CN114151481B - Large-plate special-shaped friction plate for engineering machinery, preparation method and mold - Google Patents
Large-plate special-shaped friction plate for engineering machinery, preparation method and mold Download PDFInfo
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- CN114151481B CN114151481B CN202111458918.7A CN202111458918A CN114151481B CN 114151481 B CN114151481 B CN 114151481B CN 202111458918 A CN202111458918 A CN 202111458918A CN 114151481 B CN114151481 B CN 114151481B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
- F16D69/02—Compositions of linings; Methods of manufacturing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
- F16D69/04—Attachment of linings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0082—Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0086—Moulding materials together by application of heat and pressure
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Abstract
The invention provides a large-plate special-shaped friction plate for engineering machinery, a preparation method and a mold, and belongs to the technical field of friction material manufacturing. The material formula of the special-shaped friction plate is calculated according to the weight percentage: 8-13% of modified resin, 15-25% of reinforcing material fiber, 4-10% of toughening agent, 10-20% of antiwear lubricant, 10-15% of drilling material, 5-8% of metal sulfide, 3-8% of grinding aid and 10-25% of space filler; the special-shaped die comprises: the device comprises a base, a top seat, a hydraulic press, a top sliding seat, a top die assembly, a bottom die assembly and a middle die assembly; the friction plate prepared by the design of the invention has high static friction, can increase the motion friction resistance of engineering machinery, prevents mechanical sliding, can be used for manufacturing a parking brake, meets the production requirement, can realize large-scale production, is beneficial to improving customer satisfaction, and has good applicability and popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of brake pad manufacturing, in particular to a large-plate special-shaped friction plate for engineering machinery, a preparation method and a die.
Background
The brake pad is generally composed of a steel plate, an adhesive heat insulation layer and a friction block, and the friction block is extruded on a brake disc or a brake drum to generate friction during braking, so that the aim of decelerating and braking the vehicle is fulfilled. The friction block mainly comprises friction materials and adhesives, wherein the friction materials are important components in the manufacturing and using processes of the brake block. The asbestos friction material is made up by using asbestos fibre and adding proper quantity of filler, using resin as adhesive and adopting hot-pressing process, and its cancer-causing property can not meet the requirements of modern automobile industry. In the 70 th century, semi-metal friction materials using steel fibers as main asbestos substitute materials were adopted at first abroad, and in the beginning of the 80-90 th year, the semi-metal friction materials already occupy the whole automobile disc brake pad field, but the semi-metal friction materials have the defects of high density, easy rust generation, large brake noise, dual damage and the like, and further development of the semi-metal friction materials is limited. The asbestos-free organic friction material is developed by Akebono company in Japan, adopts ceramic, mineral fiber or high-temperature-resistant organic fiber to replace steel fiber, overcomes the defect of the traditional semi-metal friction material, and is a novel high-performance automobile brake friction material. The asbestos-free organic matter friction material mainly comprises a ceramic fiber friction material, a carbon fiber reinforced friction material and an aramid fiber reinforced friction material, wherein the friction and abrasion performance research of the ceramic fiber friction material is mostly limited to specific experimental conditions, the carbon fiber reinforced friction material affects the wide application of the carbon fiber reinforced friction material due to high production cost of the carbon fiber, and the aramid fiber reinforced friction material has the abrasion resistance similar to that of the semi-metal friction material and is considered to be the main direction of the development of the friction material in the future.
Friction materials are component materials that are used in power machines to perform braking and transmission functions by friction. It mainly comprises a brake lining (brake pad) and a clutch face plate (clutch plate). The brake pad is used for braking, and the clutch plate is used for transmission. The brake disc is divided into brake blocks (disc type plates and drum type plates), brake belts, brake shoes, clutch plates and opposite friction plates according to the shape of the product. The disc type sheet is planar and the drum type sheet is arc-shaped. The brake shoe (train brake shoe, petroleum drilling machine) is arc-shaped, but is much thicker than the common arc-shaped brake pad, in the range of 25-30 mm. The brake band is commonly used for agricultural machinery and engineering machinery, and belongs to a soft friction material. The clutch plates are generally annular ring shaped articles. The anisotropic friction plate is mainly used in various engineering machinery aspects, such as friction presses, wind power friction plates and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention prepares a large flat friction plate sample for 500X 500 mm engineering machinery by a mould pressing method, develops and provides a large flat friction plate for 500X 500 mm engineering machinery, a preparation method and a special-shaped mould.
