, non-contact and the like. Especially, in 2020, the COVID-19 virus enables the infrared thermal imaging technology to enter the visual field of people again, and the excellent group temperature measurement capability of the COVID-19 virus also plays an important role in ensuring epidemic prevention and control measures.
Despite the advantages, the conventional red thermal imaging temperature measurement system has the disadvantages of high price and the like, which limits the development of the conventional red thermal imaging temperature measurement system to a certain extent. But the temperature measurement precision of the uncooled detector is seriously influenced due to the composition of the uncooled detector and the lack of a corresponding temperature measurement component. Meanwhile, the infrared mobile phone type thermal imager obtains apparent temperature rather than real temperature by measuring the working principle of the infrared mobile phone type thermal imager, and in order to measure the real temperature of a target, the emissivity of the target is generally required to be obtained in advance. Temperature measurement can be completed. However, in actual temperature measurement, firstly, emissivity is influenced by a plurality of factors of an audience, certain errors exist between the observed emissivity and the real emissivity of a target, and the errors are larger in some cases, and the existence of the emissivity errors can increase the measurement errors of the surface temperature of the measured object. On the other hand, sometimes the emissivity of some objects cannot be measured (e.g. high temperature objects or charged objects). There is a need for a method of measuring the true temperature of a target without knowledge of emissivity.
At present, when an infrared thermal imaging technology is applied to measure an object with unknown emissivity, the temperature of the object is required to be obtained, and a commonly adopted method is a dual-band thermal imager or a multi-band long-wave radiometer. The dual-band thermal imager has the following defects: 1. the price is high; 2. the size is large, and the application scene is not flexible enough and portable enough due to the large size; 3. the dual band thermal imager can only be used for gray body measurement. The multi-band long radiometer has the following disadvantages: 1. the device can be only used for measuring high-temperature objects; 2. increasing the wave number over a certain wavelength range leads to an increased uncertainty in the fitting temperature and thus to an increased temperature measurement error.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a thermal infrared temperature measurement system suitable for measuring the real temperature of an object.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
be applicable to real temperature measurement thermal infrared temperature measurement system of object, include:
a smart phone type thermal imager for acquiring the radiation temperature T of the object to be measuredr；
The first optical filter is arranged on the front side of the infrared camera of the mobile phone type thermal imager, and the infrared camera obtains a first radiation temperature of an object to be measured after filtering processing is carried out on the infrared camera through the first optical filter;
the second optical filter is rotationally connected with the first optical filter, and the infrared camera obtains a second radiation temperature of the object to be detected after filtering processing is carried out on the infrared camera through the first optical filter;
a control processing device electrically connected with the mobile phone type thermal imager and passing through the ambient temperature T according to the following formulauThe first radiation temperature and the first radiation temperature obtain two temperature measurement equations of the real temperature of the object to be measured, and the two temperature measurement equations are solved to obtain the real temperature of the object to be measured; the equation for the temperature measurement is expressed as follows,
wherein epsilonnFor the object at wavelength λ1And λ2Normal emissivity in the spectral region, λ1And λ2The difference of the wavelength ranges of the limited narrow bands of the spectral interval is 0.1 μm.
Preferably, the first and second liquid crystal materials are,
the first filter is a narrow-band filter with a transmission waveband of 10.1285-10.2995 mu m;
the second filter is a narrow-band filter with the transmission waveband of 10.705-10.895 mu m.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps,
the first base is arranged below the mobile phone type thermal imager and used for supporting the mobile phone type thermal imager;
the second base is movably connected with the first base;
the accessory buckle is arranged on the first base and fixed with the mobile phone type thermal imager;
the lower end of the fixed rod is fixed with the second base;
and the two optical filter clamping grooves are rotatably connected with the fixed rod and are respectively used for placing the first optical filter and the second optical filter.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps,
and the motor is arranged at the upper end of the fixed rod, the input end of the motor is electrically connected with the control processing equipment, and the output shaft of the motor is in transmission connection with the two optical filter clamping grooves.
Preferably, the processing device is a smart phone.
Preferably, the mobile phone type thermal imager is connected with the smart phone through a USB-C interface on the mobile phone type thermal imager.
