CN114147934A - Device and method for manufacturing dielectric function gradient 3D printing wire - Google Patents
Device and method for manufacturing dielectric function gradient 3D printing wire Download PDFInfo
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- CN114147934A CN114147934A CN202110621653.1A CN202110621653A CN114147934A CN 114147934 A CN114147934 A CN 114147934A CN 202110621653 A CN202110621653 A CN 202110621653A CN 114147934 A CN114147934 A CN 114147934A
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- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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- B29C48/288—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder in solid form, e.g. powder or granules
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
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- B29C48/397—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using a single screw
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of manufacturing of dielectric function gradient materials, and provides a device and a method for manufacturing a dielectric function gradient 3D printing wire. The control mechanism of the manufacturing device is internally provided with a dielectric constant of a wire to be printed, the control mechanism controls the feeding proportion of each feeding box in the feeding mechanism according to the dielectric constant, namely at least controls the mixing proportion of a base material with plasticity and a filler with dielectricity, so that after the mixed material processing mechanism processes the wire, the dielectric constant of the manufactured wire meets the compound requirement, the control mechanism can change the mixing proportion between the base material and the filler by adjusting the adjusting structure, the dielectric constant values of all sections of the finally manufactured wire are different, the control mechanism adjusts the adjusting piece according to the gradient distribution data of the dielectric constant of the required wire, the required wire with the gradient dielectricity can be manufactured, and after the wire is used in the 3D printing field, the required functional gradient material can be obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of manufacturing of dielectric function gradient materials, in particular to a manufacturing device and method of a dielectric function gradient 3D printing wire.
Background
The FGM (functional Graded Material) compounds materials with different characteristics, so that the Material characteristics present non-uniform gradient changes at different spatial positions in the Material, thereby relieving local stress concentration and achieving the purpose of improving the overall performance of the Material. In recent years, researchers introduce the concept into the electrical field, and put forward the concept of a dielectric function gradient material, that is, the dielectric property (conductivity/dielectric constant) distribution of an insulating material is regulated to regulate the electric field distribution, so as to achieve the purpose of relieving the phenomenon of overhigh local electric field and reducing the flashover voltage, and the dielectric function gradient material has higher feasibility and larger application prospect.
3D printing (additive manufacturing) is used as a flexible and quick three-dimensional model manufacturing technology, and a new solution is provided for preparation of functionally graded materials, especially dielectric functionally graded materials. The technical characteristics of point-by-point accumulation into a surface and surface-by-surface accumulation into a body are matched with the concept of the dielectric functional gradient material, and the dielectric parameters (such as dielectric constant) of each point of the insulating material can be regulated and controlled, so that the integral additive manufacturing of the dielectric functional gradient material is realized. Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) is the most mature and widely applied 3D printing method, and has great application potential in the preparation of dielectric gradient materials.
However, the current FDM printing filament is mainly made of a single homogeneous material, and therefore, the preparation of the dielectric functional gradient filament for 3D printing is an urgent need in the field of dielectric functional gradient insulation and fused deposition modeling 3D printing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a manufacturing device of a dielectric functional gradient 3D printing wire, aims to manufacture the dielectric functional gradient 3D printing wire and solves the problem that the functional gradient material is difficult to manufacture due to single printing wire in the existing 3D printing field.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the utility model provides a dielectric function gradient 3D prints silk material manufacturing installation, includes compounding processing mechanism, be used for to compounding processing mechanism feeding and the feed mechanism who has two feed box at least to and control according to the dielectric constant who waits to make the silk material the control mechanism of feed mechanism's feeding proportion, feed box with compounding processing mechanism is linked together, at least one store the base-stock that has plasticity in the feed box, at least one store the filler that has dielectricity in the feed box, feed mechanism is including locating each adjust the structure in the feed box, control mechanism control adjust the structure in order to adjust each feed box's feeding efficiency, compounding processing mechanism is used for making the silk material after each component mixed machining.
In one embodiment, the bottom of the feeding box is provided with a feeding hole communicated with the mixed material processing mechanism, the adjusting structure is a screw rod inserted in the feeding hole, the screw rod is provided with threads, the screw rod rotates and brings the raw materials in the feeding box into the mixed material processing mechanism through the threads, and the control mechanism controls the rotation speed of the screw rod.
