CN114134897B - Construction method for filling concrete into underwater rock cavity in reservoir area - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction method for filling concrete into an underwater rock cavity in a reservoir area, which comprises the following steps: s1, construction measurement paying-off is formed by seven technological processes of a wire guide method, construction measurement preparation, construction measurement control, elevation control, measurement management measures, pile burying and protection and measurement quality control; s2, carrying out a mould bag cofferdam project after the step S1 is finished, wherein the mould bag cofferdam project is formed by four processes including a standard process, a construction flow, a construction mode and a mould bag concrete construction measure; and S5, performing scaffold engineering construction after the step S4 is finished, thereby completing the operation of filling concrete into the underwater rock cavities in the reservoir area. According to the construction method for filling the underwater rock cavity in the reservoir area with the concrete, the underwater rock cavity filling engineering is constructed according to the construction standard after the underwater rock cavity filling engineering is formed, and finally the scaffold engineering is constructed according to the engineering standard, so that the construction process for filling the underwater rock cavity in the reservoir area with the concrete is completed.

Description

Construction method for filling concrete into underwater rock cavity in reservoir area

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of underwater rock cavity filling concrete, in particular to a construction method for underwater rock cavity filling concrete in a reservoir area.

Background

The underwater rock cavity filling concrete in reservoir area is also underwater pouring concrete, and is a method of pouring concrete through upright pipes and by means of the dead weight of the concrete. The method is suitable for underwater or underground engineering such as pouring cofferdam, caisson foundation, open caisson foundation, underground diaphragm wall, pile foundation and the like. The concrete slowly flows out from the bottom end of the pipe, expands and distributes around, and is not easily disturbed by surrounding water flow, so that the quality is ensured;

the prior art scheme has the following problems when in use;

1. the existing construction difficulty of the underwater rock cavity filling concrete is high, and various construction parameters are not clear and detailed in the whole process operation process, so that the existing construction technology is required to be technically upgraded to standardize the existing construction technology, and the safety coefficient of the underwater rock cavity filling concrete construction is improved;

there is a need for improvement in view of the above-mentioned problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a construction method for filling concrete into an underwater rock cavity in a reservoir area, which aims to solve the problems that the construction difficulty of the existing underwater rock cavity filling concrete proposed by the background technology is high, and each construction parameter is not clear and careful enough in the whole process operation process, so that the existing construction technology is required to be technically upgraded to standardize the existing construction technology and improve the safety coefficient of the underwater rock cavity filling concrete construction.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a construction method for filling concrete into an underwater rock cavity in a reservoir area comprises the following steps:

s1, construction measurement paying-off is formed by seven technological processes of a wire guide method, construction measurement preparation, construction measurement control, elevation control, measurement management measures, pile burying and protection and measurement quality control;

s2, carrying out a mould bag cofferdam project after the step S1 is finished, wherein the mould bag cofferdam project is formed by four processes including a standard process, a construction flow, a construction mode and a mould bag concrete construction measure, the standard process is that mould bag concrete with the thickness of 3m and the height of 10m is put in a stacking way at the outer side of a rock cavity, and the mould bag concrete and the corner above the rock cavity are orderly sealed by placing the mould bag concrete in a stacking way; paving a layer of geogrid mesh with the length of 32m and the width of 6m at intervals of 2m in the mould bag concrete, 4 layers in total, rolling up the grids in the rock cavity before pouring filling concrete, and when filling is flush with the grids, unrolling the grids, pouring the next layer of concrete, and sequentially circulating; and a construction gap is reserved at the eastern side of the rock cavity, C20 concrete is poured in the rock cavity from inside to outside, and foundation excavation and Gao Chengtan points are needed to be prepared in the construction process: 2-3 weeks before the construction of the mould bag concrete, carrying out foundation treatment according to the requirement of a mould bag foundation on a construction drawing, measuring the on-site actual foundation bed elevation detection point according to the required density of supervision, design and the like, and determining the mould bag cloth length of the relative position; processing of mould bag cloth: 1-2 weeks before the construction of the mould bag concrete, entrusting manufacturers to carry out production and sewing according to the specification of mould bag cloth on a construction drawing and the corresponding length determined by a supervision and design site; the mould bag adopts a rectangular mould bag without a filtering point, the average thickness of filled concrete is 400mm, the strength of the concrete is C20, the mould bag is made of terylene and polypropylene, and the mass per unit area is 550g/m < 2 >; radial breaking strength 44kN/M; CBR burst strength 6.6kN; vertical permeability coefficient K20:5.26 x 10-2; equivalent aperture 095:0.15mm. The filling pressure of the mould bags is preferably 0.2-0.3 MPa; and (3) construction site arrangement: according to the characteristics of the engineering construction site, the scheme considers that a set of mould bag concrete construction equipment is arranged; mechanical equipment and construction raw material are in place: adopting concentrated stirring concrete, transporting a concrete tank truck and a pump truck by utilizing a ferry, directly conveying the concrete to a designated position by using a concrete pump truck after reaching a construction site, extracting a sample at a conveying pipe orifice when a mould bag concrete construction measure is adopted to make a concrete test block, filling the concrete test block into a cloth bag which is made of the same material as the mould bag, filtering water for 5-10 minutes, and then manufacturing the test block, wherein the concrete test block made in this way is basically similar to the concrete condition in the mould bag, making self-checking records during construction, finishing construction data, and recording construction diaries, such as contradiction between quality requirements and construction progress, and all compliance quality requirements;

S3, implementing underwater rock cavity filling engineering after the step S2 is finished, wherein the underwater rock cavity filling engineering is sequentially formed by five groups of processes including overview, construction preparation, underwater construction method, on-site stirring concrete quality measurement, construction record inspection and concrete on-site stirring construction record; the underwater construction method is prepared, materials and main machines:

and A, cement: the variety, the label, the manufacturer and the brand of the cement meet the requirements of a concrete mix proportion notice, and the cement is subjected to delivery qualification and approach test report;

b sand: the grain diameter and the production place of the sand accord with the requirement of a concrete mixing proportion notice, and the sand contains mud: the mud content is less than or equal to 3 percent; sand should have a test report;

c stone (crushed stone or pebble): the particle size, grading and producing area of the stones meet the requirements of concrete mix proportion notification bill;

needle and flake particle content of cobble: 15% or less; the mud content of the stone (total dust, sludge and clay content less than 0.8 mm): less than or equal to 1 percent;

the loam content of stones (puree greater than 5 mm): the stone should be less than or equal to 0.5 percent and should be a test report;

d water: drinking water is preferably used. Other water, the water quality of which must meet the specification of the concrete mixing water standard (JGJ 63);

