CN114134911B

CN114134911B - Construction method of self-monitoring type side slope anti-seismic flexible supporting structure

Info

Publication number: CN114134911B
Application number: CN202111323710.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 贾金青; 高幸; 陈湘生; 梅国雄; 包小华; 张丽华
Original assignee: Dalian University of Technology
Current assignee: Dalian University of Technology
Priority date: 2021-11-10
Filing date: 2021-11-10
Publication date: 2022-09-02
Anticipated expiration: 2041-11-10
Also published as: CN114134911A

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction method of a self-monitoring type side slope anti-seismic flexible supporting structure. The side slope anti-seismic flexible supporting structure comprises a flexible concrete supporting frame and an anti-seismic anchor rod. The supporting method comprises the following six steps: 1, repairing a slope; 2, lofting; 3, anchor rod construction; 4, constructing a supporting frame; 5, installing an anchor head, tensioning the anchor rod and locking; 6 switching on the monitoring system. The prestress recovery comprises the following steps: 1, unsealing an anchor head; 2 applying prestress; and 3, sealing the anchor. The construction method of the self-monitoring type slope anti-seismic flexible supporting structure effectively solves the problems that the traditional slope supporting structure is poor in deformation control capability and weak in anti-seismic capability and damage of a supporting system after earthquake cannot be evaluated under the action of earthquake.

Description

Construction method of self-monitoring type slope anti-seismic flexible supporting structure

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of slope reinforcement, and particularly relates to a construction method of a self-monitoring type slope anti-seismic flexible supporting structure, in particular to a slope supporting method and a prestress recovery method.

Background

Landslide induced by earthquake is a common geological disaster in mountainous areas, and compared with general landslide, landslide induced by earthquake has the remarkable characteristics of short time, large scale, strong destructiveness and the like, and in order to prevent landslide induced by earthquake disaster, earthquake-proof protection is often required to be carried out on the side slope.

