CN114137658B - Low-loss terahertz waveguide of elliptic metal column lattice photonic crystal - Google Patents
Low-loss terahertz waveguide of elliptic metal column lattice photonic crystal Download PDFInfo
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- CN114137658B CN114137658B CN202111470202.9A CN202111470202A CN114137658B CN 114137658 B CN114137658 B CN 114137658B CN 202111470202 A CN202111470202 A CN 202111470202A CN 114137658 B CN114137658 B CN 114137658B
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- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B6/122—Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths
- G02B6/1225—Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths comprising photonic band-gap structures or photonic lattices
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of terahertz waves and discloses a low-loss terahertz waveguide of an elliptic metal column lattice photonic crystal, which comprises at least one group of photonic lattice arrays, wherein the photonic lattice arrays are formed by periodically arranging photonic crystal lattices which are M columns in the transverse direction and N in the longitudinal direction, M, N are positive integers which are not less than 2, the photonic crystal lattices are formed by taking elliptic columns with long axes along the propagation direction of electromagnetic waves as lattice units and vacuum cavities around the elliptic columns, and the long axes of the elliptic columns are parallel to the longitudinal direction. According to the invention, the elliptic cylinders are adopted as lattice units of the photonic crystal lattice, and as the distances between two adjacent elliptic cylinders are inconsistent in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction, compared with the symmetrical lattices of the square and the cylinders, the transmission forbidden band of the TE mode of the electromagnetic wave is widened, so that the transmission bandwidth is improved, meanwhile, the transmission loss of the electromagnetic wave in the range of the working bandwidth is reduced due to the characteristics, and the transmission of the low-loss broadband terahertz wave is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of terahertz waves, in particular to a low-loss terahertz waveguide of an elliptic metal column lattice photonic crystal.
Background
Terahertz (THz) waves generally refer to electromagnetic waves having frequencies in the range of 0.1-10THz, the low frequency region of the Terahertz band being connected to millimeter waves and the high frequency region being connected to infrared waves. In a set of mature terahertz wave application systems, terahertz wave waveguides are indispensable important components, and because of the characteristic that terahertz waves are easily absorbed by water, space transmission of the terahertz waves is limited, and development of the terahertz wave waveguides suitable for various use scenes becomes urgent. Terahertz waveguides which are widely studied nowadays include metal cavity waveguides, dielectric waveguides, photonic crystal fibers and the like. The transmission loss of the metal cavity waveguide is larger than that of other waveguides because the inner wall of the metal cavity waveguide has roughness caused by machining precision; dielectric waveguides have lower losses than metal cavity waveguides but are generally considered unsuitable for long-distance transmission of terahertz waves; the photonic crystal fiber is generally a hollow waveguide formed by punching the center of a special material to realize low-loss transmission of terahertz waves, the photonic crystal is an artificial material formed by periodically arranging media or metals, the periodically arranged structure can generate a photonic band gap, namely, a certain mode in a certain frequency band can not be transmitted in the photonic crystal, and the filter and the transmission waveguide are realized by utilizing the characteristic of the photonic crystal, but the transmission forbidden band of an electromagnetic wave TE mode in the existing photonic crystal fiber is narrower.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a terahertz waveguide with lower loss for an elliptic metal column lattice photonic crystal, which does not utilize punching on special materials to form the photonic crystal, but utilizes the periodically arranged elliptic metal columns to realize the terahertz waveguide with lower loss.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the low-loss terahertz waveguide of the elliptic metal column lattice photonic crystal comprises at least one group of photonic lattice arrays, wherein the photonic lattice arrays are formed by periodically arranging photonic crystal lattices which are M columns in the transverse direction and N in the longitudinal direction, M, N are positive integers not less than 2, the photonic crystal lattices are formed by taking elliptic columns with long axes along the propagation direction of electromagnetic waves as lattice units and vacuum cavities around the elliptic columns, and the long axes of the elliptic columns are parallel to the longitudinal direction.