Preferably, the step of obtaining the temperature measurement equation is as follows:
the real temperature T of the object is expressed by the formula (2)0Ambient temperature TuAnd the radiation temperature T acquired by the mobile phone type thermal imagerrThe relationship between the two or more of them,
will epsilonn(T0)+ρn(T0)＝1、
Substituting the formula (2) to obtain the formula (3),
calculating to obtain I (T)r)≈CTr n、I(Tu)≈CTu nCombining equations (3) and I (T)r)、I(Tu) Obtaining the real temperature T of the object in different wavelength ranges0The formula (c) of (a) is calculated,
wherein, I (T)r) Representing the radiation temperature acquired by the thermal imager of the mobile phone type,
denotes the wavelength at λ1And λ2Average transmission of the atmosphere within the spectral interval, pnAt a temperature of T0At a wavelength of λ1And λ2The normal reflectivity in the spectral interval, C, is a constant, and n varies with the specific value of the detector wavelength.
Preferably, I (T) is calculated by Planck's radiation law, such as equation (4)r)、I(Tu)，
The formula (4) is simplified to obtain the formula (5),
i (T) is represented by formula (5)r) And I (T)u)；
Wherein R isλIndicating the spectral responsivity, L, of the detectorbλ(T) represents radiance, c1Denotes a first radiation constant, c1＝3.7418×10-4W·cm2，c2Denotes a first radiation constant, c2C is a constant at 1.4388cm · K, and n varies with the detector wavelength.
The smart phone type thermal infrared temperature measurement system and method suitable for measuring the real temperature of an object, provided by the invention, have the following beneficial effects: 1. the temperature measurement is fast, the temperature measurement area is large, the resolution ratio is high, and the advantages of non-contact are achieved. 2. Compared with large-scale infrared measuring equipment, the mobile phone type thermal imager is low in cost, portable and more flexible in application scene. 3. The temperature measurement by the variable spectrum method can effectively overcome the problem that the true temperature of the object is measured under the condition that the emissivity of the object is unknown, and the measurement result not only can obtain the true temperature of the object but also can obtain the material emissivity of the measured object. 4. The device is simple and small, and the integrated level is high.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention and the design thereof, the drawings required for the embodiments will be briefly described below. The drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention and it will be clear to a person skilled in the art that other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal infrared temperature measurement system suitable for measuring the actual temperature of an object according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a thermal infrared temperature measurement system method suitable for measuring the actual temperature of an object according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a mobile phone type thermal imager; 101. an infrared camera; 102. a USB-C interface; 2. a first base; 201. an accessory buckle; 3. a second base; 301. fixing the rod; 302. an optical filter clamping groove; 303. a first optical filter; 304. A second filter.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the technical solutions of the present invention and can practice the same, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing technical solutions of the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "a plurality" means two or more, and will not be described in detail herein.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the thermal infrared temperature measurement system suitable for measuring the actual temperature of an object includes: a smartphone-type thermal imager 1, a first optical filter 303, a second optical filter 304, and a control processing device. Smartphone type thermal imager 1In obtaining radiation temperature T of object to be measuredr(ii) a The first optical filter 303 is arranged on the front side of the infrared camera 101 of the mobile phone type thermal imager 1 and used for filtering the infrared camera 101; the second optical filter 304 is rotatably connected with the first optical filter 303 and is used for performing optical filtering processing on the infrared camera 101; a control processing device electrically connected with the mobile phone type thermal imager 1 and used for passing through the ambient temperature TuCalculating with the radiation temperature Tr to obtain the true temperature T of the object to be measured0。
In this embodiment, the first filter 303 is a narrow band filter with a transmission band of 10.1285-10.2995 μm; the second filter 304 is a narrow band filter with a transmission band of 10.705-10.895 μm.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps: the optical filter fixing device comprises a first base 2, a second base 3, an accessory buckle 201, a fixing rod 301, two optical filter clamping grooves 302 and a motor. The first base 2 is arranged below the mobile phone type thermal imager 1 and used for supporting the mobile phone type thermal imager 1; the second base 3 is movably connected with the first base; the accessory buckle 201 is arranged on the first base 2 and fixed with the thermal imager 1; a fixing rod 301, the lower end of which is fixed to the second base 3; and the two filter clamping grooves 302 are rotatably connected with the fixed rod 301 and are respectively used for placing a first filter 303 and a second filter 304. And the motor is arranged at the upper end of the fixed rod, the input end of the motor is electrically connected with the control processing equipment, and the output shaft of the motor is in transmission connection with the two optical filter clamping grooves 302.