The common slope support forms at present are retaining walls, slide-resistant piles, miniature piles, anchor rod frames and the like, but the following problems exist: 1. as a retaining wall, an anti-slide pile, a mini-pile and the like are used as passive protective structures, the displacement of a sliding body and a rock-soil body under the action of an earthquake cannot be effectively controlled, and a large potential safety hazard exists; 2. the anchor rod frame has the capability of controlling deformation but does not have the anti-seismic property, under the action of an earthquake, the stress of the anchor rod is increased rapidly, so that the anchor head falls off, the pressure bearing platform is crushed, the anchor rod is broken, and the frame is subjected to conditions of void, brittle fracture and the like; 3. the existing supporting structure can not judge the self damage condition of the structure, particularly after earthquake, the supporting structure has good appearance but serious internal damage and loses the supporting capability, and if the existing supporting structure can not be effectively judged, serious consequences can be caused.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a construction method of a self-monitoring type slope anti-seismic flexible supporting structure, which has advanced anti-seismic concept, excellent anti-seismic performance, self-monitoring and self-checking functions, convenient construction and miniaturized construction equipment.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a supporting method of a self-monitoring type side slope anti-seismic flexible supporting structure comprises the steps that the self-monitoring type side slope anti-seismic flexible supporting structure comprises a side slope anti-seismic flexible supporting structure and a flexible supporting structure intelligent monitoring system; the side slope anti-seismic flexible supporting structure comprises a flexible concrete supporting frame and an anti-seismic anchor rod; the anti-seismic anchor rod comprises an anchor head and a rod body; the anchor head comprises a base plate, a through pressure sensor, a tangential anti-seismic device, an axial anti-seismic device, a prestress applying device, an anchorage device, a rigid sliding wall, a laminated rubber pad and a cover plate; the anchorage device comprises an annular inner anchorage device, an annular outer anchorage device, a self-aligning roller bearing a and a self-aligning roller bearing b; the tangential antidetonation device includes rigid base and rigid spherical cap body, establishes spherical cap body recess in the rigid base, the spherical cap body is arranged in the spherical cap body recess to the rigid spherical cap body, the spherical cap body diameter of rigid base recess is greater than rigid spherical cap body diameter (the spherical cap body diameter of recess is the complete spheroidal diameter in spherical cap body place), rigid base and rigid spherical cap body all evenly distributed have the circular through hole of several, supply the stock to pass, the number of circular through hole, the distribution should be according to the radical of the stock body of rod, the distribution is confirmed, the diameter of circular through hole is greater than the stock body of rod diameter, the mechanism of action of tangential antidetonation device: when earthquake load acts on a supporting system tangentially, the tangential anti-seismic device of the anti-seismic anchor rod is started, the stability of the anchor rod is kept through the swinging of the tangential anti-seismic device, and the diameter of the circular through hole is larger than that of the anchor rod body so as to reserve a space for relative movement of the anchor rod body and the tangential anti-seismic device under the action of an earthquake; axial antidetonation device includes several slip sleeve and several spring an, spring an be located inside the slip sleeve and with slip sleeve sliding connection, several slip sleeve and several spring an annular distribution in rigid spherical crown body upper surface, the lower extreme of slip sleeve and spring an all with rigid spherical crown body upper surface fixed connection, slip sleeve and spring an's upper end all with annular outer anchor fixed connection, axial antidetonation device's mechanism of action: under the action of an earthquake, the axial load of the anchor rod is suddenly increased, and an axial anti-seismic device is compressed by an overlarge load, so that the release of partial stress is realized, the sudden increase of the stress of the anchor rod is avoided, and the damage to the rod body or the anchoring failure is prevented; the prestress applying device comprises a sliding sleeve, a spring b, an integrated cladding thrust bearing and a bolt, wherein the sliding sleeve comprises an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, the inner cylinder is in sliding connection with the outer cylinder, threads are arranged in the inner cylinder, the bolt penetrates through the inner cylinder and is in threaded connection with the inner cylinder, the bolt is provided with a bottom expanding base, the bottom expanding base is in sliding connection with the outer cylinder, the bolt expanding base can enhance effective connection with the integrated cladding thrust bearing on one hand and prevent the bottom of the bolt from falling off the inner cylinder on the other hand, the upper surface of the integrated cladding thrust bearing is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the bottom expanding base, the lower surface of the integrated cladding thrust bearing is fixedly connected with the upper end of the spring b, the integrated cladding thrust bearing is positioned in the outer cylinder and is in sliding connection with the outer cylinder, the spring b is positioned in the outer cylinder and is in sliding connection with the outer cylinder, and the lower ends of the spring b and the outer cylinder are both fixed at the central part of the upper surface of the rigid spherical cap body, the action mechanism of the prestress applying device is as follows: the bolt rotates downwards, the inner cylinder moves upwards relative to the original position while the bolt moves downwards, so that the lifting anchor moves upwards, the anchor rod body is tensioned, and prestress is applied; the outer edge of the inner cylinder is fixedly connected with the inner edge of the self-aligning roller bearing a, the outer edge of the self-aligning roller bearing a is fixedly connected with the inner edge of the annular inner anchor, the outer edge of the annular inner anchor is fixedly connected with the inner edge of the self-aligning roller bearing b, the outer edge of the self-aligning roller bearing b is fixedly connected with the inner edge of the annular outer anchor, a plurality of circular through holes are uniformly arranged in the annular inner anchor in the annular direction, the number, the diameter and the distribution of the circular through holes are determined according to the number, the diameter and the distribution of anchor rod bodies, and the circular through holes are provided with anchor rod body clamping pieces matched with the circular through holes; the annular outer anchorage device is not provided with circular through holes; a laminated rubber pad is arranged between the rigid sliding wall and the base plate, a cover plate is arranged at the top of the rigid sliding wall, protective housings are arranged on the outer sides of the rigid sliding wall and the cover plate, and the laminated rubber pad is arranged to realize tangential shock resistance of the anchor head and has the functions of energy absorption and vibration isolation; the flexible concrete supporting frame is formed by pouring graphite steel fiber foam concrete, graphite powder and steel fibers are uniformly distributed in the graphite steel fiber foam concrete, copper mesh electrodes and spiral leads are embedded in the graphite steel fiber foam concrete, the copper mesh electrodes are arranged at two ends of a single span of the flexible concrete supporting frame, and the spiral leads are connected between the copper mesh electrodes in the single span; the intelligent monitoring system of the flexible supporting structure comprises a solar power generation panel, a storage battery, a data acquisition instrument, a wireless signal transmitter, a wireless signal receiver and a computer terminal; the spiral lead connected with the copper mesh electrode is connected with the data acquisition instrument, and the straight-through pressure sensor is connected with the data acquisition instrument; the working principle of the intelligent monitoring system for the flexible supporting structure mainly comes from the material conductive property of graphite steel fiber foam concrete, when the flexible concrete supporting frame is intact, all graphite powder and steel fibers in the intact section are contacted with each other to form a passage, and the resistance value is relatively small; when the flexible concrete supporting frame deforms or cracks, the effective area of the cross section of the frame is reduced, partial graphite powder cannot be contacted with each other, and the circuit forms a passage through partial graphite powder and steel fibers, so that the resistance value is relatively large; when the flexible concrete supporting frame is broken, an open circuit is formed between the two copper mesh electrodes in the single span, the circuit between the two copper mesh electrodes is interrupted or connected through other circuits, and the resistance value is very large. Therefore, the deformation and damage conditions of the flexible concrete supporting frame can be judged according to the resistance value change; meanwhile, the prestress condition of the anchor rod is monitored according to the feed-through pressure sensor, so that whether the anchor rod has prestress loss or not and whether a supporting system is safe or not are judged.

