CN114143951A - Movable neutron generator - Google Patents
Movable neutron generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN114143951A CN114143951A CN202111183385.6A CN202111183385A CN114143951A CN 114143951 A CN114143951 A CN 114143951A CN 202111183385 A CN202111183385 A CN 202111183385A CN 114143951 A CN114143951 A CN 114143951A
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- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 238000010884 ion-beam technique Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-NJFSPNSNSA-N Tritium Chemical compound [3H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052722 tritium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 17
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H3/00—Production or acceleration of neutral particle beams, e.g. molecular or atomic beams
- H05H3/06—Generating neutron beams
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- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a movable neutron generator, comprising: the device comprises a cart, an ion source power supply, a direct-current high-voltage power supply, an isolation transformer, a medium-frequency power supply, an ion beam accelerating tube, a vacuum pump, a vacuum valve and a tritium target; wherein, the direct-current high-voltage power supply and the isolation transformer are arranged in an epoxy glass cylinder filled with transformer oil; the ion source and the ion source power supply are arranged in the ion source head box body, and the box body is fixed above the epoxy glass cylinder and is upwards supported by the epoxy glass column; the object placing table is provided with a convex structure, and a vacuum pump and cold silicon are arranged in the object placing table; the ion beam accelerating tube is parallelly erected between the ion source and the convex structure; the output end of the ion beam accelerating tube passes through the convex structure and is in butt joint with a vacuum valve on the other surface, and the vacuum valve is in butt joint with the tritium target; the intermediate frequency power supply is arranged inside the object placing table. The invention can make the neutron generator small and movable, so that the neutron generator can be applied to different use scenes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of neutron generators, and particularly relates to a movable neutron generator.
Background
The neutron generator is a device for generating neutrons, and is applied to neutron photography and the like.
In the related art, most of the neutron generators operating at several hundred kilovolts are bulky, which greatly limits the application of the neutron generators to a single use scene.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to miniaturize and move a neutron generator without degrading the performance of the neutron generator, thereby enabling the neutron generator to be applied to different use scenes, the invention provides a movable neutron generator.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a portable neutron generator comprising: the device comprises a cart, an ion source power supply, a direct-current high-voltage power supply, an isolation transformer, two groups of intermediate-frequency power supplies, an ion beam accelerating tube, a vacuum pump, a vacuum valve and a tritium target; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the direct-current high-voltage power supply and the isolation transformer are arranged in an epoxy glass cylinder, the epoxy glass cylinder is arranged on a storage table of the trolley through a bolt, and transformer oil is filled in the epoxy glass cylinder;
the ion source and the ion source power supply are both arranged in an ion source head box body, and the ion source head box body is positioned above the epoxy glass cylinder and is fixedly connected with the top cover of the epoxy glass cylinder; 4 vertical epoxy glass columns are arranged on the object placing table to upwards support the ion source head box body;
one side of the object placing table is provided with an upward convex structure, and the vacuum pump and cold silicon required by the vacuum pump for measuring vacuum are arranged in the convex structure;
the ion beam accelerating tube is arranged between the ion source and the convex structure in parallel; the ion beam input end of the ion beam accelerating tube is in butt joint with the ion beam output end of the ion source; the ion beam output end of the ion beam accelerating tube penetrates through the protruding structure to be in butt joint with the vacuum valve arranged on the other surface of the protruding structure, and the vacuum valve is in butt joint with the tritium target;
the two groups of intermediate frequency power supplies are arranged in the object placing table;
the two groups of intermediate frequency power supplies respectively provide input voltage for the direct current high-voltage power supply and the isolation transformer; the output voltage of the isolation transformer supplies power to the ion source power supply; the ion source power supply supplies power to the ion source; and the direct current high voltage output by the direct current high voltage power supply is connected with the high voltage head electrode of the ion source and the ion beam accelerating tube to supply power for the ion beam accelerating tube.
