CN114150240B - Microwave-assisted magnesium alloy heat treatment device and using method thereof - Google Patents
Microwave-assisted magnesium alloy heat treatment device and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/06—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of magnesium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/34—Methods of heating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
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Abstract
The invention discloses a microwave-assisted magnesium alloy heat treatment device and a use method thereof, wherein the device comprises a microwave output unit; at least one microwave transmitting unit; rotating the carrying platform; a rotating electric machine; a thermocouple; a shielding gas input pipe; a vacuum tube; a shield can. In the heat treatment process, the sample is placed on a rotary loading platform and subjected to solution treatment or aging treatment in a microwave field. Aiming at the problems of low specific heat capacity, slow heat transfer and the like of the magnesium alloy, the device and the method break through the defects of uneven heating, slow heat transfer, easy oxidation and the like of a sample when the magnesium alloy is subjected to heat treatment by using the traditional heat energy radiation, can accelerate the dissolution of an intermediate phase during solution treatment, inhibit the growth of crystal grains, refine discontinuous and continuous precipitated phases during aging treatment and improve the strengthening effect of the aging heat treatment on materials according to the characteristics of strong microwave penetration capacity, selective heating, high efficiency, energy conservation and the like, and are simple in process, convenient to operate and high in production efficiency, and are suitable for industrial application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of magnesium alloy heat treatment, and particularly relates to a microwave-assisted magnesium alloy heat treatment device and a using method thereof.
Background
In general, the as-cast grain structure of a magnesium alloy is relatively coarse and the alloy composition is not uniform, and proper alloying or micro-alloying of the alloy can achieve the effects of grain refinement and alloy property improvement, but the improvement effect still cannot meet the requirements required by the application, so that the alloy needs to be further processed by heat treatment means such as solution treatment and aging treatment, and the strengthening effect of the magnesium alloy is maximized. The main purpose of the heat treatment is to improve the technological properties and the service properties of the alloy and fully exert the potential of the alloy material. Currently, the heat treatment methods commonly used for magnesium alloys include solution treatment and aging treatment.
The solution treatment is to dissolve a solute into unit cells of a solvent, and due to the difference in atomic size between the two, lattice distortion in the unit cells is caused, and due to the existence of dislocations, the two interact with each other, so that the strength of the alloy is improved. The traditional solution method is to transfer heat energy to the surface of the material by means of convection, conduction or radiation and then conduct the heat energy from the surface to the interior of the material. However, the method has obvious disadvantages that the material is heated unevenly in the solid solution process, the crystal grains in local areas grow abnormally, and the performance difference is large because the heat energy transmission is progressive.
During the aging treatment, the steel sheet grows into a thick sheet shape which is known to be chronic, and the mechanical property is deteriorated. Correspondingly, the continuous precipitated phase is precipitated in the crystal, has small size and is beneficial to the mechanical property. Therefore, the key to improve the strength of the magnesium alloy is to reasonably regulate or eliminate the discontinuous phase and cooperatively refine the continuous precipitated phase.
