CN114151787A - Anti-blocking slag discharging structure of circulating fluidized bed boiler - Google Patents
Anti-blocking slag discharging structure of circulating fluidized bed boiler Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114151787A CN114151787A CN202111549366.0A CN202111549366A CN114151787A CN 114151787 A CN114151787 A CN 114151787A CN 202111549366 A CN202111549366 A CN 202111549366A CN 114151787 A CN114151787 A CN 114151787A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- pipe
- slag
- fluidized bed
- slag discharging
- circulating fluidized
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
- F23C10/20—Inlets for fluidisation air, e.g. grids; Bottoms
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J1/00—Removing ash, clinker, or slag from combustion chambers
- F23J1/02—Apparatus for removing ash, clinker, or slag from ash-pits, e.g. by employing trucks or conveyors, by employing suction devices
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of circulating fluidized bed boilers, in particular to an anti-blocking slag discharging structure of a circulating fluidized bed boiler, which can ensure that the slag discharging of the boiler is smoother, prevent the boiler from operating and coking and reduce the operation loss of bed materials.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of circulating fluidized bed boilers, in particular to an anti-blocking deslagging structure of a circulating fluidized bed boiler.
Background
Under the large background of realizing 'carbon peak reaching' and 'carbon neutralization', the traditional coal-fired boiler has serious environmental pollution due to the amplification of carbon emission, and can be gradually eliminated and replaced, and renewable energy and clean energy become mainstream of the current development. Each big producer pays more attention to the novel boiler of solid waste or living beings, realizes recycling solid waste and living beings through different technical route, and this type of novel boiler still is in the development stage at present, has partial problem to wait to solve urgently.
Solid wastes are more complicated compared with biomass fuels and traditional coal, taking biomass as an example, a power plant in south does not have the condition of burning a large amount of straws in north, so a part of building templates are often mixed and burned, and because a large amount of iron nails and iron wires exist in the building templates, although the iron nails are treated by an iron remover when fuel is fed, the iron nails are still remained on the templates, the iron wires and the fuels are entangled and cannot be completely removed by the iron remover, and the iron wire iron nails are accumulated on a bed to block a slag falling pipe due to long-time accumulation, so that the slag discharge of a boiler is unsmooth, further coking is generated, and the normal and safe operation of the boiler is seriously influenced.
Part of manufacturers adopt a scheme of enlarging a slag dropping pipe, so that large-mass and large-volume slag which is difficult to fluidize is discharged. However, the simple enlargement of the slag falling pipe easily causes a fluidization dead zone around the slag falling pipe, which is not completely beneficial to the fluidization and smooth discharge of the slag, and the excessive size of the slag falling pipe causes the increase of the loss of fine ash and combustible during the operation, which is not beneficial to the long-term economic and stable operation of the boiler.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an anti-blocking slag discharging structure of a circulating fluidized bed boiler, which can enable the slag discharging of the boiler to be smoother, prevent the boiler from operating and coking and reduce the operating loss of bed materials, and aims to solve the problems that the existing circulating fluidized bed boiler is unsmooth in slag discharging, easy to coke and capable of influencing the normal operation of the boiler and large in bed material operation loss caused by simple enlargement of a slag discharging pipe.
The technical scheme is as follows: the utility model provides a stifled sediment structure of arranging is prevented to circulating fluidized bed boiler, its includes the grid plate, install the takeover of taking the hood on the grid plate, grid plate central point puts and is provided with the slag notch, the slag notch is connected and is fallen the sediment pipe, its characterized in that, it is square slag pipe that falls to fall the sediment pipe, the not hard up wind branch pipe of connecting two symmetrical arrangement on the lateral wall of slag pipe that falls, the air outlet slope of pine wind branch pipe upwards arranges.
The slag-dropping pipe is further characterized in that the connecting section of the loosening air branch pipe and the slag-dropping pipe is arranged obliquely upwards, and the inclination angle is 20-60 degrees;
the two loosening air branch pipes are connected with one end of the same loosening air main pipe, the other end of the loosening air main pipe is connected with a high-pressure fan or a compressed air source, and an adjusting valve and a pressure sensor are mounted on the loosening air main pipe;
the front side and the rear side of the air distribution plate are arranged in a step shape by taking the central position as a symmetrical center, and the front end and the rear end are higher than the central position;
the outer peripheral face of the connecting pipe is provided with a boss, the blast cap is supported on the boss, a circle of clamping ring is arranged on the edge of the boss, a 1mm gap is reserved between the outer surface of the blast cap and the inner side face of the clamping ring in a cold state, and the blast cap is propped against the clamping ring to realize locking when being heated and expanded.
