CN114149242A - 一种基于硫氧镁胶凝材料的新型防火建筑材料 - Google Patents
一种基于硫氧镁胶凝材料的新型防火建筑材料 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114149242A CN114149242A CN202111428489.9A CN202111428489A CN114149242A CN 114149242 A CN114149242 A CN 114149242A CN 202111428489 A CN202111428489 A CN 202111428489A CN 114149242 A CN114149242 A CN 114149242A
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- magnesium
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- novel fireproof
- magnesium oxysulfate
- building material
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- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- CENHPXAQKISCGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioxathietane 4,4-dioxide Chemical compound O=S1(=O)OOO1 CENHPXAQKISCGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- WRUGWIBCXHJTDG-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium sulfate heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Mg+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O WRUGWIBCXHJTDG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 15
- 229940061634 magnesium sulfate heptahydrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001748 carbonate mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- YGANSGVIUGARFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxosilane oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[K+].[K+].O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O YGANSGVIUGARFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052631 glauconite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052627 muscovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011022 opal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IQYKECCCHDLEPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro hypochlorite;magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].ClOCl IQYKECCCHDLEPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009435 building construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004280 Sodium formate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052925 anhydrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010446 mirabilite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- HLBBKKJFGFRGMU-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium formate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C=O HLBBKKJFGFRGMU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000019254 sodium formate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002025 wood fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/30—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing magnesium cements or similar cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/52—Sound-insulating materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供了一种基于硫氧镁胶凝材料的新型防火建筑材料,按重量份计算,包括以下组分:轻烧氧化镁粉,硫酸镁溶液,铝酸钙水泥,硅藻土,滑石,碳酸钙粉,柠檬酸0.6~1.3份,草酸0.6~1.3份,酒石酸0.6~1.3份。硅藻土配备制成力学性能优良、轻质、环保的新型防火建筑材料。本发明提供的一种基于硫氧镁胶凝材料的新型防火材料具有优越的防火阻燃性能,且能在保证硫氧镁水泥的阻火阻燃性能的前提下,提升了建筑的使用寿命,同时减轻质量,对建筑内其他材料无有害影响,同时能吸附甲醛,吸收噪音,绿色环保,可广泛适用于各种建筑中,因此对未来镁质资源、新型防火建筑材料和绿色能源发展的发展具有深远影响和积极意义。
Description
技术领域
本申请涉及建筑材料领域,具体涉及一种基于硫氧镁胶凝材料的新型防火建筑材料。
背景技术
随着社会发展,对建筑材料的防火阻燃性能要求越来越高,在保证建筑材料的防火性能前提下还要保证其对室内居住环境没有影响和对建筑内其他材料没有腐蚀性等要求。传统的镁水泥防火建筑材料主要由“氯氧镁”材料构成,其主要原材料是氯化镁,尽管在生产过程中严格控制,但也会因为各种原因发生锈蚀金属、反卤、吸潮等现象,造成强度与防水防湿性能下降,污染环境。
目前专利号201610769340.X公布了一种3D打印房屋用硫氧镁胶凝材料,所述胶凝材料主要由以下原料制备而成:轻烧氧化镁、七水硫酸镁、粉煤灰、磷渣、沥青基碳纤维、中碱玻璃纤维、硬石膏、水玻璃、碳酸钙、减水剂、促凝剂、缓凝剂、偏高岭土、硅灰、硅藻土、甲酸钠、芒硝和改性剂。配方合理,取材方便,材料粘结性好,稳定性强,具有良好的出泵形态保持能力和粘结性能,打印的建筑物具有轻质高强、防火阻燃、防水耐浸、吸音隔音、保温隔热、体积稳定性良好、超强耐候等优异性能,满足3D打印建筑施工连续性和建筑强度的要求,使房屋建筑具有良好的整体稳定性和使用安全性。且制备方法简单,便于实施。
硫氧镁水泥的优势在于硫氧镁水泥与氯氧镁水泥相比没有氯离子,不腐蚀钢材;硫氧镁水泥浆体的pH值在8~9.5之间,对木质纤维与玻璃纤维和的腐蚀性小。在硫氧镁水泥中加入铝酸钙水泥会生成铝凝胶,是防火阻燃的主要成分,同时还能提升胶凝材料的抗侵蚀性能,耐水性和强度。目前防火材料生产企业以硫氧镁水泥为胶凝材料代替传统氯氧镁水泥作为胶凝材料制造防火材料已经成为大趋势,硫氧镁水泥作为防火阻燃材料具有绿色环保、轻质、阻燃阻火效果好等特点,对未来镁水泥防火建筑材料发展具有深远影响和积极意义。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的是针对现有的问题,提供一种以硫氧镁胶凝材料为基材料的新型、轻质、环保防火建筑材料。
为实现上述目的,本发明通过以下技术方案实现:
技术方案之一:一种基于硫氧镁胶凝材料的新型防火建筑材料,按重量份计算,包括以下组分:轻烧氧化镁粉40~45份,硫酸镁溶液35~40份,铝酸钙水泥5~10份,硅藻土5~10份,滑石3-6份,碳酸钙粉6-12份,柠檬酸0.6~1.3份,草酸0.6~1.3份和/或酒石酸0.6~1.3份。进一步的,所用硫酸镁溶液的原料选用七水硫酸镁,所述七水硫酸镁含量大于99.5%
进一步的,所用溶液组分百分含量为:七水硫酸镁45~50%,水50~55%。
进一步的,所用铝酸钙水泥的主要化学成分为Al2O3,含量在53~56%,矿物成分有CA、CA2、C2AS和α-Al2O3。
进一步的,所用硅藻土的主要化学成分为SiO2,含量在80~94%,主要矿物成分为蛋白石、粘土、炭质、铁质、碳酸盐矿物、石英、白云母、海绿石、长石。
