CN114141471B - Demagnetizing system, method, device and medium - Google Patents
Demagnetizing system, method, device and medium Download PDFInfo
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- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F13/00—Apparatus or processes for magnetising or demagnetising
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Abstract
The application discloses a demagnetizing system, a method, a device and a medium, comprising the following steps: the system comprises a controller, a full-bridge circuit and a current acquisition module. The first end of full bridge circuit is connected with the first end of transformer, and the second end of full bridge circuit is connected with the second end of transformer, and the public end is connected with the current acquisition module, and the current acquisition module is connected with the controller for gather the current secondary side current value of transformer, the controller is connected with the control end of full bridge circuit, is used for when the iron core saturation of transformer, and the output voltage of control full bridge circuit changes from forward voltage to reverse voltage to when current secondary side current value reaches the preset current value, control full bridge circuit stops output voltage. Therefore, the technical scheme provided by the application is that the forward voltage output by the full-bridge circuit is controlled by the controller to be changed into the reverse voltage, and when the current of the current secondary side of the transformer reaches a preset current value, the output voltage is controlled to be stopped so as to realize rapid demagnetization, and the demagnetization efficiency of the transformer is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of demagnetizing technologies, and in particular, to a demagnetizing system, method, apparatus, and medium.
Background
When a newly built transformer substation is put into operation or the transformer is put into operation again after overhauling, the no-load closing transformer can generate larger excitation surge current, and the safety and stable operation of a power grid can be directly affected by the fact that the excitation surge current is too high. The residual magnetic flux is one of the main factors causing the excitation surge current of the transformer, when the circuit breaker is closed, the residual magnetic flux exists in the iron core, and when the circuit breaker is reclosed, the residual magnetic flux can cause the iron core of the transformer to be saturated, so that the excitation surge current is too high, and the important influence is caused on an alternating current-direct current power grid. Thus, removal of residual magnetic flux in the core is critical to the proper operation of the grid.
Since the time interval between each reclosing action of the circuit breaker is short, only a high-speed operation method can be used to relieve the residual magnetic flux so as to prevent the magnetizing inrush current from being too high due to the saturation of the transformer core. At present, a direct current demagnetizing method, an alternating current demagnetizing method and a composite demagnetizing method are generally used for eliminating residual magnetic flux of an iron core, the direct current demagnetizing method is to eliminate magnetizing current through applying coercivity, the magnetic flux density B is reduced to zero, the magnetic flux density of the iron core needs to be accurately obtained by the direct current demagnetizing method, the magnetic flux density and a hysteresis loop are complex in operation and high in cost. The ac demagnetizing method is to put the transformer in a series of alternating magnetic fields with slowly decreasing amplitude to make the residual magnetic flux of its iron core slowly decrease to zero, and the cyclic demagnetizing method is time-consuming, especially in high voltage system, the large power transformer needs a lot of time for demagnetizing due to slow attenuation of inductive eddy current and uneasy change of magnetic domain polarity. The composite demagnetizing method has the advantages that the original residual magnetic flux of the magnet is reduced to be low enough by a direct current reverse magnetic field which is strong enough, then the residual magnetic flux is completely eliminated by a power frequency piezoelectric current alternating magnetic field, and the composite demagnetizing method is complex in procedure and low in demagnetizing speed.
Therefore, how to accurately and rapidly implement the demagnetization of the transformer is a problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a demagnetizing system, method, device and medium, when the iron core of a transformer is saturated, a controller controls the forward voltage output by a full-bridge circuit to be changed into reverse voltage, and when the current of the current secondary side reaches a preset current value, the controller controls the full-bridge circuit to stop outputting the voltage so as to achieve demagnetization of the transformer.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a demagnetizing system, comprising: the system comprises a controller, a full-bridge circuit and a current acquisition module;
the first end and the second end of the full-bridge circuit are respectively connected with the first end and the second end of the transformer, and the common end of the second end of the full-bridge circuit and the second end of the transformer is connected with the current acquisition module;
the current acquisition module is connected with the controller and is used for acquiring the current value of the current secondary side of the transformer;
the controller is connected with the control end of the full-bridge circuit and is used for controlling the output voltage of the full-bridge circuit to change from forward voltage to reverse voltage when the iron core of the transformer is saturated, and controlling the full-bridge circuit to stop outputting the voltage when the current value of the current secondary side reaches a preset current value, and the magnetic flux density and the magnetic flux intensity of the transformer can be gradually reduced until the reduction is zero due to inertia so as to realize demagnetization of the transformer;
The preset current value is obtained by adopting a J-A hysteresis model through calculation, and the J-A hysteresis model comprises 5 basic parameters: saturation magnetization M s Hysteresis-freeA shape parameter a of a magnetization curve, an irreversible loss coefficient k, a reversible magnetization coefficient c and a magnetic domain internal coupling average field parameter alpha;
the saturation magnetization M is given arbitrarily s The shape parameter a of the hysteresis-free magnetization curve, the irreversible loss coefficient k, the reversible magnetization coefficient c and the magnetic domain internal coupling average field parameter alpha are an initial value, and the saturation magnetization M s The saturation points of different hysteresis loops obtained through multiple sets of measurement are determined through least square fitting, and then 5 basic parameters of the J-A hysteresis model are obtained through continuous iterative calculation of the following formulas (1) - (5), wherein suffixes in, C, r, ta respectively represent a hysteresis curve starting point A, a coercive point D, a remanence point C and a vertex B corresponding to the J-A hysteresis model;
wherein said x (in) The initial magnetic susceptibility corresponding to the starting point A is obtained;
wherein the M an(c) For the magnetization without hysteresis corresponding to the coercive point D, the x is (c) For the magnetic susceptibility corresponding to the coercive point D, the x is an(c) The magnetic susceptibility without hysteresis effect corresponding to the coercive point D is obtained;
wherein the M (r) The M is the residual magnetic point intensity corresponding to the residual magnetic point C an(r) For the magnetization of the remanence point C point without hysteresis effect, the x is (r) The magnetic susceptibility corresponding to the point C of the remanence point is the point x an(r) Magnetization without hysteresis effect corresponding to the remanence point CA rate;
wherein the M (ta) The M is the residual magnetic point intensity corresponding to the point B of the vertex an(ta) For the magnetization of the point B corresponding to the vertex without hysteresis effect, the x (ta) The magnetic susceptibility corresponding to the point B of the vertex is obtained;
wherein said x an Is magnetic susceptibility without hysteresis effect;
wherein the M irr For irreversible magnetization, the mu 0 Is vacuum magnetic permeability;
wherein δ is a direction coefficient;
H e ＝H+αM； (10)
wherein the R is sec Is a secondary side resistance, i sec As a secondary side current, the N sec Is the number of secondary side turns, theIs the magnetic flux of the iron core, and the relation between the current and the magnetic field intensity in the iron core is as follows:
wherein l is the length of the iron core, A is the cross-sectional area of the iron core, andfrom the J-A hysteresis model, by applying the U in formula (14) sec Set to 0, and can be solved to obtain the H, H sec And said I sec Wherein the H sec The coercive force of the coercive point D is equal to the H, and Isec is the preset current value.
