CN114147233B - Missile warhead shell and additive manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Missile warhead shell and additive manufacturing method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114147233B
CN114147233B CN202210123651.4A CN202210123651A CN114147233B CN 114147233 B CN114147233 B CN 114147233B CN 202210123651 A CN202210123651 A CN 202210123651A CN 114147233 B CN114147233 B CN 114147233B
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shell
powder
scanning
warhead
strength steel
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CN114147233A (en
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不公告发明人
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Beijing Yuding Additive Manufacturing Research Institute Co ltd
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Beijing Yuding Zengcai Manufacture Research Institute Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/25—Direct deposition of metal particles, e.g. direct metal deposition [DMD] or laser engineered net shaping [LENS]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/30—Process control
    • B22F10/38—Process control to achieve specific product aspects, e.g. surface smoothness, density, porosity or hollow structures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/60—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up
    • B22F10/64—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up by thermal means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
    • B33Y40/20—Post-treatment, e.g. curing, coating or polishing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/26—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with niobium or tantalum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/30—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with cobalt
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/72—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material
    • F42B12/76—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material of the casing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Abstract

The invention discloses a missile warhead shell and a material increase manufacturing method thereof, which can improve the loading capacity and the damage effect of a missile by adopting a mode of a high-strength steel/tungsten gradient material shell and high-strength steel internal support. The invention provides a method for regulating and controlling additive manufacturing process parameters of a high-strength steel/tungsten gradient material shell, which can obtain a shell with strong outside and tough inside. The invention provides a heat treatment method for a shell of a warhead part in additive manufacturing, which can further improve the performance of the shell. The invention provides a feasible manufacturing method for manufacturing the novel missile warhead shell.

Description

Missile warhead shell and additive manufacturing method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, in particular to a missile warhead shell and an additive manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The ground-drilling missile is a medicine guide which carries a penetration warhead and is used for attacking targets such as airport runways, ground reinforcing targets, underground facilities and the like. The ground-boring bullet is composed of carrier and penetration warhead, and its main damage principle is that it adopts time-delay fuse to make the carried penetration warhead not explode immediately at the moment of contacting with target, but delay explosion time, and after the penetration warhead is drilled into the target, it can explode again to increase explosion power and damage effect. The kinetic energy penetration part is the penetration part type which is most widely applied and has the highest technical maturity at present and is used in ground drilling bombs of various countries in the world. With the increase of the speed of the tail section of the missile, higher requirements are put forward for penetration of the kinetic energy to the shell of the warhead, and the shell is required to have high strength, high wear resistance and good impact resistance. The traditional warhead shell adopts a forging and welding manufacturing method, so that a complex structure cannot be manufactured, the problems of uneven materials, stress concentration and the like easily occur in a welding area, and the further improvement of the performance of the traditional warhead shell is limited.
The metal additive manufacturing technology is an advanced manufacturing technology combining a rapid prototyping technology and a metal cladding technology. In the additive manufacturing process, a high-energy heat source continuously forms a tiny molten pool, and metal raw materials in the tiny molten pool perform metallurgical reaction, so that the preparation of high-performance materials and the manufacturing of complex components can be completed in one step. The high-flexibility characteristic of the additive manufacturing technology can realize the manufacturing of high-performance non-equilibrium materials and complex structures, and the formed member has a rapid solidification non-equilibrium structure without macrosegregation and compact component uniform structure, and has excellent comprehensive mechanical properties. The additive manufacturing technology for directly manufacturing metal parts by utilizing a high-energy heat source is widely applied to the rapid manufacturing or repairing of high-performance key parts in the technologies of aviation, aerospace and national defense. Currently, additive manufacturing techniques have been used to prepare shaped articles of high temperature alloys, titanium alloys, high strength steels, metal matrix composites, intermetallic compounds, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to manufacture a novel missile warhead shell by adopting a metal additive manufacturing technology. The invention innovatively provides a novel warhead shell structure of a gradient material shell and an internal supporting structure, so that the weight of the shell can be further reduced on the premise of ensuring the strength, the explosive loading of the warhead is improved, and meanwhile, a large number of fragments are generated by the internal supporting structure part when the warhead explodes, so that the drilling depth of the penetration warhead and the missile damage capability can be greatly improved.