In one embodiment, a feed inlet communicated with the mixed material processing mechanism is formed in the bottom of the feed box, the adjusting structure is a roller arranged at the feed inlet, a storage structure is arranged on the roller, the roller rotates and brings raw materials in the feed box into the mixed material processing mechanism through the storage structure, and the control mechanism controls the rotating speed of the roller.
In one embodiment, the mixing processing mechanism comprises a mixing box communicated with the feeding box of the feeding mechanism, and a heating assembly and a stirring assembly which are arranged in the mixing box, wherein the heating assembly is used for regulating and controlling the temperature in the mixing box so as to melt and mix the components in the mixing box, and the stirring assembly is used for mixing and stirring the components entering the mixing box.
In one embodiment, the mixing box is provided with a screw outlet, the stirring assembly comprises two stirring rods arranged in the mixing box, the two stirring rods are provided with guide structures, the two stirring rods rotate to mix the components and enable the components to move towards the screw outlet through the guide structures, and a heat insulation structure is arranged on one side, close to the screw outlet, of the mixing box.
In one embodiment, the dielectric functional gradient 3D printing wire manufacturing apparatus further comprises a drawing mechanism for drawing the wire manufactured by the compounding processing mechanism, and the drawing mechanism is connected to the control mechanism.
In one embodiment, the drawing mechanism comprises at least two drawing rollers arranged side by side, and a drawing channel for drawing the silk material is formed by enclosing between two adjacent drawing rollers.
In one embodiment, the dielectric functional gradient 3D printing wire manufacturing device further comprises a detection mechanism for detecting the dielectric constant of the wire, the detection mechanism being connected to the control mechanism.
In one embodiment, the dielectric functional gradient 3D printing filament manufacturing device further comprises a winding mechanism for winding the filament, the winding mechanism being connected to the control mechanism.
The application also provides a manufacturing method of the dielectric functional gradient 3D printing wire, which is used for manufacturing the wire by adopting the wire manufacturing device, and the method comprises the following steps:
modeling a dielectric function gradient insulating part to be printed in a control mechanism to obtain a dielectric constant one-dimensional distribution model of the dielectric function gradient insulating part, and obtaining dielectric constant gradient distribution data of wires to be manufactured according to the distribution model;
the control mechanism regulates and controls the feeding efficiency of each feeding box in the feeding mechanism according to the dielectric constant gradient distribution data so as to ensure that the dielectric constant of the prepared wire is distributed in a preset gradient;
the control mechanism controls the material mixing and processing mechanism to process all the components and extrude the components through a wire outlet to form the wire;
the control mechanism controls the traction mechanism to traction the prepared wire;
the control mechanism controls the detection mechanism to detect the dielectric constant of the wire material;
if the detection result of the detection mechanism on the wire is unqualified, the control mechanism adjusts the feeding efficiency of each feeding box in the feeding mechanism;
if the detection result of the detection mechanism to the wire is qualified, the control mechanism controls the winding mechanism to wind the wire.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the control mechanism is internally provided with a dielectric constant of a wire to be printed, the control mechanism controls the feeding proportion of each feeding box in the feeding mechanism according to the dielectric constant, namely at least controls the mixing proportion of a base material with plasticity and a filler with dielectricity, so that the dielectric constant of the manufactured wire is required after the wire is processed by the material mixing processing mechanism, the control mechanism can change the mixing proportion between the base material and the filler by adjusting the adjusting structure, the dielectric constant values of all sections of the finally manufactured wire are different, the control mechanism adjusts the adjusting piece according to the gradient distribution data of the dielectric constant of the required wire, the required wire with the gradient dielectricity can be manufactured, and the required functional gradient material can be obtained after the wire is used in the 3D printing field.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed for the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a manufacturing apparatus for 3D printing wires with dielectric functional gradient according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a first schematic sectional view of a feeding mechanism and a material mixing mechanism of a dielectric gradient 3D printing filament manufacturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a second schematic sectional view of a feeding mechanism and a material mixing mechanism of a dielectric gradient 3D printing filament manufacturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the main element symbols:
100. a manufacturing device for 3D printing wires with dielectric functional gradient; 10. a feeding mechanism; 11. a feeding box; 12. an adjustment structure; 20. a mixing processing mechanism; 21. a filament outlet; 22. a mixing box; 23. a stirring assembly; 231. a stirring rod; 232. a guide structure; 24. a heating assembly; 25. a guide plate; 30. a traction mechanism; 40. a detection mechanism; 50. a winding mechanism; 60. and a control mechanism.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships illustrated in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Referring to fig. 1-3, a dielectric gradient 3D printing filament manufacturing apparatus 100 according to the present application is shown, which includes a material mixing processing mechanism 20, a feeding mechanism 10 having at least two feeding boxes 11 for feeding material to the material mixing processing mechanism 20, and a control mechanism 60 for controlling a feeding ratio of the feeding mechanism 10 according to a dielectric constant of a filament to be manufactured, wherein the feeding boxes 11 are communicated with the material mixing processing mechanism 20, at least one feeding box 11 stores a plastic base material, at least one feeding box 11 stores a dielectric filler, the feeding mechanism 10 includes an adjusting structure 12 disposed in each feeding box 11, the control mechanism 60 controls the adjusting structure 12 to adjust a feeding efficiency of each feeding box 11, and the material mixing processing mechanism 20 is configured to mix and process components to manufacture the dielectric gradient 3D printing filament.
In this embodiment, the control mechanism 60 is provided with a dielectric constant of a wire to be printed, the control mechanism 60 controls the feeding proportion of each feeding box 11 in the feeding mechanism 10 according to the dielectric constant, that is, at least controls the mixing proportion of the plastic base material and the dielectric filler, so that the dielectric constant of the manufactured wire is required after being processed by the material mixing processing mechanism 20, and the control mechanism 60 can change the mixing proportion between the base material and the filler by adjusting the adjusting structure 12, so that the dielectric constant values of each section of the finally manufactured wire are different, and the control mechanism 60 adjusts the adjusting piece according to the dielectric constant gradient distribution data of the required wire, so that the required wire with gradient dielectric property can be manufactured, and after being used in the 3D printing field, the required functional gradient material can be obtained.
In this embodiment, the wire manufactured by the wire manufacturing apparatus has a gradient dielectric constant to be used in the 3D printing technology, so that the functional gradient material can be manufactured by the 3D printing technology. Therefore, before the wire manufacturing device is used, a model of the target functionally gradient material is modeled, and one-dimensional distribution data of the dielectric constant of the target functionally gradient material is obtained, the control mechanism 60 calculates the mixing ratio of the plastic base material and the dielectric filler required in each gradient according to the one-dimensional distribution data, and adjusts the speed of the base material and the filler entering the mixed material processing mechanism 20 by controlling the adjusting mechanism 12, so that the base material and the filler are mixed according to the required ratio, and the dielectric constant of the manufactured wire is compounded with the expected value. Moreover, the control mechanism 60 regulates and controls the adjusting structure 12, so that the feeding efficiency of the base material and the filler is changed, and further the proportion between the base material and the filler is changed, so that the finally formed wire has a gradient dielectric constant value which is consistent with preset data, and further the finally formed wire can be conveniently used for manufacturing a functional gradient material in a 3D printing technology.
In this embodiment, the feeding mechanism 10 has at least two feeding boxes 11, that is, the number of the feeding boxes 11 can be three or more, and different materials can be placed in each feeding box 11, so that the feeding mechanism 10 in this embodiment can meet the requirement of feeding more different materials at the same time, and thus can meet the manufacturing requirement of more wires. Or, when the ratio difference between the required base material and the filler is too large, and the base material or the filler is fed through the matching of the group of feeding boxes 11 and the adjusting structure 12 to hardly meet the proportioning requirement, the base material or the filler can be placed into the two feeding boxes 11, and then the feeding speed of each feeding box 11 is controlled through the regulation and control of the adjusting structure 12, so that the harsher proportioning requirement can be met, and the prepared wire material has a more ideal effect. Alternatively, more feeding boxes 11 can be used as spare feeding boxes 11, and when the feeding boxes 11 or the adjusting structure 12 are damaged or need to be repaired, the spare feeding boxes 11 can be used, so that the use of the device is not influenced.
