CN114143673A - Screen directional sounding device and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Screen directional sounding device and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114143673A CN114143673A CN202111431625.XA CN202111431625A CN114143673A CN 114143673 A CN114143673 A CN 114143673A CN 202111431625 A CN202111431625 A CN 202111431625A CN 114143673 A CN114143673 A CN 114143673A
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- H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
- H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
- H04R7/04—Plane diaphragms
- H04R7/06—Plane diaphragms comprising a plurality of sections or layers
- H04R7/08—Plane diaphragms comprising a plurality of sections or layers comprising superposed layers separated by air or other fluid
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
- H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
- H04R1/34—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by using a single transducer with sound reflecting, diffracting, directing or guiding means
- H04R1/345—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by using a single transducer with sound reflecting, diffracting, directing or guiding means for loudspeakers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R17/00—Piezoelectric transducers; Electrostrictive transducers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R19/00—Electrostatic transducers
- H04R19/02—Loudspeakers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
- H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
- H04R7/12—Non-planar diaphragms or cones
- H04R7/122—Non-planar diaphragms or cones comprising a plurality of sections or layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2201/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones covered by H04R1/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- H04R2201/003—Mems transducers or their use
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2201/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones covered by H04R1/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- H04R2201/02—Details casings, cabinets or mounting therein for transducers covered by H04R1/02 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a directional screen sounding device and a preparation method thereof. In one embodiment, the screen-directed sound emitting device includes: the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer comprises a substrate, a first electrode, a support column and a second electrode which are arranged in a stacked mode, wherein the support column is used for forming a vibration cavity between the first electrode and the second electrode, the second electrode is fixedly connected with the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel, and the second electrode and the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel form a vibration membrane of the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer. In the specific embodiment, the second electrode and the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel form an integrated vibrating diaphragm, so that the screen orientation generating device comprising the ultrasonic transducer and the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel has integrity and light weight, and the screen orientation generating device is thinned.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of display. And more particularly, to a screen directional sound emitting device and a method for manufacturing the same.
Background
With the increase of audio-visual scenes, directional sound technology is developed, sound wave energy is emitted to be concentrated through the modulation of audio signals and ultrasonic carrier signals, audible sound waves with strong directivity are formed, the rule that sound is spread in all directions is broken, and independent audio spaces which do not interfere the surrounding environment are created.
At present, when the directional audio transmission technology is applied to a reflective liquid crystal display, a main mode is to hang a directional audio transmission device (an ultrasonic transducer) externally on the reflective liquid crystal display, which results in that the thickness of an integral device formed by the directional audio transmission device and the reflective liquid crystal display is increased, a gap is easily generated between the directional audio transmission device and the reflective liquid crystal display, and the attractiveness and the service life of the integral device are influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a screen directional sounding device and a preparation method thereof, which are used for solving at least one of the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a screen directional sounding device in a first aspect, which comprises:
the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer comprises a substrate, a first electrode, a support column and a second electrode which are arranged in a stacked mode, wherein the support column is used for forming a vibration cavity between the first electrode and the second electrode, the second electrode is fixedly connected with the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel, and the second electrode and the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel form a vibration membrane of the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer.
Optionally, the thickness of the second electrode is on the order of nanometers.
Optionally, the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer further includes a first auxiliary metal electrode disposed on the second electrode toward the support column, the first auxiliary metal electrode includes a first metal frame, the first metal frame is formed on an edge of the second electrode, and the first auxiliary metal electrode, the second electrode, and the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel constitute a diaphragm of the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer.
Optionally, the first auxiliary metal electrode further includes a first metal grid line disposed in the first metal frame and connected to the first metal frame.
Optionally, the thickness of the first electrode is in the micrometer scale or nanometer scale.
Optionally, in a case that the thickness of the first electrode is on a nanometer scale, the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer further includes a second auxiliary metal electrode disposed on a side of the first electrode facing the support column, the second auxiliary metal electrode including a second metal frame, the second metal frame being formed at an edge of the first electrode.
Optionally, the second auxiliary metal electrode further includes a second metal grid line disposed in the second metal frame and connected to the second metal frame.
Optionally, the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer further comprises an electrical connection portion, and a first electrode lead and a second electrode lead which are disposed on the same layer as the second metal frame;
the first metal frame is connected with the second lead through the electric connection part;
the second metal frame is connected with the first lead;
the first lead and the second lead are respectively used for connecting external electrodes.