The literature retrieval shows that Chinese patent 'a magnesium alloy casting solid solution cooling device' (application number CN2015183752U), the characteristics of the patent are that through the rotation of the casting, the consistency of the solid solution cooling effect of each area of the casting is ensured, and the uniformity of the casting performance is ensured, but the method can not solve the problem that the temperature rise and fall speed in the solid solution process of the magnesium alloy is slow, and the crystal grains of the magnesium alloy grow abnormally in the solid solution process, thereby influencing the mechanical property of the material; in addition, the Chinese patent 'a magnesium alloy quenching-aging integrated device' (application number CN105755230A), the characteristics of the patent are that the quenching and the aging are simultaneously carried out, the working hours can be shortened, the working procedures are reduced, and the quenching cracking probability of the magnesium alloy material is reduced, but the problem that the casting is heated unevenly in the method cannot be solved, and the diffusion characteristic of the interface cannot be regulated, thereby affecting the mechanical property of the material.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of low specific heat capacity, slow heat transfer and the like of the magnesium alloy, the bottleneck of heat treatment of the magnesium alloy in a traditional heat energy radiation mode is broken through, and the microwave-assisted magnesium alloy heat treatment device is simple in process and uniform in heating; by means of the characteristics of strong microwave penetrating power, selective heating, high efficiency, energy conservation and the like, the addition of the microwave field can accelerate the dissolution of an intermediate phase during the solution treatment, inhibit the growth of crystal grains, refine discontinuous and continuous precipitated phases in the aging process and improve the strengthening effect of aging heat treatment on materials, thereby completing the invention.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
in a first aspect, a microwave-assisted magnesium alloy heat treatment device comprises a microwave output unit, a microwave emission unit, a rotary carrying platform, a rotary motor, a thermocouple and a shielding case;
the microwave output unit comprises a transformer, a magnetron, a microwave mixer and a microwave excitation cavity which are sequentially and electrically connected, wherein the transformer is used for adjusting the voltage required by the test, the magnetron is used for converting the electric energy of a constant electric field into microwave energy, and the microwave energy is directly introduced into the oven cavity through the microwave excitation cavity after the microwave mixer adjusts the microwave frequency;
the microwave transmitting unit is arranged on the inner wall of the shielding cover and is connected with the microwave excitation cavity of the microwave output unit in a choking connection mode for directionally transmitting a microwave field into the furnace cavity;
the rotary carrying platform is arranged in the center of the bottom of the cavity of the shielding cover and keeps a distance with the microwave emitting unit so as to ensure that a sample is positioned in the center of a microwave field;
the rotary motor is arranged outside the shielding case and used for driving the rotary carrying platform to rotate;
the thermocouple is positioned in the furnace cavity, arranged above and at the bottom of the sample and far away from the space of the sample, and used for testing the temperature of the surface and the bottom of the sample and the temperature of the interior of the furnace cavity.
In a second aspect, a method for using a microwave-assisted magnesium alloy heat treatment device comprises the following steps:
step one, solution treatment: setting working parameters of a heat treatment device according to magnesium alloy solid solution technological parameters, placing the magnesium alloy in the heat treatment device for solid solution treatment, applying a microwave field through a microwave emitting unit, taking out the magnesium alloy after the solid solution treatment is finished, transferring the magnesium alloy to cooling equipment for cooling, and then air-cooling the magnesium alloy to room temperature;
step two, aging treatment: setting working parameters of the heat treatment device according to aging process parameters of the magnesium alloy, placing the magnesium alloy in the heat treatment device for aging treatment, applying a microwave field through a microwave emitting unit, taking out the magnesium alloy after the aging treatment is finished, transferring the magnesium alloy to cooling equipment for cooling, then air-cooling the magnesium alloy to room temperature, and turning off a power supply of a heat treatment furnace.
According to the microwave-assisted magnesium alloy heat treatment device and the using method thereof provided by the invention, the following beneficial effects are achieved:
setting parameters of a heat treatment furnace according to magnesium alloy solid solution technological parameters, putting the magnesium alloy into the heat treatment furnace for solid solution treatment, applying a microwave field through a microwave emitting unit, turning off a power supply of the heat treatment furnace after the solid solution treatment is finished, and taking out for rapid quenching; setting parameters of the heat treatment furnace according to aging process parameters of the magnesium alloy, placing the magnesium alloy in the heat treatment furnace for aging treatment, applying a microwave field through a microwave emitting unit, turning off a power supply of the heat treatment furnace after the aging treatment is finished, and taking out for rapid quenching. During the heat treatment, the magnesium alloy is placed on a rotary carrying platform and rotates. The device and the method break through the bottleneck existing in the traditional heat energy radiation mode for heat treatment of the magnesium alloy, the intervention of the microwave field can accelerate the dissolution of the intermediate phase during the solution treatment, inhibit the growth of crystal grains, also refine the discontinuous and continuous precipitated phases in the aging process, improve the strengthening effect of the aging heat treatment on the material, and have simple process and convenient operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a microwave-assisted magnesium alloy heat treatment apparatus according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of an internal structure of a microwave output unit;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a rotary stage;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the shield case.
