CN114135339A - Profile connecting method for turbine impeller and rotating shaft - Google Patents

Profile connecting method for turbine impeller and rotating shaft Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114135339A
CN114135339A CN202111419042.5A CN202111419042A CN114135339A CN 114135339 A CN114135339 A CN 114135339A CN 202111419042 A CN202111419042 A CN 202111419042A CN 114135339 A CN114135339 A CN 114135339A
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rotating shaft
profile
turbine
turbine impeller
diameter
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CN114135339B (en
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刘烨
王增全
佟鼎
史鑫钰
王晋伟
王依宁
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China North Engine Research Institute Tianjin
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/02—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/02—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
    • F01D5/025—Fixing blade carrying members on shafts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a method for connecting a profile surface of a turbine impeller and a rotating shaft, which comprises the following steps: s1, determining structural parameters of the connecting part of the turbine impeller and the rotating shaft; s2, determining the thickness of the rotating shaft sleeve wall; s3, processing a profile; and S4, assembling the contour profile connecting part of the turbine impeller and the rotating shaft through interference fit. The invention creates the profile surface connecting method of the turbine impeller and the rotating shaft, which not only ensures the connecting strength, but also improves the stress distribution of the connecting part, can transmit the torque between the turbine impeller and the rotating shaft to the maximum extent, and better adapts to the stable operation of the supercharger at high rotating speed.