Optionally, the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer further includes a first insulating layer disposed on the supporting pillar facing the first electrode side and/or a second insulating layer facing the second electrode side, and in a case where the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer includes the second insulating layer, the second electrode, and the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel constitute a diaphragm of the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer.
Optionally, the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer further includes a frame adhesive layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, a projection of the frame adhesive layer on the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel is covered by a projection of the first metal frame on the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel, and the frame adhesive layer is provided with at least one air circulation channel so as to communicate the vibration cavity with an external space;
the frame glue layer comprises a plurality of frame glue units, an air circulation channel is arranged between every two adjacent frame glue units, one side of each air circulation channel, which is close to the supporting column, is provided with a blocking unit which is parallel to the frame glue units, and the width of each blocking unit is greater than that of each air circulation channel;
the end part of one side of the frame glue unit facing the blocking unit is provided with a first extending part,
the end part of one side of the blocking unit facing the frame glue unit is provided with a second extending part,
two second extending parts are arranged between the two first extending parts arranged on the same frame glue unit, and the two second extending parts are arranged on different blocking units; two first extending parts are arranged between the two second extending parts arranged on the same blocking unit, and the two first extending parts are arranged on different frame glue units.
Optionally, the substrate is a glass substrate.
Optionally, the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel includes an array substrate, a color filter substrate, and a dye liquid crystal layer disposed between the array substrate and the color filter substrate;
optionally, the array substrate and the color film substrate respectively have at least one of the following properties: the tensile strength is more than 81MPa, the Young modulus is more than or equal to 2.7GPa, the glass transition temperature is more than 380 ℃, and the thermal expansion coefficient in the temperature range of 100-350 ℃ is less than 40 ppm/k;
the color film substrate has at least one of the following properties: the light transmittance is more than 90%, the phase difference is less than 100nm, and the yellowing value is less than 5;
the thickness of the flexible reflection type liquid crystal display panel is less than 50 mu m;
the thickness of the dye liquid crystal layer is 4 mu m;
the array substrate comprises a substrate, and a driving circuit layer, a resin convex layer and a reflecting layer which are stacked on the substrate.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the screen directional sounding device, which comprises the following steps:
forming an electrostatic ultrasonic transducer on a light-emitting side of a flexible reflection type liquid crystal display panel, so as to obtain a screen directional sound-generating device, wherein the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer comprises a substrate, a first electrode, a support column and a second electrode which are stacked, the support column is used for forming a vibration cavity between the first electrode and the second electrode, the second electrode is fixedly connected with the flexible reflection type liquid crystal display panel, and the second electrode and the flexible reflection type liquid crystal display panel form a vibration membrane of the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer.
Optionally, the forming the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer on the side of the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel facing away from the light exit side includes:
forming a second electrode on the side of the flexible reflection type liquid crystal display panel departing from the light emergent side to obtain a first structure;
forming a first electrode on a substrate, and forming a support pillar on the first electrode to obtain a second structure;
and fixedly connecting the first structure with the second structure to obtain the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer comprising the substrate, the first electrode, the support column and the second electrode which are arranged in a stacked manner.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the second electrode and the flexible reflection type liquid crystal display panel form an integrated vibrating diaphragm, namely, the flexible reflection type liquid crystal display panel is used as a vibrating electrode unit of the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer, so that the whole screen can vibrate and sound, the screen orientation generating device comprising the ultrasonic transducer and the flexible reflection type liquid crystal display panel has integrity and lightness, and the screen orientation generating device is thinned.
Drawings
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a screen-oriented sound generator provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3a is a schematic structural diagram of a first auxiliary metal electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3b is a schematic view of another structure of the first auxiliary metal electrode according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4a is a schematic structural diagram of a second auxiliary metal electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4b is a schematic structural diagram of a second auxiliary metal electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5a is a schematic view of another structure of the second auxiliary metal electrode according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5b is a schematic structural diagram of a second auxiliary metal electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention;
6-9 show schematic structural diagrams of support post layers provided by embodiments of the invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a manufacturing process of a screen-oriented sound generator according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating a manufacturing process of a portion of a screen orientation generating device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 12 is a schematic diagram illustrating a manufacturing process of another part of the screen orientation generating device according to the embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The terms "on … …", "formed on … …" and "disposed on … …" as used herein may mean that one layer is formed or disposed directly on another layer or that one layer is formed or disposed indirectly on another layer, i.e., there is another layer between the two layers.
