CN114144053A - Composite wave absorber with dual dynamic regulation and control functions and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Composite wave absorber with dual dynamic regulation and control functions and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 43
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- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K9/00—Screening of apparatus or components against electric or magnetic fields
- H05K9/0073—Shielding materials
- H05K9/0075—Magnetic shielding materials
- H05K9/0077—Magnetic shielding materials comprising superconductors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q17/00—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems
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Abstract
The invention relates to a composite wave absorber with dual dynamic regulation and control functions, a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of wave absorber preparation. The invention discloses a composite wave absorber with dual dynamic regulation, wherein the wave absorber is provided with a plurality of periodic array wave absorbing units in the horizontal and vertical directions, the wave absorbing units are composed of a metal super surface, a medium layer formed by magnetorheological rubber materials and a metal back plate with the depth larger than the skin depth of incident waves from top to bottom, firstly, a magnetron sputtering method is utilized to construct a super surface resonance unit, the constructed super surface is provided with a resonance opening and a reserved position for welding an active device, and the resonance frequency and the equivalent impedance can be conveniently adjusted by changing the parameters of the active device; secondly, the magneto-rheological adhesive is used as a dielectric layer, so that certain loss capacity is provided, the absorption performance is improved, and the electromagnetic parameters of the dielectric layer are dynamically adjusted by regulating and controlling the appearance and the appearance of the magneto-rheological adhesive through a magnetic field.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wave absorber preparation, and relates to a composite wave absorber with dual dynamic regulation and control functions, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the development and advancement of the information age, electromagnetic waves are used as carriers of information and spread throughout the whole living space of human beings, so that wave-absorbing materials are concerned in both basic research and engineering application fields, especially in the military field. The wave-absorbing material is a material which absorbs incident electromagnetic waves, converts the incident electromagnetic waves into energy in other forms and is lost. The traditional wave-absorbing material effectively converts incident electromagnetic waves into energy in other forms based on the electromagnetic characteristics of the material, so as to complete the absorption of the electromagnetic waves. The wave-absorbing performance of the material mainly depends on two parameters, namely dielectric constant and magnetic permeability.
The electromagnetic metamaterial serving as a novel artificially designed artificial composite material has unique electromagnetic characteristics, can obtain properties which are not possessed by natural materials, such as negative magnetic permeability, negative dielectric constant and the like, realizes free and efficient control of incident electromagnetic waves, and becomes a research hotspot of physics, materials science and electromagnetism. Since the wave absorber of the metamaterial proposed by Landy.N.I. 2008, the metamaterial is gradually widely researched in the field of electromagnetic wave absorption. The medium layer of the metamaterial wave absorber reported at present is basically made of conventional loss type materials, such as epoxy resin (FR-4), polyester resin (PET) and other materials, the loss mechanism of the wave absorber formed by the metamaterial wave absorber mostly depends on the dielectric loss of the materials, the material is generally thick and heavy, the absorption frequency is relatively fixed, and the metamaterial wave absorber is difficult to adapt to new requirements in the fields of light weight equipment, such as aerospace, military stealth/reconnaissance and the like.
Therefore, the research and development of the wave-absorbing material with higher wave-absorbing performance, thinner material thickness and dynamically adjustable absorption frequency range has important value.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a composite wave absorber with dual dynamic regulation; the second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the composite wave absorber with dual dynamic regulation; the invention also aims to provide the application of the composite wave absorber with double dynamic regulation and control in the aspects of electromagnetic shielding or military stealth.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
1. a composite wave absorbing body with double dynamic regulation and control functions is provided with a plurality of wave absorbing units in periodic arrays in the horizontal and vertical directions, and each wave absorbing unit is composed of a metal super surface, a medium layer formed by magnetorheological rubber materials and a metal back plate with the depth larger than the skin depth of incident waves from top to bottom.
Preferably, the working frequency of the composite wave absorber is 2-18 GHz.
Preferably, the metal super surface is of a periodic resonance unit structure, the metal super surface is of a centrosymmetric structure, and the centers of the metal super surface, the dielectric layer and the metal back plate are overlapped;
the metallic meta-surface includes a resonating ring having an opening and an active device introduced at the opening of the resonating ring.