In one embodiment, the dc high voltage power supply includes: the device comprises a step-up transformer, a high-voltage multiplier, a protection resistor and a measuring resistor; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
an iron core of the step-up transformer is fixed at the bottom of the epoxy glass cylinder so as to dissipate heat through the object placing table below;
the booster transformer is covered with a convex metal cover, and the edge of the bottom of the convex metal cover is embedded in the inner bottom surface of the epoxy glass cylinder; the upper surface of the convex metal cover forms a mounting platform of the high-voltage multiplier and the isolation transformer; the measuring resistor is arranged in a gap beside the high-voltage multiplier;
the protection resistor consists of hundreds of metal ceramic damping resistors, and the hundreds of metal ceramic damping resistors are all loaded on a resistor installation framework; the resistor installation framework is arranged above the high-voltage multiplier;
the boosting transformer is connected with a first intermediate frequency power supply in the two groups of intermediate frequency power supplies and is used for boosting a first intermediate frequency voltage output by the first intermediate frequency power supply to obtain an alternating current high voltage; the high-voltage multiplier is used for converting the alternating-current high voltage into direct-current high voltage and outputting the direct-current high voltage through the protection resistor; the measuring resistor is used for carrying out voltage division detection on the direct current high voltage.
In one embodiment, the inner wall of the epoxy glass cylinder is wound with a plurality of stages of first equalizing rings from top to bottom, and a voltage equalizing resistor is connected between every two stages of the first equalizing rings so as to balance the electric field inside the epoxy glass cylinder through the connected voltage equalizing resistors; the highest electric potential of the electric field is equal to the direct-current high voltage;
the protection resistor, the measuring resistor and the isolation transformer are respectively connected with the closest one of the first multilevel voltage-sharing rings.
In one embodiment, the high voltage multiplier and the resistor mounting framework are wrapped with polytetrafluoroethylene plates with preset thicknesses.
In one embodiment, a plurality of joints are provided above the top cover, including: the direct-current high-voltage output connector, the output connector of the isolation transformer and the air suction connector for vacuum oil injection into the epoxy glass cylinder.
In one embodiment, a valve is arranged at the bottom of the epoxy glass cylinder and used for charging and discharging the transformer oil.
In one embodiment, neither rectifier pair in the high-voltage multiplier is connected in series with an overcurrent protection resistor.
In one embodiment, the ion beam acceleration tube includes: the high-voltage capacitor comprises a high-voltage insulator, an accelerating cavity, a multi-stage second equalizing ring, a primary focusing electrode, a middle electrode, a ground electrode, a plurality of shielding electrodes and a suppression magnet; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the accelerating cavity comprises an input end, a multi-stage insulating ring and an output end; the input end is connected with the high-voltage insulator through a screw and connected with the insulating ring of the first stage through a screw, the adjacent insulating rings of each two stages are connected through a screw, and the insulating ring of the last stage is connected with the output end through a screw;
the multistage second equalizing rings are respectively sleeved at the connecting positions of the two stages of insulating rings and are respectively connected with a corresponding shielding electrode in the accelerating cavity; a voltage-sharing resistor is connected between every two stages of the second voltage-sharing rings so as to balance the electric field in the accelerating cavity through the connected voltage-sharing resistors; the highest electric potential of the electric field is equal to the initial focusing voltage; the initial focusing voltage is the voltage output by an initial focusing power supply module in the ion source power supply, and the initial focusing voltage takes the high-voltage head electrode as a reference ground;
the primary focusing electrode, the middle electrode and the ground electrode are sequentially arranged in the accelerating cavity according to the movement direction of the ion beam; a first acceleration gap is formed between the initial focusing electrode and the middle electrode, and a second acceleration gap is formed between the middle electrode and the ground electrode; the initial focusing electrode is connected with the initial focusing voltage through the high-voltage insulator, and the middle electrode is connected with one shielding electrode positioned in the middle section in the accelerating cavity; the ground electrode is grounded;
and the suppression magnet is arranged at the outlet of the output end and is grounded.
In one embodiment, two end faces of each stage of insulating ring are carved with vacuum sealing grooves, two ends of the inner wall are chamfered by 45 degrees, and the outer wall is provided with grooves along the circumferential direction.
In one embodiment, each stage of the insulating ring is of an integrally formed 99-porcelain structure, and the outer wall of the insulating ring is glazed.