It should be noted that, although the terms "first", "second", etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, elements, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, components, elements, regions, layers and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. Rather, these terms are used to distinguish one element, component, element, region, layer or section from another. Thus, for example, a first component, a first member, a first element, a first region, a first layer, and/or a first portion discussed below could be termed a second component, a second member, a second element, a second region, a second layer, and/or a second portion without departing from the teachings of the present invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the term "disposed on the same layer" is used to mean that two layers, components, members, elements or portions may be formed by the same manufacturing process (e.g., patterning process, etc.), and the two layers, components, members, elements or portions are generally formed of the same material. For example, two or more functional layers are arranged in the same layer, which means that the functional layers arranged in the same layer can be formed by using the same material layer and using the same manufacturing process, so that the manufacturing process of the display substrate can be simplified.
In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the expression "patterning process" generally includes steps of coating of a photoresist, exposure, development, etching, stripping of the photoresist, and the like. The expression "one-time patterning process" means a process of forming a patterned layer, member, or the like using one mask plate.
At present, a Reflective Liquid Crystal Display (RLCD) uses a metal (aluminum or silver, etc.) Reflective layer fabricated on a TFT surface, and displays by incident and reflecting external natural light and adding λ/2 and λ/4 wave plates in a polarizer without backlight, thereby saving energy and protecting eyes. However, the addition of λ/2 and λ/4 wave plates makes the polarizer thicker, which is not favorable for making the display device thinner.
The dichroic dye is added into the liquid crystal, the dye is arranged along the direction of liquid crystal molecules, light parallel to the direction of the dye can be transmitted, perpendicular light can be absorbed, and the Cell Gap (Cell Gap) can be adjusted to replace the functions of a polarizer and a wave plate. The dye liquid crystal is adopted to replace the traditional TN liquid crystal, and the display can be realized without a polaroid. As shown in the upper part of fig. 1, the TFT-side reflective layer is planar, and has a poor reflective display effect, and can only be seen in a specific reflective light direction, and a scattering film must be attached to the Cell surface to normally display, wherein the TFT structure includes an active region 11, a gate 14, and the like, a pixel electrode 15 connected to a source or a drain of the TFT structure is formed on a resin layer 16, the pixel electrode 15 is covered with a reflective metal layer 13, and the reflective metal layer 13 is planar.
The resin bump structure shown in the lower half of fig. 1 is used instead of the scattering film, and unlike the upper half of fig. 1, the lower half of fig. 1 is formed by making an irregular bump shape of a resin bump layer 16' with irregular bumps under the reflective layer of the TFT with a resin, so that the reflective metal layer 13 plated behind is also provided with irregular bumps, thereby achieving diffuse reflection of light. The structure can replace the scattering film, normal display can be realized on the Cell surface without attaching a scattering film, and the thickness of the display device is further reduced.
Through comprehensive analysis and judgment, the inventor finds that the flexible reflection type liquid crystal display panel can be used as a vibration electrode unit of the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer so as to enable the whole screen to vibrate and sound, wherein the flexible reflection type liquid crystal display panel replaces a polarizer with dye liquid crystal, so that the screen with reduced thickness can meet the requirement of directional sound production vibration.
As shown in fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a screen-oriented sound emitting device, including:
the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer 1 comprises a substrate 101, a first electrode 102, a support column 105 and a second electrode 109, wherein the substrate 101, the first electrode 102, the support column 105 and the second electrode 109 are stacked, the support column is used for forming a vibration cavity between the first electrode and the second electrode, the second electrode 109 is fixedly connected with the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel 2, and the second electrode 109 and the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel 2 form a vibration diaphragm of the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer 1. Therefore, the second electrode and the flexible reflection type liquid crystal display panel form an integrated vibrating diaphragm, namely, the flexible reflection type liquid crystal display panel is used as a vibrating electrode unit of the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer, so that the whole screen can vibrate and sound, the screen orientation generating device comprising the ultrasonic transducer and the flexible reflection type liquid crystal display panel has integrity and light weight, and the screen orientation generating device is thinned.
In one possible implementation, the thickness of the second electrode 109 is on the order of nanometers. The thinner the diaphragm is, the less force is required to drive the diaphragm to vibrate, and therefore, the thickness of the second electrode 109 is in the order of nanometers, which is advantageous for the diaphragm to vibrate, for example, the thickness of the second electrode 109 is 1 nanometer to 10 nanometers. For example, the second electrode 109 may be a metal oxide electrode made of Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), Indium Zinc Oxide (IZO), Zinc Tin Oxide (ZTO), or a metal electrode, and if the metal electrode is used, a thickness of a nanometer scale may be achieved through a sputtering process.
