CN114145222A - Design method of ecological floating island of cultural tourist attraction with water quality purification function - Google Patents
Design method of ecological floating island of cultural tourist attraction with water quality purification function Download PDFInfo
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- CN114145222A CN114145222A CN202111330473.4A CN202111330473A CN114145222A CN 114145222 A CN114145222 A CN 114145222A CN 202111330473 A CN202111330473 A CN 202111330473A CN 114145222 A CN114145222 A CN 114145222A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/08—Chemical Oxygen Demand [COD]; Biological Oxygen Demand [BOD]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/10—Solids, e.g. total solids [TS], total suspended solids [TSS] or volatile solids [VS]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/22—O2
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Hydroponics (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental engineering, and particularly discloses a design method of a cultural tourist attraction ecological floating island with a water quality purification effect, which comprises the following specific steps: determining the terrain and climate characteristics of a designed floating island area; selecting a floating island structure, shape and scale; selecting a floating island carrier; selecting floating island plants; step five, installing a floating island; step six, fixing the floating island; seventhly, transplanting the floating island plants; and step eight, maintenance and management. The ecological floating island designed by the invention can be combined according to the design shape of the biological floating island, the floating island is complete in integrity, firm in structure and convenient to disassemble, assemble and maintain, and aquatic plants can be flexibly selected according to local conditions, so that the ecological floating island not only can provide places for activities such as baiting, predation, spawning reproduction, inhabitation and the like of filter-feeding fishes, but also can play roles in purifying water quality and beautifying the environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental engineering, in particular to a design method of a cultural tourist attraction ecological floating island with a water quality purification function.
Background
The ecological floating island is also called an artificial floating bed, an ecological floating bed and the like; the artificial floating island is one of artificial floating islands, can degrade COD, nitrogen and phosphorus in water by using an ecological engineering principle aiming at eutrophic water quality, takes aquatic plants as a main body, applies a soilless culture technical principle, takes high polymer materials and the like as carriers and substrates, applies the symbiotic relationship among species, and fully utilizes a water space ecological niche and a nutrition ecological niche, thereby establishing a high-efficiency artificial ecological system for reducing pollution load in water. It can greatly raise water transparency, and can effectively improve water quality index, specially has good inhibiting effect for algae. The ecological floating island has the main effect of purifying water quality by absorbing eutrophic substances, such as total phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen, organic matters and the like, in water by using the root system of plants, so that the nutrition of the water body is transferred, and the phenomena of fishy smell and eutrophication of the water body caused by the insufficient sealing or self-circulation of the water body are reduced.
The ecological floating island has comprehensive functions of purifying water quality, creating living space of organisms, improving landscape and the like, is generally used for ecological restoration of water pollution in cities and rural areas, and is also used for building urban wetland scenic spots and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a design method of a cultural tourist attraction ecological floating island with the function of purifying water quality, the designed ecological floating island can be combined according to the design shape of a biological floating island, the floating island is integrated, the structure is firm, the assembly, disassembly and maintenance are convenient, aquatic plants can be flexibly selected according to local conditions, not only can provide places for activities such as baiting, predation, spawning reproduction, inhabitation and the like of filter-feeding fishes, but also can play a role in purifying water quality and beautifying the environment, and the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a design method of a cultural tourist attraction ecological floating island with a water quality purification function comprises the following specific steps:
determining the terrain and climate characteristics of a designed floating island area;
selecting a floating island structure, shape and scale;
selecting a floating island carrier;
selecting floating island plants;
step five, installing a floating island;
step six, fixing the floating island;
seventhly, transplanting the floating island plants;
and step eight, maintenance and management.
The method comprises the following steps that firstly, positions and shapes of a designed floating island region need to be surveyed in a cultural tourist attraction area, the peripheral topography of the designed floating island region, the shape of the designed floating island region, the climate characteristics of the environment where the designed floating island region is located and the water quality characteristics of the designed floating island region are determined, meanwhile, specific parameters of the designed floating island region, such as length, width, water depth and the like, are measured by using a measuring tool, and a plan view of the designed floating island region is drawn according to the measured parameters.