In this embodiment, the processing device is a smartphone. The mobile phone type thermal imager 1 is connected with a smart phone through a USB-C interface 102 on the mobile phone type thermal imager.
Referring to fig. 2, the smart phone type thermal infrared temperature measurement method suitable for measuring the real temperature of an object includes the following steps:
thermal infrared imagers rely on receiving infrared heat radiation emitted from the surface of an object to determine its temperature. However, in the actual measurement process, the effective radiation received by the thermal imager contains three main components: radiation of the target itself, ambient reflected radiation, and atmospheric radiation. The real temperature T of the object is expressed by the formula (2)0Ambient temperature TuAnd the radiation temperature T acquired by the mobile phone type thermal imagerrThe relationship between the two or more of them,
will epsilonn(T0)+ρn(T0)＝1、
Substituting equation (2) results in equation (3), where for Lamberts, ε is obtained according to kirchhoff's lawn(T0)+ρn(T0) When measuring temperature within a short distance, 1
In this embodiment, a short distance means within 10 cm,
calculating to obtain I (T)r)≈CTr n、I(Tu)≈CTu nCombining equations (3) and I (T)r)、I(Tu) Obtaining the real temperature T of the object in different wavelength ranges0The formula (c) of (a) is calculated,
wherein, I (T)r) Representing the radiation temperature acquired by the thermal imager of the mobile phone type,
denotes the wavelength at λ1And λ2Average transmission of the atmosphere, epsilon, in the spectral regionnAt a temperature of T0At a wavelength of λ1And λ2Normal direction in spectral regionEmissivity, epsilonnValue of (p)nVaries according to the band variation, and is approximately constant in a narrow band, pnAt a temperature of T0At a wavelength of λ1And λ2The normal reflectivity in the spectral interval, C, is a constant, and n varies with the specific value of the detector wavelength.
In this embodiment, I (T) is calculated by Planck's radiation law as in equation (4)r)、I(Tu)，
In general, RλThe variation with the wavelength is small and can be approximately disregarded, and formula (5) is obtained based on this simplified formula (4),
i (T) is represented by formula (5)r) And I (T)u)。
Wherein R isλIndicating the spectral responsivity, L, of the detectorbλ(T) represents radiance, c1Denotes a first radiation constant, c1＝3.7418×10-4W·cm2，c2Denotes a first radiation constant, c2C is a constant at 1.4388cm · K, and n varies with the detector wavelength.
Substituting the formula (5) into the formula (3) to obtain the formula (1), wherein the formula (1) only contains two unknowns, and if the spectral emissivity of the measured object does not change or changes very little with the wavelength, that is, the measured object can be regarded as a gray object, two temperature measurement equations can be constructed by adopting a method of measuring under two wave bands. At the moment, the two equations with two unknown quantities can obtain the real temperature of the measured object through iterative solution. However, in some practical situations, a real object cannot be simply measured as a gray body because its spectral emissivity changes with wavelength. In this case, if the emissivity is regarded as a fixed value and is calculated inevitably, a certain error is introduced. In order to solve the problem, a first filter 303 and a second filter 304 of two narrow-band filters within a response interval of 7-14 microns of the thermal imager are selected, and two real temperature measurement formulas are obtained by changing the wavelength range of the mobile phone type thermal imager twice. The wavelength difference between regions in a limited narrow waveband is about 0.1 mu m, and the emissivity of the object is approximately considered to be not changed along with the wavelength change, namely the true temperature measurement of the actual object can be realized through a variable spectrum method.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any simple changes or equivalent substitutions of the technical solutions that can be obviously obtained by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. Be applicable to real temperature measurement thermal infrared temperature measurement system of object, its characterized in that includes:
a smart phone type thermal imager (1) for acquiring the radiation temperature T of the object to be measuredr；
The first optical filter (303) is arranged on the front side of the infrared camera (101) of the mobile phone type thermal imager (1), and the infrared camera (101) obtains a first radiation temperature of an object to be measured after being subjected to filtering processing through the first optical filter (303);
the second optical filter (304) is rotatably connected with the first optical filter (303), and the infrared camera (101) obtains a second radiation temperature of the object to be detected after filtering processing is carried out on the infrared camera through the first optical filter (303);
a control processing device electrically connected with the mobile phone type thermal imager (1) and passing through the environment temperature T according to the following formulauThe first radiation temperature and the first radiation temperature obtain two temperature measurement equations of the real temperature of the object to be measured, and the two temperature measurement equations are solved to obtain the real temperature of the object to be measured; the equation for the temperature measurement is expressed as follows,
wherein epsilonnFor the object at wavelength λ1And λ2Normal emissivity in the spectral region, λ1And λ2The difference of the wavelength ranges of the limited narrow bands of the spectral interval is 0.1 μm.