In a possible implementation manner, since it is difficult for the second electrode 109 with a thickness of nanometer order to satisfy the requirement of the electrode resistance value, the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer 1 further includes: a first auxiliary metal electrode 108 disposed on the side of the second electrode 109 facing the supporting pillar 105, wherein the first auxiliary metal electrode 108 includes a first metal frame 1081, and the first metal frame 1081 is formed at the edge of the second electrode 109, as shown in fig. 3a, and the first auxiliary metal electrode 108, the second electrode 109, and the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel 2 constitute a diaphragm of the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer 1.
Further, in a possible implementation manner, as shown in fig. 3b, the first auxiliary metal electrode 108 further includes a first metal grid line 1082 disposed in the first metal frame 1081 and connected to the first metal frame 1081, and a driving signal emitted by the chip is provided to the second electrode 109 with a nanoscale thickness through the first metal frame 1081 and the first metal grid line 1082, so that the signal transmission speed is faster and more uniform, and the delay can be reduced. In addition, since the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel is adopted in the embodiment, and the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer 1 is disposed away from the light emitting side, the first metal frame 1081 and the first metal grid lines 1082 do not affect the light emitting, and are not limited by the bezel, and the first metal frame 1081 can be properly widened to further reduce the resistance, which is beneficial to the impedance matching of the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer 1.
In one specific example, the first metal frame 1081 and the first metal grid lines 1082 can be prepared using a silver paste printing process or a copper (Cu) plating followed by a yellow light process.
In one possible implementation, the thickness of the first electrode 102 is on the micrometer scale or nanometer scale. For example, the thickness of the first electrode 102 is 1 micron to 10 microns, or 1 nanometer to 10 nanometers. For example, the first electrode 102 may be a metal oxide electrode made of Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), Indium Zinc Oxide (IZO), Zinc Tin Oxide (ZTO), or the like, or may be a metal electrode.
If the thickness of the first electrode 102 is in the micron order, the first electrode 102 can satisfy the requirement of the electrode resistance value. If the thickness of the first electrode 102 is on the nanometer scale, since the first electrode 102 with the thickness on the nanometer scale is difficult to satisfy the requirement of the electrode resistance value, in a possible implementation manner, as shown in fig. 4a and 4b, the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer 1 further includes: a second auxiliary metal electrode 103 disposed on a side of the first electrode 102 facing the supporting post 105, wherein the second auxiliary metal electrode 103 includes a second metal frame 1031, and the second metal frame 1031 is formed on an edge of the first electrode 102.
In one possible implementation, as shown in fig. 4a and 4b, the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer 1 further includes an electrical connection portion 1034 formed by, for example, a conductive adhesive, and a first lead 1032 and a second electrode lead 1033 disposed in the same layer as the second metal frame 1031 of the second auxiliary metal electrode 103 connected to the first electrode 102 with a nanometer thickness, where the first lead 1032 and the second lead 1033 are respectively used for connecting external electrodes, the second metal frame 1031 of the second auxiliary metal electrode 103 is connected to the first lead 1032, the first metal frame 1081 of the first auxiliary metal electrode 108 is connected to the second electrode lead 1033 through the electrical connection portion 1034, after bonding, signals given by external electrodes can be given to the first electrode 102 through the first electrode lead 1032, the second metal frame 1031 (and the second metal grid lines), signals given by external electrodes can be given to the second electrode 109 through the second electrode lead 1033, the electrical connection portion and the first metal frame 1081 (and the first metal grid lines 1082), wherein the signals from the external electrodes to the first electrode 102 and the second electrode 109 are independent.
Further, the first electrode lead 1032 and the second electrode lead 1033 are both formed at one side of the first electrode 102, so that bonding electrodes for connecting with external electrodes are integrated at one side, which can facilitate the fabrication of the first electrode lead 1032 and the second electrode lead 1033 and reduce the process difficulty; on the other hand, the first electrode lead 1032 and the second electrode lead 1033 are integrated on one side and arranged on the same layer, so that the increase of the thickness of the display device caused by the independent arrangement of the two electrode leads can be avoided, and the thickness of the screen directional sound production device can be reduced.
In a possible implementation manner, as shown in fig. 5a and 5b, the second auxiliary metal electrode 103 further includes a second metal grid line 1035 disposed in the second metal frame 1031 and connected to the second metal frame 1031.