进一步的,所用轻烧氧化镁粉的活性氧化镁含量为不低于65%;所用轻烧氧化镁粉的平均粒径为4.570~4.900µm,比表面积为470.3~486.7m2/kg。
进一步的,所用柠檬酸为化学纯试剂,柠檬酸含量≥99.5%。
进一步的,所用草酸为化学纯试剂,草酸含量≥99.6%。
进一步的,所用酒石酸为化学纯试剂,酒石酸含量≥99.5%。
技术方案之二:一种基于硫氧镁胶凝材料的新型防火建筑材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
⑴将配方量的七水硫酸镁与水按比例置于搅拌机中搅拌3~4min,搅拌混合,使溶质充分溶解得到硫酸镁溶液;
⑵将配方量的柠檬酸、草酸或酒石酸称量后与硫酸镁溶液混合3~4min,待柠檬酸、草酸或酒石酸完全溶解后备用;
⑶将配方量的轻烧氧化镁粉、滑石、碳酸钙粉、铝酸钙水泥和硅藻土置于搅拌机中搅拌2~3min,制得混合料;
⑷将上述混合料与配好的硫酸镁溶液分两次置于搅拌机中,每次搅拌3~5min,搅拌混合均匀,制得硫氧镁水泥浆料;
⑸将所获得的硫氧镁水泥浆料倒入模具中,进行浇模成型,并进行振动排气;
⑹将浇模后的模具及浆料放到湿度为70~80%、温度为19~24℃的养护箱养护1d后对其进行脱模;
⑺将脱模后的硫氧镁水泥固体继续放入湿度为70~80%、温度为19~24℃的养护箱中养护28d。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果为:
本发明通过以上技术方案,通过将硫氧镁水泥代替氯氧镁水泥做防火建筑材料,不仅减轻了质量,也解决了反卤、吸潮、锈蚀金属等有害影响;铝酸钙水泥是以一铝酸钙(CaO·Al2O3)或二铝酸钙(CaO·2Al2O3)为主要矿物成分的水泥。它是以天然铝矾土或工业氧化铝与碳酸钙(石灰石)按一定比例配合,经煅烧或电熔而制成的,同时其生成的水化产物铝凝胶提高了硫氧镁水泥的抗侵蚀性能、耐水性和强度,且进一步提升了其阻燃阻火性能;在日常生活中作为建筑材料可吸附甲醛,吸收噪音,使得本发明在保持其阻燃阻火性能更高的同时,也提升了日常建筑的使用寿命,达到更好的环保效果,具有轻质,阻火阻燃性能优越的特点。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做详细说明,但本发明的实施范围不仅仅限于下述的实施例。
实施例1
本实施例中一种基于硫氧镁胶凝材料的新型防火建筑材料的制备其原料组成包括:轻烧氧化镁粉42g、七水硫酸镁18g、水18g、滑石4g、碳酸钙粉10g、铝酸钙水泥8g、硅藻土7g、柠檬酸0.85g,草酸0.75g,酒石酸0.65g。
本发明还提供了一种基于硫氧镁胶凝材料的新型防火建筑材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
⑴将配方量的七水硫酸镁与水置于搅拌机中搅拌3~4min,搅拌混合,使溶质充分溶解得到硫酸镁溶液;
⑵将配方量的柠檬酸、草酸、酒石酸称量后与硫酸镁溶液混合3~4min,待柠檬酸、草酸和酒石酸完全溶解后备用;
⑶将配方量的轻烧氧化镁粉、滑石、碳酸钙粉、铝酸钙水泥和硅藻土置于搅拌机中搅拌2~3min,制得混合料;
⑷将上述混合料与配好的硫酸镁溶液分两次置于搅拌机中,每次搅拌3~5min,搅拌混合均匀,制得硫氧镁水泥浆料;
⑸将所获得的硫氧镁水泥浆料倒入模具中,进行浇模成型,并进行振动排气;
⑹将浇模后的模具及浆料放到湿度为70~80%、温度为19~24℃的养护箱养护1d后对其进行脱模;
⑺将脱模后的硫氧镁水泥固体继续放入湿度为70~80%、温度为19~24℃的养护箱中养护28d。
实施例2
本实施例中一种基于硫氧镁胶凝材料的新型防火建筑材料的制备其原料组成包括:轻烧氧化镁粉44..6g、七水硫酸镁17g、水17g、滑石5.6g,碳酸钙粉9.5g,铝酸钙水泥7.5g、硅藻土6.2g、柠檬酸0.64g、草酸0.83g。
本发明基于硫氧镁胶凝材料的新型防火建筑材料的制备方法同实施例1。
实施例3
本实施例中一种基于硫氧镁胶凝材料的新型防火建筑材料的制备其原料组成包括:轻烧氧化镁粉42.8g、七水硫酸镁15g、水19g、滑石4.2g,碳酸钙粉10.6g,铝酸钙水泥9.4g、硅藻土6.2g、柠檬酸0.94g、草酸0.83g,酒石酸0.915g。
本发明基于硫氧镁胶凝材料的新型防火建筑材料的制备方法同实施例1。
对比例
利用专利号CN209955433U公布了一种氯氧镁复合防火板。
上述实施例1-3中制得的基于硫氧镁胶凝材料的新型防火建筑材料的抗折强度(自重倍数)、耐火性能(min)、密度(Kg/m3)测试结果见下表1,并以已经公布的一种氯氧镁复合防火板最佳结果为对比例
从上表数据可知,本发明基于硫氧镁胶凝材料的新型防火建筑材料与一种氯氧镁复合防火板相比性能更优,抗折强度好、耐火性能更优良、性价比高,密度更小质量更轻,原料无污染且经济效益高,同时具有吸收甲醛和吸收噪音的优点,并且适用性更广,可作为建筑浇注料与其他建筑材料同时作用且不会对其他建筑材料产生有害影响,或用于门芯板、内外墙、地板等建筑场合中。