2. The smart phone type thermal infrared temperature measurement system suitable for the real temperature measurement of the object according to claim 1,
the first filter (303) is a narrow-band filter with a transmission band of 10.1285-10.2995 mu m;
the second filter (304) is a narrow-band filter with a transmission band of 10.705-10.895 mu m.
3. The infrared temperature measurement system suitable for measuring the actual temperature of an object according to claim 1, further comprising,
the first base (2) is arranged below the mobile phone type thermal imager (1) and used for supporting the mobile phone type thermal imager (1);
the second base (3) is movably connected with the first base;
the accessory buckle (201) is arranged on the first base (2) and fixed with the thermal imager (1) of the mobile phone type;
a fixing rod (301) whose lower end is fixed to the second base (3);
and the two optical filter clamping grooves (302) are rotatably connected with the fixed rod (301) and are respectively used for placing the first optical filter (303) and the second optical filter (304).
4. The smart phone type thermal infrared temperature measurement system suitable for the real temperature measurement of the object according to claim 3, further comprising,
and the motor is arranged at the upper end of the fixed rod, the input end of the motor is electrically connected with the control processing equipment, and the output shaft of the motor is in transmission connection with the two optical filter clamping grooves (302).
5. The smartphone-type thermal infrared temperature measurement system suitable for the real temperature measurement of an object according to claim 1, wherein the processing device is a smartphone.
6. The smart phone type thermal infrared temperature measurement system suitable for measuring the real temperature of an object according to claim 5, wherein the mobile phone type thermal imager (1) is connected with a smart phone through a USB-C interface (102) on the mobile phone type thermal imager.
7. The infrared thermometry system of claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining the thermometry equation is as follows:
the real temperature T of the object is expressed by the formula (2)0Ambient temperature TuAnd the radiation temperature T acquired by the mobile phone type thermal imagerrThe relationship between the two or more of them,
will epsilonn(T0)+ρn(T0)＝1、
Substituting the formula (2) to obtain the formula (3),
calculating to obtain I (T)r)≈CTr n、I(Tu)≈CTu nCombining equations (3) and I (T)r)、I(Tu) Obtaining the real temperature T of the object in different wavelength ranges0The formula (c) of (a) is calculated,
wherein, I (T)r) Representing the radiation temperature acquired by the thermal imager of the mobile phone type,
denotes the wavelength at λ1And λ2Average transmission of the atmosphere within the spectral interval, pnAt a temperature of T0At a wavelength of λ1And λ2The normal reflectivity in the spectral interval, C, is a constant, and n varies with the specific value of the detector wavelength.
8. The system of claim 7, wherein I (T) is calculated according to Planck's radiation law, such as equation (4)r)、I(Tu)，
The formula (4) is simplified to obtain the formula (5),
i (T) is represented by formula (5)r) And I (T)u)；
Wherein R isλIndicating the spectral responsivity, L, of the detectorbλ(T) represents radiance, c1Denotes a first radiation constant, c1＝3.7418×10-4W·cm2，c2Denotes a first radiation constant, c2C is a constant at 1.4388cm · K, and n varies with the detector wavelength.
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