E main machine tool: the concrete mixer adopts a forced mixer, and the metering equipment adopts a platform scale or electronic metering equipment. The water metering can be realized by a flowmeter, a flowmeter controlled by a time relay or a water tank water level pipe mark meter. The loading equipment comprises a double-wheel trolley, a forklift, a loader, a sand and stone conveying hopper and the like, and other matched equipment. On-site test instruments such as slump test equipment, test molds;

s4, implementing a water rock cavity filling project after the step S3 is finished, wherein the water rock cavity filling project is sequentially formed by three groups of processes of template support mounting, template mounting and concrete pouring and tamping;

s5, scaffold engineering construction is carried out after the step S4 is finished, so that the operation of filling concrete into the underwater rock cavity of the reservoir area is completed, and the scaffold erection technical requirements in the scaffold engineering construction are as follows:

(1) The deviation of the verticality of the vertical rod is not more than 1/200 of the height of the frame;

(2) Except that the top layer of the upright rod connector can be lapped, the other connectors must be butt-jointed fasteners, and the butt joint meets the following requirements: the butt-joint fasteners on the vertical rods are in staggered arrangement, and the joints of the two adjacent vertical rods are not synchronous; the distance between the joints of two adjacent vertical rods in the height direction is not smaller than 500mm, the distance between the center of each joint and the main joint is not larger than 1/3 of the step distance, and two joints are not allowed in the same step;

(3) The bottom of the scaffold must be provided with a longitudinal and a transverse sweeping rod. The vertical sweeping rod is fixed on the vertical rod at the position which is not more than 200mm away from the surface of the sizing block by using a right-angle fastener, and the horizontal sweeping rod is fixed on the vertical rod which is right below the vertical sweeping rod by using a right-angle fastener;

(4) The large cross rod is arranged below the small cross rod, and is fastened with the vertical rod by adopting a right-angle fastener at the inner side of the vertical rod, and the length of the large cross rod is not less than 3 spans and is not less than 6m;

(5) The large cross rod butt joint fastener is connected and butt joint meets the following requirements: the butt joints are staggered, and are not arranged in the same synchronous span, and the horizontal distance between the adjacent joints is not less than 500mm. And should avoid being set up in the midspan of the horizontal span of longitudinal direction;

(6) The longitudinal horizontal height difference of the large cross bars around the frame is not more than 500mm, and the horizontal deviation of the large cross bars in the same row is not more than 1/300;

(7) The two ends of the small cross rod are fixed on the vertical rod by adopting right-angle fasteners;

(8) A small cross bar is arranged at each main node (i.e. the junction of the vertical rod and the large cross bar) and fastened on the large cross bar by adopting a right-angle fastener, the distance of the axis of the bar deviating from the main node is not more than 150mm, the overhanging length of one side close to the wall is not more than 250mm, and the overhanging length of the vertical surface of the scaffold is preferably 100 mm;

(9) Every other scaffold layer in the erection process is firmly tied with the structure in time so as to ensure the safety in the erection process, and the fasteners are moderately screwed along with the verticality and the horizontal deviation of the correction rod pieces;

(10) Two ends of the outer vertical surface of the scaffold are respectively provided with a pair of scissors supports, and the scissors supports are continuously arranged from bottom to top; the clear distance of each middle scissors stay should not be larger than 15m;

(11) Except that the top layer of the joint of the scissor brace can be lapped, all the other joints are connected by adopting butt-joint fasteners;

(12) The scissors stay is fixed on the extending end or the vertical rod of the small cross rod intersected with the scissors stay by a rotary fastener, and the distance between the central line of the rotary fastener and the main joint is not more than 150mm;

(13) The fastener opening for butt joint of the large cross rod is towards the inner side of the frame, the bolt is upwards, the opening is prevented from being upwards, so that rainwater is prevented from entering, the strength of the fastener is weakened after rust corrosion, and the right-angle fastener cannot be upwards;

(14) The two cross rods which are crossed outside the scaffold form a cross and form an included angle of 45-60 degrees with the ground, so that the scaffold is connected into a whole, and the whole stability of the scaffold is improved.

Preferably, the wire guiding method is based on engineering measurement measuring method and theodolite measuring method, and the used instruments comprise a total station, a laser theodolite and a laser water level; the construction measurement preparation organization professional measuring staff performs recheck and validation on the measurement control points in cooperation with related units such as a first party, a supervision party and the like, records are well, the drawing is familiar, a reasonable measurement scheme is drawn, elevation measurement and correction are performed according to the construction drawing, paying-off is ensured to be performed without errors, the accuracy of a measuring instrument is checked, and the professional measuring staff is trained and bottomed.

Preferably, the construction measurement control comprises the following procedures:

A. the method comprises the steps of on-site measurement control point handover, handover record filling, measurement control network establishment, engineering measurement control point layout, control point protection, measurement control network refinement, paying-off and monomer measurement;

C. positioning and paying-off work is carried out according to the size in the construction drawing and the control point elevation as positioning basis;

D. checking the elevation among the control points before positioning, confirming the accuracy of each point, carrying out lofting according to the route of the branch wire according to the site situation after no errors, setting out all the control points by adopting a polar coordinate method, placing the instrument on the relevant points, checking the distance and the elevation of the relevant points, determining the position by using the stake after the accuracy of each point reaches the positioning requirement, and burying the fixing stake;

E. during the whole measuring process, the engineering measurement standard is strictly observed, and the precision requirement is as follows: the angle observation precision is + -10', the distance measurement precision is 1/20000, and the elevation measurement precision is 2/10000.

Preferably, the elevation measurement is performed using a leveling measurement; the measurement management measures are divided into:

A. before starting work, measuring personnel are subjected to intersection and training in the aspects of measurement knowledge, measurement standard, use of measuring instruments, design drawings, construction schemes and the like;

B. The measuring staff should carefully understand the drawings, report the found problems in time, and can carry out measurement lofting according to the drawings after obtaining written replies;

C. the engineering measurement adopts a three-level rechecking system, namely, a construction team is first-level measurement, a project part is second-level measurement, and a company is third-level measurement;

the pile burying and protection construction control measurement results are required to be accurately fixed on the ground, so stable and firm pile is required to be set, which is an important work of construction measurement, and the pile of the elevation control point is buried in a rock fixing position; and (3) measuring quality control: the first insists on the whole-first local-high-precision control low-precision working procedure, firstly, the whole plane control network and the elevation control network of the field are tested, then the control network is used as the basis for positioning, paying-off and elevation measurement of each local building, the second is used for checking all measuring instruments used in the project according to the identification period, the third is used for checking all measuring control points before use, the work can be used after no change is confirmed, and the fourth guarantee of original, tidy and standardized recording of the operation data is realized.