As optimization, the elliptic cylinder is made of metal.
As optimization, the elliptic cylinder is made of metallic copper.
As an optimization, the distance between two adjacent elliptic cylinders in the transverse direction is not equal to the distance between two adjacent elliptic cylinders in the longitudinal direction.
As an optimization, the photonic lattice array is provided with two groups, and the transverse distance between the two groups of photonic lattice arrays is not equal to the transverse distance between the two elliptic cylinders.
As an optimization, the lateral distance between the two groups of photonic lattice arrays is larger than the lateral distance between the two elliptic cylinders.
Preferably, the material of the peripheral container for accommodating the vacuum chamber is metal.
As optimization, the photonic crystal array is transversely provided with 3 columns.
As optimization, the photonic crystal lattice is a cuboid, and the elliptic cylinder is positioned in the middle of the cuboid.
As an optimization, the major axis and the minor axis of the elliptic cylinder are respectively smaller than the length and the width of the photonic crystal lattice, and the height of the elliptic cylinder is equal to the height of the photonic crystal lattice.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the elliptic cylinders are adopted as lattice units of the photonic crystal lattice, and as the distances between two adjacent elliptic cylinders are inconsistent in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction, compared with the symmetrical lattices of the square and the cylinders, the transmission forbidden band of the TE mode of the electromagnetic wave is widened, so that the transmission bandwidth is improved, meanwhile, the transmission loss of the electromagnetic wave in the range of the working bandwidth is reduced due to the characteristics, and the transmission of the low-loss broadband terahertz wave is realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the examples will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some examples of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and that other related drawings may be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a photonic crystal lattice of a low-loss terahertz waveguide of an elliptical metal column lattice photonic crystal according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a side view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a complete structure of a low-loss terahertz waveguide of an elliptical metal column lattice photonic crystal of the present invention, which is composed of a plurality of photonic lattice arrays;
FIG. 5 is a waveguide TE10 mode electric field distribution;
FIG. 6 is a graph of transmission parameters of a low-loss terahertz waveguide of an elliptical metal column lattice photonic crystal according to the present invention versus the frequency of electromagnetic waves;
fig. 7 is a graph of the absorption attenuation of terahertz waves transmitted by the low-loss terahertz waveguide of the elliptic metal column lattice photonic crystal according to the present invention versus the frequency of the terahertz waves.
In the drawings, the reference numerals and corresponding part names:
1-photonic crystal lattice, 1 a-lattice unit, 1 b-vacuum cavity.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making apparent the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings, wherein the exemplary embodiments of the present invention and the descriptions thereof are for illustrating the present invention only and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The low-loss terahertz waveguide of the elliptic metal column lattice photonic crystal comprises at least one group of photonic lattice arrays, wherein the photonic lattice arrays are formed by periodically arranging photonic crystal lattices 1 with M columns in the transverse direction and N columns in the longitudinal direction, M, N are positive integers not smaller than 2, the photonic crystal lattices 1 are formed by taking elliptic columns with long axes along the propagation direction of electromagnetic waves as lattice units 1a and vacuum cavities 1b surrounding the elliptic columns, and the long axes of the elliptic columns are parallel to the longitudinal direction.
The elliptic cylinder is made of metal, specifically, the elliptic cylinder is made of metal copper, and the roughness of the surface of the metal copper is not limited.
The distance between two adjacent elliptic cylinders in the transverse direction is unequal to the distance between two adjacent elliptic cylinders in the longitudinal direction, and specifically, the distance between two adjacent elliptic cylinders in the transverse direction is larger than the distance between two adjacent elliptic cylinders in the longitudinal direction.
The photon lattice array is provided with two groups, and the transverse distance between the two groups of photon lattice arrays is unequal to the transverse distance between the two elliptic cylinders.
The lateral distance between the two groups of photonic lattice arrays is greater than the lateral distance between the two elliptical columns.