In the neutron generator provided by the invention, a direct-current high-voltage power supply and an isolation transformer are arranged in an epoxy glass cylinder, and transformer oil is filled in the epoxy glass cylinder; the ion source and the ion source power supply are arranged in an ion source head box body; the ion source head box body is fixedly connected with the epoxy glass cylinder; in this way, the epoxy glass cylinder and the other 4 epoxy glass columns can firmly support the ion source head box body, and the size of a power supply system occupying the most space in the neutron generator is greatly reduced. Furthermore, the invention utilizes a power supply system for pushing the neutron generator, an ion beam accelerating tube, a tritium target and the like; wherein, the shallow put the inside intermediate frequency power that can place of thing platform, one side of shallow sets up a protruding structure and is used for carrying vacuum pump and cold silicon to utilize the ion source head box that epoxy glass section of thick bamboo supported and this protruding structure to erect the ion beam accelerating tube. Thus, the neutron generator can be pushed to move by the cart, so that the neutron generator can be applied to different use scenes.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a movable neutron generator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the circuit configuration of the DC high voltage power supply in the neutron generator of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a front cross-sectional view of the high voltage power supply of the neutron generator of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a side cross-sectional view of the high voltage power supply of the neutron generator of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the high voltage doubler in the epoxy glass cartridge of FIG. 4;
fig. 6 is a schematic view showing a structure of an ion beam acceleration tube in the neutron generator shown in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
In order to miniaturize and move the neutron generator without reducing the performance of the neutron generator, so that the neutron generator can be applied to different use scenes, the embodiment of the invention provides a movable neutron generator. As shown in fig. 1, the neutron generator includes: the device comprises a cart, an ion source power supply, a direct-current high-voltage power supply, an isolation transformer, two groups of medium-frequency power supplies, an ion beam accelerating tube, a vacuum pump, a vacuum valve and a tritium target.
Wherein, the direct-current high-voltage power supply and the isolation transformer are arranged in the epoxy glass cylinder. The epoxy glass cylinder is installed on the object placing table of the cart through a bolt, and transformer oil is filled in the epoxy glass cylinder. Therefore, the insulating strength between the direct-current high-voltage power supply and the isolation transformer in the epoxy glass cylinder can be improved, and the insulating strength between modules in the direct-current high-voltage power supply can be improved, so that the problem that the insulating strength is insufficient due to the fact that the modules in the epoxy glass cylinder are close to each other is solved.
The ion source and the power supply source of the ion source are both arranged in the head box body of the ion source, as shown in figure 1, the head box body of the ion source is positioned above the epoxy glass cylinder and is fixedly connected with the top cover of the epoxy glass cylinder. Thus, the epoxy glass cartridge can serve as a mounting support for the ion source head housing. In addition, in order to further improve the support stability, 4 vertical epoxy glass columns can be further installed on the object placing table of the cart, and the 4 epoxy glass columns can upwards support the ion source head box body together with the epoxy glass cylinder.
Wherein, there are many kinds of connection modes of ion source head box and epoxy glass section of thick bamboo. For example, in one implementation, the bottom plate of the ion source head box may be fixedly connected to the top cover of the epoxy glass cylinder by screws. In another implementation manner, a stainless steel ring may be additionally arranged on the top cover of the epoxy glass cylinder, a plurality of screw holes are carved on the stainless steel ring, wherein a part of the screw holes are matched with screws to fasten the stainless steel ring and the top cover of the epoxy glass cylinder together from the inside of the epoxy glass cylinder, the rest of the screw holes are matched with screws to fix a concave metal ring on the top cover of the epoxy glass cylinder, the recess of the concave metal ring may carry the ion source head box body, and the concave metal ring may be connected with the ion source head box body through screws.
In addition, the ion source head box body and the epoxy glass cylinder have an electrical connection relationship besides a mechanical connection relationship; specifically, the output voltages of the direct-current high-voltage power supply and the isolation transformer in the epoxy glass cloth sealing structure can be connected into the ion source head box body through leads, so that the ion source head box body is electrically connected with the ion source power supply.
One side of the cart for placing the object table is provided with an upward convex structure, and a vacuum pump and cold silicon required by the vacuum pump for measuring vacuum are arranged in the convex structure. Optionally, a pull handle may be attached to the raised structure to facilitate pushing and pulling the neutron generator on the cart.
The ion beam accelerating tube is parallelly erected between the ion source and the convex structure; wherein, the ion beam input end of the ion beam accelerating tube is butted with the ion beam output end of the ion source; the ion beam output end of the ion beam accelerating tube penetrates through the protruding structure to be in butt joint with a vacuum valve arranged on the other side of the protruding structure, and the vacuum valve is in butt joint with the tritium target.