The technical scheme of the invention is specifically that the missile warhead shell additive manufacturing method comprises an outer shell part and an inner thin-wall supporting part, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) adopting a mode that a laser processing head generates an annular light spot and high-strength steel powder is coaxially fed in light, and carrying out layer-by-layer single-channel scanning from bottom to top along the path of the shape of the target inner thin-wall supporting part to form the inner thin-wall supporting part;
2) a laser processing head is adopted to generate annular light spots, high-strength steel powder is coaxially fed in light in one layer, and a first plurality of lap scans from inside to outside are carried out along the path of the shape of the shell part outside the target; then, a laser processing head is adopted to generate annular light spots, and a mode of coaxially feeding the high-strength steel and tungsten powder mixed powder in the light is adopted to perform second multi-pass lap scanning from inside to outside in the same layer continuously along the path of the shape of the shell part outside the target, wherein the proportion of tungsten powder in the high-strength steel and tungsten powder mixed powder of the second multi-pass lap scanning is gradually increased from the inner ring to the outer ring; then, a laser processing head is adopted to generate annular light spots, tungsten powder is coaxially fed in the light in the same layer, and a third plurality of lap-joint scanning from inside to outside is carried out continuously along the path of the shape of the shell part outside the target; thereby completing a one-layer scan of the target outer shell portion.
3) Repeating step 2) from bottom to top along the path of the shape of the target outer shell portion until scanning of all outer shell portions is completed;
4) and carrying out heat treatment on the shell of the warhead of the missile.
Further preferably, a powder mixing part is arranged in the laser processing head, and a plurality of layers of powder discs which are arranged in parallel and are uniformly distributed with through holes are arranged in the powder mixing part.
More preferably, the high-strength steel comprises, by mass, 0.17-0.21% of C, 6.3-6.5% of Cr, 7-7.5% of Co, 3-3.2% of Mo, 0.55-0.7% of V, 0.7-1.2% of Nb, and the balance of Fe.
Preferably, in the step 1), the diameter of the light spot is 1-1.5 mm, the scanning speed is 300-400 mm/min, the laser power is 1500-2500W, and the powder feeding amount is 300-450 g/h.
Further preferably, in the step 2), the diameter of a light spot is 1.5-2.5 mm, the scanning speed is 300-400 mm/min, the powder feeding amount is 450-750 g/h, and the lap joint rate is 40-50%; laser power P of the first multi-channel lap joint scanning0Is 2500-3500W, and the laser power P = P of the second multi-channel lapping scanning0+nP0w, wherein w is the tungsten content in the high-strength steel and tungsten powder mixed powder of the scanning current circle, and n is the tungsten powder empirical coefficient, and the value is 2.25-2.35.
Further preferably, the heat treatment in the step 4) is that the shell of the warhead of the missile is heated to 1200 ℃ along with a furnace and is kept for 1 hour to be completely austenitized, and then quenching is carried out; after quenching, the steel is heated to 455 ℃ and is kept warm for 3.5 hours.
Further preferably, when the thickness of the shell of the warhead of the missile is less than 20mm, quenching is carried out on the part by adopting low-temperature nitrogen at high speed; when the size of the shell of the warhead of the missile is larger, oil quenching is adopted for quenching.
Further preferably, in the outer shell portion, the high-strength steel portion accounts for 15% to 20%, the gradient portion accounts for 50% to 60%, and the tungsten portion accounts for 25% to 30% in terms of the thickness ratio.
The invention also provides a novel missile warhead shell which is prepared by the additive manufacturing method.
Compared with the prior art, the novel missile warhead shell is manufactured by adopting a metal additive manufacturing technology, a novel warhead shell structure of an outer shell part and an inner thin-wall supporting part made of gradient materials is innovatively provided, the weight of the shell can be further reduced on the premise of ensuring the strength, the explosive loading of the warhead is improved, meanwhile, a large number of fragments are generated by the inner supporting part when the warhead explodes, and the drilling depth of the penetration warhead and the missile damage capacity can be greatly improved. Meanwhile, the novel high-strength steel/tungsten gradient material is researched and developed, the high-strength steel and tungsten are well combined, the surface of the housing of the penetration warhead has extremely high wear resistance and strength, and the interior of the housing has good toughness and impact resistance. In addition, the invention provides a novel heat treatment system of the warhead shell, which can promote the precipitation of fine carbides and improve the strength and hardness.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of the missile warhead housing of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the missile warhead housing of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an additive manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a powder mixing section inside the laser processing head of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a heat treatment process diagram of the additive manufactured missile warhead hull of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
Specifically, the additive manufacturing method of the missile warhead shell is implemented by the following method:
fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the shell of the warhead of the missile of the invention, as shown in fig. 1, the whole structure is similar to that of the traditional penetration warhead, but the outer wall thickness is reduced, and the inner space is enlarged. Fig. 2 is a schematic transverse sectional view of the shell of the warhead of the missile of the invention, and as shown in fig. 2, a thin-wall support part structure is added in the shell, so that the drilling depth can be increased, and the loading capacity can be increased. When the warhead explodes, the internal thin-wall supporting part can generate a large number of small fragments, so that the damage effect is enhanced. The inner thin-wall supporting part is made of high-strength steel, and the outer shell is made of high-strength steel/tungsten gradient material.