Preferably, the demagnetizing system further comprises a switching device;
one end of the switching device is connected with a common end of the first end of the full-bridge circuit and the first end of the transformer, and the other end of the switching device is connected with a common end of the second end of the full-bridge circuit and the second end of the transformer.
Preferably, the full-bridge circuit comprises a first switching tube, a second switching tube, a third switching tube, a fourth switching tube and a voltage source;
the control end of the first switching tube, the control end of the second switching tube, the control end of the third switching tube and the control end of the fourth switching tube are connected with the controller;
the first end of the first switching tube is connected with the second end of the second switching tube, the common end is used as the first end of the full-bridge circuit, the second end of the first switching tube is connected with the first end of the third switching tube, the common end is connected with one end of the voltage source, the first end of the second switching tube is connected with the second end of the fourth switching tube, the common end is connected with the other end of the voltage source, the second end of the third switching tube is connected with the first end of the fourth switching tube, and the common end is used as the second end of the full-bridge circuit.
Preferably, the first switching tube, the second switching tube, the third switching tube and the fourth switching tube are all triodes with body diodes.
In order to solve the technical problem, the application also provides a demagnetizing method, which is applied to the demagnetizing system and comprises the following steps:
acquiring a current value of a current secondary side of the transformer;
judging whether the iron core of the transformer is saturated, and if so, controlling the output voltage of the full-bridge circuit to be changed from forward voltage to reverse voltage;
determining whether the current value of the current secondary side reaches a preset current value, if so, controlling the full-bridge circuit to stop outputting voltage, wherein the magnetic flux density and the magnetic flux intensity of the transformer gradually decrease due to inertia until the current value is reduced to zero to realize demagnetization of the transformer;
the preset current value is obtained by adopting a J-A hysteresis model through calculation, and the J-A hysteresis model comprises 5 basic parameters: saturation magnetization M s Shape parameter a of hysteresis-free magnetization curve, irreversible loss coefficient k, reversible magnetization coefficient c, average field parameter alpha of magnetic domain internal coupling;
the saturation magnetization M is given arbitrarily s The shape parameter a of the hysteresis-free magnetization curve, the irreversible loss factor k, the reversible magnetization factor c and the magnetic domain internal coupling are flat An initial value of the uniform field parameter alpha, the saturation magnetization M s The saturation points of different hysteresis loops obtained through multiple sets of measurement are determined through least square fitting, and then 5 basic parameters of the J-A hysteresis model are obtained through continuous iterative calculation of the following formulas (1) - (5), wherein suffixes in, C, r, ta respectively represent a hysteresis curve starting point A, a coercive point D, a remanence point C and a vertex B corresponding to the J-A hysteresis model;
wherein said x (in) The initial magnetic susceptibility corresponding to the starting point A is obtained;
wherein the M an(c) For the magnetization without hysteresis corresponding to the coercive point D, the x is (c) For the magnetic susceptibility corresponding to the coercive point D, the x is an(c) The magnetic susceptibility without hysteresis effect corresponding to the coercive point D is obtained;
wherein the M (r) The M is the residual magnetic point intensity corresponding to the residual magnetic point C an(r) For the magnetization of the remanence point C point without hysteresis effect, the x is (r) The magnetic susceptibility corresponding to the point C of the remanence point is the point x an(r) The magnetic susceptibility without hysteresis effect corresponding to the remanence point C is obtained;
wherein the M (ta) The M is the residual magnetic point intensity corresponding to the point B of the vertex an(ta) For the magnetization of the point B corresponding to the vertex without hysteresis effect, the x (ta) The magnetic susceptibility corresponding to the point B of the vertex is obtained;
wherein said x an Is magnetic susceptibility without hysteresis effect;
wherein the M irr For irreversible magnetization, the mu 0 Is vacuum magnetic permeability;
wherein δ is a direction coefficient;
H e ＝H+αM； (10)
wherein the R is sec Is a secondary side resistance, i sec As a secondary side current, the N sec Is the number of secondary side turns, theIs the magnetic flux of the iron core, and the relation between the current and the magnetic field intensity in the iron core is as follows:
wherein l is the length of the iron core, A is the cross-sectional area of the iron core, andfrom the J-A hysteresis model, by applying the U in formula (14) sec Set to 0, and can be solved to obtain the H, H sec And said I sec Wherein the H sec The coercive force of the coercive point D is equal to the H, and Isec is the preset current value.