Referring to fig. 2, as a specific embodiment of the dielectric gradient 3D printing filament manufacturing apparatus 100 provided in the present application, a feeding port communicated with the material mixing processing mechanism 20 is formed at the bottom of the feeding box 11, the adjusting structure 12 is a screw inserted into the feeding port, the screw is provided with a thread, the screw rotates and brings the raw material in the feeding box 11 into the material mixing processing mechanism 20 through the thread, and the control mechanism 60 controls the rotation speed of the screw.
In this embodiment, the feeding box 11 is located above the material mixing processing mechanism 20, the bottom of the feeding box 11 is conical, the feeding port is circular, and after each raw material is placed in the feeding box 11, the raw material always tends to enter the material mixing processing mechanism 20 downwards, the size of the screw is equal to that of the feeding port, and the screw is provided with a thread, so that a certain gap is formed between the rod body of the screw and the feeding port, and the raw material is granular with a certain size, therefore, when the screw is stationary, the raw material cannot enter the material mixing processing mechanism 20 through the gap, and the raw material is driven by the thread to feed the material mixing processing device by rotating the screw, the higher the rotation speed of the screw is, the more the raw material enters the material mixing processing device through the thread in the same time, the different raw materials are placed in different feeding boxes 11, and the control mechanism 60 correspondingly controls the rotation speed of the screw in each feeding box 11, the raw materials in the feeding boxes 11 can enter the mixed material processing mechanism 20 with different efficiencies. Specifically, the screw is driven by a motor, and the control mechanism 60 specifically controls the motor for driving the screw.
Referring to fig. 3, as a specific embodiment of the dielectric gradient 3D printing filament manufacturing apparatus 100 provided in the present application, a feeding hole communicated with the material mixing processing mechanism 20 is formed at the bottom of the feeding box 11, the adjusting structure 12 is a roller disposed at the feeding hole, a material storage structure is disposed on the roller, the roller rotates and brings the raw material in the feeding box 11 into the material mixing processing mechanism 20 through the material storage structure, and the control mechanism 60 controls the rotation speed of the roller.
In this embodiment, the feeding box 11 is located above the material mixing processing mechanism 20, the bottom of the feeding box 11 is conical, the feeding port is rectangular, the cross section of the roller is adapted to the feeding port, a certain gap is formed between the side surface of the roller and the edge of the feeding port, the size of the gap is smaller than the minimum size of each raw material, gears are arranged on the side surface of the roller, a storage structure for containing the raw materials is formed between the gears, one part of the roller is located in the feeding box 11 all the time, the other part of the roller is led to the material mixing processing mechanism 20, when the roller rotates, the positions of the storage structures are switched between the feeding box 11 and the material mixing processing mechanism 20, therefore, the raw materials in the feeding box 11 can be brought into the material mixing processing mechanism 20 through the rotation of the roller, the roller is connected to the side wall at the feeding port through the rotating shaft, the higher the rotating speed of the roller is, the more raw materials are brought into the material mixing processing mechanism through the storage structure in the same time, different raw materials are placed in different material feeding boxes 11, and the control mechanism 60 correspondingly controls the rotating speed of the rollers in each material feeding box 11, so that the raw materials in each material feeding box 11 enter the mixed material processing mechanism 20 at different efficiencies. Specifically, the roller is driven by a motor, and the control mechanism 60 specifically controls the motor for driving the roller.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, as an embodiment of the dielectric gradient 3D printing wire manufacturing apparatus 100 provided in the present application, the material mixing processing mechanism 20 includes a material mixing box 22 communicated with the material feeding box 11 of the material feeding mechanism 10, and a heating assembly 24 and a stirring assembly 23 disposed in the material mixing box 22, wherein the heating assembly 24 is configured to regulate and control a temperature in the material mixing box 22 to melt and mix components in the material mixing box 22, and the stirring assembly 23 is configured to mix and stir components entering the material mixing box 22.
In this embodiment, the raw materials enter the mixing box 22 of the mixing processing mechanism 20 from the feeding mechanism 10 in the form of solid particles, and the raw materials have the characteristic of melting when heated, so that after entering the mixing box 22, the raw materials are melted by heating and fully mixed under the action of the stirring mechanism, and the raw materials at least comprise a plastic base material and a dielectric filler, and the two materials are melted and mixed and form a dielectric material after cooling.