The reference numbers indicate:
1-a microwave output unit; 2-a microwave transmitting unit; 3-rotating the object carrying platform; 4-a rotating electrical machine; 5-a thermocouple; 6-protective gas input pipe; 7-vacuum tube; 8-a shielding case; 9-a transformer; 10-a magnetron; 11-a microwave mixer; 12-a microwave excitation cavity; 13-an auxiliary heating layer; 14-a metal layer; 15-ceramic fiber board; 16-wave absorbing heating layer.
Detailed Description
The features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent and appreciated from the following detailed description of the invention.
The word "exemplary" is used exclusively herein to mean "serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration. Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. While the various aspects of the embodiments are presented in drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a microwave-assisted magnesium alloy heat treatment apparatus, comprising a microwave output unit 1, a microwave emission unit 2, a rotary stage 3, a rotary motor 4, a thermocouple 5 and a shielding case 8;
the microwave output unit 1 comprises a transformer 9, a magnetron 10, a microwave mixer 11 and a microwave excitation cavity 12 which are electrically connected in sequence, wherein the transformer 9 is used for adjusting voltage required by a test, the magnetron 10 is used for converting electric energy of a constant electric field into microwave energy, and the microwave energy is directly introduced into the oven cavity through the microwave excitation cavity 12 after the microwave frequency is adjusted by the microwave mixer 11;
the shielding cover 8 is of a shell structure, a furnace chamber in which magnesium alloy is subjected to heat treatment is formed inside the shielding cover 8, and the microwave transmitting unit 2 is arranged on the inner wall of the shielding cover 8, is connected with the microwave excitation cavity 12 of the microwave output unit 1 in a choking connection mode and is used for directionally transmitting a microwave field into the furnace chamber; the microwave transmitting unit 2 can be selected from but not limited to a single-channel microwave transmitting unit and a wide-frequency-channel microwave transmitting unit;
the rotary carrying platform 3 is arranged at the center of the bottom of the cavity of the shielding case and keeps a distance from the microwave emitting unit 2 so as to ensure that a sample is positioned at the center of a microwave field;
the rotating motor 4 is arranged outside the shielding case and used for driving the rotating object carrying platform 3 to rotate;
the thermocouple 5 is a K-type thermocouple, is positioned in the shielding cover, is arranged above and at the bottom of the sample and in a space far away from the sample, and is used for testing the temperature of the surface and the bottom of the sample and the temperature of the interior of the furnace cavity.
In a preferred embodiment, the voltage conversion rate of the transformer 9 is continuously adjustable, and the power required by the test can be adjusted by adjusting the voltage value in the test process, so that the temperature rise and fall inside the furnace chamber are controlled; the microwave mixer 11 is a balanced microwave mixer or an unbalanced microwave mixer, and the microwave wavelength can be changed according to actual requirements by the device, so that the heating power and the penetration capacity of the microwave can be adjusted.
In a preferred embodiment, a powdered auxiliary heating layer 13 is laid on the surface of the rotary stage 3, the thickness of the heating layer is 2-10 mm, the particle size of the powder is 50-200 μm, and the used material is carbon fiber, carbon-based composite material, silicon carbide, graphite material or any combination of the above materials.
In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of slots for installing the microwave emitting units 2 are arranged on the inner wall of the shielding case 8, so that the plurality of microwave emitting units 2 can change positions or work simultaneously.
In a preferred embodiment, the shielding case 8 comprises a metal layer 14 for shielding microwaves, a ceramic fiber plate 15 and a wave-absorbing heating layer 16 from outside to inside; the metal layer 14 is made of copper, iron, lead and other materials with good microwave shielding effect, and the thickness is 5-20 mm; the ceramic fiber board 15 is made of aluminum silicate or aluminum oxide and is 5-20 mm thick; the wave-absorbing heating layer 16 is made of carbon fibers, carbon-based composite materials, silicon carbide or graphite materials, and the thickness of the wave-absorbing heating layer is 5-20 mm.