Preferably, the determining whether the core of the transformer is saturated includes:
calculating a saturated secondary side current value when an iron core of the transformer is saturated;
and judging whether the current value of the current secondary side is equal to the current value of the saturated secondary side, and if so, determining that the iron core of the transformer is saturated.
In order to solve the technical problem, the application also provides a demagnetizing device, which comprises a memory for storing a computer program;
A processor for implementing the steps of the demagnetizing method as described when executing the computer program.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present application also provides a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the demagnetization method as described.
The demagnetizing system provided by the application comprises: the system comprises a controller, a full-bridge circuit and a current acquisition module. The first end of full bridge circuit is connected with the first end of transformer, and the second end of full bridge circuit is connected with the second end of transformer, and the public end is connected with current acquisition module, and current acquisition module still is connected with the controller for gather the current value of current secondary side of transformer, in addition, the controller is connected with the control end of full bridge circuit for when the iron core saturation of transformer, control full bridge circuit's output voltage changes from forward voltage to reverse voltage, and when current secondary side current value reaches the preset current value, control full bridge circuit stops output voltage. Therefore, according to the technical scheme provided by the application, when the transformer iron core is saturated, the controller is used for controlling the output voltage of the full-bridge circuit to be changed from the forward voltage to the reverse voltage so as to reduce the magnetic flux intensity and the magnetic flux density of the transformer, and when the current of the current secondary side of the transformer reaches a preset current value, the full-bridge circuit is controlled to stop outputting the voltage so as to realize the demagnetization of the transformer, so that the demagnetization of the transformer is realized rapidly and accurately by changing the voltage applied to the transformer, and the demagnetization efficiency of the transformer is improved.
In addition, the application also provides a demagnetizing method, a device and a medium, which correspond to the demagnetizing system and have the same effects.
Drawings
For a clearer description of embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described, it being apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for those skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a demagnetizing system according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a B-H hysteresis curve based on J-A hysteresis model according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a demagnetizing method according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a demagnetizing device according to another embodiment of the present application;
the reference numerals are as follows: the full-bridge power supply comprises a controller 1, a full-bridge circuit 2, a current acquisition module 3 and a transformer 4.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without making any inventive effort are within the scope of the present application.
The application provides a demagnetizing system, a method, a device and a medium, wherein when the iron core of a transformer is saturated, the controller controls the output voltage of a full-bridge circuit to be changed from forward voltage to reverse voltage, and when the current of the current secondary side of the transformer reaches a preset current value, the controller controls the full-bridge circuit to stop outputting the reverse voltage, so that the magnetic flux density and the magnetic flux intensity become zero gradually to realize the demagnetizing of the transformer.
In order to better understand the aspects of the present application, the present application will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
When the circuit breaker is closed, residual magnetic flux exists in the iron core, and when the circuit breaker is reclosed, the residual magnetic flux can lead to saturation of the iron core of the transformer, so that the high exciting current can cause the high exciting current to have an important influence on the AC/DC power grid. Thus, removal of residual magnetic flux in the core is critical to the proper operation of the grid.
At present, a direct current demagnetizing method, an alternating current demagnetizing method and a compound demagnetizing method are generally used for eliminating residual magnetic flux of an iron core, and the main principle of direct current demagnetizing is that a magnetic field opposite to an original magnetic field is applied to a magnet to realize demagnetization of a transformer, but the principle is simple, the magnetic flux density, the magnetic flux intensity and a hysteresis loop of the iron core are required to be accurately obtained by adopting direct current demagnetizing, and in addition, the operation is complex and the cost is high because the complete demagnetization can be realized by reversing for several times. Alternating current demagnetizing is carried out by applying an alternating magnetic field with higher change frequency and slowly reduced magnetic field strength to a magnet until the remanence is zero, namely, the original remanence of the magnet is firstly demagnetized to be low enough by a direct current reverse magnetic field with enough intensity, then the remanence is completely demagnetized by alternating magnetic field generated by power frequency low voltage current, and the cyclic demagnetizing method is adopted, so that the process is time-consuming, especially in a high-voltage system, the large-scale power transformer needs to consume a large amount of time due to slow attenuation of inductive eddy current and difficult change of magnetic domain polarity. The composite demagnetizing method has the advantages that the original residual magnetic flux of the magnet is reduced to be low enough by a direct current reverse magnetic field which is strong enough, then the residual magnetic flux is completely eliminated by a power frequency piezoelectric current alternating magnetic field, and the composite demagnetizing method is complex in procedure and low in demagnetizing speed.