The invention solves the technical problems by the following scheme:
the large-plate special-shaped friction plate for engineering machinery comprises the following materials in percentage by weight: 8-13% of modified resin, 15-25% of reinforcing material fiber, 4-10% of toughening agent, 10-20% of antiwear lubricant, 10-15% of drilling material, 5-8% of metal sulfide, 3-8% of grinding additive and 10-25% of space filler.
Preferably, the material formula of the modified resin is as follows by weight percent: 40-60% of cashew nut shell oil modified resin and 40-60% of butyronitrile modified resin.
Preferably, the material formula of the reinforcing material fiber is as follows by weight percent: 50-60% of composite mineral fiber, 30-40% of BMC-3.0 type alkali-free glass fiber and 5-10% of cellulose fiber.
Preferably, the toughening agent comprises the following materials in percentage by weight: 40-60% of nitrile butadiene rubber powder and 40-50% of butadiene styrene rubber powder.
Preferably, the antiwear lubricant comprises the following materials in percentage by weight: 40-60% of natural crystalline flake graphite, 20-40% of needle coke and 10-20% of coke powder.
Preferably, the drilling material is recycled material after drilling the friction plate.
Preferably, the material formula of the metal sulfide comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 40-50% of pyrite, 20-30% of copper sulfide and 20-30% of molybdenum disulfide.
Preferably, the material formula of the grinding aid is as follows in percentage by weight: 60-70% of zircon powder and 30-40% of high-alumina fine powder.
Preferably, the material formula of the space filling material is as follows by weight percent: 40-60% of precipitated barium sulfate, 30-40% of light calcium carbonate and 20-30% of sericite.
The preparation method of the large-plate special-shaped friction plate for the engineering machinery comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) And (3) batching: accurately weighing raw materials of each component according to the weight percentage of the material formula of the special-shaped friction plate for standby;
(2) Mixing: putting the weighed raw materials of each component into a plow harrow type high-speed mixer, wherein the mixing time is 8-10 min;
(3) And (3) forming: weighing the mixture according to the thickness requirement of the special-shaped friction plate and the density calculation of the mixture, pouring the mixture into a hot-pressing die, and setting the hot-pressing pressure to be 200-300 kg.f/cm 2 The hot pressing temperature is 145-155 ℃, and each time of pressing is 20-30 s rows of air,the gas is discharged for 5 to 6 times, and the pressure maintaining time is 600 to 900s;
(4) And (3) heat treatment: heating the brake pad after hot press molding to 145-155 ℃ from room temperature in 4-5 h, preserving heat for 6-8 h, and stopping heating until the temperature of the oven is cooled to below 50 ℃;
(5) Post-processing: and putting the friction plate 500 multiplied by 500 mm prepared by the process on a plane abrasive belt grinder according to the technical requirement, polishing to a standard thickness, printing marks, and inspecting and packaging after processing to obtain the friction plate.
The large plate special-shaped die for the engineering machinery for preparing the friction plate comprises a base, a top seat, a hydraulic press, a top sliding seat, a top die assembly, a bottom die assembly and a middle die assembly; the periphery of the upper end surface of the base is fixedly connected with a top seat through a fixed column, a hydraulic press is arranged on the top seat, and the telescopic end of the hydraulic press is fixedly connected with the upper end surface of the top sliding seat; the periphery of the top sliding seat is sleeved on the fixed column in a vertically sliding way, the lower end surface of the top sliding seat is fixedly provided with a top mounting platform, and the upper end surface of the base is fixedly provided with a bottom mounting platform; the top die assembly comprises a top die seat fixedly arranged on the lower end surface of the top mounting platform; the bottom die assembly comprises a bottom die holder fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of the bottom mounting platform; the middle die assembly is distributed between the top die assembly and the bottom die assembly, and comprises a middle die holder; the upper end surfaces of the middle die holder and the bottom die holder are provided with a die cavity, the lower end surfaces of the top die holder and the middle die holder are respectively provided with a die head used for being inserted into the die cavity, both sides of the middle die holder and the bottom die holder are provided with air cylinders, and the air cylinders are used for jacking the middle die holder so as to facilitate the sheet discharging.
