CN114136646B - Wide-angle adaptive incoming flow total pressure measuring device - Google Patents
Wide-angle adaptive incoming flow total pressure measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114136646B CN114136646B CN202111223507.XA CN202111223507A CN114136646B CN 114136646 B CN114136646 B CN 114136646B CN 202111223507 A CN202111223507 A CN 202111223507A CN 114136646 B CN114136646 B CN 114136646B
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Abstract
The application provides a wide-angle adaptive incoming flow total pressure measuring device, which belongs to the technical field of aero-engine/gas turbine tests, and particularly comprises a displacement mechanism, a mounting seat and a probe, wherein the displacement mechanism is arranged above the mounting seat, the probe penetrates through the displacement mechanism and the mounting seat, and a total pressure measuring point of the probe is positioned below the mounting seat; a servo motor is arranged in the displacement mechanism and drives the probe to rotate; an absolute encoder is further arranged in the displacement mechanism and used for detecting the rotation angle of the probe. According to the processing scheme provided by the application, the problem that the total pressure measurement accuracy of the fixed probe is obviously reduced due to the change of the incoming flow angle of the characteristic section in the turbine part test can be solved, and the measurement accuracy of the turbine test efficiency under non-various working conditions can be ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of aero-engine/gas turbine tests, in particular to a wide-angle adaptive incoming flow total pressure measuring device.
Background
The turbine takes a significant role as a key hot-end component in an aeroengine/gas turbine in a development system, and the working characteristics of the turbine are obtained through a component aerodynamic performance test and are currently universal means internationally. The most direct and general parameter for evaluating the working capacity of a turbine is the turbine efficiency, and the value needs to be calculated by using the ratio of the total inlet pressure and the total outlet pressure (namely the expansion ratio) of the turbine; in addition, in the test of aerodynamic performance of the turbine component, the total pressure on a typical section such as a turbine interstage is accurately measured to evaluate the working state and the design processing level of the turbine. Currently, in turbine component testing, total pressure is typically measured using a stationary multi-point total pressure probe (typically at least 5 points) with the points radially aligned. The gas inflow angle of the total pressure probe can have certain insensitivity when the total pressure probe measures, namely, when the gas inflow angle is not right opposite to the probe pressure measuring pipe orifice and has certain angle deviation (within +/-15 degrees), the probe can still ensure the measurement accuracy, namely, the gas inflow angle of the total pressure probe is insensitive. When the incoming flow direction of the fuel gas is basically consistent in radial direction and is within the insensitive angle range of each measuring probe, the measuring mode has the advantages of high measuring precision, good repeatability and the like, so that the method is widely applied.
However, in the turbine component test, in addition to obtaining turbine characteristics under the design rotational speed, the design expansion ratio and the cold air flow ratio, test research under the non-design state needs to be performed to comprehensively analyze the turbine working capacities under different working conditions. For turbine components, the air flow angle changes along with the change of the rotating speed and the expansion ratio in the test process, and the current change range of the air flow angle of the advanced turbine outlet section under the limit working condition can exceed +/-35 degrees and far exceeds the insensitive air flow angle of a general total pressure probe. In order to ensure the accuracy of the measuring result of the design point, the total pressure probe is designed and installed according to the direction of the air flow angle of the design point of the measured section, and the measuring precision under different incoming flow air flow angles is ensured by the insensitive angle of the probe. When the incoming flow angle change exceeds the insensitive angle of the fixed probe, the total pressure measurement accuracy is rapidly reduced, so that the data of the test result of the turbine component measured by the fixed probe under the non-design working condition is distorted, the turbine performance cannot be accurately evaluated, and the turbine design result cannot be sufficiently verified.