Therefore, the current demagnetizing method is time-consuming, high in cost and low in accuracy, and in order to improve the demagnetizing efficiency of the transformer, the invention provides a demagnetizing system, when a transformer core is saturated, the controller controls the voltage output by the full-bridge circuit to be changed from forward voltage to reverse voltage, and when the current of the current secondary side of the transformer reaches a preset current value, the controller controls the full-bridge circuit to stop outputting the reverse voltage, so that the magnetic flux density and the magnetic flux intensity of the transformer gradually become zero, and the demagnetizing of the transformer is realized.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a demagnetization system according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the system includes a controller 1, a full-bridge circuit 2 and a current acquisition module 3, a first end and a second end of the full-bridge circuit 2 are respectively connected with a first end and a second end of a transformer 4, a common end of the second end of the full-bridge circuit 2 and the second end of the transformer 4 is connected with the current acquisition module 3, in addition, the current acquisition module 3 is further connected with the controller 1 and is used for acquiring a secondary side current value of the transformer 4, the controller 1 is connected with a control end of the full-bridge circuit 2, when an iron core of the transformer 4 is saturated, the controller 1 controls an output voltage of the full-bridge circuit 2 to change from a forward voltage to a reverse voltage, and when a current secondary side current value reaches a preset current value, the full-bridge circuit 2 is controlled to stop outputting the reverse voltage, so that a magnetic flux density and a magnetic flux intensity become gradually zero to realize demagnetization of the transformer 4.
The first end of the full-bridge circuit 2 is a common end formed by connecting the first end of the first switching tube Q1 and the second end of the second switching tube Q2, and the second end of the full-bridge circuit 2 is a common end formed by connecting the second end of the third switching tube Q3 and the first end of the fourth switching tube Q2.
The current obtaining module 3 may be a current meter that directly reads the current secondary side current of the transformer 4, or may be a voltmeter that obtains the voltage of the transformer 4 and determines the current secondary side current of the transformer 4 through calculation, or may be any other element as long as the current secondary side current of the transformer 4 can be obtained, so the current obtaining module 3 is not limited in the present invention. In addition, it should be noted that the first switching tube, the second switching tube, the third switching tube and the fourth switching tube in the full-bridge circuit 2 are all triodes with body diodes, and the invention is not limited to the specific structure of the full-bridge circuit 2.
In order to prevent the misoperation of the full-bridge circuit 2 from causing the secondary side of the transformer 4 to open, the demagnetizing system provided by the invention further comprises a switching device, one end of which is connected with the common end of the first end of the full-bridge circuit 2 and the first end of the transformer 4, and the other end of which is connected with the current acquisition module 3.
For ease of understanding, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a B-H hysteresis curve based on a J-a hysteresis model according to an embodiment of the present invention, where, as shown in fig. 2, point a is an initial magnetic flux of the transformer 4, point B is a saturation magnetic flux, point C is a residual magnetic flux density Br, point D is a coercive force point, and point E is determined by iterative calculation according to the J-a model. It should be noted that, point a is a starting point when the transformer 4 generates the residual magnetic flux, and fig. 2 is an illustration, and the position of the specific starting point a is at different positions on the ordinate B according to how much residual magnetic flux is generated by the actual transformer 4.
When the transformer 4 generates residual magnetic flux, the residual magnetic flux is located at a starting point A, when the switching device S1 is disconnected, the controller 1 controls the full-bridge circuit 2 to apply forward voltage to the secondary side of the transformer 4, so that the iron core magnetic flux is increased to a saturation point B, after the iron core is saturated, the controller 1 controls the full-bridge circuit 2 to apply reverse voltage, when the current acquisition module 3 acquires that the current value of the current secondary side of the transformer 4 reaches a preset current value, namely, when the iron core magnetic flux is reduced from the point B to the point E along a hysteresis curve, the point E is determined by iterative calculation according to a J-A hysteresis model, namely, the point E corresponds to the preset current value, the controller 1 controls the switching device S1 to be closed, and when the magnetic flux density B and the magnetic field strength H are both reduced to zero, namely, the point E is reduced to the point F, demagnetization is completed.
After the current obtaining module 3 obtains the current value of the current secondary side of the transformer 4, the current obtaining module compares the current value with a preset current value to determine whether the current value of the current secondary side reaches the preset current value, and if so, controls the full-bridge circuit 2 to stop outputting the reverse voltage. The preset current value is obtained by adopting a J-A hysteresis model to calculate, and the model comprises 5 basic parameters: saturation magnetization M s The shape parameter a of the hysteresis-free magnetization curve, the irreversible loss coefficient k, the reversible magnetization coefficient c and the domain internal coupling average field parameter alpha.
The saturation magnetization M is given at will s Shape parameter a of hysteresis-free magnetization curve, irreversible loss coefficient k, reversible magnetization coefficient c and average field parameter alpha of magnetic domain internal coupling are an initial value, saturation magnetization M s The saturation peaks of the different hysteresis loops obtained from the multiple sets of measurements are determined by least square fitting, and then 5 basic parameters of the J-a hysteresis model are obtained by continuous iterative calculation according to the following formulas (1) - (5), wherein the suffix in, C, r, ta represents the starting point a, the coercive point D, the remanence point C and the vertex B in the B-H curve of fig. 2, respectively.
Wherein x is (in) The initial magnetic susceptibility corresponding to the starting point a in fig. 2.
Wherein M is an(c) Magnetization, x, of FIG. 2, corresponding to coercive point D without hysteresis (c) For the susceptibility, x, corresponding to the coercive point D in FIG. 2 an(c) The magnetic susceptibility without hysteresis corresponding to the coercive point D in fig. 2.
Wherein M is (r) The residual magnetic point intensity corresponding to the residual magnetic point C in FIG. 2, M an(r) Magnetization, x, of the residual magnetic point C in FIG. 2, without hysteresis (r) The magnetic susceptibility corresponding to the point C of the residual magnetic point in FIG. 2, x an(r) The magnetic susceptibility of the residual magnetic point C in FIG. 2 is free from hysteresis effect.
Wherein M is (ta) For the remanence point intensity corresponding to the point B of the vertex in FIG. 2, M an(ta) For magnetization without hysteresis corresponding to point B in FIG. 2, x (ta) The magnetic susceptibility corresponding to the point B at the vertex in fig. 2.