It is understood that the ion beam accelerating tube is erected by the ion source head box and the protruding structure together; and when the ion beam accelerating tube is elevated, the ion beam output end of the ion source in the ion source head box body is ensured to be in butt joint with the ion beam input end of the ion beam accelerating tube, and the ion beam output end of the ion beam accelerating tube is ensured to pass through the convex structure to be in butt joint with the vacuum valve arranged on the other surface of the convex structure.
Two sets of intermediate frequency power supplies are installed inside the object placing table, for example, two sets of intermediate frequency power supplies may be installed inside the object placing table and perpendicular to the lower side of the epoxy glass cylinder, but not limited thereto.
In the neutron generator, two groups of intermediate frequency power supplies respectively provide input voltage for a direct current high-voltage power supply and an isolation transformer; the output voltage of the isolation transformer supplies power to the ion source power supply; the ion source power supply supplies power to the ion source; the direct current high voltage output by the direct current high voltage power supply is connected with a high voltage head electrode of the ion source. The vacuum pump and the vacuum valve are mainly used for making vacuum in the ion beam accelerating tube. Therefore, the ion source emits ion beams, and after the ion beams are accelerated by the ion beam accelerating tube, the ion beams and the tritium target generate nuclear reaction to generate neutrons. Wherein, a plurality of modules in the ion source need different power supplies, such as a palladium tube power supply, a filament power supply, a focusing power supply, a magnetic field power supply and the like; in the embodiment of the present invention, the ion source power supply is a generic term for the power module providing these power supplies. For any one of the power modules, the power supply may be directly supplied by the voltage output by the isolation transformer, or may be supplied by the voltage converted by the power frequency inverter and/or the voltage conversion module. In addition, the specific position arrangement of the power modules in the ion source head box is not limited in the embodiments of the present invention.
In the embodiment of the invention, a direct-current high-voltage power supply and an isolation transformer are arranged in an epoxy glass cylinder, and transformer oil is filled in the epoxy glass cylinder; the ion source and the ion source power supply are arranged in an ion source head box body; the ion source head box body is fixedly connected with the epoxy glass cylinder; in this way, the epoxy glass cylinder and the other 4 epoxy glass columns can firmly support the ion source head box body, and the size of a power supply system occupying the most space in the neutron generator is greatly reduced. Furthermore, the invention utilizes a power supply system for pushing the neutron generator, an ion beam accelerating tube, a tritium target and the like; wherein, the shallow put the inside intermediate frequency power that can place of thing platform, one side of shallow sets up a protruding structure and is used for carrying vacuum pump and cold silicon to utilize the ion source head box that epoxy glass section of thick bamboo supported and this protruding structure to erect the ion beam accelerating tube. Thus, the neutron generator can be pushed to move by the cart, so that the neutron generator can be applied to different use scenes.
Next, the arrangement of the dc high voltage power supply and the isolation transformer in the epoxy glass cylinder will be described by way of example. First, the composition of the dc high-voltage power supply will be described. As shown in fig. 2, the dc high voltage power supply includes: the device comprises a step-up transformer, a high-voltage multiplier, a protection resistor and a measuring resistor, wherein C5 is a filter capacitor. The boosting transformer is connected with a first intermediate frequency power supply in the two intermediate frequency power supplies and is used for boosting the voltage output by one intermediate frequency power supply to obtain a primary alternating current high voltage; the high-voltage multiplier is used for converting the alternating-current high voltage into direct-current high voltage and outputting the direct-current high voltage through the protective resistor; the measuring resistor is used for carrying out voltage division detection on the direct-current high voltage.
In the embodiment of the invention, the isolation transformer can be formed by connecting a plurality of sub-isolation transformers in series.
Inside the epoxy glass cylinder, the position arrangement of the step-up transformer, the high-voltage doubler, the protection resistor, the measuring resistor and the plurality of isolation transformers can be seen in fig. 3 and 4; fig. 3 is a front sectional view of the high-voltage power supply, and fig. 4 is a side sectional view of the high-voltage power supply.