Currently, there are 3 main ways to solve this problem in the industry:
(1) The design method of the total pressure probe is improved, and the insensitive air flow angle is increased. The method increases the insensitive air flow angle of the total pressure probe mainly through the modes of probe pneumatic profile adjustment optimization, stagnation cover optimization and the like so as to improve the adaptability of the incoming flow angle. The method can solve the problem of measurement error increase after exceeding an insensitive air flow angle (the current angle can reach about +/-20 degrees) in a certain range, but with the further improvement of the adaptability requirement of the test environment to the air flow angle, the method can not obtain a satisfactory effect;
(2) And correcting test data according to the deflection angle of the airflow by adopting a fixed total pressure probe. The method obtains a preliminary measurement result by arranging a conventional fixed total pressure probe, and corrects the measurement result of the total pressure probe after the test by using a theoretically calculated air flow deflection angle (or an air flow deflection angle measured by using a porous needle), a calibration curve of the total pressure probe, and the like. The method can improve the total pressure measurement precision when the deflection angle of the airflow is not large, but serious distortion errors can be generated in the correction result when the deflection angle is too large, the correction result can not be obtained quickly in the test process, and the application range is not wide;
(3) The measurement was scanned point by point in the radial direction using a three-hole needle/five-hole needle. Because the adaptability range of the air flow angle of the three-hole needle/five-hole needle is wider, the opposite measuring method can be adopted to obtain relatively accurate information such as total pressure, static pressure, mach number, air flow angle and the like, and the method is a relatively effective solution. However, under the engineering application environment, the method has the defects that the three-hole needle/five-hole needle measurement needs to be performed with multipoint point-by-point scanning, the test time is long, and the economical efficiency is poor; in addition, the three-hole needle/five-hole needle has the advantages of high design, processing and calibration difficulty, high cost, long reaction time and easy blockage in engineering use environments, special program is needed for data processing analysis during test, and the three-hole needle/five-hole needle is not suitable for being used as a rapid conventional test means on site.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the embodiment of the application provides a wide-angle adaptive incoming flow total pressure measurement device, and provides a multi-station wide-airflow angle range high-precision incoming flow total pressure measurement device and a method thereof, aiming at the difficulties that in the actual test environment of an aeroengine/gas turbine component, the airflow angle change range is wide, the characteristic section total pressure measurement precision is reduced, and the accurate variable working condition working characteristic of a turbine is difficult to obtain under variable working conditions. The device and the method are used for carrying out experimental research, can meet the total pressure measurement precision requirements of different measurement sections of the turbine component, adapt to the air flow angle change range under various working conditions, and are beneficial to more accurately, rapidly and conveniently measuring the working characteristics of the turbine component under various working conditions.
The embodiment of the application provides a wide-angle adaptive incoming flow total pressure measuring device, which comprises a displacement mechanism, an installation seat and a probe, wherein the displacement mechanism is arranged above the installation seat, the probe passes through the displacement mechanism and the installation seat, and a total pressure measuring point of the probe is positioned below the installation seat; a servo motor is arranged in the displacement mechanism and drives the probe to rotate; an absolute encoder is further arranged in the displacement mechanism and used for detecting the rotation angle of the probe.
According to a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the application, the device further comprises a probe mounting clamp cylinder, wherein the probe mounting clamp cylinder vertically penetrates through the displacement mechanism and the mounting seat; the probe passes through the probe mounting clamping cylinder, both ends of the probe extend out of the probe mounting clamping cylinder, the probe is connected with the probe mounting clamping cylinder through a connecting piece, and the servo motor drives the probe mounting clamping cylinder and drives the probe to rotate.
According to a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the application, the probe mounting clamping cylinder is fixedly connected with a first transmission gear, and the first transmission gear is in transmission connection with a second transmission gear of the servo motor.
According to a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the application, a bearing is arranged in the displacement mechanism, and the bearing is sleeved on the probe mounting clamping cylinder and fixedly connected with the inner wall of the displacement mechanism.
According to a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the application, the connecting piece for connecting the probe and the probe mounting clamp cylinder is a rigid coupling, the rigid coupling is sleeved at the joint of the probe mounting clamp cylinder and the probe, one end of the rigid coupling is fixedly connected with the probe mounting clamp cylinder, and the other end of the rigid coupling is fixedly connected with the probe.
According to a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the application, positioning key grooves are formed in the connecting positions of the probe and the rigid coupling, the rigid coupling and the probe are fixed through key blocks, and the key blocks are located in the positioning key grooves.
According to a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the application, a sealing ring is arranged at the joint of the probe and the mounting seat, and the sealing ring surrounds the probe.
According to a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the application, the sealing ring is a T-shaped sealing ring, and the top of the T-shaped sealing ring is connected with the bottom wall of the mounting seat through a screw.
According to a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the application, a first water cooling cavity is arranged at the bottom of the displacement mechanism, and a first water inlet hole and a first water outlet hole which are connected with the first water cooling cavity are arranged on the side wall of the displacement mechanism.
According to a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the application, a second water cooling cavity is arranged on the inner side of the top of the displacement mechanism, and a second water inlet hole and a second water outlet hole which are connected with the second water cooling cavity are arranged on the side wall of the displacement mechanism.