Preferably, in the second step, the structure, shape and scale of the floating island are determined according to the specific parameters obtained by measurement in the first step and the drawn plan, the floating island is selected according to the aesthetics, rationality and economy, the requirements on stable structure, durability, convenience in transportation and easiness in splicing are met, and the area of a single floating island is 2-5m2And the total cover is 25-30% of the water surface.
Preferably, the floating island carriers selected in the third step follow the principle of pollution-free, durable and economic material selection, and include but are not limited to PVC pipes, foam, bamboo, wood, waste tires and concrete.
Preferably, the floating island plants are selected in the fourth step according to the principles of biological diversity and landscape beautification, the selected plants are perennial aquatic plants suitable for growth of water quality conditions of a water system, the roots are developed, the rootstock tillering reproductive capacity is strong, the residues are not easy to rot rapidly, and the selected plants also have strong pollution control and purification potential.
Preferably, the specific process of installing the floating island in the fifth step is as follows: firstly, assembling and building a carrier, then fixing the floating island structure and the carrier by using ropes, then paving a non-woven fabric with a capillary water absorption function on the floating island structure, and then paving a layer of artificial matrix of 3-5cm on the non-woven fabric.
Preferably, the floating island is fixed in the sixth step by adopting a gravity type or an anchoring type, so that the floating island is not taken away by wind waves, and the mutual collision between the floating island and the floating island can be buffered.
Preferably, the specific transplanting mode of the floating island plants in the sixth step is as follows: removing the soil medium of the plant roots, arranging the plant roots, and planting the plants into the artificial substrate on the floating island structure.
Preferably, the maintenance and management in the step eight includes maintenance and repair of a floating island structure and a floating island carrier, and daily management of floating island plants, and the daily management of the floating island plants includes fertigation, additional planting and plant changing, and pest control.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a design method of the ecological floating island of the cultural tourist attraction with the function of purifying water quality, which has the following beneficial effects:
this ecological chinampa can make up according to the design shape of biological chinampa, and chinampa wholeness is complete, and sound construction, dismouting maintenance is convenient, and aquatic plant can select for use according to the local condition is nimble, not only can provide the place for the activities such as taking a bait, predation, spawning reproduction, perching of filter-feeding fish, can also play the effect of purifying water quality, beautify the environment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a design method of an ecological floating island of a cultural tourist attraction with the function of purifying water quality.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a design method of an ecological floating island of a cultural tourist attraction with water purification function includes the following steps:
determining the terrain and climate characteristics of a designed floating island area;
selecting a floating island structure, shape and scale;
selecting a floating island carrier;
selecting floating island plants;
step five, installing a floating island;
step six, fixing the floating island;
seventhly, transplanting the floating island plants;
and step eight, maintenance and management.
And furthermore, surveying the position and the shape of a designed floating island region in a cultural tourist attraction area, determining the peripheral topography of the designed floating island region, the shape of the designed floating island region, the climate characteristic of the environment where the designed floating island region is located and the water quality characteristic of the designed floating island region, measuring specific parameters of the designed floating island region, such as length, width, water depth and the like by using a measuring tool, and drawing a plan view of the designed floating island region according to the measured parameters.
Furthermore, in the step two, the structure, the shape and the scale of the floating island are determined according to the specific parameters obtained by measurement in the step one and the drawn plan, the floating island is selected according to the attractiveness, the reasonability and the economy, the stable structure, the durability, the convenience in transportation and the easiness in splicing are also met, and the area of a single floating island is 2-5m2And the total cover is 25-30% of the water surface.
Further, the floating island carriers selected in the third step are selected according to the pollution-free, durable and economic material selection principle, and include but are not limited to PVC pipes, foams, bamboos, wood, waste tires and concrete.
Furthermore, the floating island plants are selected in the fourth step according to the principles of biological diversity and landscape beautification, the selected plants are perennial aquatic plants suitable for the growth of water quality conditions of a water system, the roots are developed, the rootstock tillering reproductive capacity is strong, the residues are not easy to rot rapidly, and the selected floating island plants also have strong pollution control and purification potential.