The traditional high-strength steel generally has high carbon content and is easy to crack in the solidification process, and qualified spherical powder cannot be prepared by using a rotary electrode atomization method, so that the high-strength steel is difficult to be used as a raw material for laser additive manufacturing. The invention researches novel high-strength steel YDS015 special for additive manufacturing (the components of the high-strength steel YDS015 are shown in Table 1), and spherical powder with uniform particle size and good surface state is prepared, wherein Cr is added to facilitate the improvement of hardenability and corrosion resistance to a certain degree, Nb and V elements are introduced to form a fine carbide phase so as to further improve the strength and the impact resistance of the steel, and Mo is added to form special dispersion-distributed secondary hardening carbide during tempering so as to improve the wear resistance; co and Mo are added simultaneously, so that the stability of the martensite of the alloy in thermal decomposition can be improved, the red hardness of the steel can be improved, and the strength can be maintained at high temperature generated when the warhead is penetrated and attacked. The special high-strength steel YDS015 is mainly used as a material for an internal supporting thin-wall part.
Table 1 high strength steel YDS015 powder chemical composition (% by mass)
C Cr Co Mo V Nb Fe
0.17-0.21 6.3-6.5 7-7.5 3-3.2 0.55-0.7 0.7-1.2 Bal.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a novel missile warhead shell material increase manufacturing device, a main body adopts a three-axis numerical control machine tool, the machine tool is provided with an inert atmosphere forming gun, a laser processing head 1 forms an annular light spot through a focusing lens through a special light path, and the diameter of the light spot can reach 1mm at least. The invention adopts the mode of optical-internal coaxial powder feeding, the powder is almost free from scattering, the coupling stability of light and powder is much better than that of optical-external multi-path coaxial powder feeding, and simultaneously, the waste of powder is greatly reduced, the surface quality is improved, and the forming precision is improved. Meanwhile, the powder mixing device (the structure is shown in figure 4) is integrated in the laser processing head, high-strength steel powder and tungsten powder are simultaneously fed through the high-strength steel powder feeding pipe 2 and the tungsten powder feeding pipe 3, and the powder disc with the small holes in the powder mixing device rotates at a high speed, so that the high-strength steel powder and the tungsten powder can be fully mixed. In this way, a member having a uniform structure and composition can be obtained during molding.
When the material increase manufacturing of the inner thin-wall supporting part is carried out, scanning is carried out on the inner thin-wall supporting part from bottom to top layer by layer along a path of a target shape, the inner thin-wall supporting part adopts a single-channel scanning mode, the diameter of a light spot is 1-1.5 mm, the scanning speed is 300-400 mm/min, the laser power is 1500-2500W, and the powder feeding amount is 300-450 g/h.
The outer shell part is also scanned from the lowest layer by adopting a multi-channel lapping scanning mode from inside to outside along a path of a target shape, the diameter of a light spot is 1.5-2.5 mm, the scanning speed is 300-400 mm/min, the powder feeding amount is 450-750 g/h, and the lapping rate is 40-50%. When the outer shell is formed by adopting a gradient material, the key point is the matching of the mixing proportion of the steel powder and the tungsten powder and the laser power. When scanning from inside to outside, firstly sending high-strength steel powder, scanning corresponding turns according to the size design requirement of the outer shell part, and then, obtaining the laser power P0Selecting 2500-3500W. And then scanning the steel/tungsten gradient material part, wherein the tungsten steel proportion is increased according to the scanning turns, each turn is sequentially increased according to the proportion, and the tungsten powder and the steel powder fed into the powder mixing device are regulated and controlled by controlling the quantity of the tungsten powder and the steel powder. At this time, higher energy is required for powder melting due to the addition of tungsten, and thus the laser power is also increased accordingly. The laser power P and tungsten content w per turn have the following experienceThe formula: p = P0+nP0w
In the formula, P0The laser power selected for scanning the high-strength steel part, n is the empirical coefficient generated by adding tungsten, and is generally 2.25-2.35. The parameter is an empirical parameter summarized by a plurality of tests, if the laser power is too low, the tungsten powder and the steel powder cannot be completely melted, and if the laser power is too high, the steel powder is partially gasified to influence the forming effect. When the tungsten content reaches 100%, the laser power reaches the maximum value, the scanning is continuously carried out by keeping the laser power, and finally the high-strength steel part accounts for 15% -20%, the gradient part accounts for 50% -60% and the tungsten part accounts for 25% -30% of the whole outer shell part in terms of the thickness ratio.