Similar to the effect of the first auxiliary metal electrode 108, the driving signal from the chip is transmitted to the first electrode 102 with a thickness of nanometer scale through the second metal frame 1031 and the second metal grid lines 1035, the signal transmission speed is faster and more uniform, and the delay can be reduced. In addition, since the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel is adopted in the embodiment, and the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer 1 is disposed away from the light exit side, the second metal frame 1031 and the second metal grid lines 1035 do not affect the light exit, and are not limited by the bezel, and the second metal frame 1031 can be properly widened to further reduce the resistance, which is beneficial to the impedance matching of the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer 1. In a specific example, the second metal frame 1031 and the second metal grid lines 1035 may be prepared by a silver paste printing process or a copper (Cu) plating followed by a yellow light process.
In a possible implementation manner, the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer 1 further includes a first insulating layer 104 disposed on the side of the supporting column 105 facing the first electrode 102 and/or a second insulating layer 107 disposed on the side facing the second electrode 109, and in a case where the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer 1 includes the second insulating layer 107, the second electrode 103, and the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel 2 constitute a diaphragm of the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer 1.
The first insulating layer 104 and the second insulating layer 107 can prevent the first electrode layer 102 and the second electrode layer 109 from being electrically connected to cause short circuit, and particularly prevent the second electrode layer 109 as a part of the diaphragm from being short-circuited during vibration.
In a specific example, the first insulating layer 104 and the second insulating layer 107 may be an inorganic insulating layer or an organic insulating layer, respectively, wherein the thickness of the organic insulating layer needs to be set to 10 μm to 30 μm, for example.
In a possible implementation manner, the first electrode 102 and the second electrode 109 may be respectively an integral electrode, or may be partitioned according to the number of signal channels.
In one specific example, the height of the supporting column 105 is set to 8 μm to 30 μm, for example, and the shape thereof may be a cylindrical shape, a square shape, or other shapes.
In a possible implementation manner, the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer 1 further includes a frame adhesive layer 106 disposed between the first electrode 102 and the second electrode 109, a projection of the frame adhesive layer 106 on the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel 2 is covered by a projection of the first metal frame 1081 on the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel 2, and the frame adhesive layer 106 is provided with at least one air circulation channel so as to communicate the vibration cavity with an external space. The sealant layer 106 is used to realize the adhesion and fixation of the vibrating diaphragm of the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer and the first electrode 102 facing the supporting pillar 105, and the wider the sealant layer 106 is, the larger the vibration ineffective area that cannot be vibrated is. Since the vibration effect of the edge region of the second electrode 109 corresponding to the first metal frame 1081 is already affected, the edge region of the second electrode 109 corresponding to the first metal frame 1081 may not be used as an effective vibration region, and therefore, the width of the frame adhesive layer 106 is limited to be equal to or less than the width of the first metal frame 1081, that is, the projection of the frame adhesive layer 106 on the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel 2 is covered by the projection of the first metal frame 1081 on the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel 2, and the influence of the frame adhesive layer 106 on the vibration effect can be minimized. In addition, the adhesive firmness is affected by the frame adhesive layer 106 being too narrow, and therefore, the width of the frame adhesive layer 106 can be further set to be equal to the width of the first metal frame 1081, that is, the projection of the frame adhesive layer 106 on the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel 2 is overlapped by the projection of the first metal frame 1081 on the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel 2, as shown in fig. 2, wherein the first auxiliary metal electrode 108 shown in fig. 2 only includes the first metal frame 1081, and the second auxiliary metal electrode 103 only includes the second metal frame 1031.
Note that, as shown in fig. 2, in the case where the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer 1 includes the first insulating layer 104 disposed on the side of the supporting column 105 facing the first electrode 102 and the second insulating layer 107 disposed on the side of the second electrode 109, the frame glue layer 106 is disposed between the first insulating layer 104 and the second insulating layer 107, and is used for achieving the adhesive fixation of the diaphragm of the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer and the side of the second insulating layer 107 facing the supporting column 105.
In a possible implementation manner, as shown in fig. 6, the frame adhesive layer 106 includes a plurality of frame adhesive units 1061, and an air circulation channel is disposed between two adjacent frame adhesive units 1061, that is, the frame adhesive layer 106 is a segmented frame adhesive, a blocking unit 1062 parallel to the frame adhesive unit 1061 is disposed on one side of each air circulation channel close to the support column, and the width of the blocking unit 1062 is greater than that of the air circulation channel, so as to block dust from falling into the vibration chamber to affect the sound production effect.