Referring to fig. 1-3, as an embodiment of the manufacturing apparatus 100 for dielectric gradient 3D printing filament provided in the present application, a filament outlet 21 is formed on a mixing box 22, a stirring assembly 23 includes two stirring rods 231 disposed in the mixing box 22, a guiding structure 232 is disposed on the two stirring rods 231, and the two stirring rods 231 rotate to mix the components and move the components toward the filament outlet 21 through the guiding structure 232.
In this embodiment, after the feeding mechanism 10 feeds the material into the material mixing and processing mechanism 20, the raw material moves to the filament outlet 21 under the action of the guiding structure 232 on the stirring rod 231 to realize filament outlet. Specifically, the inside of compounding box 22 has deflector 25, this deflector 25 slopes down gradually from the feed inlet direction of compounding box 22 to the outlet 21 direction of compounding box 22, the raw materials falls into on the deflector 25 after getting into in the compounding box 22, therefore has the trend that moves to outlet 21 direction all the time, the top of this deflector 25 is located to puddler 231, this deflector 25 setting is pressed close to puddler 231, therefore can stir and lead to the raw materials that fall into on the deflector 25. The guiding structure 232 is a screw thread provided on the stirring rod 231, and when the guiding rod rotates, the raw material moves to the wire outlet 21 along with the screw thread on the guiding rod. The diameter of the filament outlet 21 is 0.5-5mm, so that the gradient composite material extruded from the filament outlet 21 is in a filament shape initially.
Optionally, heating element 24 is including locating the heater of deflector 25 below, and deflector 25 has the heat conductivity, and this heater is pressed close to one side setting that deflector 25 dorsad puddler 231, therefore can enough play the heating effect, can avoid again directly causing the adhesion with the raw materials contact, simple structure, the equipment of being convenient for.
Optionally, the heating assembly 24 includes a heater disposed in the stirring rod 231, the rod body of the stirring rod 231 is hollow, so that a space for arranging the heater is provided, the stirring rod 231 has thermal conductivity, the heater is disposed inside the stirring rod 231, so that the stirring rod 231 melts the raw material when stirring the raw material, thereby better realizing the melting and mixing of the raw material, and because the heater is disposed inside the stirring rod 231 so that the stirring rod 231 generates heat, the raw material does not adhere to the stirring rod 231 when contacting the stirring rod 231, so that the stirring rod 231 can stir the raw material more fully.
Referring to fig. 1, as an embodiment of the dielectric gradient 3D printing filament manufacturing apparatus 100 provided in the present application, the dielectric gradient 3D printing filament manufacturing apparatus 100 further includes a drawing mechanism 30 for drawing the filament manufactured by the material mixing processing mechanism 20, and the drawing mechanism 30 is connected to the control mechanism 60.
In this embodiment, the wire material prepared by the material mixing and processing mechanism 20 is extruded from the wire outlet 21, the traction mechanism 30 is disposed near the wire outlet 21 of the material mixing and processing mechanism 20, the traction mechanism 30 clamps and pulls the gradient composite material prepared by the material mixing and processing mechanism 20, so that the gradient composite material extruded from the wire outlet 21 exhibits a wire drawing effect, and further the wire material is formed, and the control mechanism 60 controls the traction speed of the traction mechanism 30 to ensure that the traction mechanism 30 stably pulls the wire material.
Referring to fig. 1, as an embodiment of the apparatus 100 for manufacturing a dielectric gradient 3D printing filament according to the present application, the drawing mechanism 30 includes at least two drawing rollers disposed side by side, and a drawing channel for drawing the filament is defined between two adjacent drawing rollers.
In the embodiment, the size of the traction channel is equivalent to that of the required wire, the traction roller clamps the wire and further shapes the wire through the traction channel, the continuity of the wire is guaranteed, and the size and the shape of the produced wire are uniform.