Advantageous effects
According to the wide-angle adaptive incoming flow total pressure measuring device provided by the embodiment of the application, the probe can be used for carrying out rotation measurement by installing the displacement mechanism on the installation seat, the problem that the total pressure measuring precision of the fixed probe is obviously reduced due to the change of the incoming flow angle of the characteristic section in the test of the turbine component can be solved, and the efficiency measuring accuracy of the turbine test under non-various working conditions can be ensured.
The one-dimensional displacement mechanism provided by the application has the characteristics of reliable structure, strong universality, light weight, convenience in use and the like, is suitable for being used in severe environments such as high temperature, high pressure, oil mist, vibration and the like in turbine tests, and also has the requirement of accurately measuring the total pressure of incoming flows at multiple cross-section positions by simultaneously using multiple sets of devices in the same test; the multipoint total pressure probe has a simple structure, and can obtain a good application effect without special design; the incoming flow total pressure measuring method provided by the application is based on the set of measuring device, and has the advantages of clear principle, simplicity in operation, good realizability and the like.
The application solves the problem that the performance parameters can only be accurately recorded aiming at design points in the traditional aero-engine/gas turbine component test, and can conveniently obtain the total pressure parameters of the turbine characteristic section under various working conditions.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wide-angle adaptive incoming flow total pressure measurement device according to an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a wide-angle adaptive incoming flow total pressure measurement device according to an embodiment of the application;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a probe structure according to an embodiment of the application.
In the figure: 1. 1-1 parts of displacement mechanism, 1-2 parts of direct current servo gear motor, 1-3 parts of first transmission gear, 1-4 parts of second transmission gear, a sealing ring, 1-5 parts of mounting seat, 1-6 parts of first water cooling cavity, 1-7 parts of bearing, 1-8 parts of absolute encoder, 1-9 parts of second water cooling cavity, 1-10 parts of probe mounting clamp cylinder, 1-11 parts of rigid coupling, 2 parts of probe, 2-1 parts of positioning key slot, 2-2 parts of total pressure measuring point, 2-3 parts of probe rod, 3 parts of pressure measuring pipe, 4 parts of first water inlet hole, 5 parts of first water outlet hole, 6 parts of second water inlet hole, 7 parts of second water outlet hole.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Other advantages and effects of the present application will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, which describes the embodiments of the present application with reference to specific examples. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the application. The application may be practiced or carried out in other embodiments that depart from the specific details, and the details of the present description may be modified or varied from the spirit and scope of the present application. It should be noted that the following embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
It is noted that various aspects of the embodiments are described below within the scope of the following claims. It should be apparent that the aspects described herein may be embodied in a wide variety of forms and that any specific structure and/or function described herein is merely illustrative. Based on the present disclosure, one skilled in the art will appreciate that one aspect described herein may be implemented independently of any other aspect, and that two or more of these aspects may be combined in various ways. For example, an apparatus may be implemented and/or a method practiced using any number of the aspects set forth herein. In addition, such apparatus may be implemented and/or such methods practiced using other structure and/or functionality in addition to one or more of the aspects set forth herein.
It should also be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments merely illustrate the basic concept of the present application by way of illustration, and only the components related to the present application are shown in the drawings and are not drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation, and the form, number and proportion of the components in actual implementation may be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may be more complicated.
In addition, in the following description, specific details are provided in order to provide a thorough understanding of the examples. However, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the aspects may be practiced without these specific details.
The embodiment of the application provides a wide-angle adaptive incoming flow total pressure measuring device, which comprises a displacement mechanism 1, an installation seat 1-5 and a probe 2, wherein the displacement mechanism 1 is arranged above the installation seat 1-5, the probe 2 passes through the displacement mechanism 1 and the installation seat 1-5, and a total pressure measuring point of the probe 2 is positioned below the installation seat 1-5; a servo motor is arranged in the displacement mechanism 1 and drives the probe 2 to rotate; an absolute encoder 1-8 is further arranged in the displacement mechanism 1, and the absolute encoder 1-8 is used for detecting the rotation angle of the probe 2. Specifically, the displacement mechanism 1 is a one-dimensional displacement mechanism, and circular motion is realized. The servo motor adopts a direct current servo speed reducing motor 1-1 for generating power, and the absolute encoder 1-8 feeds back the position of the probe 2 in real time so as to facilitate the next operation judgment. The mounting bases 1-5 of the mechanism are of a miniaturized structure and are compatible with the existing fixed mounting bases.
