CN114137641B - Microfluidic thin film for visible and infrared dual-band camouflage and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Microfluidic thin film for visible and infrared dual-band camouflage and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114137641B CN114137641B CN202111312146.6A CN202111312146A CN114137641B CN 114137641 B CN114137641 B CN 114137641B CN 202111312146 A CN202111312146 A CN 202111312146A CN 114137641 B CN114137641 B CN 114137641B
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- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 title claims description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 18
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims description 149
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 74
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000005662 Paraffin oil Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims 4
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims 1
- 229920005570 flexible polymer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 9
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001755 magnetron sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000005083 Zinc sulfide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2] DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003486 chemical etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AMTWCFIAVKBGOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;methoxy-dimethyl-trimethylsilyloxysilane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.CO[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)C AMTWCFIAVKBGOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000449 hafnium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WIHZLLGSGQNAGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium(4+);oxygen(2-) Chemical group [O-2].[O-2].[Hf+4] WIHZLLGSGQNAGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003094 microcapsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001054 red pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical group N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940083037 simethicone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- XASAPYQVQBKMIN-UHFFFAOYSA-K ytterbium(iii) fluoride Chemical compound F[Yb](F)F XASAPYQVQBKMIN-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/003—Light absorbing elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
- B29C66/45—Joining of substantially the whole surface of the articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C69/00—Combinations of shaping techniques not provided for in a single one of main groups B29C39/00 - B29C67/00, e.g. associations of moulding and joining techniques; Apparatus therefore
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/14—Metallic material, boron or silicon
- C23C14/20—Metallic material, boron or silicon on organic substrates
- C23C14/205—Metallic material, boron or silicon on organic substrates by cathodic sputtering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/34—Sputtering
- C23C14/35—Sputtering by application of a magnetic field, e.g. magnetron sputtering
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
- G02B5/208—Filters for use with infrared or ultraviolet radiation, e.g. for separating visible light from infrared and/or ultraviolet radiation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
- G02B5/22—Absorbing filters
- G02B5/24—Liquid filters
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Micromachines (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of camouflage, relates to a microfluidic film and a method for optical camouflage, and in particular relates to a microfluidic film for visible and infrared dual-band camouflage and a preparation method thereof. The infrared emissivity and the color of the micro-fluidic film for camouflage in the visible and infrared dual-band are changed by controlling the micro-fluid, and the micro-fluidic film has the advantages of initiative, controllability and precise control. When the color and temperature of the background where the target object is located are changed, the color and emissivity of the microfluidic film can be changed by controlling the fluid.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of camouflage, relates to a microfluidic film and a method for optical camouflage, and in particular relates to a microfluidic film for visible and infrared dual-band camouflage and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The camouflage technology has the basic principle that the optical characteristics of the whole or part of the object are changed by technical means such as materials, sensing, control and the like, so that the fusion of the object and the surrounding environment is realized, and the concealment is improved.
In the visible light wave band, the existing visual camouflage and stealth technology mainly utilizes the method of changing the electromagnetic wave propagation characteristics of equipment to achieve the stealth purpose, such as patent number CN11572109A, discloses a stealth material system and a preparation method thereof, and achieves broadband stealth of radar visible light through the matching design of a structure wave absorbing layer and a camouflage net. Another camouflage technique is to adopt a vision acquisition system to observe the surrounding environment and then process the surrounding environment into an electric signal which is transmitted to a stealth device and imaged. For example, in patent number CN1631281a, collected environmental image information is directly displayed on the surface of a target object by using an optical fiber pair, and image distortion is generated; patent number CN112028712a uses electrochromic materials to camouflage a target object, but the materials themselves have complicated preparation process, high cost and more troublesome later maintenance, and cannot be manufactured and used on a large scale.