上述实施例1~3制得的基于硫氧镁胶凝材料的新型防火建筑材料,以硫酸镁胶凝材料为主体,加入铝酸钙水泥,硅藻土,草酸,柠檬酸,酒石酸,通过水化反应,分子间作用制备成防火建筑材料。滑石的作用是作为助混剂,使原料混合更均匀,同时其高熔点特性可以起到阻燃的作用。碳酸钙的作用是调节产品的白度,同时当遇明火烘烤时,碳酸钙分解成CO2和CaO,可以起到阻燃熄火的作用。
根据最新国标GB8624-2012建筑材料燃烧分级方法,按GB/T 5464-85建筑材料不燃性测试方法测试,本发明制备的基于硫氧镁胶凝材料的新型防火材料燃烧性能为炉内平均升温低于40℃,试样平均持续燃烧时间低于10s,试样平均质量损失率不超过40%,其防火等级达到A1级不燃性材料。根据GB/T 20285-2006 材料产烟毒性危险分级测试,其烟气毒性达到AQ1级。400℃温度下抗压强度大于50MPa,600℃温度下抗压强度大于20MPa,800℃温度下抗压强度大于6.5MPa;在耐火极限试验中,当试验温度达到1000℃,升温时间大约在75min左右时,填装有硫氧镁胶凝材料制备的防火建筑材料背面温度仅有50~90℃,阻燃阻火性能好,耐火极限达到甲级1.5h。
显然,本发明的方法仅为较佳的实施方案,并非用于限定本发明的保护范围。对于所属领域的技术人员来说,在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变动和修饰,仍处于本发明创造的保护范围之中。
Claims (10)
1.一种基于硫氧镁胶凝材料的新型防火建筑材料,按重量份计算,包括以下组分:轻烧氧化镁粉40~45份,硫酸镁溶液35~40份,铝酸钙水泥5~10份,硅藻土5~10份,滑石3-6份,碳酸钙粉6-12份,柠檬酸0.6~1.3份,草酸0.6~1.3份和/或酒石酸0.6~1.3份。
2.根据权利1所述的一种基于硫氧镁胶凝材料的新型防火建筑材料,其中,所述硫酸镁溶液的原料选用七水硫酸镁,所述七水硫酸镁含量大于99.5%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于硫氧镁胶凝材料的新型防火建筑材料,溶液组分百分含量为:七水硫酸镁45~50%,水50~55%。
4.根据权利1所述的一种基于硫氧镁胶凝材料的新型防火建筑材料,其中,所用铝酸钙水泥的主要化学成分为Al2O3,含量在50~60%,矿物成分有CA、CA2、C2AS和α-Al2O3。
5.根据权利1所述的一种基于硫氧镁胶凝材料的新型防火建筑材料,其中,所用硅藻土的主要化学成分为SiO2,含量在80~94%,主要矿物成分为蛋白石、粘土、炭质、铁质、碳酸盐矿物、石英、白云母、海绿石、长石。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于硫氧镁胶凝材料的新型防火建筑材料,其中,所述轻烧氧化镁粉的活性氧化镁含量为不低于65%;所述轻烧氧化镁粉的平均粒径为4.570~4.900µm,比表面积为470.3~486.7m2/kg。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于硫氧镁胶凝材料的新型防火建筑材料,其中,所述柠檬酸为化学纯试剂,柠檬酸含量≥99.5%。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于硫氧镁胶凝材料的新型防火建筑材料,其中,所述草酸为化学纯试剂,草酸含量≥99.6%。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于硫氧镁胶凝材料的新型防火建筑材料,其中,所述酒石酸为化学纯试剂,酒石酸含量≥99.5%。
10.一种基于硫氧镁胶凝材料的新型防火建筑材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
⑴将配方量的七水硫酸镁与水按比例置于搅拌机中搅拌3~4min,搅拌混合,使溶质充分溶解得到硫酸镁溶液;
⑵将配方量的柠檬酸、草酸和酒石酸称量后与硫酸镁溶液混合3~4min,待柠檬酸、草酸和酒石酸完全溶解后备用;
⑶将配方量的轻烧氧化镁粉、滑石、碳酸钙粉、铝酸钙水泥和硅藻土置于搅拌机中搅拌2~3min,制得混合料;
⑷将上述混合料与配好的硫酸镁溶液分两次置于搅拌机中,每次搅拌3~5min,搅拌混合均匀,制得硫氧镁水泥浆料;
⑸将所获得的硫氧镁水泥浆料倒入模具中,进行浇模成型,并进行振动排气;
⑹将浇模后的模具及浆料放到湿度为70~80%、温度为19~24℃的养护箱养护1d后对其进行脱模;
⑺将脱模后的硫氧镁水泥固体继续放入湿度为70~80%、温度为19~24℃的养护箱中养护28d。
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