The supporting method of the self-monitoring type slope anti-seismic flexible supporting structure comprises the following construction steps:

the method comprises the following steps: trimming a slope surface;

step two: construction lofting;

step three: drilling a hole in the anti-seismic anchor rod, placing a rod body, grouting and maintaining;

step four: construction of a flexible concrete supporting frame: binding reinforcing steel bars, arranging copper mesh electrodes and spiral leads, pouring graphite steel fiber foam concrete and maintaining;

step five: installing an anchor head, and tensioning and locking an anti-seismic anchor rod;

step six: and connecting the intelligent monitoring system of the flexible supporting structure.

The solar power generation panel is connected with the storage battery, the storage battery is connected with the data acquisition instrument, the data acquisition instrument is connected with the wireless signal transmitter, and the wireless signal receiver is connected with the computer terminal.

The feed-through pressure sensor is arranged between the backing plate and the rigid base.

The rigid sliding wall is connected with the rigid base in a sliding mode.

The lower ends of the sliding sleeve and the spring a are fixedly connected with the outer part of the upper surface of the rigid spherical crown body.

The spiral lead connected with the copper mesh electrode is connected with a data acquisition instrument, the copper mesh electrode and the spiral lead can be arranged on each span of the flexible concrete supporting frame, and the spiral leads connected with the copper mesh electrode on each span are all connected with the data acquisition instrument to implement the overall monitoring of the supporting structure; or a copper mesh electrode and a spiral lead are arranged in a single span of a supporting frame of a representative local monitoring area, and the spiral lead connected with the copper mesh electrode in the monitoring area is connected to a data acquisition instrument. The anchor heads 5 can be all provided with the through pressure sensors and connected into the data acquisition instrument, or the anchor heads of the anchor rods on the representative side slope section can be selected to be provided with the through pressure sensors and connected into the data acquisition instrument, so that the monitoring of special monitoring points is implemented.

And in the fourth step, carrying out antirust insulation treatment on the reinforcing steel bars of the flexible concrete supporting frame, and carrying out waterproof treatment on the outer part of the flexible concrete supporting frame. Prevent that the infiltration from causing concrete internal circuit short circuit.

The self-aligning roller bearing a and the self-aligning roller bearing b are high-strength center roller bearings capable of bearing axial loads.

And step five, synchronously tensioning and locking a plurality of rod bodies of the same anti-seismic anchor rod in a grading manner.

The anchor rod body is a prestressed twisted steel or a steel strand.

In the fifth step, when the anchor head is installed, the bolt in the prestress applying device is rotated to the topmost part.

Protective shells are arranged on the outer sides of the rigid sliding wall and the cover plate; and fifthly, mounting a protective shell after prestress tensioning and locking and sealing the anchor head. Meanwhile, mortar or resin can be used for secondary anchor sealing protection, but subsequent unsealing is not hindered.

The prestress recovery method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: unsealing an anchor head: detaching the cover plate;

step two: applying prestress: by rotating the bolt downward;

step three: and (7) sealing the anchor.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1, the earthquake-proof concept is advanced. The method breaks through the traditional rigid supporting technology, provides a flexible supporting method, utilizes the characteristics of small elastic modulus, light weight and large deformation of foam concrete to realize energy consumption and energy release of a supporting system under the action of an earthquake, and the supporting system not only can exert the self seismic strength of the rock-soil body, but also can release proper energy through the deformation of a supporting structure, thereby achieving better protection effect than the rigid supporting structure. The lower anchor bearing platform is made of low-elasticity-modulus foam concrete, so that the anchoring failure of a supporting system caused by the fact that the lower anchor bearing platform is crushed under the action of an earthquake can be effectively avoided.