In a preferred embodiment, the shielding cover 8 is provided with a protective gas input pipe 6 and a vacuum pipe 7; the protective gas input pipe 6 extends into the shielding cover 8 from the upper part of the shielding cover 8 through a small hole and is uniformly distributed above the furnace chamber in the form of an annular pipeline with the small hole, the material is used for pumping out air in the shielding cover 8 through the vacuum pipe 7 before heat treatment, and then the protective gas is filled into the furnace through the protective gas input pipe 6. The protective gas is selected from one or a combination of any volume proportion of argon, helium, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, sulfur hexafluoride and sulfur dioxide.
According to a second aspect of the invention, a method for using a microwave-assisted magnesium alloy heat treatment device is provided, which comprises the following steps:
step one, solution treatment: setting working parameters of a heat treatment device according to magnesium alloy solid solution technological parameters, placing the magnesium alloy in the heat treatment device for solid solution treatment, applying a microwave field through a microwave emitting unit, taking out the magnesium alloy after the solid solution treatment is finished, transferring the magnesium alloy to a cooling device for cooling, and then air-cooling the magnesium alloy to room temperature;
step two, aging treatment: setting working parameters of the heat treatment device according to aging process parameters of the magnesium alloy, placing the magnesium alloy in the heat treatment device for aging treatment, applying a microwave field through a microwave emitting unit, taking out the magnesium alloy after the aging treatment is finished, transferring the magnesium alloy to cooling equipment for cooling, then air-cooling the magnesium alloy to room temperature, and turning off a power supply of a heat treatment furnace.
In a preferred embodiment, the magnesium alloy is placed on a rotary carrying platform and rotated at a speed of 10-1000r/min during the solution treatment and the aging treatment.
In a preferred embodiment, the magnesium alloy solid solution technological parameters comprise solid solution temperature and solid solution time, the magnesium alloy aging technological parameters comprise aging temperature and aging time, the heat treatment device provides the highest solid solution temperature and the highest aging temperature of 600 ℃, the highest solid solution time and the highest aging time of 30 days, and the heating rate is 10-100 ℃/min.
In a preferred embodiment, the microwave emitting unit has a microwave output power of 500-3000W and a microwave output frequency of 1-3 GHz.
Examples
The microwave-assisted magnesium alloy heat treatment device used in the embodiments 1 and 2 is shown in fig. 1, and comprises a microwave output unit 1, a microwave emission unit 2, a rotary carrying platform 3, a rotary motor 4, a thermocouple 5, a protective gas input pipe 6, a vacuum pipe 7 and a shielding cover 8; the microwave output unit 1 comprises a transformer 9, a magnetron 10, a microwave mixer 11 and a microwave excitation cavity 12 which are electrically connected in sequence, the voltage value can be adjusted through the transformer according to the requirement of the test, the magnetron converts the electric energy obtained in the constant electric field into microwave energy, the microwave frequency is adjusted through the microwave mixer 11, finally the microwave energy is directly introduced into the furnace cavity through the microwave excitation cavity 12, the voltage conversion rate of the transformer 9 is continuously adjustable, and the power required by the test can be adjusted through adjusting the voltage value in the test process, so that the temperature rise and fall in the furnace cavity are controlled. The microwave transmitting units 2 are arranged on two sides in the cavity of the shielding cover, are existing products in the market and are used for outputting microwaves, and are connected with the microwave output units 1 in a choking connection mode, the microwave output power is 500-3000W, and the microwave output frequency is 1-3 GHz; the rotary carrying platform 3 is arranged in the center of the bottom of the furnace chamber, a certain distance is kept between the rotary carrying platform 3 and the microwave emission unit 2 to ensure that a sample is positioned in the center of a microwave field, the rotating speed of the rotary carrying platform 3 is 10-1000r/min, a layer of powdery auxiliary heating layer 13 is laid on the surface of the rotary carrying platform 3, the thickness of the heating layer is 6mm, the particle size of the powder is 50-200 mu m, and the used material is graphite; the rotating motor 4 is arranged outside the shielding case 8 and used for driving the rotating object carrying platform 3 to rotate; the thermocouples 5 are K-type thermocouples and are arranged above and at the bottom of the sample and in a space far away from the sample, and are used for testing the temperature of the surface and the bottom of the sample and the temperature of the interior of the furnace cavity; the protective gas input pipe 6 extends from the upper part of the shielding cover 8 to the inside of the furnace chamber through a small hole and is uniformly distributed above the cavity of the shielding cover in the form of an annular pipeline with the small hole, the material extracts air in the shielding cover 8 through the vacuum pipe 7 before heat treatment, and protective gas is filled into the shielding cover through the protective gas input pipe 6, wherein the protective gas is argon; the shielding cover 8 comprises a metal layer 14 for sealing microwaves, a ceramic fiber plate 15 and a wave-absorbing heating layer 16 from outside to inside, the metal layer 14 is made of lead materials and 10mm in thickness, the ceramic fiber plate 15 is made of aluminum silicate and 5mm in thickness, and the wave-absorbing heating layer 16 is made of carbon-based composite materials and 10mm in thickness.