Preferably, the construction method is divided into:

Cleaning underwater silt, detecting by divers that the underwater silt with the thickness of 0.6-1.5 m exists, and cleaning the silt-containing part to avoid influencing the laying of the mould bags in order to ensure the laying quality of the mould bag concrete and sinking after filling and molding, wherein the underwater silt is pumped by a sludge pump and then is washed by a high-pressure water gun to ensure the cleaning of the underwater silt; the method for fixing the mould bag scaffold and arranging double rows of scaffolds on the inner side and the outer side of the mould bag comprises the following specific steps:

(1) Two rows of anchor bars are arranged on the inner side and the outer side of the die bag, the diameter of each anchor bar is 25mm, the length of each anchor bar is 1000mm, the distance between the anchor bars is 1200mm, and the anchor bars are anchored into the underwater base rock and are not less than 300mm;

(2) Inserting a steel pipe scaffold into the anchor bars, and connecting the steel pipe scaffold with the horizontal rods to form a double-row scaffold;

(3) The short steel pipes are inserted into the rock cavity concrete pouring every time, and then the rock cavity concrete pouring is connected with the double-row scaffold into a whole through the fasteners and the steel pipes, so that a wall connecting piece is formed, and the stability of the double-row scaffold is ensured;

spreading mould bag cloth and fixing the surface of the mould bag to be checked, wherein the mould bag is completely spread in a rock cavity, the geotechnical film bag units are uniformly spread along the construction direction of the rock cavity of a shore line, shrinkage allowance is reserved, the mould bag cloth is provided with binding ropes every 1200mm, the mould bag cloth is firmly connected with a scaffold through the binding ropes, the mould bag is uniformly distributed after being spread, the mould bag cannot be folded, curled, covered and the like, and the shrinkage allowance is reserved;

The concrete preparation, transportation and filling are specifically as follows:

filling of a mould bag concrete is a key process in the whole construction process, concrete mixing, conveying and filling forming are carried out at a glance, filling speed is mastered, a qualified test department is entrusted in advance to carry out test design on the mixing ratio adopted by the concrete, sand and stone used by the concrete are sent into stirring through a small loader shovel, clinker is transported into a concrete pump truck after coming out of the machine in a ferry way, and finally pumped into a mould bag, and the design requirement on the mixing ratio of the concrete is as follows:

(1) the cement paste is large in quantity, generally accounts for about 23% of the total concrete, (2) the sand rate is large, generally the sand rate of the mould bag concrete is about 40%, the maximum particle size of the concrete is smaller than 400mm, 1-5mm is selected as appropriate, the mould bag is not suitable to be filled with the excessive stone, the fluidity of the concrete mixture can be increased by adding the fly ash, and meanwhile, a part of cement can be replaced by adding the fly ash, an excessive substitution method is adopted, (5) the water consumption can be reduced by adding the concrete high-efficiency water reducer or the pumping aid, and meanwhile, the workability is improved by adding the additive;

b, concrete filling adopts signal connection, a diver is connected with a headset for the shore connection, and an interphone for the connection of the shore and a concrete pump is adopted;

c, before filling concrete, the pump pipe and the filling opening are fastened, the tail end of the conveying conduit is inserted into a mould bag cloth feed inlet by a hose with the length of 10m and fastened by iron wires, the turning angle of the hose is not more than 70 degrees, and the filling sequence is as follows: filling the mould bags bent in the ridges, filling the mould bags from the lower part of the bag opening to the slope bottom section after filling, and finally filling the mould bags between the platforms until the mould bags are full, and constructing the next layer after the initial setting for 24 hours, and circularly constructing the mould bags to the top of the rock cavity;

d, when the concrete is filled, the underwater filling quality is controlled by the diver in a matched manner, the phenomena of bulge, non-filling and the like are prevented, manual stepping is assisted to ensure compactness, but the frequency is controlled to prevent the occurrence of 'rib explosion', the filling speed is controlled to be 8-12 m < 3 >/H, the filling pressure is 0.2-0.3 Mpa, each filling opening is continuously filled, the filling is suspended for 5min when the filling opening is nearly full, after the water in the mold bag is analyzed out, the filling opening is filled again and is timely removed to tighten the filling opening, and an inward folding method is adopted for ensuring the smoothness of the surface;

e, when the pipe is blocked, if the pressure of the concrete pump increases suddenly, the conveying pipe vibrates, pumping is stopped immediately, the position of the blocked pipe is checked rapidly, the position of the blocked pipe is dredged, the pipeline is cleaned, and pumping is continued after smoothness;

The surface of the mould bag concrete is cleaned and the protection is required to be cleaned by water in time after the concrete filling is finished, so as to ensure the surface to be clean and beautiful, and personnel are prohibited from stepping and pressing and putting heavy objects within 24 hours after the concrete filling is finished.

Preferably, the underwater rock cavity filling engineering includes:

1) The underwater concrete mix should meet the following specifications:

the concrete poured underwater has good workability, the mixing ratio of the concrete should be determined through experiments, the slump is 160-220 mm, the cement consumption in each cubic meter of concrete should not be less than 360kg, and the cement label should not be lower than No. 425;

setting retarder measures are needed for the cement with the early strength, and setting retarder measures are needed for concrete according to specific conditions when the air temperature is higher than 30 ℃ no matter the cement with the early strength or the non-early strength is used;

the fine aggregate is preferably prepared from medium-to-coarse sand with good grading, and the sand rate is generally controlled to be 40% -50%;

the coarse aggregate is preferably pebble or broken stone, the grain size of the coarse aggregate is not more than 40mm, and secondary grading can be adopted under the condition;

2) The structure and use of the catheter meet the following requirements:

the wall thickness of a conduit is not smaller than 3mm, the diameter is 200-250 mm, the diameter manufacturing deviation is not more than 2mm, the conduit is manufactured by adopting a seamless steel pipe, the section length of the conduit is generally 2-4 m, the length of a bottom pipe is not smaller than 4m, a reinforcing hoop is welded at the bottom, and the two pipes can be connected by using a flange or screw threads;

The pressure test is carried out on the guide pipe before use, the pressure test is generally 0.6-1 MPa, and whether the concrete waterproof ball plug can pass or not is tested;

the continuous guide pipe is used, the screw threads of the guide pipe connecting port cannot be collided or crushed during use, transportation and stacking, the guide pipe is immediately washed after the use of the concrete is finished every time, and the screw threads of the guide pipe connecting port are oiled in time to prevent rust;

3) The underwater concrete is poured in compliance with the following regulations:

when pouring starts, the position where a precast concrete waterproof ball plug is hung should be close to the water surface, the distance from the bottom end of a guide pipe to the bottom of a hole should be 0.5m, and the guide pipe cannot be inserted back to the bottom of the hole after plug arrangement;

the storage hopper before the opening of the storage hopper is required to have a concrete storage capacity which is enough to embed the bottom end of the guide pipe into the underwater concrete for one time by a depth of more than 0.8 m;

thirdly, along with the rising of the concrete, the guide pipe is properly lifted and detached, the bottom end of the guide pipe is buried below the concrete surface, and the bottom end of the guide pipe is strictly forbidden to be lifted out of the concrete surface;

in the underwater concrete pouring process, a special person is required to measure the burial depth of the guide pipe, and a submerged concrete pouring record table is filled;

the underwater concrete pouring is continuously carried out, the pouring is not interrupted, the construction organization design and auxiliary facilities are strictly constructed before the pouring, and once the machine tool failure or power failure, water cut-off, pipe blockage, water inlet and other accidents occur, effective measures are immediately adopted for treatment, and meanwhile, records are made;

Sixthly, paving a layer of geogrid with the width of 6m and the length of 32m at intervals of 2m, wherein 4 layers of geogrids are paved in order to increase the stability of the mould bag concrete cofferdam, before pouring filling concrete, the grids in a rock cavity need to be rolled up, when filling is flush with the grids, the grids are unfolded, and then the next layer of concrete is poured and circulated in sequence.