Wherein x is an Is magnetic susceptibility without hysteresis effect.
Wherein M is irr Mu, as irreversible magnetization 0 Is vacuum magnetic permeability.
Where δ is the direction coefficient.
H e ＝H+αM (10)
Wherein R is sec Is the secondary side resistance, i sec Is the secondary side current, N sec Is the number of turns on the secondary side,is the magnetic flux of the iron core. In the iron core, the relation between the current and the magnetic field strength is:
l is the length of the iron core, A is the cross-sectional area of the iron core,from the J-A model by combining U in formula (14) sec Setting to 0, and solving to obtain H, H sec And I sec ，H sec I.e., the D-point coercivity in fig. 2, isec is the magnetizing current at which the E-point is reached.
When the magnetic flux density point of the iron core is E, an external power supply U is added sec Set to 0, the magnetic flux density and the magnetic flux intensity of the transformer 4 move from the point E to the point F due to inertia. Thus, U is sec When the H is set to 0, the obtained H size is H sec Further, I is obtained by the formula (13) sec 。
The demagnetizing system provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises: the system comprises a controller, a full-bridge circuit and a current acquisition module. The first end of full bridge circuit is connected with the first end of transformer, and the second end of full bridge circuit is connected with the second end of transformer, and the public end is connected with current acquisition module, and current acquisition module still is connected with the controller for gather the current value of current secondary side of transformer, in addition, the controller is connected with the control end of full bridge circuit for when the iron core saturation of transformer, control full bridge circuit's output voltage changes from forward voltage to reverse voltage, and when current secondary side current value reaches the preset current value, control full bridge circuit stops output voltage. Therefore, according to the technical scheme provided by the invention, when the transformer iron core is saturated, the controller is used for controlling the output voltage of the full-bridge circuit to be changed from the forward voltage to the reverse voltage so as to reduce the magnetic flux intensity and the magnetic flux density of the transformer, and when the current of the current secondary side of the transformer reaches a preset current value, the full-bridge circuit is controlled to stop outputting the voltage so as to realize the demagnetization of the transformer, so that the demagnetization of the transformer is realized rapidly and accurately by changing the voltage applied to the transformer, and the demagnetization efficiency of the transformer is improved.
In a specific embodiment, a secondary side of a normally operating transformer is generally connected with a power user, if a full-bridge circuit is misoperated, the secondary side of the transformer is opened, a power failure fault occurs, and normal power supply is affected.
When the transformer works normally, the switching device S1 is closed, the full-bridge circuit is not connected with the circuit, when the converter needs to be demagnetized, the controller sends out an instruction to control the switching device S1 to be disconnected, the full-bridge circuit is controlled to apply forward voltage until the transformer iron core is saturated, reverse voltage is applied through the controller until the current value of the current secondary side of the transformer reaches a preset current value, at the moment, the controller controls the full-bridge circuit to stop outputting voltage until the magnetic flux intensity and the magnetic flux density are reduced to zero, and then the controller sends out an instruction to close the switch S1, so that demagnetization is completed.
According to the demagnetizing system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the switching device is additionally arranged, so that the secondary side of the transformer is prevented from being opened, the power failure is further avoided, the normal power supply is ensured, meanwhile, the influence of the misoperation of the full-bridge circuit on the demagnetizing operation of the transformer is avoided, and the demagnetizing efficiency is further improved.
In implementation, as shown in fig. 2, the full-bridge circuit includes a first switching tube Q1, a second switching tube Q2, a third switching tube Q3, a fourth switching tube Q4, and a voltage source U. The control end of the first switching tube Q1, the control end of the second switching tube Q2, the control end of the third switching tube Q3 and the control end of the fourth switching tube Q4 are all connected with the controller, the first end of the first switching tube Q1 is connected with the second end of the second switching tube Q2, the common end serves as the first end of the full-bridge circuit, the first end of the full-bridge circuit is connected with one end of the transformer, the second end of the first switching tube Q1 is connected with the first end of the third switching tube Q3, the common end is connected with one end of the voltage source U, the first end of the second switching tube Q2 is connected with the second end of the fourth switching tube Q4, the common end is connected with the other end of the voltage source U, the second end of the third switching tube Q3 is connected with the first end of the fourth switching tube Q4, the common end serves as the second end of the full-bridge circuit, and the first end of the full-bridge circuit is connected with the other end of the transformer.
As shown in fig. 2, the first switching tube Q1, the second switching tube Q2, the third switching tube Q3 and the fourth switching tube Q4 of the full-bridge circuit are all transistors with body diodes, and of course, the invention is not limited to the structure of the full-bridge circuit. The two ends of the first diode D1 are respectively connected with the first end and the second end of the first switching tube Q1, the two ends of the second diode D2 are respectively connected with the first end and the second end of the second switching tube Q2, the two ends of the third diode D3 are respectively connected with the first end and the second end of the third switching tube Q3, and the two ends of the fourth diode D4 are respectively connected with the first end and the second end of the first switching tube Q4.
In specific implementation, when the transformer works normally, the switching device S1 is closed, the full-bridge circuit does not output voltage, when the switching device S1 is opened, the controller controls the full-bridge circuit to output forward voltage, when the transformer core is saturated, the controller controls the voltage output by the full-bridge circuit to change into reverse voltage, at this time, when the current acquisition module acquires that the current of the current secondary side of the transformer reaches a preset current value, the controller controls the full-bridge circuit to stop outputting reverse voltage, so that the magnetic flux intensity and the magnetic flux density are reduced to zero to finish demagnetization.