Further, in a possible implementation manner, on the basis of the structure shown in fig. 6, as shown in fig. 7, a first extending portion 1063 is disposed at an end of one side of the sealant unit 1061 facing the blocking unit 1062, and a second extending portion 1064 is disposed at an end of one side of the blocking unit 1062 facing the sealant unit 1061, wherein two second extending portions 1064 are disposed between two first extending portions 1063 disposed on the same sealant unit 1061, and two second extending portions 1064 are disposed on different blocking units 1062; two first extending portions 1063 are disposed between two second extending portions 1064 disposed on the same blocking unit 1062, and the two first extending portions 1063 are disposed on different sealant units, so that air can successfully enter the vibration chamber through the S-shaped channel when entering the vibration chamber through the air circulation channel, thereby further preventing dust from falling into the vibration chamber to affect the sound production effect.
Further, in a possible implementation manner, on the basis of the structure shown in fig. 6, as shown in fig. 8, the frame adhesive layer 106 includes a plurality of frame adhesive units 1061, an air circulation channel is disposed between two adjacent frame adhesive units, a blocking unit 1062 parallel to the frame adhesive unit 1061 is disposed on one side of each air circulation channel close to the support column, a second blocking unit 1065 parallel to and staggered with the blocking unit 1062 is disposed on one side of each blocking unit 1062 close to the support column, and the width of the blocking unit is greater than that of the air circulation channel, so that dust is prevented from falling into the vibration chamber to affect the sound production effect.
Further, in a possible implementation manner, on the basis of the structure shown in fig. 8, as shown in fig. 9, an end portion of one side of the sealant unit 1061 facing the blocking unit 1062 and the second blocking unit 1065 is provided with a first extending portion 1063, so that when air enters the vibration chamber through the air circulation channel, the air can successfully enter through the U-shaped channel, and thus, the sound production effect can be further prevented from being influenced by falling of dust.
In one possible implementation, the substrate 101 is a glass substrate;
in one possible implementation manner, as shown in fig. 2, the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel 2 includes an array substrate, a color filter substrate, and a dye liquid crystal layer 203 disposed between the array substrate and the color filter substrate.
In a specific example, the substrate 201 of the array substrate is a flexible substrate such as a yellow PI film, and as shown in fig. 2, the array substrate includes a resin layer (not shown), a driving circuit layer 202 (thin film transistor layer), and a reflective metal layer (not shown) sequentially formed on the substrate 201. The substrate 205 of the color filter substrate is a flexible substrate such as a CPI film and a TAC film, and as shown in fig. 2, the color filter substrate includes a color filter layer 204 formed on the substrate 205.
In a possible implementation manner, the array substrate needs to be a thin film material with better mechanical properties and thermal properties, and the color film substrate also has a requirement on optical properties on the basis of ensuring the mechanical properties and the thermal properties, then:
the array substrate and the color film substrate respectively have at least one of the following performances: the tensile strength is more than 81MPa, the Young modulus is more than or equal to 2.7GPa, the glass transition temperature is more than 380 ℃, and the thermal expansion coefficient in the temperature range of 100-350 ℃ is less than 40 ppm/k;
the color film substrate has at least one of the following properties: the light transmittance is more than 90%, the phase difference is less than 100nm, and the yellowing value is less than 5.
In one possible implementation, the thickness of the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel 2 is less than 50 μm (the thinner the vibration sound effect is better);
furthermore, the thickness of the array substrate and the color film substrate is required to be less than 25 μm respectively.
In one possible implementation, the cell thickness of the dye liquid crystal layer 203 is 4 μm. For the dye liquid crystal layer 203, since there is no polarizer, it is only necessary to satisfy the reflectance and the contrast, so the cell thickness of the dye liquid crystal layer 203 can be adjusted at will, and if the cell thickness is high, the reflectance is low and the contrast becomes high. In general, the cell thickness of the dye liquid crystal layer 203 is adjusted to 4 μm, and a high reflectance and contrast can be achieved.
In one possible implementation manner, similar to the lower half of fig. 1, the array substrate includes a substrate, and a driving circuit layer, a resin bump layer and a reflective layer stacked on the substrate, wherein the resin bump layer replaces the function of a scattering film to realize diffuse reflection.