The invention has the beneficial technical effects that at least comprises: the large-plate special-shaped friction plate prepared by the design has high static friction force, can increase the motion friction resistance of engineering machinery, prevents mechanical sliding, can be used for manufacturing a parking brake, meets the production requirement, can realize large-scale production, is favorable for improving customer satisfaction, and has good applicability and popularization.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a large plate special-shaped die for engineering machinery, which is shown in FIG. 1;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view 2 of a large plate special-shaped die for engineering machinery.
Detailed Description
The following description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to specific parameters in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The large-plate special-shaped friction plate for engineering machinery comprises the following materials in percentage by weight: 13% of modified resin, 22% of reinforcing material fiber, 8% of toughening agent, 20% of antiwear lubricant, 11% of drilling material, 5% of metal sulfide, 4% of grinding additive and 17% of space filler.
Further, the material formula of the modified resin is as follows by weight percent: 40% of cashew nut shell oil modified resin and 60% of butyronitrile modified resin.
Further, the material formula of the reinforcing material fiber is as follows by weight percent: 60% of composite mineral fiber, 35% of BMC-3.0 type alkali-free glass fiber and 5% of cellulose fiber.
Further, the material formula of the toughening agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 60% of nitrile butadiene rubber powder and 40% of butadiene styrene rubber powder.
Further, the material formula of the antiwear lubricant comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 40% of natural crystalline flake graphite, 40% of needle coke and 20% of coke powder.
Further, the drilling material is recycled material after the friction plate is drilled.
Further, the material formula of the metal sulfide comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 50% of pyrite, 30% of copper sulfide and 20% of molybdenum disulfide.
Further, the material formula of the grinding agent is as follows in percentage by weight: 70% of zircon powder and 30% of high-alumina fine powder.
Further, the material formula of the space filling material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 50% of precipitated barium sulfate, 30% of light calcium carbonate and 20% of sericite.
Example 2
The large-plate special-shaped friction plate for engineering machinery comprises the following materials in percentage by weight: 12% of modified resin, 25% of reinforcing material fiber, 7% of toughening agent, 18% of antiwear lubricant, 10% of drilling material, 8% of metal sulfide, 4% of grinding additive and 16% of space filler.
Further, the material formula of the modified resin is as follows by weight percent: 50% of cashew nut shell oil modified resin and 50% of butyronitrile modified resin.
Further, the material formula of the reinforcing material fiber is as follows by weight percent: 50% of composite mineral fiber, 40% of BMC-3.0 type alkali-free glass fiber and 10% of cellulose fiber.
Further, the material formula of the toughening agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 50% of nitrile butadiene rubber powder and 50% of butadiene styrene rubber powder.
Further, the material formula of the antiwear lubricant comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 50% of natural crystalline flake graphite, 35% of needle coke and 15% of coke powder.
Further, the drilling material is recycled material after the friction plate is drilled.
Further, the material formula of the metal sulfide comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 40% of pyrite, 30% of copper sulfide and 30% of molybdenum disulfide.
Further, the material formula of the grinding agent is as follows in percentage by weight: 65% of zircon powder and 35% of high-alumina fine powder.
Further, the material formula of the space filling material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 50% of precipitated barium sulfate, 35% of light calcium carbonate and 15% of sericite.
Example 3
The large-plate special-shaped friction plate for engineering machinery comprises the following materials in percentage by weight: 12.5% of modified resin, 23% of reinforcing material fiber, 6% of toughening agent, 16% of antiwear lubricant, 13% of drilling material, 6% of metal sulfide, 4.5% of grinding aid and 19% of space filler.
Further, the material formula of the modified resin is as follows by weight percent: 45% of cashew nut shell oil modified resin and 55% of butyronitrile modified resin.
Further, the material formula of the reinforcing material fiber is as follows by weight percent: 55% of composite mineral fiber, 30% of BMC-3.0 type alkali-free glass fiber and 15% of cellulose fiber.