2 the stock is good in anti-seismic performance. The anti-seismic device of the anchor rod is a mechanical anti-seismic device and has axial and tangential bidirectional anti-seismic effects. Under the action of earthquake, the axial earthquake resistance can be realized by the extrusion deformation of the spring of the axial earthquake-resistant device, and the tangential stress release can also be realized by the swinging motion of the tangential earthquake-resistant device and the vibration isolation and energy dissipation of the laminated rubber support.

3, restoring the prestress without damage. The coupled creep effect of stock and ground, the effect of circulating and drawing under the earthquake load all can cause prestressing force loss, and the setting of stress application device can realize the nondestructive restoration of prestressing force, does not influence stock anti-seismic performance simultaneously.

4 has self-monitoring and self-checking functions. Based on the special conductive performance of the graphite steel fiber foam concrete material used by the flexible supporting system, the invention provides a supporting structure damage monitoring and detecting system, which realizes intelligent monitoring of a supporting system before earthquake and intelligent detection of a supporting system after earthquake through the change of the resistance value of the supporting structure, can be used for monitoring and early warning of side slopes and damage assessment of the supporting system after disasters, and can also judge whether the anchor rod has prestress loss and whether the supporting system is safe by monitoring the prestress condition of the anchor rod according to a feed-through pressure sensor.

5, the construction is simple, the equipment is miniaturized, and the construction site is not limited. The method has no special requirements on construction sites and construction spaces, can be suitable for slopes under any complex conditions, and has the advantages of conventional construction machines and small construction equipment.

6. The displacement is effectively controlled. The support method of the invention applies prestress to the system anti-seismic anchor rod, forms a strong compressive stress field on the slope gliding mass, effectively controls the further development of the plastic zone, and can well control the displacement of the gliding mass and the rock and soil mass under the action of earthquake.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a slope support structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the slope support structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a graphite steel fiber foam concrete supporting frame in a normal state;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a crack state of a graphite steel fiber foam concrete supporting frame;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the anchor head construction;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 5A-A;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 5B-B;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the anti-seismic anchor head under the action of an earthquake;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the anchor head prestressing application process;

fig. 10 is a schematic connection diagram of the intelligent monitoring system device for the flexible supporting structure.

Wherein, 1, a side slope anti-seismic flexible supporting structure; 2. an intelligent monitoring system of a flexible supporting structure; 21. a solar power panel; 22. a battery; 23. a data acquisition instrument; 24. a wireless signal transmitter; 25. a wireless signal receiver; 26. a computer terminal; 3. a flexible concrete supporting frame; 31. graphite powder; 32. steel fibers; 33. a copper mesh electrode; 34. a helical wire; 4. an anti-seismic anchor rod; 5. an anchor head; 51. a backing plate; 52. a feed-through pressure sensor; 53. a tangential anti-seismic device; 531. a rigid base; 532. a rigid spherical crown body; 54. an axial anti-vibration device; 541. a sliding sleeve; 542. a spring a; 55. a prestress applying device; 551. a sliding sleeve; 552. a spring b; 553. an integral canned thrust bearing; 554. a bolt; 5511. an inner barrel; 5512. an outer cylinder; 56. an anchorage device; 561. an annular internal anchor; 562. an annular outer anchor; 563. a self-aligning roller bearing a; 564. a self-aligning roller bearing b; 57. a rigid gliding wall; 58. laminating a rubber pad; 59. a cover plate; 50. a protective shell; 6. a rod body.