Further preferably, the active device is any one or more of a capacitor, an inductor or a diode, and the active device is a surface mount package.
Preferably, the magnetorheological rubber material has an electromagnetic wave absorption function; the magnetorheological rubber material is specifically an MRE material.
Preferably, the metal of the metal back plate is a metal thin film formed by a good conductor, and the metal is any one of copper or aluminum.
Preferably, the metal super-surface and the metal back plate have equal thickness; the dielectric layer and the metal back plate are cuboids with the same length and width.
2. The preparation method of the composite wave absorber comprises the following steps:
(1) sputtering metal on one surface of a dielectric layer formed by magnetorheological rubber materials by a magnetron sputtering method, and introducing a mask plate to form a patterned metal super surface on the dielectric layer;
(2) attaching the metal back plate to the other surface of the medium layer through an adhesive to obtain a wave absorbing unit;
(3) the wave absorbing units are arranged periodically in the horizontal and vertical directions to form a light and efficient composite wave absorber.
3. The composite wave absorber is applied to electromagnetic shielding or military stealth.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention discloses a composite wave absorber with double dynamic regulation and control and a preparation method thereof, wherein the wave absorber is provided with a plurality of wave absorbing units in a periodic array in the horizontal and vertical directions, each wave absorbing unit is composed of a metal super surface, a medium layer composed of magnetorheological rubber materials and a metal back plate with the depth larger than the skin depth of incident waves from top to bottom, firstly, a magnetron sputtering method is utilized to construct a super surface resonance unit, and the constructed super surface is provided with a resonance opening and a reserved position for welding an active device, so that the resonance frequency and the equivalent impedance can be conveniently adjusted by changing the parameters of the active device; secondly, rheological rubber is used as a dielectric layer, so that certain loss capacity is provided, the absorption performance is improved, and the electromagnetic parameters of the dielectric layer are dynamically adjusted by regulating and controlling the appearance and the appearance of a magnetic field. The composite wave absorber has better absorption performance within 2-18 GHz.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out hereinafter.
Drawings
For the purposes of promoting a better understanding of the objects, aspects and advantages of the invention, reference will now be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a composite absorber with dual dynamic regulation prepared in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the composite absorber with dual dynamic modulation prepared in example 1;
fig. 3 is a top view of the wave absorbing unit prepared in example 1;
FIG. 4 is a two-dimensional plan view of the composite absorber prepared in example 1;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart illustrating the preparation of a dielectric layer composed of a magnetorheological rubber material in example 1;
FIG. 6 is a graph comparing the reflection curves of the composite absorber prepared in example 1 under different applied magnetic fields;
FIG. 7 is a graph comparing the reflection curves of composite absorbers containing active devices of different parameters prepared in example 2;
wherein 1 is a super surface, 2 is a dielectric layer, 3 is a metal back plate, 4 is a first active device, 5 is a second active device, 6 is a third active device, 7 is a fourth active device, h is the thickness of the super surface and the metal back plate, t is the height of the dielectric layer, and p is the side length of the dielectric layer formed by the magnetorheological rubber material.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention in a schematic way, and the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
Example 1
The preparation method of the composite wave absorber with dual dynamic regulation comprises the following steps:
(1) the method comprises the steps that a circular ring with a cross in the middle is symmetrically provided with four openings on the circular ring, patch-type packaged active devices are arranged at the four openings to form a super-surface material and are respectively a first active device, a second active device, a third active device and a fourth active device, the four active devices are completely the same, in the embodiment, the active devices are resistors and capacitors which are connected in parallel, wherein the resistance value of the resistors is 1000 omega, and the capacitance value of the resistors is 0.5 pF.