Example 1
(1) Firstly, carrying out microwave field assisted solution treatment: carrying out solid solution treatment on the as-cast AZ91 magnesium alloy, wherein the solid solution process is 415 ℃ for 20 h; in the whole solid solution process, a microwave field is applied to fix the sample on a rotary carrying platform, and a rotary motor is started to rotate the sample. Starting a microwave transmitting unit, wherein the microwave output power is 1250kw, and the frequency is 2.42 GHz; the solid solution effect is based on completely dissolving the second phase; and after the solution treatment is finished, transferring the magnesium alloy sample to a water cooling box for water cooling treatment, and taking out for air cooling to room temperature.
(2) And then carrying out microwave field assisted aging treatment: carrying out aging treatment on the solid-dissolved AZ91 magnesium alloy, wherein the aging process is carried out at 200 ℃ for 60 h; in the whole aging treatment process, a microwave field is applied, a sample is fixed on a rotary loading platform, and a rotary motor is started to rotate the sample. Starting a microwave transmitting unit, wherein the microwave output power is 1210kw, and the frequency is 2.4 GHz; and after the aging treatment is finished, transferring the magnesium alloy sample to a water cooling box for water cooling treatment, and taking out the magnesium alloy sample for air cooling to room temperature.
(3) Observation and comparison of two cast AZ91 magnesium alloy samples without and with applied microwave fields show that the grain size of the cast AZ91 magnesium alloy with applied microwave fields is reduced by 20%, the area fraction of discontinuous precipitated phases is reduced by 15%, and the area fraction of the continuous precipitated phases is increased, which shows that the magnesium alloy has better heat treatment modification effect.
Example 2
(1) Firstly, carrying out microwave field assisted solution treatment: carrying out solid solution treatment on the as-cast VW63Z magnesium alloy, wherein the solid solution process is 480 ℃ multiplied by 15 h; in the whole solid solution process, a microwave field is applied to fix the sample on a rotary carrying platform, and a rotary motor is started to rotate the sample. Starting a microwave transmitting unit, wherein the microwave output power is 1280kw, and the frequency is 2.45 GHz; the solid solution effect is based on completely dissolving the second phase; and after the solution treatment is finished, taking out the magnesium alloy sample for rapid quenching.
(2) And then carrying out microwave field assisted aging treatment: carrying out aging treatment on the VW63Z magnesium alloy which is subjected to solid solution, wherein the aging process is carried out at 220 ℃ for 60 hours; in the whole aging treatment process, a microwave field is applied, a sample is fixed on a rotary loading platform, and a rotary motor is started to rotate the sample. Starting a microwave transmitting unit, wherein the microwave output power is 1230kw, and the frequency is 2.42 GHz; and (4) after the aging treatment is finished, turning off a power supply, and taking out the magnesium alloy sample for rapid quenching.
(3) The observation and comparison of two as-cast VW63Z magnesium alloy samples without and with microwave fields show that the as-cast VW63Z magnesium alloy with microwave fields has 25% reduced grain size, 10% reduced area fraction of discontinuous precipitated phase and increased area fraction of continuous precipitated phase, which indicates that better heat treatment modification effect is achieved.