Detailed Description

It will be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "longitudinal," "transverse," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in an orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be construed as limiting the invention.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1-10, a supporting method of a self-monitoring type slope anti-seismic flexible supporting structure comprises a slope anti-seismic flexible supporting structure 1 and a flexible supporting structure intelligent monitoring system 2; the slope anti-seismic flexible supporting structure 1 comprises a flexible concrete supporting frame 3 and an anti-seismic anchor rod 4; the anti-seismic anchor rod 4 comprises an anchor head 5 and a rod body 6; the anchor head 5 comprises a backing plate 51, a through-center pressure sensor 52, a tangential anti-vibration device 53, an axial anti-vibration device 54, a prestress applying device 55, an anchor 56, a rigid sliding wall 57, a laminated rubber pad 58, a cover plate 59 and a protective shell 50. The anchorage 56 comprises an annular inner anchorage 561, an annular outer anchorage 562, a self-aligning roller bearing a563 and a self-aligning roller bearing b 564. The tangential anti-seismic device 53 includes a rigid base 531 and a rigid spherical cap 532. A spherical cap body groove is formed in the rigid base 531, the diameter of a spherical cap body of the groove of the rigid base 531 is larger than that of a rigid spherical cap body 532 (the diameter of the spherical cap body of the groove is the diameter of a complete sphere where the spherical cap body is located), 4 circular through holes are uniformly distributed in the rigid base 531 and the rigid spherical cap body 532, the distribution of the circular through holes is determined according to the distribution of the anchor rod body 6, and the diameter of the circular through holes is larger than that of the anchor rod body 6. When the earthquake load acts on the supporting system tangentially, the tangential anti-seismic device 53 of the anti-seismic anchor rod 4 is started, the stability of the anchor rod is kept through the swinging of the tangential anti-seismic device 53, and the diameter of the circular through hole is larger than that of the anchor rod body 6 so as to leave a space for relative movement of the anchor rod body 6 and the tangential anti-seismic device 53 under the earthquake action. The axial anti-seismic device 54 comprises 4 sliding sleeves 541 and 4 springs a542, the springs a542 are positioned inside the sliding sleeves 541 and are in sliding connection with the sliding sleeves 541, the 4 sliding sleeves 541 and the 4 springs a542 are annularly distributed on the upper surface of the rigid spherical crown body 532, the lower ends of the sliding sleeves 541 and the springs a542 are fixedly connected with the outer part of the upper surface of the rigid spherical crown body 532, the upper ends of the sliding sleeves 541 and the springs a542 are fixedly connected with an annular outer anchor 562, under the action of an earthquake, the load along the axial direction of the anchor rod is suddenly increased, the axial anti-seismic device 54 is compressed by an overlarge load, the release of partial stress is realized, the stress of the anchor rod is prevented from being suddenly increased, and the damage or the anchoring failure of the rod body 6 is prevented; the prestress applying device 55 comprises a sliding sleeve 551, a spring b552, an integrated cladding thrust bearing 553 and a bolt 554, wherein the sliding sleeve 551 comprises an inner cylinder 5511 and an outer cylinder 5512, the inner cylinder 5511 is in sliding connection with the outer cylinder 5512, threads are arranged inside the inner cylinder 5511, the bolt 554 penetrates through the inner cylinder 5511 and is in threaded connection with the inner cylinder 5511, the bolt 554 is provided with a bottom expanding base, the bottom expanding base is in sliding connection with the outer cylinder 5512, and the arrangement of the bolt expanding base can enhance the effective connection with the integrated cladding thrust bearing 553 on one hand and prevent the bottom of the bolt 554 from falling out of the inner cylinder 5511 on the other hand. The upper surface of the integrated cladding thrust bearing 553 is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the pedestal, the lower surface of the integrated cladding thrust bearing 553 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the spring b552, the integrated cladding thrust bearing 553 is positioned inside the outer cylinder 5512 and is slidably connected with the outer cylinder 5512, the spring b552 is positioned inside the outer cylinder 5512 and is slidably connected with the outer cylinder 5512, the bottom end of the spring b552 and the lower end of the outer cylinder 5512 are both fixed at the central part of the upper surface of the rigid spherical crown body 532, and the action mechanism of the prestress applying device 55 is as follows: the bolt 554 rotates downwards, the inner cylinder 5511 moves upwards relative to the original position while the bolt 554 moves downwards, the lifting anchorage device 56 moves upwards, the anchor rod body 6 is tensioned, and prestress is applied. The outer edge of the inner cylinder 5511 is fixedly connected with the inner edge of a self-aligning roller bearing a563, the outer edge of the self-aligning roller bearing a563 is fixedly connected with the inner edge of an annular inner anchorage device 561, the outer edge of the annular inner anchorage device 561 is fixedly connected with the inner edge of a self-aligning roller bearing b564, the outer edge of the self-aligning roller bearing b564 is fixedly connected with the inner edge of an annular outer anchorage device 562, 4 circular through holes are uniformly arranged in the annular inner anchorage device 561 in the annular direction, and the diameter and distribution of the circular through holes are determined according to the diameter and distribution of the anchor rod body 6; the circular through hole is provided with a matched anchor rod body 6 clamping piece; the annular outer anchors 562 do not have circular through holes. A laminated rubber pad 58 is arranged between the rigid slide wall 57 and the pad plate 51, a cover plate 59 is arranged on the top of the rigid slide wall 57, and a protective shell 50 is arranged on the outer sides of the rigid slide wall 57 and the cover plate 59. The laminated rubber pad 58 is arranged to realize tangential shock resistance of the anchor head 5 and has the functions of energy absorption and vibration isolation. The flexible concrete supporting frame 3 is formed by pouring graphite steel fiber foam concrete, graphite powder 31 and steel fibers 32 are uniformly distributed in the graphite steel fiber foam concrete, copper mesh electrodes 33 and spiral leads 34 are embedded in the graphite steel fiber foam concrete, the copper mesh electrodes 33 are arranged at two ends of a single span of the flexible concrete supporting frame 3, and the spiral leads 34 are connected between the copper mesh electrodes 33 in the single span; the intelligent monitoring system 2 for the flexible supporting structure comprises a solar power generation panel 21, a storage battery 22, a data acquisition instrument 23, a wireless signal transmitter 24, a wireless signal receiver 25 and a computer terminal 26; the spiral lead 34 connected with the copper mesh electrode 33 is connected to the data acquisition instrument 23, and the straight-through pressure sensor 52 is connected to the data acquisition instrument; the working principle of the intelligent monitoring system 2 for the flexible supporting structure mainly comes from the material conductive property of graphite steel fiber foam concrete, when the flexible concrete supporting frame 3 is intact, all graphite powder 31 and steel fibers 32 in the intact section are contacted with each other to form a passage, and the resistance value is relatively small; when the flexible concrete supporting frame 3 deforms or cracks, the effective area of the cross section of the frame is reduced, part of the graphite powder 31 cannot be contacted with each other, a circuit forms a passage through part of the graphite powder 31 and the steel fibers 32, and the resistance value of the circuit is relatively large; when the flexible concrete supporting frame 3 is broken, an open circuit is formed between the two copper mesh electrodes 33 in the single span, the circuit between the two copper mesh electrodes 33 is interrupted or connected through other circuits, and the resistance value is very large. Therefore, the deformation and damage conditions of the flexible concrete supporting frame 3 can be judged according to the resistance value change; meanwhile, the prestress condition of the anchor rod is monitored according to the feed-through pressure sensor 52, so that whether the anchor rod has prestress loss or not and whether a supporting system is safe or not are judged.