Further, the material formula of the toughening agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 55% of nitrile butadiene rubber powder and 45% of butadiene styrene rubber powder.
Further, the material formula of the antiwear lubricant comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 55% of natural crystalline flake graphite, 25% of needle coke and 20% of coke powder.
Further, the drilling material is recycled material after the friction plate is drilled.
Further, the material formula of the metal sulfide comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 45% of pyrite, 30% of copper sulfide and 25% of molybdenum disulfide.
Further, the material formula of the grinding agent is as follows in percentage by weight: 60% of zircon powder and 40% of high-alumina fine powder.
Further, the material formula of the space filling material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 40% of precipitated barium sulfate, 40% of light calcium carbonate and 20% of sericite.
Based on the above embodiment, there is further provided a method for preparing a large plate special-shaped friction plate for engineering machinery based on the above claims, comprising the following preparation steps:
(1) And (3) batching: accurately weighing raw materials of each component according to the weight percentage of the material formula of the special-shaped friction plate for standby;
(2) Mixing: putting the weighed raw materials of each component into a plow harrow type high-speed mixer, wherein the mixing time is 8-10 min;
(3) And (3) forming: weighing the mixture according to the thickness requirement of the special-shaped friction plate and the density calculation of the mixture, pouring the mixture into a hot-pressing die, and setting the hot-pressing pressure to be 200-300 kg.f/cm 2 The hot pressing temperature is 145-155 ℃, each time of pressing is 20-30 s rows of primary gas, 5-6 times of gas are discharged altogether, and the pressure maintaining time is 600-900 s;
(4) And (3) heat treatment: heating the brake pad after hot press molding to 145-155 ℃ from room temperature in 4-5 h, preserving heat for 6-8 h, and stopping heating until the temperature of the oven is cooled to below 50 ℃;
(5) Post-processing: and putting the friction plate 500 multiplied by 500 mm prepared by the process on a plane abrasive belt grinder according to the technical requirement, polishing to a standard thickness, printing marks, and inspecting and packaging after processing to obtain the friction plate.
Referring to fig. 1-2, for the above-mentioned large flat plate shaped friction plate for engineering machinery and the preparation method of the friction plate, a large flat plate shaped mold for engineering machinery is further provided: the hydraulic press is arranged on the top seat, a telescopic end of the hydraulic press is fixedly connected with the upper end face of the top slide seat, the periphery of the top slide seat is sleeved on the fixed column in a sliding manner, a top mounting platform is fixedly arranged on the lower end face of the top slide seat, and a bottom mounting platform is fixedly arranged on the upper end face of the base; the top die assembly comprises a top die seat fixedly arranged on the lower end surface of the top mounting platform; the bottom die assembly comprises a bottom die holder fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of the bottom mounting platform; the middle die assembly is distributed between the top die assembly and the bottom die assembly, and comprises a middle die holder; the upper end surfaces of the middle die holder and the bottom die holder are provided with a die cavity, the lower end surfaces of the top die holder and the middle die holder are respectively provided with a die head used for being inserted into the die cavity, both sides of the middle die holder and the bottom die holder are provided with air cylinders, and the air cylinders are used for jacking the middle die holder so as to facilitate the sheet discharging.
In the invention, the large flat special-shaped friction plate designed and prepared by the invention has high static friction force, can increase the motion friction resistance of engineering machinery, prevent mechanical sliding, can be used for manufacturing a parking brake, meets the production requirement, can realize large-scale production, is beneficial to improving customer satisfaction, and has good application and popularization.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (3)
1. The large-plate special-shaped friction plate for the engineering machinery is characterized in that the special-shaped friction plate comprises the following materials in percentage by weight: 8-13% of modified resin, 15-25% of reinforcing material fiber, 4-10% of toughening agent, 10-20% of antiwear lubricant, 10-15% of drilling material, 5-8% of metal sulfide, 3-8% of grinding aid and 10-25% of space filler;
the material formula of the modified resin is as follows by weight percent: 40-60% of cashew nut shell oil modified resin and 40-60% of butyronitrile modified resin;
the material formula of the reinforcing material fiber is as follows by weight percent: 50-60% of composite mineral fiber, 30-40% of BMC-3.0 type alkali-free glass fiber and 5-10% of cellulose fiber;
the material formula of the toughening agent is as follows by weight percent: 40-60% of nitrile butadiene rubber powder and 40-50% of butadiene styrene rubber powder;
the material formula of the antiwear lubricant is as follows by weight percent: 40-60% of natural crystalline flake graphite, 20-40% of needle coke and 10-20% of coke powder;
the drilling material is recycled material after drilling the friction plate;
the material formula of the metal sulfide is as follows by weight percent: 40-50% of pyrite, 20-30% of copper sulfide and 20-30% of molybdenum disulfide;
the material formula of the grinding aid is as follows in percentage by weight: 60-70% of zircon powder and 30-40% of high-alumina fine powder;
the material formula of the space filler is as follows by weight percent: 40-60% of precipitated barium sulfate, 30-40% of light calcium carbonate and 20-30% of sericite.