After the invention is adopted, the slag falling pipe adopts a square structure, the ratio of the cross section area of the slag falling pipe to the depth of the bed surface is larger than that of the traditional circular slag falling pipe, thus being beneficial to slag discharge, and when the cross section area of the slag falling pipe is enlarged, the square structure has smaller influence on the arrangement of the blast cap and the connecting pipe than the circular structure, thus being beneficial to fluidization; two loosening air branch pipes which are symmetrically arranged blow loosening air obliquely upwards into the hearth, so that the opposite impact lifting is realized, the slag is blown better, a fluidization dead zone is avoided, fine ash and combustible substances in the hearth can be blown back into the hearth, and the loss of bed materials and the over-high carbon content of discharged slag are avoided; by the technical means, the boiler is more smoothly discharged, the running coking of the boiler is prevented, and the running loss of bed materials is reduced; further, the loosening wind can be adjusted by an adjusting valve and a pressure sensor, so that the loosening wind can be adjustedImplementation ofThe slag discharging to different bed materials is adjustable, fluidization is more facilitated, the arrangement of the clamping ring on the connecting pipe is realized, the hood expands when the hot-state operation is carried out, hot-state self locking is realized, intrusions such as iron nails and iron wires are prevented from entering the contact surface of the connecting pipe clamping ring and the hood, normal fluidization is favorably maintained, slag discharging is promoted, the two sides of the air distribution plate are arranged in a ladder shape towards the center, slag blocks are also more favorably enabled to be close to the slag falling pipe, and slag discharging is more favorably carried out.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an arrangement structure of the air distribution plate;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a slag chute;
FIG. 4 is a top view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a state in which the loosening air is supplied in FIG. 3;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of the blast cap and the nozzle (cold state).
Detailed Description
See fig. 1 to 6 and show, a stifled sediment structure of arranging is prevented to circulating fluidized bed boiler, it includes furnace 1, 3 positions of furnace front wall 2 and furnace back wall have been marked in fig. 1, 1 bottom of furnace is provided with grid plate 4, install the takeover 6 of taking hood 5 on the grid plate 4, grid plate 4 central point puts and is provided with the slag notch, slag notch connection slag pipe 7, slag pipe 7 is square adiabatic slag pipe that falls, for the convenience of description, regard slag pipe 7 and the parallel limit of furnace front side and rear side as the width of slag pipe, regard slag pipe 7 and the parallel limit in furnace left side and right side as the length of slag pipe, it is long: the width is usually 400:200 or 400:300, etc., and the proportion can be adjusted according to the actual situation of the fuel, but the length must be larger than the width. When the cross sectional areas of the slag falling pipes 7 are the same, the square slag falling pipe has a larger occupation ratio to the depth of the bed surface than the circular slag falling pipe, so that slag discharging is facilitated, and if the cross sectional area is 3.14, the square slag falling pipe can be 3.14 x 1, the radius of the circular slag falling pipe is 1, the diameter of the circular slag falling pipe is 2, and the square slag falling pipe is longer in length, so that slag can enter the slag falling pipe more conveniently; when enlargiing the cross-section of slag pipe 7 that falls, square slag pipe that falls compares the arrangement influence of circular slag pipe to the bed surface hood less, makes the hood arrange simple more rationally, is favorable to the fluidization because 360 directions expand simultaneously when circular slag pipe grow that falls for the hood of round all will arrange again, and during square slag pipe grow that falls, can only change length or width, only need adjust the hood of small part.
Connect two symmetrical arrangement's not hard up wind branch pipe 8 on the lateral wall of slag pipe 7, the air outlet slope of not hard up wind branch pipe 8 upwards arranges, generally adopts following structure to realize: the connecting section of the loosening air branch pipe 8 and the slag falling pipe 7 is arranged obliquely upwards, the inclination angle can be 20-60 degrees, and the common inclination angle is 45 degrees.