Description

Profile connecting method for turbine impeller and rotating shaft
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of turbocharger structures, and particularly relates to a method for connecting a profile surface of a turbine impeller and a rotating shaft.
Background
The turbine rotating shaft is one of the core parts of the turbocharger and is formed by connecting a turbine impeller and the rotating shaft. At present, cast nickel-based alloy is widely adopted for turbine impellers of superchargers of diesel enginesWeathering alloy K418 material (material density 8.0 x 10)3kg/m3) The rotating shaft is made of 42CrMo alloy steel material. For supercharger turbine wheels made of K418 material and rotating shafts made of 42CrMo alloy steel, friction welding or electron beam welding is mostly adopted to directly connect the turbine and the rotating shaft. However, due to the high density of the K418 material, the rotational inertia of the turbine manufactured by the K418 material is also high, so that the transient response of the engine is poor, and particularly for a vehicle engine, a black smoke phenomenon exists during starting and accelerating.
In order to improve the transient response of the exhaust gas turbocharged engine, reduce the black smoke phenomenon during starting/accelerating and reduce the rotational inertia of a rotor of the turbocharger, the turbine impeller of the turbocharger can adopt a new titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound material with higher specific strength. Particularly, the density of the material is only half of that of K418 high-temperature alloy, and the material has good high-temperature performance and oxidation resistance, and has larger elastic modulus, and the rotational inertia of a supercharger turbine rotor can be obviously reduced by using the supercharger turbine prepared from the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound material. However, the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound is a brittle material with physical and mechanical properties between those of metal and ceramic materials, the traditional nickel-based superalloy welding process cannot ensure the reliable connection between the turbine made of the brittle material and the structural steel shaft, and the connection strength of the turbine rotating shaft cannot be effectively ensured.
Therefore, in order to ensure the reliability of the rotating shaft of the turbocharger turbine, a novel connecting method of the turbine wheel and the rotating shaft needs to be researched so as to realize the reliable connection of the turbine wheel and the rotating shaft.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method for connecting a profile of a turbine wheel to a rotating shaft, so as to solve the problem of low reliability of connection between the turbine wheel and the rotating shaft.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a method for connecting a profile of a turbine wheel to a shaft, comprising the steps of:
s1, determining structural parameters of the connecting part of the turbine impeller and the rotating shaft;
s2, determining the thickness of the rotating shaft sleeve wall;
s3, processing the profile of the rotating shaft;
s4, assembling the connecting part of the profile of the turbine impeller and the profile of the rotating shaft through interference fit, and realizing the axial reliability of the turbine and the rotating shaft.
Further, the specific method for determining the structural parameters of the connection part of the turbine impeller and the rotating shaft in the step S1 includes:
according to the radial and axial matching structure of the titanium-aluminum turbine rotating shaft and the bearing body, the value of the equivalent circle diameter Dm of the special profile at the joint of the turbine and the rotating shaft is determined, and the offset e of the profile with the special profile can be known by referring to the design size specified by German standard DIN 32711;
according to the relation of the polar inertia moment Jp of the turbine and Dm, e, the value of the polar inertia moment Jp can be obtained:
Figure BDA0003376208990000021
in order to verify whether the designed special profile meets the design requirement, whether the maximum allowable shear stress tau perm relation with the titanium-aluminum alloy is met or not can be judged according to the given turbine working torque T, Jp and Dm through the following formula:
Figure BDA0003376208990000022
in order to ensure the structural parameters of the special profile, the sizes of the inner and outer circles of the special profile are determined, and the relationship between the diameter Da of the outer circle of the profile, the diameter Di of the inner tangent circle, the diameter Dm of the equivalent circle and the offset e of the profile is shown as the following formula, and the specific calculation is as follows:
dm Da-2e or Dm Di +2e (3)
And according to Dm and e, obtaining contour line coordinates under different angles through the following parameter form equation:
Figure BDA0003376208990000031
alpha is a parameter and the angle is 0-360 degrees.
In order to satisfy the structural strength of the rotating shaft sleeve, the method for determining the minimum wall thickness S of the rotating shaft sleeve wall in the step S2 includes:
s＝(D-Da)/2＝≥3.5mm (5)
in the formula, D is the outer diameter of the rotating shaft sleeve and can be determined by actual requirements.
Further, the specific method for processing the profile in step S3 is as follows: and the turbine boss and the rotating shaft sleeve hole are processed by a numerical control lathe, and the feed path is controlled after data is guided into the lathe according to a contour line equation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention creates the following advantages in the method for connecting the profile of the turbine impeller and the profile of the rotating shaft:
(1) the invention creates the profile surface connecting method of the turbine impeller and the rotating shaft, which not only ensures the connecting strength, but also improves the stress distribution of the connecting part, can transmit the torque between the turbine impeller and the rotating shaft to the maximum extent, and better adapts to the stable operation of the supercharger at high rotating speed.
(2) The invention creates the connecting method of the profile surface of the turbine impeller and the rotating shaft, the profile surface structural parameter equation is suitable for connecting structures of turbine rotating shafts with different specifications, the universality is strong, the reliability of the turbine impeller and the rotating shaft can be realized, and further the application of new structures and new materials is guided.
(3) The invention creates the connecting method of the profile of the turbine impeller and the rotating shaft, and the mechanical processing is easy to realize.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention without limitation. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for connecting a turbine wheel to a rotating shaft in a contoured profile in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a profile of a joint site according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a sectional view of a turbine rotor shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-a turbine wheel; 2-a rotating shaft.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings, which are merely for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted", "connected" and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g. as being fixed or detachable or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the creation of the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
The invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
The contour profile connection method of the turbine impeller 1 and the rotating shaft 2 comprises the following steps as shown in the figure:
s1, determining structural parameters of the connecting part of the turbine impeller 1 and the rotating shaft 2;
s2, determining the wall thickness of the rotating shaft 2;
s3, processing the profile of the rotating shaft 2;
s4, assembling the connecting part of the profile molded surfaces of the turbine impeller 1 and the rotating shaft 2 through interference fit, and realizing the axial reliability of the turbine and the rotating shaft 2.
The specific method for determining the structural parameters of the connection part of the turbine impeller 1 and the rotating shaft 2 (i.e. the structural dimensions of the boss of the hub of the turbine impeller 1 and the trepanning of the rotating shaft 2) in the step S1 is as follows:
according to the radial and axial matching structure of the titanium-aluminum turbine rotating shaft and the bearing body, the equivalent circle diameter Dm of the special profile surface at the joint of the turbine and the rotating shaft is determined to be 18mm, and referring to the design dimension specified by German standard DIN32711, as shown in the following table 1, e is 0.56 mm.
TABLE 1
Dm/mm e/mm
18 0.56
From the relationship between the polar moment of inertia Jp, Dm and e of the turbine, it can be seen that Jp is 10055.5787mm4，：
Figure BDA0003376208990000061
According to the fact that the torque T of a certain turbine in operation is 62N.m, whether tau meets the following formula (the maximum allowable shear stress tau perm of the titanium-aluminum alloy is 600MPa) can be determined by connecting the profile equivalent circle diameter Dm and the polar moment of inertia Jp of the turbine:
Figure BDA0003376208990000062
calculated tau is obviously lower than the maximum allowable shear stress tau perm of the titanium-aluminum alloy, and the design requirement is met.
In order to ensure the structural parameters of the special profile, the sizes of the inner and outer circles of the special profile are determined, and the specific calculation results of the relationship between the diameter Da of the outer circle of the profile, the diameter Di of the inner tangent circle, the diameter Dm of the equivalent circle and the offset e of the profile are shown in the following table 2:
TABLE 2
Dm/mm Da/mm Di/mm e/mm
18 19.1 16.88 0.56
And according to Dm and e, obtaining contour line coordinates under different angles through the following parameter form equation:
Figure BDA0003376208990000063
alpha is a parameter and the angle is 0-360 degrees.
When the outer diameter D of the spindle sleeve is 26.5mm and Da is 19.1, it may be determined that the minimum wall thickness S of the spindle sleeve wall determined in step S2 is:
s＝(D-Da)/2＝(26.5-19.1)/2＝3.7≥3.5mm (5)
in the formula, s is 3.7, which meets the design requirement of more than or equal to 3.5mm, and ensures the structural strength of the rotating shaft sleeve.
The specific method for processing the profile in the S3 comprises the following steps: the turbine boss of the triangular profile surface and the sleeve hole of the rotating shaft 2 can be processed by a numerical control lathe, and the feed path can be controlled after data are guided into the lathe according to a profile curve equation. When processing 2 trepanning of pivot, circular milling cutter maximum diameter is related to Dm, can refer to following table 3:
TABLE 3
Dm/mm 16～20
Maximum diameter of milling cutter 6.3
According to the matching structure parameters of the turbocharger turbine impeller 1, the rotating shaft 2 and the bearing body, the special profile structural parameters of the connecting part of the turbine impeller 1 and the rotating shaft 2 are determined, and the connecting part of the special profile connecting part is assembled in a matching mode through interference magnitude, so that the stress distribution of the connecting part is improved while the connecting strength is ensured, the torque can be transmitted between the turbine impeller 1 and the rotating shaft 2 to the maximum degree, and the operation stability of the supercharger during high rotating speed is better adapted.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention, so that any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like, which are within the spirit and principle of the present invention, should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. The profile surface connecting method of the turbine impeller and the rotating shaft is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, determining structural parameters of the connecting part of the turbine impeller and the rotating shaft;
s2, determining the thickness of the rotating shaft sleeve wall;
s3, processing the profile of the rotating shaft;
and S4, assembling the contour profile connecting part of the turbine impeller and the rotating shaft through interference fit.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the method further comprises the step of connecting the turbine wheel to the shaft by a profiled connection: according to the radial and axial matching structure of the titanium-aluminum turbine rotating shaft and the bearing body, the value of the equivalent circle diameter Dm of the special profile at the joint of the turbine and the rotating shaft is determined, and the offset e of the profile with the special profile can be known by referring to the design size specified by German standard DIN 32711;
according to the relation of the polar inertia moment Jp of the turbine and Dm, e, the value of the polar inertia moment Jp can be obtained:
Figure FDA0003376208980000011
in order to verify whether the designed special profile meets the design requirement, whether the maximum allowable shear stress tau perm relation with the titanium-aluminum alloy is met or not can be judged according to the given turbine working torque T, Jp and Dm through the following formula:
Figure FDA0003376208980000012
in order to ensure the structural parameters of the special profile, the sizes of the inner and outer circles of the special profile are determined, and the relationship between the diameter Da of the outer circle of the profile, the diameter Di of the inner tangent circle, the diameter Dm of the equivalent circle and the offset e of the profile is shown as the following formula, and the specific calculation is as follows:
dm Da-2e or Dm Di +2e (3)
And according to Dm and e, obtaining contour line coordinates under different angles through the following parameter form equation:
Figure FDA0003376208980000021
alpha is a parameter and the angle is 0-360 degrees.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the method further comprises the step of connecting the turbine wheel to the shaft by a profiled connection: in order to satisfy the structural strength of the rotating shaft sleeve, the method for determining the minimum wall thickness S of the rotating shaft sleeve wall in the step S2 includes:
s＝(D-Da)/2＝≥3.5mm (5)
in the formula, D is the outer diameter of the rotating shaft sleeve and can be determined by actual requirements.
4. The method of claim 2 wherein the method further comprises the step of connecting the turbine wheel to the shaft by a profiled connection: the specific method for processing the profile in the step S3 is as follows: and the turbine boss and the rotating shaft sleeve hole are processed by a numerical control lathe, and the feed path is controlled after data is guided into the lathe according to a contour line equation.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114776386A (en) * 2022-04-29 2022-07-22 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) Cone connecting structure of titanium-aluminum turbine and rotating shaft

