CN114134267B - Furnace temperature control method for coping with blast furnace thermal load fluctuation - Google Patents
Furnace temperature control method for coping with blast furnace thermal load fluctuation Download PDFInfo
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- CN114134267B CN114134267B CN202111474053.3A CN202111474053A CN114134267B CN 114134267 B CN114134267 B CN 114134267B CN 202111474053 A CN202111474053 A CN 202111474053A CN 114134267 B CN114134267 B CN 114134267B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/006—Automatically controlling the process
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/001—Injecting additional fuel or reducing agents
- C21B5/003—Injection of pulverulent coal
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of blast furnace temperature control, in particular to a furnace temperature control method for dealing with blast furnace thermal load fluctuation. According to the invention, when the furnace condition fluctuates, the basis can be effectively provided for the recovery operation of the blast furnace, the misoperation is reduced, and the recovery rhythm is accelerated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of blast furnace temperature control, in particular to the field of blast furnace temperature control through blast furnace thermal load fluctuation.
Background
The blast furnace thermal load change is one of important evaluation bases for reflecting the blast furnace thermal system change, the blast furnace thermal load reflects the stability of air flow in the blast furnace and the heat dissipation level of a furnace body, the influence on the blast furnace thermal system is large, and the large fluctuation of the thermal load in a short time often causes the large change of the blast furnace temperature, and the quality of molten iron is influenced. When the thermal load change is large in daily operation of the blast furnace, the fuel ratio of the blast furnace needs to be adjusted in time, the temperature of the blast furnace is stable, the stable and smooth operation of the blast furnace is ensured, the quality of molten iron is ensured, and the method has an active effect on the production operation of the blast furnace.
At present, furnace temperature control means when the heat load of a blast furnace fluctuates is mainly based on experience, has no clear method and has no unified standard, for example, when the heat load of the blast furnace fluctuates by 10000MJ/h, the fuel ratio adjustment amount of most enterprises is about 2-4kg/t, and in actual production, the influence of the fluctuation value of the heat load of the blast furnace in different ranges on the furnace temperature is different.
The lower the value before the fluctuation of the heat load of the blast furnace, the larger the fluctuation value, and the more fuel ratio needs to be increased per 10000MJ/h fluctuation, which corresponds to the lower the base fuel requirement when the heat load is lower. In actual production, the traditional method has poor usability and accuracy, and the furnace temperature cannot be effectively controlled when the heat load fluctuates in different intervals.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: and obtaining a control value calculation formula of fuel ratios in different thermal load change intervals according to a thermal balance principle and an actual production condition through the thermal load change value of the blast furnace and the corresponding ton iron base fuel ratio, and finally determining the ton iron fuel ratio control value after thermal load fluctuation.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a method for controlling the temp of blast furnace in response to the temp variation of heat load of blast furnace includes such steps as real-time collecting the coke ratio, coal powder injection, iron content, number of batches, and heat load value of blast furnace, transmitting them to PLC, and controlling the temp of blast furnace in response to the temp variation of heat load of blast furnace after 8 hr
Step one, calculating a ton iron fuel ratio FR1 of 8 hours before a current acquisition point and an average value Q1 of a blast furnace heat load in 8 hours before the current acquisition point in a PLC (programmable logic controller), wherein the ton iron fuel ratio FR1 of 8 hours before the current acquisition point is = CR + M/(P multiplied by V), wherein CR is the average value of the coke ratio of 8 hours before the current acquisition point and is expressed in kilograms/ton, M is the total coal injection amount of 8 hours before the current acquisition point and is expressed in tons, P is the iron amount of each batch and is expressed in tons, and V is the total blanking batch number of 8 hours at the current acquisition point;