According to the demagnetizing system provided by the embodiment of the application, the controller controls the full-bridge circuit to apply voltage to the transformer iron core, so that the demagnetizing of the transformer is rapidly and accurately realized, and the demagnetizing efficiency of the transformer is improved.
In the above embodiments, the details of the demagnetization system are described, and the application also provides a corresponding embodiment of the demagnetization method. Fig. 3 is a flowchart of a demagnetization method according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 3, the method includes:
s10: and acquiring the current value of the current secondary side of the transformer.
S11: judging whether the iron core of the transformer is saturated, and if so, proceeding to step S12.
S12: the output voltage of the control full-bridge circuit is changed from a forward voltage to a reverse voltage.
S13: determining whether the current value of the present secondary side reaches a preset current value, if so, proceeding to step S14.
S14: and controlling the full-bridge circuit to stop outputting the voltage.
In a specific embodiment, the controller firstly obtains a current value of a primary secondary side of the transformer, and judges whether an iron core of the transformer is saturated, if the iron core of the transformer is saturated, the controller enters step S12 to control the output voltage of the full-bridge circuit to be changed from a forward voltage to a reverse voltage, then judges whether the obtained current value of the primary secondary side of the transformer reaches a preset current value, and if the obtained current value reaches the preset current value, the controller enters step S14 to control the full-bridge circuit to stop outputting the voltage, thereby realizing demagnetization of the transformer.
It should be noted that, when determining whether the current value of the current secondary side of the transformer reaches the preset current value, the preset current value is obtained by calculation according to the J-A hysteresis model. The specific calculation method for determining the preset current value through the J-a hysteresis model is described in detail in the embodiment corresponding to the demagnetizing system, and reference may be made to the description of the embodiment corresponding to the demagnetizing system, which is not repeated herein.
According to the demagnetizing method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the primary secondary side current value of the transformer is obtained, whether the iron core of the transformer is saturated or not is judged, if the iron core of the transformer is saturated, the output voltage of the full-bridge circuit is controlled to be changed from the forward voltage to the reverse voltage, and when the primary secondary side current value of the transformer reaches a preset current value, the full-bridge circuit is controlled to stop outputting the voltage, so that the magnetic flux intensity and the magnetic flux density are reduced to zero, and the demagnetizing of the transformer is completed. Therefore, according to the technical scheme provided by the invention, when the transformer iron core is saturated, the controller is used for controlling the output voltage of the full-bridge circuit to be changed from the forward voltage to the reverse voltage so as to reduce the magnetic flux intensity and the magnetic flux density of the transformer, and when the current of the current secondary side of the transformer reaches a preset current value, the full-bridge circuit is controlled to stop outputting the voltage so as to realize the demagnetization of the transformer, so that the demagnetization of the transformer is realized rapidly and accurately by changing the voltage applied to the transformer, and the demagnetization efficiency of the transformer is improved.
In a specific embodiment, the controller determines a current secondary side current value corresponding to the current core saturation through calculation, acquires the current secondary side current value of the transformer in the demagnetizing process, judges whether the current secondary side current value is equal to the saturated secondary side current value, determines that the transformer is saturated if so, and controls the voltage applied to the transformer to be changed from a forward voltage to a reverse voltage. Then, a preset current value is determined based on the J-A hysteresis model, when the current value of the primary secondary side of the transformer reaches the preset current value, the controller controls the full-bridge circuit to stop outputting reverse voltage to the transformer, and due to inertia, the magnetic flux density and the magnetic flux intensity of the transformer can be gradually reduced until the magnetic flux density and the magnetic flux intensity are reduced to zero, so that demagnetization of the transformer is realized.
According to the demagnetizing method provided by the embodiment of the invention, when the transformer generates residual magnetic flux, the controller controls the full-bridge circuit to apply forward voltage to the secondary side of the transformer, so that the magnetic flux of the iron core is increased to a saturation point, after the iron core is saturated, the controller controls the full-bridge circuit to apply reverse voltage, when the current acquisition module acquires that the current value of the current secondary side of the transformer reaches a preset current value, the controller controls the full-bridge circuit to stop outputting the reverse voltage, and when the magnetic flux density and the magnetic field intensity are reduced to zero, the demagnetizing is completed. Therefore, the technical scheme provided by the invention utilizes the J-A hysteresis model to determine the B-H hysteresis curve of the transformer, so that the detailed specification parameters of the transformer are not required to be known, the residual magnetic flux of the iron core is accurately and rapidly eliminated, and the demagnetizing efficiency of the transformer is improved.
Fig. 4 is a block diagram of a demagnetizing device according to another embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 4, the demagnetizing device includes: a memory 20 for storing a computer program;
a processor 21 for implementing the steps of the demagnetizing method as mentioned in the above embodiments when executing a computer program.
The demagnetizing device provided in this embodiment may include, but is not limited to, a smart phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a desktop computer, or the like.
Processor 21 may include one or more processing cores, such as a 4-core processor, an 8-core processor, etc. The processor 21 may be implemented in at least one hardware form of digital signal processing (Digital Signal Processing, abbreviated as DSP), field-programmable gate array (Field-Programmable Gate Array, abbreviated as FPGA), programmable logic array (Programmable Logic Array, abbreviated as PLA). The processor 21 may also include a main processor and a coprocessor, the main processor being a processor for processing data in an awake state, also referred to as a central processor (Central Processing Unit, CPU for short); a coprocessor is a low-power processor for processing data in a standby state. In some embodiments, the processor 21 may integrate with an image processor (Graphics ProcessingUnit, GPU for short) for rendering and drawing of the content required to be displayed by the display screen. In some embodiments, the processor 21 may also include an artificial intelligence (Artificial Intelligence, AI) processor for processing computing operations related to machine learning.