Preferably, the water rock cavity filling engineering is constructed by a method of firstly installing a vertical template and then pouring concrete.

Preferably, the template support is installed specifically to be connected to the top of a rock cavity by using an underwater mould bag scaffold through a fastener, the distance between vertical rods is 1200mm, the step distance is 1800mm, the stability is increased by inserting the scaffold through anchor bars at the top, short steel pipes are inserted into the rock cavity concrete pouring every time, and then the scaffold and the short steel pipes are connected into a whole through the fastener and the steel pipes to form a wall connecting piece, so that the stability of the scaffold is ensured.

Preferably, the template mounting includes: template material: the template is a plywood with the thickness of 18mm, and 6 cm square wood is used as a framework; template mounting sequence: template positioning, template mounting, verticality adjustment, template reinforcement and acceptance inspection; the technical requirements are as follows: the template is flat, and the local unevenness is smaller than 2mm/m; before the template is supported, the substrate surface is cleaned up, no ponding and sundries exist, and the surface is cleaned up; when the concrete is poured and has certain strength (more than or equal to 1.2 Mpa), the concrete is not soft by hand and has no trace, and people can start to install the template; the vertical back edges of the square timber are arranged at intervals of 300mm, the vertical back edges are connected with a template support (scaffold) into a whole through iron wires, and the joints of the template are tight, so that slurry leakage is avoided.

Preferably, a construction gap is reserved at the eastern side of the rock cavity by pouring concrete, C20 concrete is poured in the rock cavity from inside to outside, the material is subjected to layered blanking and layered vibrating, the layered thickness is not more than 0.5m, and the upper layer and the lower layer are in lap joint of not less than 50mm when the inserted vibrator is used for vibrating; the moving distance of the inserted vibrator is not more than 1.5 times of the acting radius of the vibrator, the distance between the vibrator and the template is not more than 0.5 of the acting radius of the vibrator, the template is prevented from being collided as much as possible, and the quick insertion and slow extraction are needed to be noted, so that no leakage point is caused.

Compared with the prior art, the construction method for filling the underwater rock cavity in the reservoir area with concrete has the beneficial effects that: and after the underwater rock cavity filling engineering is finished, the construction is carried out on the water rock cavity filling engineering according to the construction standard, and finally the scaffold engineering is carried out according to the engineering standard, so that the construction process of filling concrete into the underwater rock cavity in the reservoir area is finished.

1. During construction, planning a construction site through construction measurement paying-off, strictly grasping intersection materials and standards of the construction measurement paying-off, excavating a foundation pit according to the standards according to construction drawings, molding bags according to standard processing numbers before construction, cleaning sludge at the water bottom, erecting a scaffold for molding bag fixation after cleaning, further filling a cavity with C20 concrete at the outer side of the cavity by using molding bag concrete as a cofferdam, constructing according to the requirements of a test underwater cavity filling project, constructing the water cavity filling project according to the construction standards after completing the underwater cavity filling project, and constructing the scaffold engineering according to the engineering standards, thereby completing the construction process of the underwater cavity filling concrete in a reservoir area.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the process flow of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a construction survey pay-off frame of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a modular bag cofferdam engineering framework of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a construction method framework of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the construction flow structure of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a construction measure frame of the mould bag concrete of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an underwater rock cavity filling engineering framework of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a water rock cavity filling engineering framework of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Referring to fig. 1-8, the present invention provides a technical solution: a construction method for filling concrete into an underwater rock cavity in a reservoir area comprises the following steps:

s1, construction measurement paying-off is formed by seven technological processes of a wire guide method, construction measurement preparation, construction measurement control, elevation control, measurement management measures, pile burying and protection and measurement quality control;

S2, carrying out a mould bag cofferdam project after the step S1 is finished, wherein the mould bag cofferdam project is formed by four processes including a standard process, a construction flow, a construction mode and a mould bag concrete construction measure, the standard process is that mould bag concrete with the thickness of 3m and the height of 10m is put in a stacking way at the outer side of a rock cavity, and the mould bag concrete and the corner above the rock cavity are orderly sealed by placing the mould bag concrete in a stacking way; paving a layer of geogrid mesh with the length of 32m and the width of 6m at intervals of 2m in the mould bag concrete, 4 layers in total, rolling up the grids in the rock cavity before pouring filling concrete, and when filling is flush with the grids, unrolling the grids, pouring the next layer of concrete, and sequentially circulating; and a construction gap is reserved at the eastern side of the rock cavity, C20 concrete is poured in the rock cavity from inside to outside, and foundation excavation and Gao Chengtan points are needed to be prepared in the construction process: 2-3 weeks before the construction of the mould bag concrete, carrying out foundation treatment according to the requirement of a mould bag foundation on a construction drawing, measuring the on-site actual foundation bed elevation detection point according to the required density of supervision, design and the like, and determining the mould bag cloth length of the relative position; processing of mould bag cloth: 1-2 weeks before the construction of the mould bag concrete, entrusting manufacturers to carry out production and sewing according to the specification of mould bag cloth on a construction drawing and the corresponding length determined by a supervision and design site; the mould bag adopts a rectangular mould bag without a filtering point, the average thickness of filled concrete is 400mm, the strength of the concrete is C20, the mould bag is made of terylene and polypropylene, and the mass per unit area is 550g/m < 2 >; radial breaking strength 44kN/M; CBR burst strength 6.6kN; vertical permeability coefficient K20:5.26 x 10-2; equivalent aperture 095:0.15mm. The filling pressure of the mould bags is preferably 0.2-0.3 MPa; and (3) construction site arrangement: according to the characteristics of the engineering construction site, the scheme considers that a set of mould bag concrete construction equipment is arranged; mechanical equipment and construction raw material are in place: adopting concentrated stirring concrete, transporting a concrete tank truck and a pump truck by utilizing a ferry, directly conveying the concrete to a designated position by using a concrete pump truck after reaching a construction site, extracting a sample at a conveying pipe orifice when a mould bag concrete construction measure is adopted to make a concrete test block, filling the concrete test block into a cloth bag which is made of the same material as the mould bag, filtering water for 5-10 minutes, and then manufacturing the test block, wherein the concrete test block made in this way is basically similar to the concrete condition in the mould bag, making self-checking records during construction, finishing construction data, and recording construction diaries, such as contradiction between quality requirements and construction progress, and all compliance quality requirements;