step two, calculating an average value Q2 of the blast furnace heat load of the current collection point in the previous 1 hour, and calculating a metering difference value delta Q = Q4-Q3 of the blast furnace heat load of each collection point, wherein Q3 is the average value of the blast furnace heat load in the previous 8 hours of the collection point, and Q4 is the average value of the blast furnace heat load in the previous 1 hour of the same collection point with Q3;
step three, when the metering difference value is less than 0, namely Q2 is less than Q1, the current ton iron-fuel ratio control value FR = FR1+ (Q2-Q1) ÷ 9797 ÷ (p multiplied by V ÷ 8) × 1000 multiplied by A of the blast furnace, and when Q2 is more than or equal to Q1, the step four is carried out, wherein A is a conversion coefficient;
step four, when the metering difference value of each collection point increases along with the increase of time within 8 hours before the current collection point, the current ton iron-fuel ratio control value FR = FR1+ (Q2-Q1) ÷ 9797 ÷ (p × V ÷ 8) × 1000 × A of the blast furnace; the blast furnace current ton iron-fuel ratio control value FR = FR1+ (Q2-Q1) ÷ 9797 ÷ (p × V ÷ 8) × 1000 when the metering difference value of each collection point decreases or does not change with the increase of time within 8 hours before the current collection point; when the metering difference value of each acquisition point is increased and decreased along with the increase of time within 8 hours before the current acquisition point, namely fluctuation exists, entering a fifth step;
step five, when the average value Q2 of the blast furnace heat load in the first 1 hour of the current collection point is the maximum value of the average value of the blast furnace heat load in the first 1 hour of all the collection points in the first 8 hours of the current collection point, the current ton iron-fuel ratio control value FR = FR1+ (Q2-Q1) ÷ 9797 ÷ (p × V ÷ 8) × 1000 × A of the blast furnace; when the average value Q2 of the blast furnace heat load in the first 1 hour of the current collection point is not the maximum value of the average values of the blast furnace heat loads in the first 1 hour of all the collection points in the first 8 hours of the current collection point, the current ton iron-fuel ratio control value FR = FR1+ (Q2-Q1) ÷ 9797 ÷ (p × V ÷ 8) × 1000 of the blast furnace;
and step six, the PLC inputs fuel according to the current ton iron fuel ratio control value FR of the blast furnace, and the furnace temperature of the blast furnace is stabilized.
The real-time collection of the coke ratio, the coal injection amount per hour, the blanking speed and the blast furnace heat load value under the blast furnace condition means that the collection is carried out once every 5 to 60 minutes.
In the first step, the average value Q1 of the blast furnace heat load in the previous 8 hours of the current time is the arithmetic average value of the blast furnace heat load in the previous 8 hours of the current time, and the unit is megajoules, in the second step, the average value of the blast furnace heat load in the previous 8 hours of any one acquisition point is the arithmetic average value of the blast furnace heat load in the previous 8 hours of the acquisition point, and the unit is megajoules.
In the second step, the average value Q2 of the blast furnace heat load in the first 1 hour of the current time is the arithmetic average value of the blast furnace heat load in the first 1 hour of the current time, and the unit is megajoules, and the unit Q4 is the arithmetic average value of the blast furnace heat load in the first 1 hour of the same acquisition point as the unit Q3.
When Q2-Q1 is less than 0, A is 0.5, when Q2-Q1 is less than 0 and less than 30000MJ, A is 1.0, when Q2-Q1 is less than 30000MJ, A is 1.25, when Q2-Q1 is less than 50000MJ, A is 1.5, when Q2-Q1 is less than 70000MJ, A is 1.75, when Q2-Q1 is more than 100000MJ, A is 2.0.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the fuel ratio control value after the blast furnace thermal load fluctuation is quantized; when the furnace condition fluctuates and the thermal load changes greatly, the fuel ratio adjustment amount is determined, the furnace temperature of the blast furnace is stabilized, and the quality of molten iron is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of different heat load rise values versus a combustion ratio adjustment value.
Detailed Description
The following examples further illustrate embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the following examples.
Firstly, a reference example is introduced, wherein the reference example is a control method for stabilizing the furnace temperature after determining the thermal load fluctuation of the blast furnace according to the traditional experience by adopting the traditional measuring and calculating method at present.