The iron core of the step-up transformer is fixed at the bottom of the epoxy glass cylinder, and the bottom surface of the epoxy glass cylinder is tightly attached to the object placing table, so that part of heat generated by the step-up transformer can be dissipated by the object placing table.
The booster transformer is covered with a convex metal cover, and the edge of the bottom of the convex metal cover is embedded in the inner bottom surface of the epoxy glass cylinder; the upper surface of the convex metal cover forms a mounting platform of the high-voltage multiplier and the isolation transformer.
The high-voltage multiplier is composed of a plurality of rectifier pairs and a plurality of oil-immersed composite dielectric capacitors, and forms a voltage-multiplying tower shown in fig. 5. In addition, compared with the implementation mode of connecting each rectifier pair in series with a protection resistor in the prior art, in the embodiment of the invention, all the rectifier pairs in the high-voltage multiplier are not connected in series with an overcurrent protection resistor. The reason is that the inventor of the invention finds that the over-current phenomenon hardly occurs on the rectifier pair of the high-voltage doubler through theoretical analysis and experimental verification.
The measuring resistor may be mounted in a gap beside the high voltage doubler. The volume of the measuring resistor is small, and in fig. 3 and 4, the measuring resistor is shielded by an isolation transformer string or a high-voltage multiplier, which is not shown.
The protection resistor consists of hundreds of metal ceramic damping resistors which are all loaded on a resistor installation framework; the resistor installation framework is arranged above the high-voltage multiplier.
A plurality of sub-isolation transformers constituting the isolation transformer may be sequentially stacked beside the high voltage doubler.
In an optional implementation mode, the inner wall of the epoxy glass cylinder can surround the first equalizing rings in multiple stages from top to bottom, and an equalizing resistor is connected between every two first equalizing rings in each stage so as to equalize an electric field in the epoxy glass cylinder through the equalizing resistors; the highest potential of the electric field is equal to the DC high voltage output by the DC high voltage power supply. And the protection resistor, the measuring resistor and the isolation transformer are respectively connected with the closest one of the first grading rings. That is, the respective potentials of the protection resistor, the measuring resistor and the isolation transformer are vertically identical to the nearest one of the first grading rings.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, a plurality of joints may be provided above the top cover of the epoxy glass cartridge, including: the device comprises a direct current high-voltage output joint, an output joint of an isolation transformer and an air suction joint for vacuum oil injection into the epoxy glass cylinder. The output connector is used for connecting a lead wire which passes through the top cover of the epoxy glass cylinder and the bottom plate of the ion source head box body and is connected into an ion source power supply. The bottom of the epoxy glass cylinder can be also provided with a valve which is used for charging and discharging transformer oil.
In addition, in order to prevent the device in the epoxy glass cylinder from being damaged by the instantaneous radial electric field, polytetrafluoroethylene plates can be coated on the peripheries of the high-voltage multiplier and the resistor installation framework, so that the high-voltage multiplier and the resistor installation framework are separated from the isolation transformer, the measuring resistor and the first equalizing ring. Preferably, the teflon-coated plate has a thickness of 10 mm.
Next, a structure of an ion beam acceleration tube in the neutron generator provided by the embodiment of the present invention will be described. As shown in fig. 6, the ion beam acceleration tube includes: the high-voltage insulator, the accelerating cavity, the multistage second equalizing ring, the initial focusing electrode, the middle electrode, the ground electrode, the shielding electrodes and the restraining magnet.
The accelerating cavity comprises an input end, a multi-stage insulating ring and an output end; the input end is connected with the high-voltage insulator through a screw and is connected with the first-stage insulating ring through a screw, every two adjacent stages of insulating rings are connected through a screw, and the last-stage insulating ring is connected with the output end through a screw.
And the multistage second equalizing rings are respectively sleeved at the connecting positions of each two stages of insulating rings and are respectively connected with a corresponding shielding electrode in the accelerating cavity. A voltage-sharing resistor is connected between every two stages of second voltage-sharing rings so as to balance the electric field in the acceleration cavity through the connected voltage-sharing resistors; the highest electric potential of the electric field is equal to the initial focusing voltage; the initial focusing voltage is the voltage output by an initial focusing power module in the ion source power supply, and the initial focusing voltage takes the high-voltage head electrode as the reference ground.