S3, implementing underwater rock cavity filling engineering after the step S2 is finished, wherein the underwater rock cavity filling engineering is sequentially formed by five groups of processes including overview, construction preparation, underwater construction method, on-site stirring concrete quality measurement, construction record inspection and concrete on-site stirring construction record; the underwater construction method is prepared, materials and main machines:

and A, cement: the variety, the label, the manufacturer and the brand of the cement meet the requirements of a concrete mix proportion notice, and the cement is subjected to delivery qualification and approach test report;

b sand: the grain diameter and the production place of the sand accord with the requirement of a concrete mixing proportion notice, and the sand contains mud: the mud content is less than or equal to 3 percent; sand should have a test report;

c stone (crushed stone or pebble): the particle size, grading and producing area of the stones meet the requirements of concrete mix proportion notification bill;

needle and flake particle content of cobble: 15% or less; the mud content of the stone (total dust, sludge and clay content less than 0.8 mm): less than or equal to 1 percent;

the loam content of stones (puree greater than 5 mm): the stone should be less than or equal to 0.5 percent and should be a test report;

d water: drinking water is preferably used. Other water, the water quality of which must meet the specification of the concrete mixing water standard (JGJ 63);

E main machine tool: the concrete mixer adopts a forced mixer, and the metering equipment adopts a platform scale or electronic metering equipment. The water metering can be realized by a flowmeter, a flowmeter controlled by a time relay or a water tank water level pipe mark meter. The loading equipment comprises a double-wheel trolley, a forklift, a loader, a sand and stone conveying hopper and the like, and other matched equipment. On-site test instruments such as slump test equipment, test molds;

s4, implementing a water rock cavity filling project after the step S3 is finished, wherein the water rock cavity filling project is sequentially formed by three groups of processes of template support mounting, template mounting and concrete pouring and tamping;

s5, scaffold engineering construction is carried out after the step S4 is finished, so that the operation of filling concrete into the underwater rock cavity of the reservoir area is completed, and the scaffold erection technical requirements in the scaffold engineering construction are as follows:

(1) The deviation of the verticality of the vertical rod is not more than 1/200 of the height of the frame;

(2) Except that the top layer of the upright rod connector can be lapped, the other connectors must be butt-jointed fasteners, and the butt joint meets the following requirements: the butt-joint fasteners on the vertical rods are in staggered arrangement, and the joints of the two adjacent vertical rods are not synchronous; the distance between the joints of two adjacent vertical rods in the height direction is not smaller than 500mm, the distance between the center of each joint and the main joint is not larger than 1/3 of the step distance, and two joints are not allowed in the same step;

(3) The bottom of the scaffold must be provided with a longitudinal and a transverse sweeping rod. The vertical sweeping rod is fixed on the vertical rod at the position which is not more than 200mm away from the surface of the sizing block by using a right-angle fastener, and the horizontal sweeping rod is fixed on the vertical rod which is right below the vertical sweeping rod by using a right-angle fastener;

(4) The large cross rod is arranged below the small cross rod, and is fastened with the vertical rod by adopting a right-angle fastener at the inner side of the vertical rod, and the length of the large cross rod is not less than 3 spans and is not less than 6m;

(5) The large cross rod butt joint fastener is connected and butt joint meets the following requirements: the butt joints are staggered, and are not arranged in the same synchronous span, and the horizontal distance between the adjacent joints is not less than 500mm. And should avoid being set up in the midspan of the horizontal span of longitudinal direction;

(6) The longitudinal horizontal height difference of the large cross bars around the frame is not more than 500mm, and the horizontal deviation of the large cross bars in the same row is not more than 1/300;

(7) The two ends of the small cross rod are fixed on the vertical rod by adopting right-angle fasteners;

(8) A small cross bar is arranged at each main node (i.e. the junction of the vertical rod and the large cross bar) and fastened on the large cross bar by adopting a right-angle fastener, the distance of the axis of the bar deviating from the main node is not more than 150mm, the overhanging length of one side close to the wall is not more than 250mm, and the overhanging length of the vertical surface of the scaffold is preferably 100 mm;

(9) Every other scaffold layer in the erection process is firmly tied with the structure in time so as to ensure the safety in the erection process, and the fasteners are moderately screwed along with the verticality and the horizontal deviation of the correction rod pieces;

(10) Two ends of the outer vertical surface of the scaffold are respectively provided with a pair of scissors supports, and the scissors supports are continuously arranged from bottom to top; the clear distance of each middle scissors stay should not be larger than 15m;

(11) Except that the top layer of the joint of the scissor brace can be lapped, all the other joints are connected by adopting butt-joint fasteners;

(12) The scissors stay is fixed on the extending end or the vertical rod of the small cross rod intersected with the scissors stay by a rotary fastener, and the distance between the central line of the rotary fastener and the main joint is not more than 150mm;

(13) The fastener opening for butt joint of the large cross rod is towards the inner side of the frame, the bolt is upwards, the opening is prevented from being upwards, so that rainwater is prevented from entering, the strength of the fastener is weakened after rust corrosion, and the right-angle fastener cannot be upwards;

(14) The two cross rods which are crossed outside the scaffold form a cross and form an included angle of 45-60 degrees with the ground, so that the scaffold is connected into a whole, and the whole stability of the scaffold is improved.

The wire guiding method is characterized in that according to an engineering measurement measuring method and a theodolite measurement method, the used instruments comprise a total station instrument, a laser theodolite and a laser water level instrument; the construction measurement preparation organization professional measuring staff performs recheck and validation on the measurement control points in cooperation with related units such as a first party, a supervision party and the like, records are well made, the drawing is familiar, a reasonable measurement scheme is drawn, elevation measurement and correction are performed according to the construction drawing, paying-off is ensured to be performed without errors, the accuracy of a measuring instrument is checked, and the professional measuring staff is trained and bottomed;

The construction measurement control comprises the following steps:

A. the method comprises the steps of on-site measurement control point handover, handover record filling, measurement control network establishment, engineering measurement control point layout, control point protection, measurement control network refinement, paying-off and monomer measurement;

C. positioning and paying-off work is carried out according to the size in the construction drawing and the control point elevation as positioning basis;

D. checking the elevation among the control points before positioning, confirming the accuracy of each point, carrying out lofting according to the route of the branch wire according to the site situation after no errors, setting out all the control points by adopting a polar coordinate method, placing the instrument on the relevant points, checking the distance and the elevation of the relevant points, determining the position by using the stake after the accuracy of each point reaches the positioning requirement, and burying the fixing stake;

E. during the whole measuring process, the engineering measurement standard is strictly observed, and the precision requirement is as follows: the angle observation precision is +/-10', the distance measurement precision is 1/20000, and the elevation measurement precision is 2/10000;

the elevation measurement is carried out by leveling measurement; the measurement management measures are divided into:

A. before starting work, measuring personnel are subjected to intersection and training in the aspects of measurement knowledge, measurement standard, use of measuring instruments, design drawings, construction schemes and the like;

B. The measuring staff should carefully understand the drawings, report the found problems in time, and can carry out measurement lofting according to the drawings after obtaining written replies;