In the infrared band, the existing infrared camouflage technology mostly achieves the effect of thermal infrared camouflage by changing the infrared radiation intensity of an object. Through the stefan-boltzmann law, the intensity of infrared radiation emitted by an object is proportional to the fourth power of the object's emissivity and the absolute temperature of the object. The reduction of the surface temperature of the target object is the most direct infrared camouflage technology, such as patent number CN112484573a, and the whole target object is in a stealth state in the infrared band by adjusting the whole temperature of the film. The regulation and control of the infrared emissivity is also a main means for achieving the effect of thermal infrared camouflage, such as patent number CN104762809A, and the infrared camouflage fabric with low emissivity is obtained by mixing microcapsules with the phase transition temperature of 30-40 ℃ with aluminum-doped zinc oxide powder.
The prior art mainly uses materials with complex structure and difficult preparation, such as patent number CN109696716A, an antireflection layer is plated on a zinc sulfide substrate to form a laser and long-wave infrared dual-band high-strength antireflection film, the antireflection film is formed by laminating films prepared from four film materials, the total number of the film layers is 19, from the zinc sulfide substrate, the 1 st layer is hafnium oxide, the 2 nd layer to the 18 th layer are ytterbium fluoride, the even layer is zinc sulfide, and the 19 th layer is silicon nitride; patent number CN11913329a, WO, using electrochromic technology to prepare a high transmittance conductive layer on the treated substrate layer 3 Color-changing layer, ta 2 O 5 The electrolyte layer is annealed to obtain crystalline WO 3 And the layer, the ion storage layer and the electrochromic film device for completely adjusting the optical performance of the visible and infrared dual-band are obtained by repeating the deposition steps.
The existing stealth materials are mainly focused on a specific wave band for adjustment, but the materials capable of actively adjusting the visible-infrared wave band are fewer, and the materials are complex in structure, difficult in preparation process, small in adjustment and control range, difficult to be applied practically and difficult to produce on a large scale. In view of the current situation, the invention provides a visible and infrared dual-band camouflage film which is actively regulated by utilizing a microfluidic technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a micro-fluidic film for visible and infrared dual-band camouflage, which can dynamically regulate and control infrared emissivity and color according to the change of the background temperature and color, and is fused with the environment background to realize the dynamic camouflage of an object covered by the micro-fluidic film.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the micro-fluidic film for visible and infrared dual-band camouflage, which is simple and convenient to regulate and control.
The scheme adopted by the invention for achieving one of the purposes is as follows: the micro-fluidic film has a single-layer or multi-layer micro-channel structure, the back surface of the micro-fluidic film is a reflecting layer, micro-fluid is introduced into the micro-channels, and the visible color and infrared emissivity of the whole micro-fluidic film are controlled by the micro-fluid in each layer of micro-channels.
Preferably, the microfluidic film is a flexible polymeric material transparent to both the visible and infrared bands.
Preferably, the microfluidic film is any one of polyethylene, polystyrene, polypropylene and polyvinyl chloride.
The thickness of the film is not limited, the thickness of the film is conventional, the thickness of the film is generally between 10 and 10000m, and the film is selected according to the needs.
Preferably, the microfluidic is a visible light selective absorbing, infrared translucent liquid or gas.
Preferably, the microfluidics selectively absorb in the visible band, exhibit a corresponding color, are translucent in the infrared band, and increase in infrared emissivity with increasing fluid thickness.
The thickness of the fluid is not limited, a microfluidic channel with proper channel height can be prepared according to the requirement, and the thickness of a single-layer fluid is generally in the range of 10-1000m and can be selected according to the requirement.
Preferably, the liquid is at least one of paraffin oil, water, simethicone, ethanol, rosin water and acetone mixed with pigment. The gas is any one of ammonia gas, ethylene gas, air, nitrogen gas, oxygen gas and hydrogen gas.