Specifically, the quantity of carry over pinch rolls is two sets of in this embodiment, two sets of carry over pinch rolls are upper and lower stack setting, two sets of carry over pinch rolls are made fixedly through the carry over pinch roll support frame, and connect on this carry over pinch roll support frame through the pivot, this carry over pinch roll support frame supports certain height with two carry over pinch rolls, and make the highly uniform who forms the height of drawing the passageway between two sets of carry over pinch rolls and go out silk mouth 21, guarantee the stability to silk material traction, and simultaneously, the condition that the silk material is deviate from the carry over pinch roll downwards has been avoided appearing in the mode that stacks the setting from top to bottom to two carry over pinch rolls, further guaranteed the stable traction to the silk material.
Referring to FIG. 1, as an embodiment of the present invention, a device 100 for manufacturing a dielectric functional gradient 3D printing filament is further provided, which further comprises a detecting mechanism for detecting the dielectric constant of the filament, and the detecting mechanism is connected to the control mechanism 60.
In this embodiment, the detecting mechanism 40 is located at the rear stage of the drawing mechanism 30, and the wire material is drawn by the drawing mechanism 30 and can be detected by the detecting mechanism 40. The detection mechanism 40 comprises a dielectric capacitance chromatography nondestructive detector and a support frame for supporting the same, the capacitance chromatography nondestructive detector is hollow so as to form a detection channel for a wire to pass through, when the wire enters the detection channel, an induction probe on the capacitance chromatography nondestructive detector is annularly arranged on the peripheral side of the wire, so that the capacitance value of the wire is detected, and further, the capacitance value is inverted into a relative dielectric constant, and the gradient distribution condition of the relative dielectric constant of the wire can be obtained.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the control mechanism 60 is connected to the dielectric capacitance chromatography nondestructive detector, the dielectric capacitance chromatography nondestructive detector feeds detected data back to the control mechanism 60, and the control mechanism 60 determines whether the wire meets the expected requirements according to the data fed back by the dielectric capacitance chromatography nondestructive detector, and gives an alarm when the wire is not qualified, so that a user can overhaul the wire manufacturing device conveniently.
Referring to fig. 1, as an embodiment of the dielectric gradient 3D printing filament manufacturing apparatus 100 provided in the present application, the dielectric gradient 3D printing filament manufacturing apparatus 100 further includes a winding mechanism 50 for winding the filament, and the winding mechanism 50 is connected to the control mechanism 60.
In this embodiment, the winding mechanism 50 includes a winding roller, a winding roller support frame, and a motor for driving the winding roller to rotate, the winding roller rotating shaft is connected to the winding roller support frame, and the control mechanism 60 is connected to the motor and drives the winding roller to rotate by driving the motor, so as to wind the filament material. The winding mechanism 50 is located at the rear stage of the detection mechanism 40, and the wire is wound by the winding roller after being detected to be qualified by the detection mechanism 40. And the winding roller support frame supports the wire inlet end of the winding roller to the height same as that of the traction channel, namely the height same as that of the wire outlet 21, so that the wire advances on a fixed horizontal line before being wound, unnecessary stress in the advancing process is avoided, and the continuity and stability of the wire are ensured.
The application also provides a wire manufacturing method, which adopts the wire manufacturing device as the previous text to manufacture the wire, and the method comprises the following steps:
modeling a dielectric function gradient insulating part to be printed in a control mechanism 60 to obtain a dielectric constant one-dimensional distribution model of the dielectric function gradient insulating part, and obtaining dielectric constant gradient distribution data of wires to be manufactured according to the distribution model;
the control mechanism 60 regulates and controls the feeding efficiency of each feeding box 11 in the feeding mechanism 10 according to the gradient distribution data of the dielectric constant, so that the dielectric constant of the prepared wire is distributed in a preset gradient;
the control mechanism 60 controls the mixing processing mechanism 20 to process each component and extrude the components through the wire outlet 21 to form wires;
the control mechanism 60 controls the traction mechanism 30 to traction the prepared wires;
the control mechanism 60 controls the detection mechanism 40 to detect the dielectric constant of the wire material;
if the detection result of the detection mechanism 40 on the wire materials is unqualified, the control mechanism 60 adjusts the feeding efficiency of each feeding box 11 in the feeding mechanism 10;
if the detection result of the detection means 40 for the wire material is acceptable, the control means 60 controls the winding means 50 to wind the wire material.