(2) Preparing a medium layer composed of magnetorheological rubber materials: firstly, weighing a certain amount of MWCNTs, adding N-hexane (N-hexane) into the MWCNTs in an amount which can completely wet the MWCNTs, and stirring the mixture fully and then utilizing ultrasonic oscillation to disperse the mixture; after N-hexane is evaporated, MWCNTs and an A component (the components are poly-methylinylsiloxane prepolymer and a trace platinum catalyst) of PDMS (Dow Corning 184 silicon rubber matrix, also called D-silicon rubber for short) are mixed, after full stirring, an ultrasonic oscillator is used for vibrating to enable carbonyl iron powder to be uniformly distributed in the rubber, and then a B component (the components are prepolymer with vinyl side chains and a cross-linking agent poly-methylisoloxane)) of PDMS and a proper amount of carbonyl iron powder are added and fully stirred. And then placing the film in a vacuum drier for vacuumizing and defoaming, standing, pouring the film into a mold made of an aluminum alloy material, placing the mold in an electromagnet, and curing and molding the film for 90min under a magnetic field of 200mT to obtain the anisotropic magneto-rheological rubber dielectric layer MRE film (the side length is 8mm, and the height is 1.5 mm).
(3) Sputtering the super-surface material on one surface of a dielectric layer formed by the magnetorheological rubber material in a magnetron sputtering mode, and introducing a mask to form a patterned metal super-surface on the dielectric layer;
(4) preparing a wave absorbing unit: attaching the metal back plate to the other surface of the dielectric layer through an adhesive (UV glue) to obtain a wave-absorbing unit;
(5) preparing a composite wave absorber: the 25 wave absorbing units are arranged periodically in the horizontal direction and the 25 wave absorbing units are arranged periodically in the vertical direction to form a composite wave absorbing body with dual dynamic regulation.
Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a composite absorber with dual dynamic modulation prepared in embodiment 1, where 1 is a super surface, 2 is a dielectric layer, 3 is a metal backplane, 4 is a first active device, 5 is a second active device, 6 is a third active device, and 7 is a fourth active device.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the composite absorber with dual dynamic regulation prepared in example 1, where h is the thickness of the super-surface and the metal back plate, and t is the height of the dielectric layer.
Fig. 3 is a top view of the wave absorbing unit prepared in example 1, wherein p is the side length of the dielectric layer composed of magnetorheological rubber materials.
FIG. 4 is a two-dimensional plan view of the composite absorber prepared in example 1, with an overall dimension of 200mm ﹡ 200 mm.
FIG. 5 is a flow chart illustrating the preparation of a dielectric layer formed of a magnetorheological rubber material in example 1.
FIG. 6 is a comparison graph of reflection curves of the composite absorber prepared in example 1 under different applied magnetic fields, and it can be seen from FIG. 6 that when the applied magnetic field is 0mT, the absorption peak frequency is about 10 GHz; the absorption peak frequency is about 10.5GHz when the applied magnetic field is 200mT, and about 9.5GHz when the applied magnetic field is 400 mT. It can be seen that the absorption peak frequency and bandwidth of the composite absorber can be changed by changing the magnitude of the applied magnetic field.
Example 2
First, the MRE material, the super-surface structure, and the metal back plate were prepared by the method of the foregoing example 1.
Next, four identical active devices, namely, a first active device, a second active device, a third active device and a fourth active device, are provided according to the method in embodiment 1, wherein the active devices are resistors and capacitors connected in parallel. Through changing the parameter of super surperficial active device, if set up the resistance of resistance to 1000 ohms, the capacitance value of electric capacity sets up to five numerical values of 0.5pF, 1pF, 1.5pF, 2pF, 5pF respectively, changes composite wave absorbing material's absorption performance.
Fig. 7 is a comparison graph of reflection curves of the composite wave absorbing body of the active device containing different parameters prepared in example 2, and it can be seen from fig. 7 that when the resistance value is determined to be 1000 ohms, the peak frequency of the composite wave absorbing material can be shifted to a low frequency direction by increasing the capacitance value, and the absorption bandwidth is also adjusted to a certain extent.