Further, the probe 2 is a multi-point total pressure probe, the multi-point total pressure probe is installed on the one-dimensional displacement mechanism in a clamping manner, and fig. 3 shows the structural form of the multi-point total pressure probe. Compared with the conventional multipoint probe, the multipoint total pressure probe has no fixed mounting seat, adopts a straight rod form, the rear end pressure measuring tube 3 is clustered and has no adapter seat form so as to be convenient to mount, the probe rod 2-3 is positioned below the mounting seat 1-5, the total pressure measuring points 2-2 can be arranged according to the equal annular area or equal intervals as required, the distribution rule of the total pressure measuring points 2-2 can be designed along the radial direction according to the air flow angle according to the calculation result of the turbine S2, the positioning key slot 2-1 is arranged at a certain height on the probe rod 2-3 so as to be convenient for the firm mounting of the probe 2, the depth and the initial angle for the positioning probe 2 of the positioning key slot 2-1 can be directly used during the mounting, the difficulty of manual measurement scribing of the probe mounting of the conventional displacement mechanism is greatly reduced, and the working quality is ensured.
Further, the device also comprises a probe mounting clamping cylinder 1-10, wherein the probe mounting clamping cylinder 1-10 vertically penetrates through the displacement mechanism 1 and the mounting seat 1-5; the probe 2 passes through the probe mounting clamping cylinder 1-10, two ends of the probe 2 extend out of the probe mounting clamping cylinder 1-10, the probe 2 is connected with the probe mounting clamping cylinder 1-10 through a connecting piece, and the servo motor drives the probe mounting clamping cylinder 1-10 and drives the probe 2 to rotate.
Further, a first transmission gear 1-2 is fixedly connected to the probe mounting clamping cylinder 1-10, and the first transmission gear 1-2 is in transmission connection with a second transmission gear 1-3 of the servo motor. The displacement mechanism 1 generates driving force by a direct current servo gear motor 1-1, drives the probe mounting clamping cylinder 1-10 to rotate through a first transmission gear 1-2, a second transmission gear 1-3 and the like, and the multi-point total pressure probe is connected with the probe mounting clamping cylinder 1-10 through a connecting piece and rotates at the same speed.
In one embodiment, a bearing 1-7 is arranged in the displacement mechanism 1, and the bearing 1-7 is sleeved on the probe mounting clamping cylinder 1-10 and fixedly connected with the inner wall of the displacement mechanism 1. The probe mounting clamp 1-10 can be positioned and mounted in the displacement mechanism 1 through the bearings 1-7.
Specifically, the connecting piece that probe 2 and probe installation clamp 1-10 are connected sets up to rigid coupling 1-11, rigid coupling 1-11 cover is located probe installation clamp 1-10 with probe 2 meets the department, rigid coupling 1-11 one end with probe installation clamp 1-10 fixed connection, the other end with probe 2 fixed connection. The connection of the rigid coupling 1-11 with the probe mounting cartridge 1-10 and the probe 2 may be by bolting.
In one embodiment, the positioning key grooves 2-1 are arranged at the connecting positions of the probe 2 and the rigid coupling 1-11, the rigid coupling 1-11 and the probe 2 are fixed through key blocks, and the key blocks are positioned in the positioning key grooves 2-1.
In a preferred embodiment, a sealing ring 1-4 is arranged at the joint of the probe 2 and the mounting seat 1-5, and the sealing ring 1-4 surrounds the probe 2.
Specifically, the sealing ring 1-4 is a T-shaped sealing ring, and the top of the T-shaped sealing ring is connected with the bottom wall of the mounting seat 1-5 through a screw. Preferably, the T-shaped sealing ring is a polytetrafluoroethylene sealing ring, and plays roles of sealing the main flow channel and preventing the high-temperature high-pressure gas flushing mechanism.
In one embodiment, a first water cooling cavity 1-6 is arranged at the bottom of the displacement mechanism 1, and a first water inlet hole 4 and a first water outlet hole 5 connected with the first water cooling cavity are arranged on the side wall of the displacement mechanism 1. The first water cooling cavity 1-6 is used for isolating heat conducted on the mounting seat 1-5 of the mechanism and taking away heat generated by the mechanism.
According to a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the application, a second water cooling cavity 1-9 is arranged on the inner side of the top of the displacement mechanism 1, a second water inlet hole 6 and a second water outlet hole 7 which are connected with the second water cooling cavity 1-9 are arranged on the side wall of the displacement mechanism 1, and the second water cooling cavity 1-9 is used for taking away heat generated in the displacement mechanism 1 and ensuring normal operation of components in the displacement mechanism 1.