The material and thickness of the reflecting layer are not limited, the conventional thickness is generally between 10nm and 1cm, the reflecting layer of metal, the reflecting layer of polymer material or the reflecting layer of paint can be all, and the conventionally selected reflecting layer of metal can be as follows: gold, silver, copper, titanium, aluminum, etc. can be used, a polymer material reflecting layer such as PVDF, etc., and a coating reflecting layer such as TiO 2 Etc.
The scheme adopted by the invention for achieving the second purpose is as follows: the preparation method of the microfluidic film for visible and infrared dual-band camouflage comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing a template to obtain a template of a micro-channel with a required flow channel shape;
(2) Spreading the polymer on one side of the template surface prepared in the step (1) with a pattern structure, carrying out hot pressing, melting the polymer to fill the channels of the template, and cooling to obtain a polymer film with a micro-channel structure;
(3) The polymer film with the micro-channel structure obtained in the step (2) is bonded with a polymer flat film through hot pressing to form a micro-fluid channel, and a film with the micro-fluid channel is obtained;
(4) Depositing a reflective layer on the bottom surface of the film with the microfluidic channel obtained in the step (3);
(5) And (3) introducing microfluid into the microfluidic channel of the film obtained in the step (4) and packaging an inlet and an outlet of the microfluidic channel to obtain the microfluidic film for camouflage in the visible and infrared dual-band.
Preferably, in the step (1), the specific steps for preparing the template are: and (3) cutting or chemically etching the template by adopting laser, and preparing a channel on the surface of the template according to the required shape of the runner.
Preferably, in the step (3), when preparing the multi-layer microfluidic channel, a plurality of polymer films are sequentially stacked and then bonded with the polymer flat film by hot pressing.
The specific working mechanism is as follows:
the microfluidic film is a polymer material transparent in both visible and infrared bands, and when no fluid is introduced into the microchannel, the microfluidic film is in the color of the reflecting layer, and has low infrared emissivity. The microfluid is fluid with visible wave band selective absorption and infrared wave band semitransparent characteristics, when the fluid is introduced into the channel, the film shows the color of the fluid, and the color of the microfluid is the same as or similar to the background color, so that the effect of visible light camouflage is achieved; meanwhile, the emissivity is improved by introducing fluid, so that the infrared radiation power of the microfluidic film cover body can be the same as or similar to the ambient environment when the temperature of the microfluidic film cover body changes, and the infrared camouflage effect is achieved. The film has a single-layer or laminated micro-channel structure, and in the single-layer structure, after fluid is introduced, the film shows the color of the fluid; in the laminated structure, the film exhibits a superimposed color of the multiple layers of fluid. The infrared emissivity is related to the thickness of the microfluid, and different infrared emittance is obtained when the thickness of the microfluid is different. The color of the microfluidic thin film and the regulation and control of the infrared emissivity are mutually independent, multiple colors can be obtained by the same infrared emissivity, and the same colors can correspond to different infrared emissivity. In the same film structure, different kinds of fluids or gases with different thicknesses can be introduced to obtain different emissivity.
The invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
(1) The infrared emissivity and the color of the micro-fluidic film for camouflage in the visible and infrared dual-band are changed by controlling the micro-fluid, and the micro-fluidic film has the advantages of initiative, controllability and precise control. When the color and temperature of the background where the target object is located are changed, the color and emissivity of the microfluidic film can be changed by controlling the fluid.
(2) The visible light and infrared wave band regulation and control of the micro-fluidic film for camouflage in the visible and infrared wave bands are mutually independent, the color of the micro-fluidic film is related to the color of the micro-fluid, and the infrared emissivity is related to the thickness of the fluid introduced into the micro-channel. Optical modulation in the visible and infrared bands is determined by two different properties of the microfluidics. Different visible light colors and infrared band emissivity can be selected according to requirements, and effects of different emissivity of the same visible light color and different visible colors of the same emissivity are achieved.