C. the engineering measurement adopts a three-level rechecking system, namely, a construction team is first-level measurement, a project part is second-level measurement, and a company is third-level measurement;

the pile burying and protection construction control measurement results are required to be accurately fixed on the ground, so stable and firm pile is required to be set, which is an important work of construction measurement, and the pile of the elevation control point is buried in a rock fixing position; and (3) measuring quality control: firstly, a working procedure of firstly integrally controlling the low precision with high precision and then locally controlling the low precision is adhered to, firstly, a plane control network and a height control network of the whole site are tested, then positioning, paying-off and elevation measurement of each local building are carried out based on the control network, secondly, all kinds of measuring instruments used in the engineering are added, checking is carried out strictly according to an identification period, a third kind of measuring control points are checked before use, the use is carried out after no change is confirmed, and the original, neat and standardized record of operation data are ensured;

the construction method comprises the following steps:

cleaning underwater silt, detecting by divers that the underwater silt with the thickness of 0.6-1.5 m exists, and cleaning the silt-containing part to avoid influencing the laying of the mould bags in order to ensure the laying quality of the mould bag concrete and sinking after filling and molding, wherein the underwater silt is pumped by a sludge pump and then is washed by a high-pressure water gun to ensure the cleaning of the underwater silt;

The method for fixing the mould bag scaffold and arranging double rows of scaffolds on the inner side and the outer side of the mould bag comprises the following specific steps:

(1) Two rows of anchor bars are arranged on the inner side and the outer side of the die bag, the diameter of each anchor bar is 25mm, the length of each anchor bar is 1000mm, the distance between the anchor bars is 1200mm, and the anchor bars are anchored into the underwater base rock and are not less than 300mm;

(2) Inserting a steel pipe scaffold into the anchor bars, and connecting the steel pipe scaffold with the horizontal rods to form a double-row scaffold;

(3) The short steel pipes are inserted into the rock cavity concrete pouring every time, and then the rock cavity concrete pouring is connected with the double-row scaffold into a whole through the fasteners and the steel pipes, so that a wall connecting piece is formed, and the stability of the double-row scaffold is ensured;

spreading mould bag cloth and fixing the surface of the mould bag to be checked, wherein the mould bag is completely spread in a rock cavity, the geotechnical film bag units are uniformly spread along the construction direction of the rock cavity of a shore line, shrinkage allowance is reserved, the mould bag cloth is provided with binding ropes every 1200mm, the mould bag cloth is firmly connected with a scaffold through the binding ropes, the mould bag is uniformly distributed after being spread, the mould bag cannot be folded, curled, covered and the like, and the shrinkage allowance is reserved;

the concrete preparation, transportation and filling are specifically as follows:

filling of a mould bag concrete is a key process in the whole construction process, concrete mixing, conveying and filling forming are carried out at a glance, filling speed is mastered, a qualified test department is entrusted in advance to carry out test design on the mixing ratio adopted by the concrete, sand and stone used by the concrete are sent into stirring through a small loader shovel, clinker is transported into a concrete pump truck after coming out of the machine in a ferry way, and finally pumped into a mould bag, and the design requirement on the mixing ratio of the concrete is as follows:

(1) The cement paste is large in quantity, generally accounts for about 23% of the total concrete, (2) the sand rate is large, generally the sand rate of the mould bag concrete is about 40%, the maximum particle size of the concrete is smaller than 400mm, 1-5mm is selected as appropriate, the mould bag is not suitable to be filled with the excessive stone, the fluidity of the concrete mixture can be increased by adding the fly ash, and meanwhile, a part of cement can be replaced by adding the fly ash, an excessive substitution method is adopted, (5) the water consumption can be reduced by adding the concrete high-efficiency water reducer or the pumping aid, and meanwhile, the workability is improved by adding the additive;

b, the concrete filling adopts signal connection, the diver uses earphone for connection with the shore, the shore uses interphone for connection with the concrete pump,

c, before filling concrete, the pump pipe and the filling opening are fastened, the tail end of the conveying conduit is inserted into a mould bag cloth feed inlet by a hose with the length of 10m and fastened by iron wires, the turning angle of the hose is not more than 70 degrees, and the filling sequence is as follows: filling the mould bags bent in the ridges, filling the mould bags from the lower part of the bag opening to the slope bottom section after filling, and finally filling the mould bags between the platforms until the mould bags are full, and constructing the next layer after the initial setting for 24 hours, and circularly constructing the mould bags to the top of the rock cavity;

d, when the concrete is filled, the underwater filling quality is controlled by the diver in a matched manner, the phenomena of bulge, non-filling and the like are prevented, manual stepping is assisted to ensure compactness, but the frequency is controlled to prevent the occurrence of 'rib explosion', the filling speed is controlled to be 8-12 m < 3 >/H, the filling pressure is 0.2-0.3 Mpa, each filling opening is continuously filled, the filling is suspended for 5min when the filling opening is nearly full, after the water in the mold bag is analyzed out, the filling opening is filled again and is timely removed to tighten the filling opening, and an inward folding method is adopted for ensuring the smoothness of the surface;

e, when the pipe is blocked, if the pressure of the concrete pump increases suddenly, the conveying pipe vibrates, pumping is stopped immediately, the position of the blocked pipe is checked rapidly, the position of the blocked pipe is dredged, the pipeline is cleaned, and pumping is continued after smoothness;

cleaning the concrete surface of the mould bag and protecting the mould bag, and cleaning residual concrete, garbage and the like on the concrete surface of the mould bag by water in time after the concrete filling is finished so as to ensure the surface to be clean and attractive, and prohibiting personnel from trampling and pressing heavy objects within 24 hours after the concrete filling is finished;

the underwater rock cavity filling engineering comprises:

1) The underwater concrete mix should meet the following specifications:

the concrete poured underwater has good workability, the mixing ratio of the concrete should be determined through experiments, the slump is 160-220 mm, the cement consumption in each cubic meter of concrete should not be less than 360kg, and the cement label should not be lower than No. 425;

setting retarder measures are needed for the cement with the early strength, and setting retarder measures are needed for concrete according to specific conditions when the air temperature is higher than 30 ℃ no matter the cement with the early strength or the non-early strength is used;

the fine aggregate is preferably prepared from medium-to-coarse sand with good grading, and the sand rate is generally controlled to be 40% -50%;

the coarse aggregate is preferably pebble or broken stone, the grain size of the coarse aggregate is not more than 40mm, and secondary grading can be adopted under the condition;

2) The structure and use of the catheter meet the following requirements:

the wall thickness of a conduit is not smaller than 3mm, the diameter is 200-250 mm, the diameter manufacturing deviation is not more than 2mm, the conduit is manufactured by adopting a seamless steel pipe, the section length of the conduit is generally 2-4 m, the length of a bottom pipe is not smaller than 4m, a reinforcing hoop is welded at the bottom, and the two pipes can be connected by using a flange or screw threads;

the pressure test is carried out on the guide pipe before use, the pressure test is generally 0.6-1 MPa, and whether the concrete waterproof ball plug can pass or not is tested;

the continuous guide pipe is used, the screw threads of the guide pipe connecting port cannot be collided or crushed during use, transportation and stacking, the guide pipe is immediately washed after the use of the concrete is finished every time, and the screw threads of the guide pipe connecting port are oiled in time to prevent rust;