In summary, the invention discloses a composite wave absorber with dual dynamic regulation and control and a preparation method thereof, wherein the wave absorber is provided with a plurality of wave absorbing units in a periodic array in the horizontal and vertical directions, the wave absorbing units are composed of a metal super surface, a medium layer formed by magnetorheological rubber materials and a metal back plate with the depth larger than the skin depth of incident waves from top to bottom, firstly, a magnetron sputtering method is utilized to construct a super surface resonance unit, and the constructed super surface is provided with a resonance opening and a reserved position for welding an active device, so that the resonance frequency and the equivalent impedance can be conveniently adjusted by changing the parameters of the active device; secondly, rheological rubber is used as a dielectric layer, so that certain loss capacity is provided, the absorption performance is improved, and the electromagnetic parameters of the dielectric layer are dynamically adjusted by regulating and controlling the appearance and the appearance of a magnetic field. The composite wave absorber has excellent absorption performance within the working frequency of 2-18 GHz.
Finally, the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all of them should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The composite wave absorbing body with double dynamic regulation is characterized in that the wave absorbing body is provided with a plurality of wave absorbing units in a periodic array in the horizontal and vertical directions, and each wave absorbing unit consists of a metal super surface, a medium layer formed by magnetorheological rubber materials and a metal back plate with the depth larger than the skin depth of incident waves from top to bottom.
2. The composite absorber of claim 1, wherein the operating frequency of the composite absorber is 2-18 GHz.
3. The composite absorber according to claim 1, wherein the metal super-surface is a periodic resonant unit structure, the metal super-surface is a centrosymmetric structure, and the centers of the metal super-surface, the dielectric layer and the metal back plate are overlapped;
the metallic meta-surface includes a resonating ring having an opening and an active device introduced at the opening of the resonating ring.
4. The composite absorber according to claim 3, wherein the active device is any one or more of a capacitor, an inductor or a diode, and the active device is a surface mount package.
5. The composite absorber of claim 1, wherein the magnetorheological rubber material has an electromagnetic wave absorption function; the magnetorheological rubber material is specifically an MRE material.
6. The composite absorber according to claim 1, wherein the metal back plate metal is a thin metal film formed of a good conductor, and the metal is any one of copper or aluminum.
7. The composite absorber of claim 1, wherein the metallic super-surface and metallic backing have equal thickness; the dielectric layer and the metal back plate are cuboids with the same length and width.
8. A method for preparing the composite absorber of any of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
(1) sputtering metal on one surface of a dielectric layer formed by magnetorheological rubber materials by a magnetron sputtering method, and introducing a mask plate to form a patterned metal super surface on the dielectric layer;
(2) attaching the metal back plate to the other surface of the medium layer through an adhesive to obtain a wave absorbing unit;
(3) the wave absorbing units are arranged periodically in the horizontal and vertical directions to form a light and efficient composite wave absorber.
9. Use of the composite absorber of any of claims 1 to 7 for electromagnetic shielding or military stealth.
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| CN113809551A (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2021-12-17 | 贵州民族大学 | Real-time controllable wave absorber based on loading of ferroelectric-ferromagnetic composite film |
| CN114597674A (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2022-06-07 | 重庆大学 | Miniaturized broadband shielding structure based on single-negative metamaterial |
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| CN115084869A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-09-20 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Ultra-wide band wide-angle domain stealth structure material |
| CN116995445A (en) * | 2023-09-28 | 2023-11-03 | 中北大学 | Broadband electromagnetic wave absorption/reflection switchable integrated metamaterial structure |
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| CN113809551A (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2021-12-17 | 贵州民族大学 | Real-time controllable wave absorber based on loading of ferroelectric-ferromagnetic composite film |
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| CN114597674B (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2024-06-18 | 重庆大学 | Miniaturized broadband shielding structure based on single negative metamaterial |
| CN114914712A (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2022-08-16 | 西安电子科技大学 | Reconfigurable elastic wave absorber based on metal nanowire aerogel and preparation method thereof |
| CN115084869A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-09-20 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Ultra-wide band wide-angle domain stealth structure material |
| CN115084869B (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2023-08-01 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Ultra-wideband wide-angle domain stealth structural material |
| CN116995445A (en) * | 2023-09-28 | 2023-11-03 | 中北大学 | Broadband electromagnetic wave absorption/reflection switchable integrated metamaterial structure |
| CN116995445B (en) * | 2023-09-28 | 2023-12-15 | 中北大学 | Broadband electromagnetic wave absorption/reflection switchable integrated metamaterial structure |
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