The feed-through pressure sensors 52 are uniformly disposed between the backing plate 51 and the rigid base 531.

The rigid slide wall 57 is slidably connected to a rigid base 531.

the method comprises the following steps: trimming a slope surface;

step two: construction lofting;

step three: drilling a hole in the anti-seismic anchor rod, placing the rod body 6, grouting and maintaining;

step four: constructing a flexible concrete supporting frame 3: binding steel bars, arranging a copper mesh electrode 33 and a spiral lead 34, pouring graphite steel fiber foam concrete and maintaining;

step five: installing an anchor head 5 and tensioning and locking an anti-seismic anchor rod 4;

step six: and (5) connecting the intelligent monitoring system 2 of the flexible supporting structure.

The solar power generation panel 21 is connected with a storage battery 22, the storage battery 22 is connected with a data acquisition instrument 23, the data acquisition instrument 23 is connected with a wireless signal transmitter 24, and a wireless signal receiver 25 is connected with a computer terminal 26.

The spiral lead 34 connected with the copper mesh electrode 33 is connected to a data acquisition instrument, the copper mesh electrode 33 and the spiral lead 34 can be arranged on each span of the flexible concrete supporting frame 3, and the spiral leads 34 connected with the copper mesh electrode 33 on each span are all connected to the data acquisition instrument 23 to implement global monitoring of the supporting structure; or a copper mesh electrode 33 and a spiral lead 34 are arranged in a single span of a supporting framework of a representative local monitoring area, and the spiral lead 34 connected with the copper mesh electrode 33 in the monitoring area is connected to the data acquisition instrument 23. The anchor heads 5 can be all provided with the through pressure sensors 52 and connected into the data acquisition instrument 23, or the anchor heads 5 of the anchor rods on the representative side slope section can be selected to be provided with the through pressure sensors 52 and connected into the data acquisition instrument 23, so that the monitoring of special monitoring points is implemented.