3) The underwater concrete is poured in compliance with the following regulations:

when pouring starts, the position where a precast concrete waterproof ball plug is hung should be close to the water surface, the distance from the bottom end of a guide pipe to the bottom of a hole should be 0.5m, and the guide pipe cannot be inserted back to the bottom of the hole after plug arrangement;

the storage hopper before the opening of the storage hopper is required to have a concrete storage capacity which is enough to embed the bottom end of the guide pipe into the underwater concrete for one time by a depth of more than 0.8 m;

thirdly, along with the rising of the concrete, the guide pipe is properly lifted and detached, the bottom end of the guide pipe is buried below the concrete surface, and the bottom end of the guide pipe is strictly forbidden to be lifted out of the concrete surface;

In the underwater concrete pouring process, a special person is required to measure the burial depth of the guide pipe, and a submerged concrete pouring record table is filled;

the underwater concrete pouring is continuously carried out, the pouring is not interrupted, the construction organization design and auxiliary facilities are strictly constructed before the pouring, and once the machine tool failure or power failure, water cut-off, pipe blockage, water inlet and other accidents occur, effective measures are immediately adopted for treatment, and meanwhile, records are made;

sixthly, paving a layer of geogrid with the width of 6m and the length of 32m at intervals of 2m to increase the stability of the mould bag concrete cofferdam, 4 layers of geogrids in total, rolling up the grids in a rock cavity before pouring filling concrete, and when filling is flush with the grids, unrolling the grids, pouring a next layer of concrete, and circulating in sequence;

the water rock cavity filling engineering is constructed by a method of firstly installing a vertical template and then pouring concrete;

the template support is mounted by connecting an underwater mould bag scaffold to the top of a rock cavity through a fastener, wherein the distance between vertical rods is 1200mm and the step distance is 1800mm, the stability is improved by inserting anchor bars into the scaffold at the top, short steel pipes are inserted into the rock cavity in each concrete pouring, and then the scaffold and the short steel pipes are connected into a whole through the fastener and the steel pipes to form a wall connecting piece, so that the stability of the scaffold is ensured;

The template installation includes: template material: the template is a plywood with the thickness of 18mm, and 6 cm square wood is used as a framework; template mounting sequence: template positioning, template mounting, verticality adjustment, template reinforcement and acceptance inspection; the technical requirements are as follows: the template is flat, and the local unevenness is smaller than 2mm/m; before the template is supported, the substrate surface is cleaned up, no ponding and sundries exist, and the surface is cleaned up; when the concrete is poured and has certain strength (more than or equal to 1.2 Mpa), the concrete is not soft by hand and has no trace, and people can start to install the template; the vertical back edges of the square timber with the distance of 6 cm and 8cm are arranged on the template, the distance is 300mm, the vertical back edges are connected with a template bracket (scaffold) into a whole through iron wires, and the joints of the template are tight, so that no slurry leakage is ensured;

the concrete pouring and tamping leaves a construction gap at the eastern side of the rock cavity, C20 concrete is poured in the rock cavity from inside to outside, layering blanking and layering vibrating are needed, the layering thickness is not more than 0.5m, and the upper layer and the lower layer are in lap joint of not less than 50mm when vibrating by using an inserted vibrator; the moving distance of the inserted vibrator is not more than 1.5 times of the acting radius of the vibrator, the distance between the vibrator and the template is not more than 0.5 of the acting radius of the vibrator, the template is prevented from being collided as much as possible, and the quick insertion and slow extraction are needed to be noted, so that no leakage point is caused.

To sum up: the construction method comprises the steps of firstly planning a construction site through construction measurement paying-off, strictly grasping the intersection materials and standards of the construction measurement paying-off, then excavating a foundation pit according to the standards according to construction drawings, carrying out model bag arrangement according to the standard processing number before construction, cleaning sludge at the water bottom, erecting a scaffold for model bag fixing after cleaning, further using model bag concrete outside a rock cavity as a cofferdam, filling the cavity with C20 concrete, carrying out construction according to the requirements of test underwater rock cavity filling engineering, carrying out construction according to the construction standards after completing the underwater rock cavity filling engineering, and finally carrying out construction according to the engineering standards on a scaffold engineering, thereby completing the construction process of reservoir underwater rock cavity filling concrete in the reservoir, namely the characteristics of the construction method of reservoir rock cavity filling concrete, and the contents which are not described in detail in the description belong to the prior art known to the underwater professional underwater state of the art.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described, or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and changes may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The construction method for filling the underwater rock cavity in the reservoir area with the concrete is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

s1, construction measurement paying-off is formed by seven technological processes of a wire guide method, construction measurement preparation, construction measurement control, elevation control, measurement management measures, pile burying and protection and measurement quality control;

s2, carrying out a mould bag cofferdam project after the step S1 is finished, wherein the mould bag cofferdam project is formed by four processes including a standard process, a construction flow, a construction mode and a mould bag concrete construction measure;

s3, implementing underwater rock cavity filling engineering after the step S2 is finished, wherein the underwater rock cavity filling engineering is sequentially formed by five groups of processes including overview, construction preparation, underwater construction method, on-site stirring concrete quality measurement, construction record inspection and concrete on-site stirring construction record;

s4, implementing a water rock cavity filling project after the step S3 is finished, wherein the water rock cavity filling project is sequentially formed by three groups of processes of template support mounting, template mounting and concrete pouring and tamping;

s5, performing scaffold engineering construction after the step S4 is finished, so that the operation of filling concrete into the underwater rock cavities in the reservoir area is completed;

the construction measurement control comprises the following steps:

A. The method comprises the steps of on-site measurement control point handover, handover record filling, measurement control network establishment, engineering measurement control point layout, control point protection, measurement control network refinement, paying-off and monomer measurement;

C. positioning and paying-off work is carried out according to the size in the construction drawing and the control point elevation as positioning basis;

D. checking the elevation among the control points before positioning, confirming the accuracy of each point, carrying out lofting according to the route of the branch wire according to the site situation after no errors, setting out all the control points by adopting a polar coordinate method, placing the instrument on the relevant points, checking the distance and the elevation of the relevant points, determining the position by using the stake after the accuracy of each point reaches the positioning requirement, and burying the fixing stake;

E. the accuracy requirements in the whole measuring process are as follows: the angle observation precision is +/-10', the distance measurement precision is 1/20000, and the elevation measurement precision is 2/10000;

the construction method comprises the following steps:

cleaning underwater silt, detecting by divers that the underwater silt with the thickness of 0.6-1.5 m exists, and cleaning the silt-containing part to avoid influencing the laying of the mould bags in order to ensure the laying quality of the mould bag concrete and sinking after filling and molding, wherein the underwater silt is pumped by a sludge pump and then is washed by a high-pressure water gun to ensure the cleaning of the underwater silt;