In a specific example, the protrusion size of the resin protrusion layer is set to 4 μm to 10 μm, the slope angle of the protrusion is set to 4 ° to 12 °, and the gap (Bump Space) of the protrusion is set to 4 μm to 7 μm.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing the screen-oriented sound generating device provided in the above embodiment, where the preparation method includes:
forming an electrostatic ultrasonic transducer on a light-emitting side of a flexible reflection type liquid crystal display panel, so as to obtain a screen directional sound-generating device, wherein the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer comprises a substrate, a first electrode, a support column and a second electrode which are stacked, the support column is used for forming a vibration cavity between the first electrode and the second electrode, the second electrode is fixedly connected with the flexible reflection type liquid crystal display panel, and the second electrode and the flexible reflection type liquid crystal display panel form a vibration membrane of the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer.
As shown in fig. 10, the forming of the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer on the side of the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel facing away from the light-emitting side includes:
s101, forming a second electrode on the light emitting side of the flexible reflection type liquid crystal display panel, wherein the light emitting side deviates from the light emitting side, and obtaining a first structure;
s102, forming a first electrode on a substrate, and forming a support pillar on the first electrode to obtain a second structure;
s103, fixedly connecting the first structure with the second structure to obtain the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer comprising the substrate, the first electrode, the supporting column and the second electrode which are arranged in a stacked mode.
In a specific example, as shown in fig. 11, for the first structure, after forming the second electrode on the array substrate (TFT-side substrate) of the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel through, for example, a plating process, a first auxiliary metal electrode and a second insulating layer including a first metal frame and a first metal grid line may be further formed on the second electrode away from the light exit side, for example, a metal film is formed on the second electrode, and a pattern of the first auxiliary metal electrode is formed through a patterning process by using a mask process, where the first auxiliary metal electrode includes a first metal frame and a first metal grid line located in the first metal frame and connected to the first metal frame, and the first metal frame is formed at an edge of the second electrode. And then, forming a second insulating layer on the side of the first auxiliary metal electrode and the second electrode, which is far away from the flexible reflection type liquid crystal display panel, wherein the second insulating layer can be made of inorganic insulating materials such as silicon oxide, silicon nitride or silicon oxynitride, and can also be made of organic insulating materials such as crosslinked polyethylene or high-hardness ethylene propylene rubber, and optionally, the second insulating layer is made by adopting a deposition process or a thin film coating process.
In a specific example, as shown in fig. 12, for the second structure, a first electrode is formed on a substrate, such as a Glass substrate (Glass), by a plating process, a second auxiliary metal electrode and a first insulating layer are formed on a side of the first electrode away from the Glass substrate, for example, a metal film is formed on the first electrode, a pattern of the second auxiliary metal electrode is formed by a patterning process by using a mask process, the second auxiliary metal electrode includes a second metal frame and a second metal grid line located in the second metal frame and connected to the second metal frame, and the second metal frame is formed at an edge of the first electrode. And then, forming a first insulating layer on the second auxiliary metal electrode and the first electrode, wherein the first insulating layer can be made of inorganic insulating materials such as silicon oxide, silicon nitride or silicon oxynitride, and can also be made of organic insulating materials such as crosslinked polyethylene or high-hardness ethylene propylene rubber, and the first insulating layer is made by adopting a deposition process or a thin film coating process. Then, a support pillar (which may be referred to as PS or Spacer dot) is formed on the side of the first insulating layer facing away from the glass substrate by a patterning process using a mask, and the support pillar has a cylindrical or square shape and a height of, for example, 8 μm to 30 μm.
Continuing with the foregoing example, after obtaining the first structure and the second structure, the first structure and the second structure may be bonded and fixed by the frame glue layer.
In the embodiments of the present invention, the material of each functional layer is not limited, and the material of each functional layer is not limited to the above examples. Thus, the preparation of the screen directional sounding device is completed.
It should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other variations and modifications can be made on the basis of the above description, and all embodiments cannot be exhaustive, and all obvious variations and modifications belonging to the technical scheme of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (20)
1. A screen-directed sound emitting device, comprising: the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer comprises a substrate, a first electrode, a support column and a second electrode which are arranged in a stacked mode, wherein the support column is used for forming a vibration cavity between the first electrode and the second electrode, the second electrode is fixedly connected with the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel, and the second electrode and the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel form a vibration membrane of the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer.