The purification principle is as follows: the method is characterized in that a dense net is formed in water by utilizing plant roots with large surface area, a large amount of suspended matters in water can be filtered and adsorbed, an oxygen-enriched environment is formed, in addition, a biological film is gradually formed on the surface of the plant roots, microbes in the root film not only generate polysaccharide and effectively adsorb the suspended matters in the water, but also can phagocytose and metabolize pollutants in the water, the suspended matters are converted into inorganic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus and organic pollutants in the water are reduced through the absorption or adsorption of the root system of the plant, the nitrogen, phosphorus and organic pollutants are converted into nutrient substances of the plant, the nutrient substances are converted into components of plant cells through photosynthesis to promote the growth of the plant cells, and finally, the nutrient substances in the water are reduced through harvesting floating island plants and capturing fishes and shrimps; the floating island reduces the growth amount of phytoplankton by shading the photosynthesis of sunlight inhibition algae, promotes the settlement of the phytoplankton through contact precipitation, effectively prevents the occurrence of 'water bloom', improves the transparency of water, has more obvious effect relative to the former, and the plant on the floating island can be used for birds to inhabit simultaneously, and the lower part plant root system forms the living environment of fish and aquatic insects.
Further, the concrete process of installing the floating island in the fifth step is as follows: firstly, assembling and building a carrier, then fixing the floating island structure and the carrier by using ropes, then paving a non-woven fabric with a capillary water absorption function on the floating island structure, and then paving a layer of artificial matrix of 3-5cm on the non-woven fabric.
Furthermore, the floating island is fixed in the sixth step in a gravity type or anchoring type, so that the floating island is not taken away by wind waves, and the mutual collision between the floating island and the floating island can be buffered.
Further, the specific transplanting mode of the floating island plants in the sixth step is as follows: removing the soil medium of the plant roots, arranging the plant roots, and planting the plants into the artificial substrate on the floating island structure.
And further, in the step eight, the maintenance management comprises maintenance of the floating island structure and the floating island carrier and daily management of the floating island plants, wherein the daily management of the floating island plants comprises irrigation fertilization, additional planting and plant change and pest control.
Irrigation and fertilization: reasonable irrigation and fertilization are carried out according to the growth and flowering characteristics of plants, the water spraying amount per day is slightly larger than the transpiration amount of the type with the specification in the season lacking of rainwater, the fertilizers are mainly fertilized for 2-3 times in spring and autumn every year, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are properly applied after flower buds are differentiated to ensure that the flowers are colorful and bright and the flowering period is long, the fertilizers cannot be exposed, and a water application method can be adopted.
Replanting and replanting: the dead seedlings are cleaned in time, the replanting is carried out for one week as the original type, the specification is required to be close to the original plant, so that the excellent landscape effect is ensured, the replanting is carried out according to the planting rule, the base fertilizer is applied sufficiently, the maintenance measures such as water spraying and the like are enhanced, and the survival rate is ensured to be achieved.
And (3) pest control: the prevention and control work of plant diseases and insect pests is well done in time, the prevention is taken as the main, the management and the cultivation are elaborately carried out, the plant disease and insect resistance is enhanced, the plant disease and insect resistance is frequently checked, the early treatment is realized, and the plant diseases and insect pests are prevented from spreading and influencing the plant growth by adopting the methods of comprehensive prevention and control, chemical prevention and control, physical artificial prevention and control, biological prevention and control and the like.
Examples
Surveying the position and shape of a designed floating island region in a cultural tourist attraction, determining the peripheral topography of the designed floating island region, the shape of the designed floating island region, the climatic characteristics of the environment where the designed floating island region is located and the water quality characteristics of the designed floating island region, measuring specific parameters of the designed floating island region, such as length, width, water depth and the like by using a measuring tool, drawing a plane diagram of the designed floating island region according to the measurement parameters, and selecting the structure, shape and scale of the floating island according to the measurement parameters and the drawn plane diagramControlling the area of a single floating island to be 2-5m2The whole size of the floating island covers 25-30% of the water surface, then a pollution-free, durable and more economic floating island carrier is selected according to the parameter requirements, selecting floating island plant species according to factors such as local climate characteristics, water systems and the like in combination with biological diversity and attractiveness, then assembling and constructing a floating island carrier, fixing the floating island structure and the carrier by using ropes, then, non-woven fabrics with capillary water absorption function are laid on the floating island structure, then a layer of artificial substrate of 3-5cm is laid on the non-woven fabrics, the floating island is fixed by adopting gravity type or anchoring type, plants are planted in the artificial substrate on the floating island structure after the floating island is fixed, the ecological floating island design is completed, in later use, the floating island structure and the floating island carrier need to be overhauled, and meanwhile, daily management such as irrigation fertilization, additional planting and plant change, pest control and the like needs to be carried out on the floating island plants.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. A design method of a cultural tourist attraction ecological floating island with the function of purifying water quality is characterized in that: the method comprises the following specific steps:
determining the terrain and climate characteristics of a designed floating island area;
selecting a floating island structure, shape and scale;
selecting a floating island carrier;
selecting floating island plants;
step five, installing a floating island;
step six, fixing the floating island;
seventhly, transplanting the floating island plants;
and step eight, maintenance and management.