The material of the peripheral container for accommodating the vacuum cavity is metal, and particularly, the material of the peripheral container is metallic copper.
The photonic crystal array is transversely provided with 3 columns.
The photonic crystal lattice 1 is a cuboid, and the elliptic cylinder is positioned in the middle of the cuboid.
The major axis and the minor axis of the elliptic cylinder are respectively smaller than the length and the width of the photonic crystal lattice 1, and the height of the elliptic cylinder is equal to the height of the photonic crystal lattice 1. .
The photonic crystal lattice of the present embodiment is composed of elliptical metal columns and vacuum, wherein the elliptical metal columns are made of copper metal and have an electrical conductivity of 2×10 7 S/m. Fig. 2 is a top view of the photonic crystal lattice, fig. 3 is a side view of the photonic crystal lattice, the length and width of the photonic crystal lattice are equal, the size (the size of the length and width of the photonic crystal lattice) p=800 μm, the long axis length ay=700 μm of the elliptical metal column, the short axis length ax=300 μm, and the lattice unit (elliptical metal column) height h=800 μm. FIG. 4 shows a complete structure of the embodiment, which is composed of a vacuum chamber and lattice units on both sides of the vacuum chamber, wherein the lattice units on one side of the vacuum chamber have 3 cycles in the transverse direction and 7 cycles in the longitudinal direction, the input and output ports are half cycles, the long axis of the elliptic cylinder is parallel to the longitudinal direction, and the longitudinal direction is the arrow in FIG. 4Head direction. The transmission characteristics of the waveguide can be obtained by using three-dimensional electromagnetic field simulation software CST. Fig. 5 shows an electric field distribution diagram of a fundamental mode of a waveguide, the fundamental mode is a TE10 mode, the middle luminance portion is an electric field distribution in the vacuum chamber, in fig. 5, the electric field of the black portion on both sides of the middle luminance is the weakest (no electric field), and then it can be seen from this result that the mode of the electromagnetic wave transmitted in the vacuum chamber is a TE mode, and the electric field is distributed only in the middle vacuum chamber, and is not distributed in the photonic crystal portion. Fig. 6 shows transmission parameters of the waveguide obtained through simulation, in fig. 6, S11 represents a reflection coefficient of a port 1 (a signal input port) when a port 2 (a signal output port) is matched, and S21 represents a forward transmission coefficient of the port 1 to the port 2 when the port 2 is matched, so that an operating frequency band can be from 180GHz to 280GHz, and the operating frequency band is wider. The input port is to the left of the middle vacuum chamber of fig. 5, the output port is to the right of the middle vacuum chamber of fig. 5, where the left and right sides of the vacuum chamber are defined according to the arrow direction in fig. 4, the arrow coming to the left and the arrow going to the right.
In the working frequency band, the S11 parameter is wholly lower than-10 dB, and the bandwidth of 230GHz-280GHz is lower than-20 dB, which shows that the reflection of electromagnetic waves in the waveguide is very small; the S21 parameter is generally higher than-1 dB, which proves that the insertion loss in the waveguide is extremely small. Using the formula loss=10log (1- |s11|using the equation for calculating absorption decay 2 )/|S21| 2 And solving the formula Loss/N of the Loss of the elliptical metal cylindrical waveguide in unit length can obtain a Loss curve in unit length as shown in figure 7. From the results of fig. 7, it can be seen that the average absorption attenuation is about 0.02dB/mm in the operating band, demonstrating that the elliptic cylindrical photonic crystal waveguide realizes low-loss transmission of terahertz waves.