(3) The micro-fluidic film for camouflage in visible and infrared dual-band has a large infrared emissivity regulation and control range, and in the invention, after the reflecting layer is deposited on the back surface of the film, the minimum emissivity can reach 0.05, and the maximum integral emissivity can reach 0.95 when the micro-fluid is introduced, so that the regulation and control of the infrared emissivity in a larger range can be realized.
(4) The microfluidic film for camouflage in both visible and infrared bands has a wide visible light color range. After the microfluidic film is introduced into the microfluid, the microfluidic film is expressed as fluid color, each layer of fluid can be selected as multiple colors, and the multilayer structure can be overlapped for color development to realize multiple color combinations.
(5) The micro-fluidic film for camouflage in both visible and infrared bands has wide application range, the main body is a flexible film, and the micro-fluidic film can be placed on any plane after the whole preparation is finished, and the material properties of a target object are not distinguished.
(6) The preparation method provided by the invention adopts cheap and easily available raw materials, is simple in manufacturing process, easy to industrialize, simple in control system, and convenient and easy to operate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a microfluidic membrane structure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of a microfluidic film structure;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional SEM image of a microfluidic thin film of example 1;
fig. 4 is a graph showing emissivity as a function of thickness in example 1.
FIG. 5 is a spectrum of different colors in example 1.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, the following examples are further illustrative of the present invention, but the contents of the present invention are not limited to the following examples only.
In examples 1-7, the microfluidic channels were actually filled with air when no fluid was introduced into the microfluidic membranes.
Example 1
A microfluidic film for optical camouflage comprising a transparent microfluidic channel and a visible-infrared modulating microfluidic. The microfluidic film has a three-layer micro-channel structure, is formed by hot pressing a polyethylene film, and the film substrate is a metal reflecting layer. The visible-infrared modulation microfluid is low viscosity paraffin oil mixed with oil-soluble pigment.
The preparation method of the infrared and visible light dual-band camouflage film provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
1) A stainless steel plate of 5 cm. Times.5 cm. Times.0.3 cm was cut by a laser to obtain a linear microchannel recess having a depth of 100 μm and a width of 200. Mu.m.
2) The polyethylene particles are flatly paved on one side of the stainless steel plate with the concave in the step 1), the polyethylene particles are pressed for 10 minutes by a hot press at the temperature of 150 ℃ and the pressure of 10MPa, and the thickness of the film is controlled to be 40 mu m by a feeler gauge. Cooling to room temperature and decompressing to obtain the polyethylene film with the convex structure.
3) The polyethylene flat plate and three polyethylene films with the convex structures are aligned from top to bottom, and are pressed for 30 minutes by a hot press, wherein the parameters are that the temperature is 125 ℃ and the pressure is 0.1MPa.
4) Taking out the microfluidic film in the step 3), and plating silver with a layer thickness of about 200nm on the bottom surface by utilizing magnetron sputtering, wherein the parameters are bias voltage of 100V, power of 100W and internal air pressure of 1.4Pa.
5) And accessing the drainage tube to encapsulate the inlet and outlet of the microfluidic channel.
6) 5mg of red, 5mg of yellow and 5mg of blue oil-soluble pigment are respectively added into 50mL of low-viscosity paraffin oil, and the mixture is stirred and mixed uniformly, so that the micro-channels are filled.
By controlling the color of the microfluid, the infrared emissivity of the microfluidic film in this example varies from about 0.5 to about 0.9, and the visible colors include eight colors of red, yellow, blue, orange, green, violet, black and silver. The specific operation is as follows: when no fluid is introduced into the microfluidic film, the film is wholly displayed as silvery white of a silver reflecting layer, and the infrared emissivity of the film is 0.5; when the first layer of fluid is introduced, one of the three colors selected in the step 6) can be displayed, wherein the visible color can be red, yellow and blue, and the infrared emissivity is 0.69; when two layers of fluid are introduced, the color mixing of any two of red, yellow and blue can be realized, the visible colors can be red, yellow, blue, orange, green and purple, and the infrared emissivity is 0.82; when three layers of fluid are introduced, red, yellow, blue, orange, green, purple and black can be realized, and the infrared emissivity is 0.91.