In the fourth step, the steel bars of the flexible concrete supporting frame 3 are subjected to rust-proof insulation treatment, and the exterior of the flexible concrete supporting frame 3 is subjected to waterproof treatment. Prevent that the short circuit of concrete internal circuit from causing in the infiltration.

The self-aligning roller bearing a563 and the self-aligning roller bearing b564 are high-strength center roller bearings capable of bearing axial loads.

And step five, synchronously tensioning and locking a plurality of rod bodies 6 of the same anti-seismic anchor rod 4 in a grading manner.

The number of the rod bodies 6 is 4, and the anchor rod body 6 is a prestressed twisted steel or a steel strand.

In the fifth step, when the anchor head 5 is installed, the bolt 554 of the prestressing device 55 should be rotated to the top.

And in the fifth step, after the prestress tensioning and locking, installing a protective shell 50 and sealing the anchor head 5. Meanwhile, mortar or resin can be used for secondary anchor sealing protection, but subsequent unsealing is not hindered.

The prestress recovery method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: unsealing an anchor head 5: removing the protective case 50 and the cover 59;

step two: applying prestress: by rotating bolt 554 downward;

step three: and (7) sealing the anchor.

The invention effectively solves the problems that the traditional side slope supporting structure has poor deformation control capability and weak shock resistance, and the damage of a post-earthquake supporting system cannot be evaluated under the action of an earthquake, and provides the foam concrete side slope anti-seismic flexible supporting method which has advanced anti-seismic concept, excellent anti-seismic performance, self-monitoring and self-checking functions, convenient construction and miniaturized construction equipment.

Claims

1. A supporting method of a self-monitoring type slope anti-seismic flexible supporting structure is characterized in that: the self-monitoring type side slope anti-seismic flexible supporting structure comprises a side slope anti-seismic flexible supporting structure (1) and an intelligent monitoring system (2) of the flexible supporting structure; the side slope anti-seismic flexible supporting structure (1) comprises a flexible concrete supporting frame (3) and an anti-seismic anchor rod (4); the anti-seismic anchor rod (4) comprises an anchor head (5) and a rod body (6); the anchor head (5) comprises a backing plate (51), a through pressure sensor (52), a tangential anti-seismic device (53), an axial anti-seismic device (54), a prestress applying device (55), an anchor (56), a rigid sliding wall (57), a laminated rubber pad (58) and a cover plate (59); the anchorage device (56) comprises an annular inner anchorage device (561), an annular outer anchorage device (562), a self-aligning roller bearing a (563) and a self-aligning roller bearing b (564); the tangential anti-seismic device (53) comprises a rigid base (531) and a rigid spherical crown body (532), a spherical crown body groove is formed in the rigid base (531), the diameter of the spherical crown body of the rigid base (531) groove is larger than that of the rigid spherical crown body (532), a plurality of circular through holes are uniformly distributed in the rigid base (531) and the rigid spherical crown body (532), and the diameter of each circular through hole is larger than that of the anchor rod body (6); the axial anti-vibration device (54) comprises a plurality of sliding sleeves (541) and a plurality of springs a (542), the springs a (542) are positioned inside the sliding sleeves (541) and are in sliding connection with the sliding sleeves (541), the plurality of sliding sleeves (541) and the plurality of springs a (542) are annularly distributed on the upper surface of the rigid spherical crown body (532), the lower ends of the sliding sleeves (541) and the springs a (542) are fixedly connected with the upper surface of the rigid spherical crown body (532), and the upper ends of the sliding sleeves (541) and the springs a (542) are fixedly connected with the annular outer anchorage device (562); the prestress applying device (55) comprises a sliding sleeve (551), a spring b (552), an integrated cladding thrust bearing (553) and a bolt (554); the sliding sleeve (551) comprises an inner cylinder (5511) and an outer cylinder (5512), the inner cylinder (5511) is in sliding connection with the outer cylinder (5512), threads are arranged inside the inner cylinder (5511), a bolt (554) penetrates through the inner cylinder (5511) and is in threaded connection with the inner cylinder (5511), a bottom expanding base is arranged on the bolt (554), the bottom expanding base is in sliding connection with the outer cylinder (5512), the upper surface of an integrated cladding thrust bearing (553) is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the bottom expanding base, the lower surface of the integrated cladding thrust bearing (553) is fixedly connected with the upper end of a spring b (552), the integrated cladding thrust bearing (553) is located inside the outer cylinder (5512) and is in sliding connection with the outer cylinder (5512), the spring b (552) is located inside the outer cylinder (5512) and is in sliding connection with the outer cylinder (5512), and the lower ends of the spring b (552) and the outer cylinder (5512) are fixed at the center of the upper surface of the rigid spherical crown body (532); the outer edge of the inner cylinder (5511) is fixedly connected with the inner edge of a self-aligning roller bearing a (563), the outer edge of the self-aligning roller bearing a (563) is fixedly connected with the inner edge of an annular inner anchorage device (561), the outer edge of the annular inner anchorage device (561) is fixedly connected with the inner edge of a self-aligning roller bearing b (564), the outer edge of the self-aligning roller bearing b (564) is fixedly connected with the inner edge of an annular outer anchorage device (562), a plurality of circular through holes are uniformly arranged in the annular inner anchorage device (561) in the circumferential direction, and the circular through holes are provided with anchor rod body (6) clamping pieces which are matched with each other for use; a laminated rubber pad (58) is arranged between the rigid sliding wall (57) and the backing plate (51), and a cover plate (59) is arranged at the top of the rigid sliding wall (57); the flexible concrete supporting frame (3) is formed by pouring graphite steel fiber foam concrete, graphite powder (31) and steel fibers (32) are uniformly distributed in the graphite steel fiber foam concrete, copper mesh electrodes (33) and spiral leads (34) are embedded in the graphite steel fiber foam concrete, the copper mesh electrodes (33) are arranged at two ends of a single span of the flexible concrete supporting frame (3), and the spiral leads (34) are connected between the copper mesh electrodes (33) in the single span; the intelligent monitoring system (2) for the flexible supporting structure comprises a solar power generation panel (21), a storage battery (22), a data acquisition instrument (23), a wireless signal transmitter (24), a wireless signal receiver (25) and a computer terminal (26); a spiral lead (34) connected with the copper mesh electrode (33) is connected to a data acquisition instrument (23), and a straight-through pressure sensor (52) is connected to the data acquisition instrument;