The foregoing description of the embodiments has been provided for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention, and is not meant to limit the scope of the invention, but to limit the invention to the particular embodiments, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. that fall within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The low-loss terahertz waveguide of the elliptic metal column lattice photonic crystal is characterized by comprising at least one group of photonic lattice arrays, wherein the photonic lattice arrays are formed by periodically arranging photonic crystal lattices with M columns in the transverse direction and N columns in the longitudinal direction, wherein M, N is a positive integer not less than 2, the photonic crystal lattice (1) is formed by taking an elliptic column with a long axis along the propagation direction of electromagnetic waves as a lattice unit (1 a) and a vacuum cavity (1 b) surrounding the elliptic column, and the long axis of the elliptic column is parallel to the longitudinal direction;
the photon lattice arrays are provided with two groups, and the transverse distance between the two groups of photon lattice arrays is larger than the transverse distance between the two elliptic cylinders;
the low-loss terahertz waveguide is composed of a vacuum cavity and photon lattice arrays at two sides of the vacuum cavity, wherein the photon lattice array at one side of the vacuum cavity has 3 periods in the transverse direction and 7 periods in the longitudinal direction, the input and output ports are half periods, the long axis of the elliptic cylinder is parallel to the longitudinal direction, and the longitudinal direction is the terahertz wave propagation direction.
2. The low-loss terahertz waveguide of an elliptic metal column lattice photonic crystal of claim 1, wherein the elliptic column is made of metal.
3. The low-loss terahertz waveguide of an elliptic metal column lattice photonic crystal of claim 2, wherein the elliptic column is made of metallic copper.
4. The low-loss terahertz waveguide of an elliptic metal column lattice photonic crystal of claim 1, wherein the distances between two adjacent elliptic columns in the transverse direction are not equal to the distances between two adjacent elliptic columns in the longitudinal direction.
5. The low-loss terahertz waveguide of an elliptic metal column lattice photonic crystal according to claim 1, characterized in that the material of the peripheral container accommodating the vacuum chamber (1 b) is metal.
6. The low-loss terahertz waveguide of an elliptic metal column lattice photonic crystal according to claim 1, characterized in that the photonic crystal lattice (1) is a cuboid and the elliptic column is located in the middle of the cuboid.
7. The low-loss terahertz waveguide of an elliptic metal column lattice photonic crystal according to claim 6, characterized in that the major axis and the minor axis of the elliptic column are respectively smaller than the length and the width of the photonic crystal lattice (1), and the height of the elliptic column is equal to the height of the photonic crystal lattice (1).
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Citations (5)
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| CN2489352Y (en) * | 2001-02-26 | 2002-05-01 | 清华大学 | Two-dimensional photon crystal wave plate |
| CN102508375A (en) * | 2011-11-09 | 2012-06-20 | 南开大学 | Terahertz tunable filter of metal photonic crystal |
| CN108428977A (en) * | 2018-04-12 | 2018-08-21 | 北京邮电大学 | Terahertz broadband band-pass filter based on frequency-selective surfaces |
| CN110398793A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-11-01 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of light adjustable double band Terahertz absorber and production method based on all dielectric |
| CN110488413A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-11-22 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of unrelated slow optical wave guide device of polarization based on 2 D photon crystal |
-
2021
- 2021-12-03 CN CN202111470202.9A patent/CN114137658B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2489352Y (en) * | 2001-02-26 | 2002-05-01 | 清华大学 | Two-dimensional photon crystal wave plate |
| CN102508375A (en) * | 2011-11-09 | 2012-06-20 | 南开大学 | Terahertz tunable filter of metal photonic crystal |
| CN108428977A (en) * | 2018-04-12 | 2018-08-21 | 北京邮电大学 | Terahertz broadband band-pass filter based on frequency-selective surfaces |
| CN110398793A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-11-01 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of light adjustable double band Terahertz absorber and production method based on all dielectric |
| CN110488413A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-11-22 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of unrelated slow optical wave guide device of polarization based on 2 D photon crystal |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| A Terahertz Traveling-Wave Tube Based on Defect Photonic Crystal Waveguide;柏宁丰、谢扬;《IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE》;第48卷(第6期);1936-1940 * |
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