The method comprises the following steps that firstly, positions and shapes of a designed floating island region need to be surveyed in a cultural tourist attraction area, the peripheral topography of the designed floating island region, the shape of the designed floating island region, the climate characteristics of the environment where the designed floating island region is located and the water quality characteristics of the designed floating island region are determined, meanwhile, specific parameters of the designed floating island region, such as length, width, water depth and the like, are measured by using a measuring tool, and a plan view of the designed floating island region is drawn according to the measured parameters.
2. The design method of the ecological floating island of the cultural tourist attraction with the function of purifying water quality as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in the second step, the structure, the shape and the scale of the floating island are determined according to the specific parameters obtained by measurement in the first step and the drawn plan, the floating island is selected according to the attractiveness, the reasonability and the economy, the stable structure, the durability, the convenience in transportation and the easiness in splicing are also met, and the area of a single floating island is 2-5m2And the total cover is 25-30% of the water surface.
3. The design method of the ecological floating island of the cultural tourist attraction with the function of purifying water quality as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: and selecting floating island carriers in the third step according to the pollution-free, durable and economic material selection principle, wherein the floating island carriers comprise but are not limited to PVC pipes, foam, bamboo, wood, waste tires and concrete.
4. The design method of the ecological floating island of the cultural tourist attraction with the function of purifying water quality as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the method is characterized in that the principles of biodiversity and landscape beautification are followed when the floating island plants are selected in the fourth step, the selected plants are perennial aquatic plants suitable for growth of water quality conditions of a water system, the roots are developed, the rootstock tillering reproductive capacity is strong, the residues are not easy to rot rapidly, and the selected floating island plants also have strong pollution control and purification potential.
5. The design method of the ecological floating island of the cultural tourist attraction with the function of purifying water quality as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the concrete process of installing the floating island in the fifth step is as follows: firstly, assembling and building a carrier, then fixing the floating island structure and the carrier by using ropes, then paving a non-woven fabric with a capillary water absorption function on the floating island structure, and then paving a layer of artificial matrix of 3-5cm on the non-woven fabric.
6. The design method of the ecological floating island of the cultural tourist attraction with the function of purifying water quality as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: and in the sixth step, the floating island is fixed in a gravity type or an anchoring type, so that the floating island is not taken away by wind waves, and the mutual collision between the floating island and the floating island can be buffered.
7. The design method of the ecological floating island of the cultural tourist attraction with the function of purifying water quality as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the specific mode of the floating island plant transplantation in the sixth step is as follows: removing the soil medium of the plant roots, arranging the plant roots, and planting the plants into the artificial substrate on the floating island structure.
8. The design method of the ecological floating island of the cultural tourist attraction with the function of purifying water quality as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: and step eight, maintenance management comprises maintenance of the floating island structure and the floating island carrier and daily management of the floating island plants, wherein the daily management of the floating island plants comprises irrigation fertilization, additional planting and plant change and pest control.
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| CN103896403A (en) * | 2014-03-24 | 2014-07-02 | 云南今业生态建设集团有限公司 | Weight-bearing business type floating island and construction method |
| CN107673477A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-02-09 | 北方民族大学 | A kind of method that river course artificial swamp is built using artificial floating island |
| CN112479383A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2021-03-12 | 西南科技大学 | River and lake shoreline aquatic ecosystem and water quality improvement method thereof |
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2021
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