When the device is specifically used, because the total pressure is the highest local stagnation pressure of the airflow, based on the measuring device provided by the application, the incoming flow total pressure measuring method provided by the application mainly uses two schemes to judge whether the incoming flow total pressure is accurately measured, one is that the sum of the total pressures measured at each measuring point is the largest, and the other is that the total pressure measured near the 50% blade height position is the largest, and the method can be selected according to the radial distribution characteristics of the total pressure of the airflow of the test turbine. During the test, a one-dimensional displacement mechanism driven by a servo motor is used for driving a multi-point total pressure probe, the result acquired by the pressure acquisition module is compared with the total pressure data of the previous position in real time, whether the maximum value which can be measured is reached or not is determined through successive comparison, and the maximum value is used as the total pressure of incoming flow, so that a more accurate total pressure measurement result can be obtained compared with the current fixed probe or correction method.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present application, and the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions easily contemplated by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present application should be included in the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the application is subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. The device is characterized by comprising a displacement mechanism, an installation seat and a probe, wherein the displacement mechanism is arranged above the installation seat, the probe penetrates through the displacement mechanism and the installation seat, and a total pressure measuring point of the probe is positioned below the installation seat; a servo motor is arranged in the displacement mechanism and drives the probe to rotate; an absolute encoder is arranged in the displacement mechanism and is used for detecting the rotation angle of the probe;
the device also comprises a probe mounting clamping cylinder which vertically penetrates through the displacement mechanism and the mounting seat; the probe penetrates through the probe mounting clamping cylinder, two ends of the probe extend out of the probe mounting clamping cylinder, the probe is connected with the probe mounting clamping cylinder through a connecting piece, and the servo motor drives the probe mounting clamping cylinder and drives the probe to rotate; the connecting piece for connecting the probe and the probe mounting clamping cylinder is a rigid coupler, the rigid coupler is sleeved at the joint of the probe mounting clamping cylinder and the probe, one end of the rigid coupler is fixedly connected with the probe mounting clamping cylinder, and the other end of the rigid coupler is fixedly connected with the probe;
the servo motor drives the displacement mechanism to drive the probe, the result acquired by the pressure acquisition module is compared with the total pressure data of the previous position in real time, whether the maximum value which can be measured is reached or not is determined through successive comparison, and the maximum value is used as the total pressure of incoming flow.
2. The wide-angle adaptive incoming flow total pressure measuring device according to claim 1, wherein a first transmission gear is fixedly connected to the probe mounting cartridge, and the first transmission gear is in transmission connection with a second transmission gear of the servo motor.
3. The wide-angle adaptive incoming flow total pressure measuring device according to claim 1, wherein a bearing is arranged in the displacement mechanism, and the bearing is sleeved on the probe mounting cartridge and fixedly connected with the inner wall of the displacement mechanism.
4. The wide-angle adaptive incoming flow total pressure measurement device according to claim 1, wherein positioning key slots are formed in the connecting positions of the probe and the rigid coupling, the rigid coupling and the probe are fixed through key blocks, and the key blocks are located in the positioning key slots.
5. The wide angle adaptive incoming flow total pressure measurement device of claim 1, wherein a sealing ring is arranged at the joint of the probe and the mounting seat, and the sealing ring surrounds the probe.
6. The wide angle adaptive incoming flow total pressure measurement device of claim 5, wherein the sealing ring is configured as a T-shaped sealing ring, and the top of the T-shaped sealing ring is connected to the bottom wall of the mounting seat by a screw.
7. The wide-angle adaptive incoming flow total pressure measuring device according to claim 1, wherein a first water cooling cavity is arranged at the bottom of the displacement mechanism, and a first water inlet hole and a first water outlet hole which are connected with the first water cooling cavity are arranged on the side wall of the displacement mechanism.
8. The wide-angle adaptive incoming flow total pressure measuring device according to claim 7, wherein a second water cooling cavity is arranged on the inner side of the top of the displacement mechanism, and a second water inlet hole and a second water outlet hole which are connected with the second water cooling cavity are arranged on the side wall of the displacement mechanism.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111223507.XA CN114136646B (en) | 2021-10-20 | Wide-angle adaptive incoming flow total pressure measuring device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111223507.XA CN114136646B (en) | 2021-10-20 | Wide-angle adaptive incoming flow total pressure measuring device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114136646A CN114136646A (en) | 2022-03-04 |
| CN114136646B true CN114136646B (en) | 2023-09-01 |
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