The two loosening air branch pipes 8 are connected with one end of the same loosening air main pipe 9, the other end of the loosening air main pipe 9 is connected with a high-pressure fan or a compressed air source, and an adjusting valve 10 and a pressure sensor 11 are installed on the loosening air main pipe 9; when the furnace is in operation, the adjusting valve is opened, loose air is introduced into the slag falling pipe 7 through the two loose air branch pipes 8, and is lifted after being collided in the slag falling pipe 7 to blow the slag at the bottom, so that the furnace slag is fluidized, a fluidization dead zone is avoided, fine ash and combustible substances on the air distribution plate 4 can be blown back to the furnace chamber 1, and the bed material loss and the slag carbon content are avoided being too high. Corresponding to fuels in different states, the slag discharge and fluidization states can be judged by observing the change of the pressure value of the pressure sensor 11, the opening degree of the regulating valve 10 is correspondingly regulated to control the introduced loose air quantity, and the slag discharge corresponding to different bed materials can be adjusted. The introduced loosening air can simultaneously play a cooling role for the slag falling pipe 7, thereby being beneficial to preventing the slag falling pipe 7 from deforming and increasing the operation reliability.
The wind distribution plate 4 is arranged in a ladder shape with the central position as the symmetrical center, and the front side and the rear side are higher than the central position, so that the slag block is favorably close to the slag falling pipe by the self gravity, and the slag discharge is favorably realized. The inclination angle of the ladder shape is set to be between 5 and 20 degrees according to different fuel characteristics.
The outer peripheral surface of the connecting pipe 6 is provided with a boss 12, the blast cap 5 is supported on the boss 12, and the edge of the boss 12 is provided with a circle of snap ring 13. In order to maintain the operation safety and ensure the fluidization and the slag discharge of the circulating fluidized bed boiler burning solid wastes and biomass, primary air is usually slightly used, so that an air cap is easily blown up, and iron wires and iron nails are easy to intrude into a gap generated by the air cap and a connecting pipe pedestal to influence the fluidization, the slag discharge and the subsequent maintenance.
In this application, leave 1mm clearance between blast cap 5 cold state lower surface and the 13 medial surfaces of snap ring, blast cap 5 is heated and expands when hot operation, snap ring 13 internal surface will paste tightly with blast cap 5 surface, realize hot auto-lock, prevent that intrusions such as iron nail, iron wire from getting into the contact surface of taking over between pedestal and blast cap, be favorable to maintaining normal fluidization, promote to arrange the sediment, because the blast cap need not weld, this auto-lock structure makes the blast cap dismantle conveniently, be favorable to the maintenance.
By using the optimized scheme of the invention, the slag discharge of the boiler can be smoother, the operation coking of the boiler is prevented, and the operation loss of bed materials is reduced; the scheme also has the capability of maintaining normal slag discharge by adjusting slag discharge loosening wind when the slag discharge particle size changes sharply.
Claims (3)
1. A circulating fluidized bed boiler anti-blocking slag discharging structure comprises an air distribution plate, wherein a connecting pipe with an air cap is mounted on the air distribution plate, a slag outlet is formed in the center of the air distribution plate and connected with a slag discharging pipe, and the circulating fluidized bed boiler anti-blocking slag discharging structure is characterized in that the slag discharging pipe is a square slag discharging pipe, and two loosening air branch pipes which are symmetrically arranged are connected to the side wall of the slag discharging pipe; the connecting section of the loosening air branch pipe and the slag falling pipe is arranged obliquely upwards, and the inclination angle is 20-60 degrees; two the female pipe one end of same root pine wind is connected to the pine wind branch pipe, high pressure positive blower or compressed air source are connected to the female pipe other end of pine wind, install governing valve and pressure sensor on the female pipe of pine wind.
2. The anti-clogging and deslagging structure of the circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1, wherein the air distribution plate is arranged in a step shape with the central position as the symmetrical center and the front and rear sides being higher than the central position.
3. The anti-blocking slag-discharging structure of the circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1, wherein a boss is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the connecting pipe, the hood is supported on the boss, a circle of snap ring is arranged on the edge of the boss, a 1mm gap is left between the outer surface of the hood in a cold state and the inner side surface of the snap ring, and the hood pushes against the snap ring to realize locking when being heated and expanded.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111549366.0A CN114151787B (en) | 2021-12-17 | 2021-12-17 | Anti-blocking slag discharging structure of circulating fluidized bed boiler |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111549366.0A CN114151787B (en) | 2021-12-17 | 2021-12-17 | Anti-blocking slag discharging structure of circulating fluidized bed boiler |
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| CN114151787A true CN114151787A (en) | 2022-03-08 |
| CN114151787B CN114151787B (en) | 2024-05-31 |
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| CN114151787B (en) | 2024-05-31 |
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