Memory 20 may include one or more computer-readable storage media, which may be non-transitory. Memory 20 may also include high-speed random access memory, as well as non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices, flash memory storage devices. In this embodiment, the memory 20 is at least used for storing a computer program 201, which, when loaded and executed by the processor 21, is capable of implementing the relevant steps of the demagnetization method disclosed in any of the foregoing embodiments. In addition, the resources stored in the memory 20 may further include an operating system 202, data 203, and the like, where the storage manner may be transient storage or permanent storage. The operating system 202 may include Windows, unix, linux, among others. The data 203 may include, but is not limited to, related data involved in the demagnetization method, and the like.
In some embodiments, the demagnetizing device may further include a display 22, an input/output interface 23, a communication interface 24, a power supply 25, and a communication bus 26.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the configuration shown in fig. 4 is not limiting of the demagnetizing device and may include more or fewer components than shown.
The demagnetizing device provided by the embodiment of the application comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the processor can realize the following method when executing a program stored in the memory: a demagnetizing method.
According to the demagnetizing device provided by the embodiment of the application, the front secondary side current value of the transformer is obtained, whether the iron core of the transformer is saturated or not is judged, if the iron core of the transformer is saturated, the output voltage of the full-bridge circuit is controlled to be changed from the forward voltage to the reverse voltage, and when the front secondary side current value of the transformer reaches the preset current value, the full-bridge circuit is controlled to stop outputting the voltage, so that the magnetic flux intensity and the magnetic flux density are reduced to zero to finish demagnetizing the transformer, the detailed specification parameters of the transformer are not required to be known, the residual magnetic flux of the iron core is accurately and rapidly eliminated, and the demagnetizing efficiency of the transformer is improved.
Finally, the application also provides a corresponding embodiment of the computer readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium has stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, performs the steps as described in the method embodiments above.
It will be appreciated that the methods of the above embodiments, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as stand-alone products, may be stored on a computer readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application may be embodied essentially or in part or all of the technical solution or in part in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium for performing all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.
The demagnetizing system, method, device and medium provided by the application are described in detail. In the description, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described by the differences from other embodiments, so that the same similar parts among the embodiments are mutually referred. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant points refer to the description of the method section. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations of the application can be made without departing from the principles of the application and these modifications and adaptations are intended to be within the scope of the application as defined in the following claims.
It should also be noted that in this specification, relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Claims (8)
1. A demagnetizing system, applied to a transformer, comprising: the system comprises a controller, a full-bridge circuit and a current acquisition module;
the first end and the second end of the full-bridge circuit are respectively connected with the first end and the second end of the transformer, and the common end of the second end of the full-bridge circuit and the second end of the transformer is connected with the current acquisition module;
the current acquisition module is connected with the controller and is used for acquiring the current value of the current secondary side of the transformer;
the controller is connected with the control end of the full-bridge circuit and is used for controlling the output voltage of the full-bridge circuit to change from forward voltage to reverse voltage when the iron core of the transformer is saturated, and controlling the full-bridge circuit to stop outputting the voltage when the current value of the current secondary side reaches a preset current value, and the magnetic flux density and the magnetic flux intensity of the transformer can be gradually reduced until the reduction is zero due to inertia so as to realize demagnetization of the transformer;
wherein the preset current value adopts J-a hysteresis model calculated, said J-a hysteresis model comprising 5 basic parameters: saturation magnetization M s Shape parameter a of hysteresis-free magnetization curve, irreversible loss coefficient k, reversible magnetization coefficient c, average field parameter alpha of magnetic domain internal coupling;
The saturation magnetization M is given arbitrarily s The shape parameter a of the hysteresis-free magnetization curve, the irreversible loss coefficient k, the reversible magnetization coefficient c and the magnetic domain internal coupling average field parameter alpha are an initial value, and the saturation magnetization M s The saturation points of different hysteresis loops obtained through multiple sets of measurement are determined through least square fitting, and then 5 basic parameters of the J-A hysteresis model are obtained through continuous iterative calculation of the following formulas (1) - (5), wherein suffixes in, C, r, ta respectively represent a hysteresis curve starting point A, a coercive point D, a remanence point C and a vertex B corresponding to the J-A hysteresis model;
wherein said x (in) The initial magnetic susceptibility corresponding to the starting point A is obtained;
wherein the M an(c) For the magnetization without hysteresis corresponding to the coercive point D, the x is (c) For the magnetic susceptibility corresponding to the coercive point D, the x is an(c) The magnetic susceptibility without hysteresis effect corresponding to the coercive point D is obtained;
wherein the M (r) The M is the residual magnetic point intensity corresponding to the residual magnetic point C an(r) For the magnetization of the remanence point C point without hysteresis effect, the x is (r) The magnetic susceptibility corresponding to the point C of the remanence point is the point x an(r) The magnetic susceptibility without hysteresis effect corresponding to the remanence point C is obtained;
wherein the M (ta) The M is the residual magnetic point intensity corresponding to the point B of the vertex an(ta) For the magnetization of the point B corresponding to the vertex without hysteresis effect, the x (ta) The magnetic susceptibility corresponding to the point B of the vertex is obtained;
wherein said x an Is magnetic susceptibility without hysteresis effect;
wherein the M irr For irreversible magnetization, the mu 0 Is vacuum magnetic permeability;
wherein δ is a direction coefficient;
H e ＝H+αM； (10)
wherein the R is sec Is a secondary side resistance, i sec As a secondary side current, the N sec Is the number of secondary side turns, theIs the magnetic flux of the iron core, and the relation between the current and the magnetic field intensity in the iron core is as follows:
wherein l is the length of the iron core, A is the cross-sectional area of the iron core, andfrom the J-A hysteresis model, by applying the U in formula (14) sec Set to 0, and can be solved to obtain the H, H sec And said I sec Wherein the H sec The coercive force of the coercive point D is equal to the H, and Isec is the preset current value.