In this embodiment, raw material components for manufacturing the wire material need to be prepared first, the raw material needed to be prepared at least includes a base material with plasticity and a filler with plasticity, and the base material with plasticity can be selected from polylactic acid (PLA), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS), polypropylene (PP), Polyamide (PA), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polyether ketone (PEKK), Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPs), Polyetherimide (PEI), and the like; the filler with dielectric property can be selected from titanium dioxide, barium titanate, strontium titanate, barium strontium titanate, copper calcium titanate, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, aluminum oxide and the like.
Specifically, when the filler with the dielectric property is prepared, firstly, the thermoplastic material matrix and the high-dielectric filler are degassed and dried in a vacuum drying oven, wherein the temperature of the drying oven is 40-130 ℃, and the drying time is 2-24 hours. The thermoplastic material matrix and the high dielectric filler matrix are mixed in an internal mixer and granulated by a granulator to prepare the filler with dielectric property which can be used for being melt-mixed with the base material with plasticity. Wherein, the doping proportion of the high dielectric filler in the preparation process is determined by a preliminary experiment: the preparation method comprises the steps of mixing a thermoplastic matrix and high-dielectric fillers with different contents (the mass fraction is 10-70%) in an internal mixer (rheometer), granulating by a granulator, testing the melt index of composite material particles with different filler contents by using a melt index tester, and selecting the maximum value which can be reached by the filler content as the content of the high-dielectric fillers in the master batch under the premise of ensuring good flowing property and meeting the requirements of a 3D printing process, wherein for example, the melt index of a polypropylene-based composite material is more than 1g/10min, the testing conditions are 230 ℃ and 2.16kg, so that the filler with high dielectric property and the dielectric property which can be melt-mixed with a plastic base material in the subsequent manufacturing process is prepared.
The control mechanism 60 is specifically a computer, and the step of obtaining the dielectric distribution constant of the wire to be manufactured specifically comprises: modeling a dielectric function gradient insulating part to be printed in a computer, and constructing a dielectric constant three-dimensional space distribution model of the insulating part; slicing the three-dimensional model (the thickness of the layer is 0.1-1 mm, preferably 0.2mm) to obtain a dielectric constant two-dimensional distribution model of each layer; and obtaining a dielectric constant one-dimensional distribution model according to the printing track of each layer to obtain the dielectric constant gradient distribution data of the wire to be printed, further calculating the ratio data of the base material and the filler required in each gradient according to the gradient distribution data, and further controlling the feeding rate of the base material and the filler according to the ratio data, so that the base material and the filler are mixed in a corresponding ratio, and the wire with the gradient dielectric function which is expected is prepared.
In this embodiment, specifically, when the wire manufacturing apparatus is used to manufacture a wire, the thermoplastic base material and the dielectric filler are respectively placed in two different feeding boxes 11, and the control system regulates and controls the adjusting structures 12 in the two feeding boxes 11, specifically, the rotating speed ratio of the two screws is regulated to control the doping ratio of the two-component material, so as to regulate and control the dielectric constant of the wire to be manufactured in real time; the feeding mechanism 10 feeds the plastic base material and the dielectric filler into the mixing processing mechanism 20 in real time according to different proportions, the mixing processing mechanism 20 melts the raw materials entering the mixing processing mechanism through the heating assembly 24 and uniformly mixes the raw materials through the stirring assembly 23, and the raw materials move towards the filament outlet 21 all the time under the action of the guide structure 232 and are extruded from the filament outlet 21; drawing the gradient composite material extruded from the wire outlet 21 by a traction mechanism 30 to obtain a dielectric function gradient wire material, and continuously pushing the dielectric function gradient wire material forwards; the gradient wire passes through a capacitance chromatography nondestructive detector, the capacitance value of the gradient wire is measured, and the gradient wire is further inverted into a relative dielectric constant, so that the gradient distribution condition of the relative dielectric constant of the wire is obtained; further, the actually measured gradient distribution of the relative dielectric constant is compared with the pre-designed gradient distribution in the control mechanism 60, and the control system further provides feedback to perform feedback adjustment on the adjusting structures 12 in the two feeding boxes 11. And finally, winding the wire by the winding mechanism 50 to finally finish the preparation of the dielectric functional gradient 3D printing wire.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a dielectric function gradient 3D prints silk material manufacturing installation, its characterized in that, including compounding processing agency, be used for to compounding processing agency feeding and the feed mechanism who has two feed box at least to and control according to the dielectric constant who waits to make the silk material the control mechanism of feed mechanism's feeding proportion, feed box with compounding processing agency is linked together, at least one store the base-material that has plasticity in the feed box, at least one store the filler that has dielectricity in the feed box, feed mechanism is including locating each regulation structure in the feed box, control mechanism control the regulation structure in order to adjust each feed box's feeding efficiency, compounding processing agency is used for making the silk material after each component mixed processing.