As shown in fig. 6, the primary focusing electrode, the middle electrode and the ground electrode are sequentially installed in the accelerating cavity according to the moving direction of the ion beam; a first acceleration gap is formed between the initial focusing electrode and the middle electrode, and a second acceleration gap is formed between the middle electrode and the ground electrode; the initial focusing electrode is connected with initial focusing voltage through a high-voltage insulator, the middle electrode is connected with a shielding electrode positioned in the middle section in the accelerating cavity, and the ground electrode is grounded.
And the suppression magnet is arranged at the outlet of the output end and is grounded. The suppressor magnet is mainly used for suppressing secondary electrons.
In order to facilitate processing, vacuum sealing grooves are carved on two end faces of each stage of insulating ring, and grooves are formed in the outer wall of each stage of insulating ring along the circumferential direction. Preferably, in order to prevent the pre-discharge of the inner surface of the insulating ring from occurring, both ends of the inner wall of each stage of the insulating ring may be chamfered by an angle of 45 degrees.
In addition, in order to further reduce the air release amount of the insulating ring in vacuum on the premise of ensuring the pressure resistance, the insulating ring can adopt an integrally formed 99-porcelain structure, and the outer wall of the insulating ring is glazed.
In a specific embodiment, the insulating ring can comprise 9 stages, and the ion beam accelerating tube of the 9-stage insulating ring is compact in structure, has two-stage accelerating gaps and higher accelerating gradient, and can work at about 300kV, so that the miniaturization and the mobility of the whole neutron generator are realized.
It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the description of the specification, reference to the description of the term "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "an example", "a specific example", or "some examples", etc., means that a particular feature or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by those skilled in the art.
While the present application has been described in connection with various embodiments, other variations to the disclosed embodiments can be understood and effected by those skilled in the art in practicing the claimed application, from a review of the drawings, the disclosure, and the appended claims.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and it is not intended that the invention be limited to these specific details. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all shall be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A portable neutron generator, comprising: the device comprises a cart, an ion source power supply, a direct-current high-voltage power supply, an isolation transformer, two groups of intermediate-frequency power supplies, an ion beam accelerating tube, a vacuum pump, a vacuum valve and a tritium target; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the direct-current high-voltage power supply and the isolation transformer are arranged in an epoxy glass cylinder, the epoxy glass cylinder is arranged on a storage table of the trolley through a bolt, and transformer oil is filled in the epoxy glass cylinder;
the ion source and the ion source power supply are both arranged in an ion source head box body, and the ion source head box body is positioned above the epoxy glass cylinder and is fixedly connected with the top cover of the epoxy glass cylinder; 4 vertical epoxy glass columns are arranged on the object placing table to upwards support the ion source head box body;
one side of the object placing table is provided with an upward convex structure, and the vacuum pump and cold silicon required by the vacuum pump for measuring vacuum are arranged in the convex structure;
the ion beam accelerating tube is arranged between the ion source and the convex structure in parallel; the ion beam input end of the ion beam accelerating tube is in butt joint with the ion beam output end of the ion source; the ion beam output end of the ion beam accelerating tube penetrates through the protruding structure to be in butt joint with the vacuum valve arranged on the other surface of the protruding structure, and the vacuum valve is in butt joint with the tritium target;
the two groups of intermediate frequency power supplies are arranged in the object placing table;
the two groups of intermediate frequency power supplies respectively provide input voltage for the direct current high-voltage power supply and the isolation transformer; the output voltage of the isolation transformer supplies power to the ion source power supply; the ion source power supply supplies power to the ion source; and the direct current high voltage output by the direct current high voltage power supply is connected with the high voltage head electrode of the ion source and the ion beam accelerating tube to supply power for the ion beam accelerating tube.