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103244194A (en) * 2013-04-22 2013-08-14 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) Threaded interference fitting method and threaded interference fitting structure for turbine impeller and rotary shaft
CN103317307A (en) * 2013-06-10 2013-09-25 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) Bi-arc self-locking interference threaded connection method and structure for titanium aluminum turbine and spindle
CN103321685A (en) * 2013-07-12 2013-09-25 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) Through-hole connection method and connection structure of titanium aluminum turbine impeller and rotating shaft
CN103438058A (en) * 2013-08-28 2013-12-11 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) Thread interference locking connection method and connection structure for rotating shaft of titanium aluminum supercharger turbine

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103244194A (en) * 2013-04-22 2013-08-14 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) Threaded interference fitting method and threaded interference fitting structure for turbine impeller and rotary shaft
CN103317307A (en) * 2013-06-10 2013-09-25 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) Bi-arc self-locking interference threaded connection method and structure for titanium aluminum turbine and spindle
CN103321685A (en) * 2013-07-12 2013-09-25 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) Through-hole connection method and connection structure of titanium aluminum turbine impeller and rotating shaft
CN103438058A (en) * 2013-08-28 2013-12-11 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) Thread interference locking connection method and connection structure for rotating shaft of titanium aluminum supercharger turbine

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114776386A (en) * 2022-04-29 2022-07-22 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) Cone connecting structure of titanium-aluminum turbine and rotating shaft
CN114776386B (en) * 2022-04-29 2023-05-19 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) Cone connection structure of titanium aluminum turbine and rotating shaft

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