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a microfluidic thin film structure according to the present embodiment; the microfluidic thin film is divided into three layers, and each layer is externally connected with an injection pump and can be independently controlled.
Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of the microfluidic film structure of the present embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional SEM image of a microfluidic thin film of the present embodiment; as can be seen from the figures: each layer of channels exists independently and each layer of channels has a cross-sectional height of about 60m.
Fig. 4 is a graph showing the change of emissivity with the thickness of the micro-fluid in this example, wherein the abscissa indicates the total thickness of the micro-channel passing through the fluid, and it can be seen from the graph: the paraffin oil microfluid layers with different thicknesses have different emissivity, and the thickness of the microfluid can be selected according to the emissivity required to be realized.
FIG. 5 is a spectrum of different colors in the present embodiment, and can be seen from the figure: the three-layer micro-fluidic film in this embodiment can realize eight different colors.
Example 2
A microfluidic film for optical camouflage comprising a transparent microfluidic channel and a visible-infrared modulating microfluidic. The microfluidic channel is provided with a three-layer microfluidic channel structure and is formed by hot pressing a polystyrene film, and the film substrate is a metal reflecting layer. The visible-infrared modulation microfluid is low viscosity paraffin oil mixed with oil-soluble pigment.
The preparation method of the infrared and visible light dual-band camouflage film provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
1) A stainless steel plate of 5 cm. Times.5 cm. Times.0.3 cm was cut by a laser to obtain a linear microchannel recess having a depth of 100 μm and a width of 200. Mu.m.
2) Spreading polystyrene particles on one side of the stainless steel plate with the concave in the step 1), pressing for 20 minutes at the temperature of 190 ℃ and the pressure of 15MPa by using a hot press, and controlling the thickness of the film to be 10 mu m by using a feeler gauge. Cooling to room temperature and decompressing to obtain the polystyrene film with the convex structure.
3) The polystyrene flat plate and three polystyrene films with the convex structures are aligned from top to bottom, and are pressed for 30 minutes by a hot press, wherein the parameters are 125 ℃ and 0.1MPa.
4) Taking out the microfluidic film in the step 3), and plating silver with a layer thickness of about 200nm on the bottom surface by utilizing magnetron sputtering, wherein the parameters are bias voltage of 100V, power of 100W and internal air pressure of 1.4Pa.
5) And accessing the drainage tube to encapsulate the inlet and outlet of the microfluidic channel.
6) 5mg of red, 5mg of yellow and 5mg of blue oil-soluble pigment are respectively added into 50mL of low-viscosity paraffin oil, and the mixture is stirred and mixed uniformly, so that the micro-channels are filled.
By controlling the microfluidics, the infrared emissivity of the microfluidic film in this example varies in the range of 0.5-0.9, and the visible colors include eight colors of red, yellow, blue, orange, green, violet, black and silvery white. The specific operation is as follows: when no fluid is introduced into the microfluidic film, the film is wholly displayed as silvery white of a silver reflecting layer, and the infrared emissivity of the film is 0.5; when the first layer of fluid is introduced, one of the three colors selected in the step 6) can be displayed, wherein the visible color can be red, yellow and blue, and the infrared emissivity is 0.71; when two layers of fluid are introduced, the color mixing of any two of red, yellow and blue can be realized, the visible colors can be red, yellow, blue, orange, green and purple, and the infrared emissivity is 0.82; when three layers of fluid are introduced, red, yellow, blue, orange, green, purple and black can be realized, and the infrared emissivity is 0.89.
Example 3
A microfluidic film for optical camouflage comprising a transparent microfluidic channel and a visible-infrared modulating microfluidic. The micro-fluid channel is provided with two layers of micro-channel structures, and is formed by hot pressing a polyethylene film, and the film substrate is a metal reflecting layer. The visible-infrared modulation microfluid is low viscosity paraffin oil mixed with oil-soluble pigment.