The method for fixing the mould bag scaffold and arranging double rows of scaffolds on the inner side and the outer side of the mould bag comprises the following specific steps:

(1) Two rows of anchor bars are arranged on the inner side and the outer side of the die bag, the diameter of each anchor bar is 25mm, the length of each anchor bar is 1000mm, the distance between the anchor bars is 1200mm, and the anchor bars are anchored into the underwater base rock and are not less than 300mm;

(2) Inserting a steel pipe scaffold into the anchor bars, and connecting the steel pipe scaffold with the horizontal rods to form a double-row scaffold;

(3) The short steel pipes are inserted into the rock cavity concrete pouring every time, and then the rock cavity concrete pouring is connected with the double-row scaffold into a whole through the fasteners and the steel pipes, so that a wall connecting piece is formed, and the stability of the double-row scaffold is ensured;

the underwater rock cavity filling engineering comprises:

1) The underwater concrete mix should meet the following specifications:

the concrete poured underwater has good workability, the mixing ratio of the concrete should be determined through experiments, the slump is 160-220 mm, the cement consumption in each cubic meter of concrete should not be less than 360kg, and the cement label should not be lower than No. 425;

setting retarder measures are needed for the cement with the early strength, and setting retarder measures are needed for concrete according to specific conditions when the air temperature is higher than 30 ℃ no matter the cement with the early strength or the non-early strength is used;

the fine aggregate is preferably prepared from medium-to-coarse sand with good grading, and the sand rate is controlled to be 40% -50%;

The coarse aggregate is preferably pebble or broken stone, the grain size of the coarse aggregate is not more than 40mm, and secondary grading can be adopted under the condition;

2) The structure and use of the catheter meet the following requirements:

the wall thickness of a conduit is not smaller than 3mm, the diameter is 200-250 mm, the diameter manufacturing deviation is not more than 2mm, the conduit is manufactured by adopting a seamless steel pipe, the section length of the conduit is 2-4 m, the length of a bottom pipe is not smaller than 4m, a reinforcing hoop is welded at the bottom, and the two pipes can be connected by using a flange or screw threads;

the pressure test is carried out on the guide pipe before use, the pressure test is 0.6-1 MPa, and whether the concrete waterproof ball plug can pass or not is tested;

the continuous guide pipe is used, the screw threads of the guide pipe connecting port cannot be collided or crushed during use, transportation and stacking, the guide pipe is immediately washed after the use of the concrete is finished every time, and the screw threads of the guide pipe connecting port are oiled in time to prevent rust;

3) The underwater concrete is poured in compliance with the following regulations:

when pouring starts, the position where a precast concrete waterproof ball plug is hung should be close to the water surface, the distance from the bottom end of a guide pipe to the bottom of a hole should be 0.5m, and the guide pipe cannot be inserted back to the bottom of the hole after plug arrangement;

the storage hopper before the opening of the storage hopper is required to have a concrete storage capacity which is enough to embed the bottom end of the guide pipe into the underwater concrete for one time by a depth of more than 0.8 m;

Thirdly, along with the rising of the concrete, the guide pipe is properly lifted and detached, the bottom end of the guide pipe is buried below the concrete surface, and the bottom end of the guide pipe is strictly forbidden to be lifted out of the concrete surface;

in the underwater concrete pouring process, a special person is required to measure the burial depth of the guide pipe, and a submerged concrete pouring record table is filled;

the underwater concrete pouring is continuously carried out, the pouring is not interrupted, the construction organization design and auxiliary facilities are strictly constructed before the pouring, and once the equipment failure or power failure, water cut-off and conduit blockage and water inlet accidents occur, effective measures are immediately adopted for treatment and recording is carried out at the same time;

sixthly, paving a layer of geogrid with the width of 6m and the length of 32m at intervals of 2m to increase the stability of the mould bag concrete cofferdam, 4 layers of geogrids in total, rolling up the grids in a rock cavity before pouring filling concrete, and when filling is flush with the grids, unrolling the grids, pouring a next layer of concrete, and circulating in sequence;

the template support is installed specifically to be connected to the top of a rock cavity through a fastener by utilizing an underwater mould bag scaffold, the distance between vertical rods is 1200mm, the step distance is 1800mm, the stability is increased by inserting the scaffold through anchor bars at the top, short steel pipes are inserted into the rock cavity in each concrete pouring, and then the scaffold and the short steel pipes are connected into a whole through the fastener and the steel pipes to form a wall connecting piece, so that the stability of the scaffold is ensured.

2. The construction method for filling concrete into underwater rock cavities in reservoir areas of reservoirs according to claim 1, wherein the construction method comprises the following steps: the wire guiding method is based on engineering measurement measuring method and theodolite measuring method, and the used instruments include total station, laser theodolite and laser level.

3. The construction method for filling concrete into underwater rock cavities in reservoir areas of reservoirs according to claim 1, wherein the construction method comprises the following steps: the elevation measurement is carried out by leveling measurement; the measurement management measures are divided into:

A. before starting work, measuring personnel are subjected to measurement knowledge, measurement standard, use of measuring instruments, design drawings and intersection and training in the aspect of construction schemes;

B. the measuring staff should carefully understand the drawings, report the found problems in time, and can carry out measurement lofting according to the drawings after obtaining written replies;

C. the engineering measurement adopts a three-level rechecking system, namely, the construction team is first-level measurement, the project department is second-level measurement, and the company is third-level measurement.

4. The construction method for filling concrete into underwater rock cavities in reservoir areas of reservoirs according to claim 1, wherein the construction method comprises the following steps: the water rock cavity filling engineering is constructed by a method of firstly installing a vertical template and then pouring concrete.

5. The construction method for filling concrete into underwater rock cavities in reservoir areas of reservoirs according to claim 1, wherein the construction method comprises the following steps: the template installation includes: template material: the template is a plywood with the thickness of 18mm, and 6 cm square wood is used as a framework; template mounting sequence: template positioning, template mounting, verticality adjustment, template reinforcement and acceptance inspection; the technical requirements are as follows: the template is flat, and the local unevenness is smaller than 2mm/m; before the template is supported, the substrate surface is cleaned up, no ponding and sundries exist, and the surface is cleaned up; when the concrete is poured, the strength is more than or equal to 1.2Mpa.

6. The construction method for filling concrete into underwater rock cavities in reservoir areas of reservoirs according to claim 1, wherein the construction method comprises the following steps: the concrete pouring and tamping leaves a construction gap at the eastern side of the rock cavity, C20 concrete is poured in the rock cavity from inside to outside, layering blanking and layering vibrating are needed, the layering thickness is not more than 0.5m, and the upper layer and the lower layer are in lap joint of not less than 50mm when vibrating by using an inserted vibrator.