The invention has been described in detail with reference to specific embodiments and illustrative examples, but the description is not intended to be construed in a limiting sense. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various equivalent substitutions, modifications or improvements may be made to the technical solution of the present invention and its embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that those matters not described in detail in the present specification are not particularly limited to the specific examples described herein.
Claims (10)
1. A microwave-assisted magnesium alloy heat treatment device is characterized in that: the microwave oven comprises a microwave output unit (1), a microwave transmitting unit (2), a rotary carrying platform (3), a rotary motor (4), a thermocouple (5) and a shielding case (8);
the microwave output unit (1) comprises a transformer (9), a magnetron (10), a microwave mixer (11) and a microwave excitation cavity (12) which are sequentially and electrically connected, wherein the transformer (9) is used for adjusting voltage required by a test, the magnetron (10) is used for converting electric energy of a constant electric field into microwave energy, and the microwave energy is directly introduced into the oven cavity through the microwave excitation cavity (12) after the microwave frequency is adjusted by the microwave mixer (11);
the shielding case (8) is of a shell structure, a furnace chamber in which magnesium alloy heat treatment is arranged is formed inside the shielding case, the microwave transmitting unit (2) is arranged on the inner wall of the shielding case (8), is connected with the microwave excitation cavity (12) of the microwave output unit (1) in a choking connection mode and is used for directionally transmitting a microwave field into the furnace chamber;
the rotary carrying platform (3) is arranged at the center of the bottom of the cavity of the shielding case, and keeps a distance from the microwave emitting unit (2) to ensure that a sample is positioned at the center of a microwave field;
the rotary motor (4) is arranged outside the shielding case and used for driving the rotary carrying platform (3) to rotate;
the thermocouple (5) is positioned in the furnace cavity, arranged above and at the bottom of the sample and far away from the space of the sample and used for testing the temperature of the surface and the bottom of the sample and the temperature of the interior of the furnace cavity.
2. The microwave-assisted magnesium alloy heat treatment device according to claim 1, wherein: the voltage conversion rate of the transformer (9) is continuously adjustable, and the power required by the test is adjusted by adjusting the voltage value in the test process, so that the temperature rise and fall in the furnace chamber are controlled; and/or
The microwave mixer (11) is a balanced microwave mixer or an unbalanced microwave mixer, and the microwave wavelength can be changed according to actual requirements through the device, so that the heating power and the penetration capacity of the microwave can be adjusted.
3. The microwave-assisted magnesium alloy heat treatment device according to claim 1, wherein: the microwave output power of the microwave transmitting unit (2) is 500-3000W, and the microwave output frequency is 1-3 GHz.
4. The microwave-assisted magnesium alloy heat treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the surface of the rotary carrying platform (3) is paved with a layer of powdery auxiliary heating layer (13), the thickness of the heating layer is 2-10 mm, the particle size of the powder is 50-200 mu m, and the used material is carbon fiber, carbon-based composite material, silicon carbide, graphite material or any combination of the above materials.
5. The microwave-assisted magnesium alloy heat treatment device according to claim 1, wherein: and a plurality of clamping grooves for mounting the microwave transmitting units (2) are arranged on the inner wall of the shielding case (8) and are used for the plurality of microwave transmitting units (2) to change positions or work simultaneously.
6. The microwave-assisted magnesium alloy heat treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the shielding cover (8) comprises a metal layer (14), a ceramic fiber plate (15) and a wave-absorbing heating layer (16) from outside to inside;
the metal layer (14) is made of copper, iron and lead materials, and the thickness of the metal layer is 5-20 mm;
the ceramic fiber board (15) is made of aluminum silicate or aluminum oxide and is 5-20 mm thick;
the wave-absorbing heating layer (16) is made of carbon fibers, carbon-based composite materials, silicon carbide or graphite materials, and the thickness of the wave-absorbing heating layer is 5-20 mm.