2. The apparatus for manufacturing a dielectric functionally graded 3D printing filament according to claim 1, wherein the feed box has a feed inlet at the bottom thereof, the adjusting mechanism is a screw inserted into the feed inlet, the screw is provided with a thread, the screw rotates and brings the raw material in the feed box into the material mixing processing mechanism through the thread, and the control mechanism controls the rotation speed of the screw.
3. The apparatus for manufacturing a dielectric functionally graded 3D printing filament according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the feeding box is provided with a feeding port communicated with the material mixing processing mechanism, the adjusting structure is a roller arranged at the feeding port, the roller is provided with a material storing structure, the roller rotates and brings the raw materials in the feeding box into the material mixing processing mechanism through the material storing structure, and the control mechanism controls the rotation speed of the roller.
4. The dielectric functional gradient 3D printing wire manufacturing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the material mixing processing mechanism comprises a material mixing box communicated with the material inlet box of the material inlet mechanism, and a heating assembly and a stirring assembly arranged in the material mixing box, wherein the heating assembly is used for regulating and controlling the temperature in the material mixing box so as to melt and mix the components in the material mixing box, and the stirring assembly is used for mixing and stirring the components entering the material mixing box.
5. The apparatus for manufacturing a dielectric functionally graded 3D printing filament according to claim 4, wherein the mixing box is provided with a filament outlet, the stirring assembly comprises two stirring rods arranged in the mixing box, the two stirring rods are provided with a guiding structure, and the two stirring rods rotate to mix the components and move the components towards the filament outlet through the guiding structure.
6. The apparatus for manufacturing dielectric functionally graded 3D printing wires according to claim 1, further comprising a drawing mechanism for drawing the wires manufactured by the compounding processing mechanism, wherein the drawing mechanism is connected to the control mechanism.
7. The apparatus for manufacturing dielectric functional gradient 3D printing wires according to claim 6, wherein the drawing mechanism comprises at least two drawing rollers arranged side by side, and a drawing channel for drawing the wires is formed by enclosing between two adjacent drawing rollers.
8. The apparatus for manufacturing dielectric functionally graded 3D printed wires according to claim 1, further comprising a detection mechanism for detecting the dielectric constant of the wire, the detection mechanism being connected to the control mechanism.
9. The dielectric functionally graded 3D printing filament manufacturing device according to claim 1, further comprising a winding mechanism for winding the filament, the winding mechanism being connected to the control mechanism.
10. A method of manufacturing a dielectric functionally graded 3D printing filament, using a dielectric functionally graded 3D printing filament manufacturing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9 to manufacture a filament, the method comprising the steps of:
modeling a dielectric function gradient insulating part to be printed in a control mechanism to obtain a dielectric constant one-dimensional distribution model of the dielectric function gradient insulating part, and obtaining dielectric constant gradient distribution data of wires to be manufactured according to the distribution model;
the control mechanism regulates and controls the feeding efficiency of each feeding box in the feeding mechanism according to the dielectric constant gradient distribution data so as to ensure that the dielectric constant of the prepared wire is distributed in a preset gradient;
the control mechanism controls the material mixing and processing mechanism to process all the components and extrude the components through a wire outlet to form the wire;
the control mechanism controls the traction mechanism to traction the prepared wire;
the control mechanism controls the detection mechanism to detect the dielectric constant of the wire material;
if the detection result of the detection mechanism on the wire is unqualified, the control mechanism adjusts the feeding efficiency of each feeding box in the feeding mechanism;
if the detection result of the detection mechanism to the wire is qualified, the control mechanism controls the winding mechanism to wind the wire.
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