The preparation method of the infrared and visible light dual-band camouflage film provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
1) A stainless steel plate of 5 cm. Times.5 cm. Times.0.3 cm was chemically etched to obtain a linear micro flow channel depression of 200 μm in depth and 300 μm in width.
2) The polyethylene particles are flatly paved on one side of the stainless steel plate with the concave in the step 1), the polyethylene particles are pressed for 10 minutes by a hot press at the temperature of 150 ℃ and the pressure of 10MPa, and the thickness of the film is controlled to be 40 mu m by a feeler gauge. Cooling to room temperature and decompressing to obtain the polyethylene film with the convex structure.
3) The polyethylene flat plate and two polyethylene films with the convex structures are aligned from top to bottom, and are pressed for 30 minutes by a hot press, wherein the parameters are that the temperature is 125 ℃ and the pressure is 0.1MPa.
4) Taking out the microfluidic film in the step 3), and plating silver with a layer thickness of about 200nm on the bottom surface by utilizing magnetron sputtering, wherein the parameters are bias voltage of 100V, power of 100W and internal air pressure of 1.4Pa.
5) And accessing the drainage tube to encapsulate the inlet and outlet of the microfluidic channel.
6) 5mg of red and 5mg of yellow oil-soluble pigment are respectively added into 50mL of low-viscosity paraffin oil, and the mixture is stirred and mixed uniformly, so that the micro-channels are filled.
By controlling the microfluidics, the infrared emissivity of the microfluidic film in this example varies from about 0.5 to about 0.9, with four colors of red, yellow, orange and silvery. When no fluid is introduced into the microfluidic film, the film is wholly displayed as silvery white of a silver reflecting layer, and the infrared emissivity of the film is 0.45; when the first layer of fluid is introduced, one of the two colors selected in the step 6) can be displayed, wherein the visible color can be red or yellow, and the infrared emissivity is 0.7; when two layers of fluid are introduced, the color mixing of red and yellow can be realized, the visible colors can be red, yellow and orange, and the infrared emissivity is 0.9.
Example 4
A microfluidic film for optical camouflage comprising a transparent microfluidic channel and a visible-infrared modulating microfluidic. The microfluidic channel is provided with a layer of micro-channel structure, and is formed by hot pressing a polyethylene film, and the film substrate is a metal reflecting layer. The visible-infrared modulating microfluidics is water mixed with oil-soluble pigments.
The preparation method of the infrared and visible light dual-band camouflage film provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
1) A stainless steel plate having a depth of 100 μm and a width of 200 μm was obtained by chemical etching of 5 cm. Times.5 cm. Times.0.3 cm.
2) The polyethylene particles are flatly paved on one side of the stainless steel plate with the concave in the step 1), the polyethylene particles are pressed for 10 minutes by a hot press at the temperature of 150 ℃ and the pressure of 10MPa, and the thickness of the film is controlled to be 40 mu m by a feeler gauge. Cooling to room temperature and decompressing to obtain the polyethylene film with the convex structure.
3) The polyethylene flat plate and a polyethylene film with a convex structure are aligned from top to bottom, and are pressed for 30 minutes by a hot press, wherein the parameters are that the temperature is 125 ℃ and the pressure is 0.1MPa.
4) Taking out the microfluidic film in the step 3), and plating silver with a layer thickness of about 200nm on the bottom surface by utilizing magnetron sputtering, wherein the parameters are bias voltage of 100V, power of 100W and internal air pressure of 1.4Pa.
5) And accessing the drainage tube to encapsulate the inlet and outlet of the microfluidic channel.
6) 5mg of red pigment is added into 50mL of water, and the mixture is stirred and mixed uniformly, and the micro-channel is filled.