7. The microwave-assisted magnesium alloy heat treatment device according to claim 1, wherein: a protective gas input pipe (6) and a vacuum pipe (7) are arranged on the shielding cover (8); the protective gas input pipe (6) extends into the shielding cover (8) from the upper part of the shielding cover (8) through the small holes and is uniformly distributed above the furnace chamber in the form of an annular pipeline with the small holes, the material sucks air in the shielding cover (8) through the vacuum pipe (7) before heat treatment, and then the protective gas is filled into the furnace through the protective gas input pipe (6).
8. The microwave-assisted magnesium alloy heat treatment device according to claim 7, characterized in that: the protective gas is selected from one or a combination of any volume proportion of argon, helium, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, sulfur hexafluoride and sulfur dioxide.
9. The use method of the microwave-assisted magnesium alloy heat treatment device is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, solution treatment: setting working parameters of a heat treatment device according to magnesium alloy solid solution technological parameters, placing the magnesium alloy in the heat treatment device for solid solution treatment, applying a microwave field through a microwave emitting unit (2), taking out the magnesium alloy after the solid solution treatment is finished, transferring the magnesium alloy to cooling equipment for cooling, and then air-cooling the magnesium alloy to room temperature;
step two, aging treatment: setting working parameters of the heat treatment device according to aging process parameters of the magnesium alloy, placing the magnesium alloy in the heat treatment device for aging treatment, applying a microwave field through a microwave emitting unit (2), taking out the magnesium alloy after the aging treatment is finished, transferring the magnesium alloy to cooling equipment for cooling, then air-cooling the magnesium alloy to room temperature, and turning off a power supply of a heat treatment furnace.
10. The use method of the microwave-assisted magnesium alloy heat treatment device according to claim 9, wherein: in the processes of solid solution and aging treatment of the magnesium alloy, a sample is fixed on a rotary carrying platform (3) and is rotated at the rotating speed of 10-1000 r/min; and/or
The magnesium alloy solid solution technological parameters comprise solid solution temperature and solid solution time, the magnesium alloy aging technological parameters comprise aging temperature and aging time, the highest solid solution temperature and the highest aging temperature provided by the heat treatment device are 600 ℃, the highest solid solution time and the highest aging time are 30 days, and the heating rate is 10-100 ℃/min.
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| CN1167562A (en) * | 1994-03-31 | 1997-12-10 | 马丁·马零塔能源系统有限公司 | Variable frequency microwave heating apparatus |
| CN101151395A (en) * | 2005-03-31 | 2008-03-26 | 布哈拉特强电有限公司 | Rapid and homogenous heat treatment of large metallic sample using high power microwaves |
| CN103950970A (en) * | 2014-04-16 | 2014-07-30 | 昆明理工大学 | Method and device for preparing manganese nitride through carrying out microwave heating on MnO2 |
| CN106119582A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-11-16 | 陕西友力实业有限公司 | Utilize the method that microwave sintering prepares Si-Mg alloy |
| CN108707731A (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2018-10-26 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of microwave high throughput prepares the device and method of alloy |
| CN109207762A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-01-15 | 四川大学 | A method of tungsten molybdenum copper composite material is prepared with microwave sintering |
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| US20040238794A1 (en) * | 2003-05-30 | 2004-12-02 | Karandikar Prashant G. | Microwave processing of composite bodies made by an infiltration route |
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| CN1167562A (en) * | 1994-03-31 | 1997-12-10 | 马丁·马零塔能源系统有限公司 | Variable frequency microwave heating apparatus |
| CN101151395A (en) * | 2005-03-31 | 2008-03-26 | 布哈拉特强电有限公司 | Rapid and homogenous heat treatment of large metallic sample using high power microwaves |
| CN103950970A (en) * | 2014-04-16 | 2014-07-30 | 昆明理工大学 | Method and device for preparing manganese nitride through carrying out microwave heating on MnO2 |
| CN106119582A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-11-16 | 陕西友力实业有限公司 | Utilize the method that microwave sintering prepares Si-Mg alloy |
| CN108707731A (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2018-10-26 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of microwave high throughput prepares the device and method of alloy |
| CN109207762A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-01-15 | 四川大学 | A method of tungsten molybdenum copper composite material is prepared with microwave sintering |
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