the method comprises the following steps: trimming a slope surface;

step two: construction lofting;

step three: drilling a hole in the anti-seismic anchor rod, placing a rod body (6), grouting and maintaining;

step four: constructing a flexible concrete supporting frame (3): binding steel bars, arranging a copper mesh electrode (33) and a spiral lead (34), pouring graphite steel fiber foam concrete and maintaining;

step five: installing an anchor head (5) and tensioning and locking an anti-seismic anchor rod (4);

step six: and connecting the flexible supporting structure intelligent monitoring system (2).

2. A supporting method of a self-monitoring type slope anti-seismic flexible supporting structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the solar power generation panel (21) is connected with the storage battery (22), the storage battery (22) is connected with the data acquisition instrument (23), the data acquisition instrument (23) is connected with the wireless signal transmitter (24), and the wireless signal receiver (25) is connected with the computer terminal (26).

3. A supporting method of a self-monitoring type slope anti-seismic flexible supporting structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the self-aligning roller bearing a (563) and the self-aligning roller bearing b (564) are high-strength central roller bearings capable of bearing axial loads.

4. A supporting method of a self-monitoring type slope anti-seismic flexible supporting structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: and step five, synchronously and hierarchically tensioning and locking a plurality of rod bodies (6) of the same anti-seismic anchor rod (4).

5. A supporting method of a self-monitoring type slope anti-seismic flexible supporting structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: in the fifth step, when the anchor head (5) is installed, the bolt (554) in the prestress applying device (55) is rotated to the top.

6. A supporting method of a self-monitoring type slope anti-seismic flexible supporting structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: a protective shell (50) is arranged on the outer sides of the rigid sliding wall (57) and the cover plate (59); and fifthly, mounting a protective shell (50) after prestress tensioning and locking and sealing the anchor head (5).

7. The method for restoring the prestress of the self-monitoring slope anti-seismic flexible supporting structure according to the method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the prestress recovery method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: unsealing the anchor head (5): removing the cover plate (59);

step two: applying prestress: by rotating the bolt (554) downward;

step three: and (7) sealing the anchor.