By controlling the microfluid, the infrared emissivity of the microfluidic film in the embodiment is 0.05 and 0.95, and the color is red and white. When no fluid is introduced into the microfluidic film, the film is wholly displayed as silvery white of a silver reflecting layer, and the infrared emissivity of the film is 0.05; when fluid was introduced, the film appeared red with an infrared emissivity of 0.95.
Example 5
A microfluidic film for optical camouflage comprising a transparent microfluidic channel and a visible-infrared modulating microfluidic. The microfluidic channel is provided with a layer of micro-channel structure, and is formed by hot pressing a polyethylene film, and the film substrate is a metal reflecting layer. The visible-infrared modulation microfluid is low viscosity paraffin oil mixed with oil-soluble pigment.
The preparation method of the infrared and visible light dual-band camouflage film provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
1) A stainless steel plate of 5 cm. Times.5 cm. Times.0.3 cm was chemically etched to obtain linear micro flow channel recesses of 400 μm in depth and 600 μm in width.
2) The polyethylene particles are flatly paved on one side of the stainless steel plate with the concave in the step 1), the polyethylene particles are pressed for 10 minutes by a hot press at the temperature of 150 ℃ and the pressure of 10MPa, and the thickness of the film is controlled to be 40 mu m by a feeler gauge. Cooling to room temperature and decompressing to obtain the polyethylene film with the convex structure.
3) The polyethylene flat plate and a polyethylene film with a convex structure are aligned from top to bottom, and are pressed for 30 minutes by a hot press, wherein the parameters are that the temperature is 125 ℃ and the pressure is 0.1MPa.
4) Taking out the microfluidic film in the step 3), and plating silver with a layer thickness of about 200nm on the bottom surface by utilizing magnetron sputtering, wherein the parameters are bias voltage of 100V, power of 100W and internal air pressure of 1.4Pa.
5) And accessing the drainage tube to encapsulate the inlet and outlet of the microfluidic channel.
6) 5mg of red oil-soluble pigment is added into 50mL of low-viscosity paraffin oil, and the mixture is stirred and mixed uniformly, and the micro-channels are filled.
By controlling the microfluid, the infrared emissivity of the microfluidic film in the embodiment is 0.55 and 0.95, and the color is red and white. When no fluid is introduced into the microfluidic film, the film is wholly displayed as silvery white of a silver reflecting layer, and the infrared emissivity of the film is 0.55; when filled with microfluidics, the film appears red with an infrared emissivity of 0.95.
Example 6
A microfluidic film for optical camouflage comprising a transparent microfluidic channel and a visible-infrared modulating microfluidic. The microfluidic channel is provided with a layer of micro-channel structure, and is formed by hot pressing a polyethylene film, and the film substrate is a metal reflecting layer. The visible-infrared modulation microfluid is low viscosity paraffin oil mixed with oil-soluble pigment.
The preparation method of the infrared and visible light dual-band camouflage film provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
1) A stainless steel plate having a depth of 30 μm and a width of 60 μm was obtained by chemically etching a stainless steel plate having a thickness of 5 cm. Times.5 cm. Times.0.3 cm.
2) The polyethylene particles are flatly paved on one side of the stainless steel plate with the concave in the step 1), the polyethylene particles are pressed for 10 minutes by a hot press at the temperature of 150 ℃ and the pressure of 10MPa, and the thickness of the film is controlled to be 40 mu m by a feeler gauge. Cooling to room temperature and decompressing to obtain the polyethylene film with the convex structure.
3) The polyethylene flat plate and a polyethylene film with a convex structure are aligned from top to bottom, and are pressed for 30 minutes by a hot press, wherein the parameters are that the temperature is 125 ℃ and the pressure is 0.1MPa.
4) Taking out the microfluidic film in the step 3), and plating silver with a layer thickness of about 200nm on the bottom surface by utilizing magnetron sputtering, wherein the parameters are bias voltage of 100V, power of 100W and internal air pressure of 1.4Pa.