2. The demagnetizing system of claim 1, further comprising a switching device;
one end of the switching device is connected with a common end of the first end of the full-bridge circuit and the first end of the transformer, and the other end of the switching device is connected with a common end of the second end of the full-bridge circuit and the second end of the transformer.
3. The demagnetizing system of claim 2, wherein the full bridge circuit comprises a first switching tube, a second switching tube, a third switching tube, a fourth switching tube and a voltage source;
the control end of the first switching tube, the control end of the second switching tube, the control end of the third switching tube and the control end of the fourth switching tube are connected with the controller;
the first end of the first switching tube is connected with the second end of the second switching tube, the common end is used as the first end of the full-bridge circuit, the second end of the first switching tube is connected with the first end of the third switching tube, the common end is connected with one end of the voltage source, the first end of the second switching tube is connected with the second end of the fourth switching tube, the common end is connected with the other end of the voltage source, the second end of the third switching tube is connected with the first end of the fourth switching tube, and the common end is used as the second end of the full-bridge circuit.
4. The demagnetizing system of claim 3, wherein the first switching tube, the second switching tube, the third switching tube, and the fourth switching tube are all triodes with body diodes.
5. A demagnetizing method, characterized in that it is applied to the demagnetizing system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising:
acquiring a current value of a current secondary side of the transformer;
judging whether the iron core of the transformer is saturated, and if so, controlling the output voltage of the full-bridge circuit to be changed from forward voltage to reverse voltage;
determining whether the current value of the current secondary side reaches a preset current value, if so, controlling the full-bridge circuit to stop outputting voltage, wherein the magnetic flux density and the magnetic flux intensity of the transformer gradually decrease due to inertia until the current value is reduced to zero to realize demagnetization of the transformer;
wherein the preset current value adoptsThe J-A hysteresis model is obtained by calculation, and comprises 5 basic parameters: saturation magnetization M s Shape parameter a of hysteresis-free magnetization curve, irreversible loss coefficient k, reversible magnetization coefficient c, average field parameter alpha of magnetic domain internal coupling;
the saturation magnetization M is given arbitrarily s The shape parameter a of the hysteresis-free magnetization curve, the irreversible loss coefficient k, the reversible magnetization coefficient c and the magnetic domain internal coupling average field parameter alpha are an initial value, and the saturation magnetization M s The saturation points of different hysteresis loops obtained through multiple sets of measurement are determined through least square fitting, and then 5 basic parameters of the J-A hysteresis model are obtained through continuous iterative calculation of the following formulas (1) - (5), wherein suffixes in, C, r, ta respectively represent a hysteresis curve starting point A, a coercive point D, a remanence point C and a vertex B corresponding to the J-A hysteresis model;
wherein said x (in) The initial magnetic susceptibility corresponding to the starting point A is obtained;
wherein the M an(c) For the magnetization without hysteresis corresponding to the coercive point D, the x is (c) For the magnetic susceptibility corresponding to the coercive point D, the x is an(c) The magnetic susceptibility without hysteresis effect corresponding to the coercive point D is obtained;
wherein the M (r) The M is the residual magnetic point intensity corresponding to the residual magnetic point C an(r) For the magnetization of the remanence point C point without hysteresis effect, the x is (r) The magnetic susceptibility corresponding to the point C of the remanence point is the point x an(r) The magnetic susceptibility without hysteresis effect corresponding to the remanence point C is obtained;
wherein the M (ta) The M is the residual magnetic point intensity corresponding to the point B of the vertex an(ta) For the magnetization of the point B corresponding to the vertex without hysteresis effect, the x (ta) The magnetic susceptibility corresponding to the point B of the vertex is obtained;
Wherein said x an Is magnetic susceptibility without hysteresis effect;
wherein the M irr For irreversible magnetization, the mu 0 Is vacuum magnetic permeability;
wherein δ is a direction coefficient;
H e ＝H+αM； (10)
wherein the R is sec Is a secondary side resistance, i sec As a secondary side current, the N sec Is the number of secondary side turns, theIs the magnetic flux of the iron core, and the relation between the current and the magnetic field intensity in the iron core is as follows:
wherein l is the length of the iron core, A is the cross-sectional area of the iron core, andfrom the J-A hysteresis model, by applying the U in formula (14) sec Set to 0, and can be solved to obtain the H, H sec And said I sec Wherein the H sec The coercive force of the coercive point D is equal to the H, and Isec is the preset current value.
6. The demagnetizing method according to claim 5, wherein the determining whether the iron core of the transformer is saturated comprises:
calculating a saturated secondary side current value when an iron core of the transformer is saturated;
and judging whether the current value of the current secondary side is equal to the current value of the saturated secondary side, and if so, determining that the iron core of the transformer is saturated.
7. A demagnetizing device comprising a memory for storing a computer program;
Processor for implementing the steps of the demagnetizing method according to claim 5 or 6 when executing the computer program.
8. A computer readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer readable storage medium has stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the demagnetization method according to claim 5 or 6.
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