2. The device of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the second electrode is on the order of nanometers.
3. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer further comprises a first auxiliary metal electrode disposed on the side of the second electrode facing the support column, the first auxiliary metal electrode comprises a first metal frame formed on the edge of the second electrode, and the first auxiliary metal electrode, the second electrode and the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel constitute a diaphragm of the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer.
4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the first auxiliary metal electrode further comprises a first metal grid line disposed within and connected to the first metal frame.
5. The device of claim 3, wherein the thickness of the first electrode is micro-scale or nano-scale.
6. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein in a case where the thickness of the first electrode is on the order of nanometers, the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer further comprises a second auxiliary metal electrode disposed on a side of the first electrode facing the support column, the second auxiliary metal electrode comprising a second metal frame formed at an edge of the first electrode.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the second auxiliary metal electrode further comprises a second metal grid line disposed within and connected to the second metal frame.
8. The device of claim 6, wherein the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer further comprises an electrical connection portion and a first electrode lead and a second electrode lead disposed on the same layer as the second metal frame;
the first metal frame is connected with the second lead through the electric connection part;
the second metal frame is connected with the first lead;
the first lead and the second lead are respectively used for connecting external electrodes.
9. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer further comprises a first insulating layer provided on the supporting column toward the first electrode side and/or a second insulating layer toward the second electrode side, and in the case where the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer comprises the second insulating layer, the second electrode, and the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel constitute a diaphragm of the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer.
10. The device according to claim 3, wherein the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer further comprises a frame adhesive layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, a projection of the frame adhesive layer on the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel is covered by a projection of the first metal frame on the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel, and the frame adhesive layer is provided with at least one air circulation channel to communicate the vibration cavity with an external space.
11. The device according to claim 10, wherein the sealant layer comprises a plurality of sealant units, and an air circulation channel is disposed between two adjacent sealant units, a blocking unit parallel to the sealant units is disposed on a side of each air circulation channel close to the supporting pillar, and a width of the blocking unit is greater than a width of the air circulation channel.
12. The display device according to claim 11,
the end part of one side of the frame glue unit facing the blocking unit is provided with a first extending part,
the end part of one side of the blocking unit facing the frame glue unit is provided with a second extending part,
two second extending parts are arranged between the two first extending parts arranged on the same frame glue unit, and the two second extending parts are arranged on different blocking units; two first extending parts are arranged between the two second extending parts arranged on the same blocking unit, and the two first extending parts are arranged on different frame glue units.
13. The device of claim 1, wherein the substrate is a glass substrate.
14. The device of claim 1, wherein the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel comprises an array substrate, a color filter substrate, and a dye liquid crystal layer disposed between the array substrate and the color filter substrate.
15. The device of claim 14, wherein the array substrate and the color filter substrate each have at least one of the following properties: the tensile strength is more than 81MPa, the Young modulus is more than or equal to 2.7GPa, the glass transition temperature is more than 380 ℃, and the thermal expansion coefficient in the temperature range of 100-350 ℃ is less than 40 ppm/k;
the color film substrate has at least one of the following properties: the light transmittance is more than 90%, the phase difference is less than 100nm, and the yellowing value is less than 5.
16. A device according to claim 14 or 15, wherein the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel has a thickness of less than 50 μm.
17. The device of claim 14, wherein the cell thickness of the dye liquid crystal layer is 4 μm.
18. The device of claim 14, wherein the array substrate comprises a substrate, and a driving circuit layer, a resin bump layer and a reflective layer stacked on the substrate.
19. A method for preparing a screen directional sounding device is characterized by comprising the following steps:
forming an electrostatic ultrasonic transducer on a light-emitting side of a flexible reflection type liquid crystal display panel, so as to obtain a screen directional sound-generating device, wherein the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer comprises a substrate, a first electrode, a support column and a second electrode which are stacked, the support column is used for forming a vibration cavity between the first electrode and the second electrode, the second electrode is fixedly connected with the flexible reflection type liquid crystal display panel, and the second electrode and the flexible reflection type liquid crystal display panel form a vibration membrane of the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer.
20. The method of claim 19, wherein forming the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer on the light exit side of the flexible reflective liquid crystal display panel comprises:
forming a second electrode on the side of the flexible reflection type liquid crystal display panel departing from the light emergent side to obtain a first structure;
forming a first electrode on a substrate, and forming a support pillar on the first electrode to obtain a second structure;
and fixedly connecting the first structure with the second structure to obtain the electrostatic ultrasonic transducer comprising the substrate, the first electrode, the support column and the second electrode which are arranged in a stacked manner.
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