2. The neutron generator of claim 1, wherein the dc high voltage power supply comprises: the device comprises a step-up transformer, a high-voltage multiplier, a protection resistor and a measuring resistor; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
an iron core of the step-up transformer is fixed at the bottom of the epoxy glass cylinder so as to dissipate heat through the object placing table below;
the booster transformer is covered with a convex metal cover, and the edge of the bottom of the convex metal cover is embedded in the inner bottom surface of the epoxy glass cylinder; the upper surface of the convex metal cover forms a mounting platform of the high-voltage multiplier and the isolation transformer; the measuring resistor is arranged in a gap beside the high-voltage multiplier;
the protection resistor consists of hundreds of metal ceramic damping resistors, and the hundreds of metal ceramic damping resistors are all loaded on a resistor installation framework; the resistor installation framework is arranged above the high-voltage multiplier;
the boosting transformer is connected with a first intermediate frequency power supply in the two groups of intermediate frequency power supplies and is used for boosting a first intermediate frequency voltage output by the first intermediate frequency power supply to obtain an alternating current high voltage; the high-voltage multiplier is used for converting the alternating-current high voltage into direct-current high voltage and outputting the direct-current high voltage through the protection resistor; the measuring resistor is used for carrying out voltage division detection on the direct current high voltage.
3. The neutron generator of claim 2, wherein the inner wall of the epoxy glass cylinder is surrounded with a plurality of stages of first grading rings from top to bottom, and a grading resistor is connected between each two stages of the first grading rings to balance the electric field inside the epoxy glass cylinder through the connected grading resistors; the highest electric potential of the electric field is equal to the direct-current high voltage;
the protection resistor, the measuring resistor and the isolation transformer are respectively connected with the closest one of the first multilevel voltage-sharing rings.
4. The neutron generator of claim 3, wherein the high voltage multiplier and the resistor mounting skeleton are surrounded by a teflon sheet of a predetermined thickness.
5. The neutron generator of claim 4, wherein the top cover has a plurality of tabs disposed thereon, comprising: the direct-current high-voltage output connector, the output connector of the isolation transformer and the air suction connector for vacuum oil injection into the epoxy glass cylinder.
6. The neutron generator of claim 5, wherein a valve is arranged at the bottom of the epoxy glass cylinder and used for charging and discharging the transformer oil.
7. The neutron generator of claim 2, wherein none of the rectifier pairs in the high voltage multiplier are connected in series with an overcurrent protection resistor.
8. The neutron generator of claim 1, wherein the ion beam acceleration tube comprises: the high-voltage capacitor comprises a high-voltage insulator, an accelerating cavity, a multi-stage second equalizing ring, a primary focusing electrode, a middle electrode, a ground electrode, a plurality of shielding electrodes and a suppression magnet; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the accelerating cavity comprises an input end, a multi-stage insulating ring and an output end; the input end is connected with the high-voltage insulator through a screw and connected with the insulating ring of the first stage through a screw, the adjacent insulating rings of each two stages are connected through a screw, and the insulating ring of the last stage is connected with the output end through a screw;
the multistage second equalizing rings are respectively sleeved at the connecting positions of the two stages of insulating rings and are respectively connected with a corresponding shielding electrode in the accelerating cavity; a voltage-sharing resistor is connected between every two stages of the second voltage-sharing rings so as to balance the electric field in the accelerating cavity through the connected voltage-sharing resistors; the highest electric potential of the electric field is equal to the initial focusing voltage; the initial focusing voltage is the voltage output by an initial focusing power supply module in the ion source power supply, and the initial focusing voltage takes the high-voltage head electrode as a reference ground;
the primary focusing electrode, the middle electrode and the ground electrode are sequentially arranged in the accelerating cavity according to the movement direction of the ion beam; a first acceleration gap is formed between the initial focusing electrode and the middle electrode, and a second acceleration gap is formed between the middle electrode and the ground electrode; the initial focusing electrode is connected with the initial focusing voltage through the high-voltage insulator, and the middle electrode is connected with one shielding electrode positioned in the middle section in the accelerating cavity; the ground electrode is grounded;
and the suppression magnet is arranged at the outlet of the output end and is grounded.
9. The neutron generator of claim 8, wherein each of the insulating rings has vacuum sealing grooves cut on both end surfaces thereof, and the inner wall has 45-degree inverted corners on both ends thereof and the outer wall has grooves formed in a circumferential direction.
10. The neutron generator of claim 9, wherein each stage of the insulating ring is of an integrally formed 99-porcelain construction and has a glazed outer wall.
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| CN202111183385.6A CN114143951A (en) | 2021-10-11 | 2021-10-11 | Movable neutron generator |
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| CN202111183385.6A CN114143951A (en) | 2021-10-11 | 2021-10-11 | Movable neutron generator |
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