2. A method for preparing a large-plate special-shaped friction plate for engineering machinery based on the method in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following preparation steps:
(1) And (3) batching: accurately weighing raw materials of each component according to the weight percentage of the material formula of the special-shaped friction plate for standby;
(2) Mixing: putting the weighed raw materials of each component into a plow harrow type high-speed mixer, wherein the mixing time is 8-10 min;
(3) And (3) forming: weighing the mixture according to the thickness requirement of the special-shaped friction plate and the density calculation of the mixture, pouring the mixture into a hot-pressing die, and setting the hot-pressing pressure to be 200-300 kg.f/cm 2 The hot pressing temperature is 145-155 ℃, each time of pressing is 20-30 s rows of primary gas, 5-6 times of gas are discharged altogether, and the pressure maintaining time is 600-900 s;
(4) And (3) heat treatment: heating the brake pad after hot press molding to 145-155 ℃ from room temperature in 4-5 h, preserving heat for 6-8 h, and stopping heating until the temperature of the oven is cooled to below 50 ℃;
(5) Post-processing: and putting the friction plate 500 multiplied by 500 mm prepared by the process on a plane abrasive belt grinder according to the technical requirement, polishing to a standard thickness, printing marks, and inspecting and packaging after processing to obtain the friction plate.
3. A die for preparing the large flat special-shaped friction plate for engineering machinery according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising a base, a top seat, a hydraulic machine, a top sliding seat, a top die assembly, a bottom die assembly and a middle die assembly;
the periphery of the upper end surface of the base is fixedly connected with a top seat through a fixed column, a hydraulic press is installed on the top seat, and the telescopic end of the hydraulic press is fixedly connected with the upper end surface of the top sliding seat; the periphery of the top sliding seat is sleeved on the fixed column in a vertically sliding manner, the lower end surface of the top sliding seat is fixedly provided with a top mounting platform, and the upper end surface of the base is fixedly provided with a bottom mounting platform;
the top die assembly comprises a top die seat fixedly arranged on the lower end surface of the top mounting platform; the bottom die assembly comprises a bottom die holder fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of the bottom mounting platform; the middle die assembly is distributed between the top die assembly and the bottom die assembly, and comprises a middle die holder;
the upper end surfaces of the middle die holder and the bottom die holder are respectively provided with a die cavity, the lower end surfaces of the top die holder and the middle die holder are respectively provided with a die head for being inserted into the die cavity, and air cylinders are arranged on two sides of the middle die base and the bottom die base and used for jacking the middle die base so as to facilitate sheet discharging.
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| CN113124076A (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2021-07-16 | 安徽飞鹰汽车零部件股份有限公司 | Low-resin-based aramid pulp wear-resistant disc brake pad and preparation method thereof |
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2021
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| CN101813150A (en) * | 2010-05-20 | 2010-08-25 | 湖南博云汽车制动材料有限公司 | Ceramic fiber reinforced ceramic matrix automotive brake friction material and preparation method thereof |
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Denomination of invention: A large flat irregular friction plate for construction machinery, preparation method, and mold Effective date of registration: 20230828 Granted publication date: 20230609 Pledgee: China Construction Bank Corporation Ningguo sub branch Pledgor: Anhui Feiying Auto Parts Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2023980054090 |
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