5) And accessing the drainage tube to encapsulate the inlet and outlet of the microfluidic channel.
6) 5mg of red oil-soluble pigment is added into 50mL of low-viscosity paraffin oil, and the mixture is stirred and mixed uniformly, and the micro-channels are filled.
By controlling the microfluid, the infrared emissivity of the microfluidic film in the embodiment is 0.05 and 0.4, and the color is red and white. When no fluid is introduced into the microfluidic film, the film is wholly displayed as silvery white of a silver reflecting layer, and the infrared emissivity of the film is 0.05; when full of fluid, the film appears red with an infrared emissivity of 0.4.
Example 7
This embodiment is substantially the same as embodiment 4 except that: introducing ethylene gas into the microfluidic film, wherein when no fluid is introduced into the microfluidic film, the whole film is silvery white of a silver reflecting layer, and the infrared emissivity of the film is 0.05; when fluid was introduced, the film as a whole showed a silvery white color of the silver reflective layer, with an emissivity of 0.5 at full gas.
While the invention has been described with respect to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood that the invention is not limited thereto, but is capable of modification and variation without departing from the spirit of the invention, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Claims (7)
1. A microfluidic film for visual and infrared dual-band camouflage, characterized by: the microfluidic thin film has a single-layer or multi-layer micro-channel structure, the back surface of the microfluidic thin film is provided with a reflecting layer, micro-fluid is introduced into the micro-channels, and the visible color and infrared emissivity of the whole microfluidic thin film are controlled through the micro-fluid in each layer of micro-channel; the microfluid is a visible light selective absorption and infrared semitransparent liquid or gas; the microfluid is selectively absorbed in a visible band, shows corresponding colors, is semitransparent in an infrared band, and increases in infrared emissivity with the increase of the thickness of the fluid.
2. The microfluidic film for both visible and infrared dual band camouflage of claim 1 wherein: the microfluidic film is a flexible polymer material transparent in both visible and infrared bands.
3. The microfluidic film for both visible and infrared dual band camouflage of claim 1 wherein: the microfluidic thin film is any one of polyethylene, polystyrene, polypropylene and polyvinyl chloride.
4. The microfluidic film for both visible and infrared dual band camouflage of claim 1 wherein: the liquid is at least one of paraffin oil, water, dimethyl silicone oil, ethanol, rosin water and acetone mixed with pigment.
5. A method of preparing a microfluidic film for visual and infrared dual band camouflage as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 comprising the steps of:
(1) Preparing a template to obtain a template of a micro-channel with a required flow channel shape;
(2) Spreading the polymer on one side of the template surface prepared in the step (1) with a pattern structure, carrying out hot pressing, melting the polymer to fill the channels of the template, and cooling to obtain a polymer film with a micro-channel structure;
(3) The polymer film with the micro-channel structure obtained in the step (2) is bonded with a polymer flat film through hot pressing to form a micro-fluid channel, and a film with the micro-fluid channel is obtained;
(4) Depositing a reflective layer on the bottom surface of the film with the microfluidic channel obtained in the step (3);
(5) And (3) introducing microfluid into the microfluidic channel of the film obtained in the step (4) and packaging an inlet and an outlet of the microfluidic channel to obtain the microfluidic film for camouflage in the visible and infrared dual-band.
6. The method for preparing a microfluidic film for visible and infrared dual-band camouflage according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the steps of: in the step (1), the specific steps for preparing the template are as follows: and (3) cutting or chemically etching the template by adopting laser, and preparing a channel on the surface of the template according to the required shape of the runner.
7. The method for preparing a microfluidic film for visible and infrared dual-band camouflage according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the steps of: in the step (3), when preparing the multi-layer micro-flow channel, a plurality of polymer films are sequentially stacked and then bonded with the polymer flat film in a hot-pressing way.
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