After the additive manufacturing is completed, the shell needs to be subjected to heat treatment, and the heat treatment schedule is shown in fig. 5. Firstly, heating to 1200 ℃ along with the furnace, preserving heat for 1h to ensure that the steel is completely austenitized, and then quenching. When the shell with smaller size is quenched, the part can be cooled by adopting high-speed low-temperature nitrogen, and the cracking and deformation of the part can be reduced to a certain extent while a certain cooling speed is kept. The shell with larger size cannot be uniformly cooled by adopting an air cooling mode and cannot reach the required cooling speed, and oil quenching is adopted for treatment. After quenching is finished, heating to 455 ℃ and preserving heat for 3.5 hours, wherein martensite is transformed into tempered martensite on one hand, toughness is improved, and on the other hand, fine carbides are promoted to be dispersed and separated out in a matrix, and strength and hardness are improved.
In conclusion, the invention adopts a metal additive manufacturing technology, can realize the manufacturing of a novel missile warhead shell, and adopts a mode of a high-strength steel/tungsten gradient material shell and internal support, so that the loading capacity and the damage effect of the missile can be improved. The invention provides a method for regulating and controlling additive manufacturing process parameters of a high-strength steel/tungsten gradient material shell, which can obtain a shell with strong outside and tough inside. The invention provides a heat treatment method for a shell of a warhead part in additive manufacturing, which can further improve the performance of the shell. The invention provides a feasible manufacturing method for manufacturing the novel missile warhead shell.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims (9)

1. A material increase manufacturing method of a missile warhead shell, wherein the missile warhead shell comprises an outer shell part and an inner thin-wall supporting part, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) adopting a mode that a laser processing head generates an annular light spot and high-strength steel powder is coaxially fed in light, and carrying out layer-by-layer single-channel scanning from bottom to top along the path of the shape of the target inner thin-wall supporting part to form the inner thin-wall supporting part;
2) a laser processing head is adopted to generate annular light spots, high-strength steel powder is coaxially fed in light in one layer, and a first plurality of lap scans from inside to outside are carried out along the path of the shape of the shell part outside the target; then, a laser processing head is adopted to generate annular light spots, and a mode of coaxially feeding the high-strength steel and tungsten powder mixed powder in the light is adopted to perform second multi-pass lap scanning from inside to outside in the same layer continuously along the path of the shape of the shell part outside the target, wherein the proportion of tungsten powder in the high-strength steel and tungsten powder mixed powder of the second multi-pass lap scanning is gradually increased from the inner ring to the outer ring; then, a laser processing head is adopted to generate annular light spots, tungsten powder is coaxially fed in the light in the same layer, and a third plurality of lap-joint scanning from inside to outside is carried out continuously along the path of the shape of the shell part outside the target; thereby completing a scan of one layer of the target outer shell portion;
3) repeating step 2) from bottom to top along the path of the shape of the target outer shell portion until scanning of all outer shell portions is completed;
4) and carrying out heat treatment on the shell of the warhead of the missile.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the laser processing head is internally provided with a powder mixing part, and a plurality of layers of powder discs with uniformly distributed through holes are arranged in parallel in the powder mixing part.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the high strength steel comprises, by mass, 0.17 to 0.21% C, 6.3 to 6.5% Cr, 7 to 7.5% Co, 3 to 3.2% Mo, 0.55 to 0.7% V, 0.7 to 1.2% Nb, and the balance Fe.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the diameter of the light spot is 1-1.5 mm, the scanning speed is 300-400 mm/min, the laser power is 1500-2500W, and the powder feeding amount is 300-450 g/h.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2), the diameter of a light spot is 1.5-2.5 mm, the scanning speed is 300-400 mm/min, the powder feeding amount is 450-750 g/h, and the overlapping rate is 40-50%; laser power P of the first multi-channel lap joint scanning0Is 2500-3500W, and the laser power P = P of the second multi-channel lapping scanning0+nP0w, wherein w is the tungsten content in the high-strength steel and tungsten powder mixed powder of the scanning current circle, and n is the tungsten powder empirical coefficient, and the value is 2.25-2.35.
6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heat treatment of step 4) is carried out by first heating the missile warhead shell to 1200 ℃ along with the furnace and keeping the temperature for 1h to make the shell fully austenitized, and then quenching; after quenching, the steel is heated to 455 ℃ and is kept warm for 3.5 hours.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein quenching uses cryogenic nitrogen to rapidly cool the part when the missile warhead hull thickness is less than 20 mm; when the size of the shell of the warhead of the missile is larger, oil quenching is adopted for quenching.
8. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the outer shell portion, the high-strength steel portion accounts for 15 to 20%, the gradient portion accounts for 50 to 60%, and the tungsten portion accounts for 25 to 30% in terms of thickness ratio.
9. A novel missile warhead shell prepared by the additive manufacturing method of any one of claims 1 to 8.
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CN115055686B (en) * 2022-08-17 2022-11-08 北京煜鼎增材制造研究院有限公司 Tungsten particle reinforced high-entropy alloy warhead and additive manufacturing method thereof

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