Reference example
Under three different working conditions, the fuel ratio is adjusted to be 3kg/t according to the traditional method, wherein the fluctuation of the heat load of the blast furnace is 10000MJ, the first working condition is the normal furnace condition, the second working condition and the third working condition are the furnace conditions with large fluctuation of the heat load of the blast furnace, the yield levels under the three working conditions are consistent, and the furnace temperature levels of the blast furnace under the different working conditions are shown in a table 2 after the traditional method is adopted.
Comparing the three working conditions, when the thermal load fluctuation is small, the furnace temperature is well controlled when the adjustment is carried out according to the traditional method, but when the thermal load fluctuation is large, the furnace temperature is adjusted according to the traditional method, and then large deviation occurs.
The method for controlling the temperature of the blast furnace is mainly based on the method when the thermal load of the blast furnace fluctuates.
It can be seen from fig. 1 that the lower the value before the fluctuation of the heat load of the blast furnace, the larger the fluctuation value, the more the required lift fuel ratio per 10000MJ/h fluctuation, which corresponds to the lower the base fuel demand at the lower the heat load. The traditional method has poor usability and accuracy in actual production, and the furnace temperature cannot be effectively controlled when the heat load fluctuates in different intervals, which is the main problem to be solved by the invention.
A method for controlling the temp of blast furnace in response to the thermal load fluctuation of blast furnace includes such steps as collecting the coke ratio, coal powder, iron powder, raw material and the thermal load value of blast furnace at intervals of 15 min, transmitting them to PLC, and controlling the temp of blast furnace in response to the thermal load fluctuation of blast furnace after 8 hr
Step one, calculating a ton iron-fuel ratio FR1 8 hours before a current acquisition point and an average value Q1 of a blast furnace heat load in 8 hours before the current acquisition point in a PLC (programmable logic controller), wherein the ton iron-fuel ratio FR1= CR + M/(P multiplied by V) 8 hours before the current acquisition point, CR is the average value of the coke ratio 8 hours before the current acquisition point and is in units of kilogram/ton, M is the total coal injection amount 8 hours before the current acquisition point and is in units of ton, P is the iron amount of each batch and is in units of ton, and V is the total feeding batch number 8 hours before the current acquisition point;
step two, calculating an average value Q2 of the blast furnace heat load of the current collection point in the previous 1 hour, and calculating a metering difference value delta Q = Q4-Q3 of the blast furnace heat load of each collection point, wherein Q3 is the average value of the blast furnace heat load in the previous 8 hours of the collection point, and Q4 is the average value of the blast furnace heat load in the previous 1 hour of the same collection point with Q3;
step three, when the metering difference value is less than 0, namely Q2 is less than Q1, the current ton iron-fuel ratio control value FR = FR1+ (Q2-Q1) ÷ 9797 ÷ (p multiplied by V ÷ 8) × 1000 multiplied by A of the blast furnace, and when Q2 is more than or equal to Q1, the step four is carried out, wherein A is a conversion coefficient;
step four, when the metering difference value of each collection point increases along with the increase of time within 8 hours before the current collection point, the current ton iron-fuel ratio control value FR = FR1+ (Q2-Q1) ÷ 9797 ÷ (p × V ÷ 8) × 1000 × A of the blast furnace; the blast furnace current ton iron-fuel ratio control value FR = FR1+ (Q2-Q1) ÷ 9797 ÷ (p × V ÷ 8) × 1000 when the metering difference value of each collection point decreases or does not change with the increase of time within 8 hours before the current collection point; when the metering difference value of each acquisition point is increased and decreased along with the increase of time within 8 hours before the current acquisition point, namely fluctuation exists, entering a fifth step;
step five, when the average value Q2 of the blast furnace heat load in the first 1 hour of the current collection point is the maximum value of the average value of the blast furnace heat load in the first 1 hour of all the collection points in the first 8 hours of the current collection point, the current ton iron-fuel ratio control value FR = FR1+ (Q2-Q1) ÷ 9797 ÷ (p × V ÷ 8) × 1000 × A of the blast furnace; when the average value Q2 of the blast furnace heat load in the first 1 hour of the current collection point is not the maximum value of the average values of the blast furnace heat loads in the first 1 hour of all the collection points in the first 8 hours of the current collection point, the blast furnace current ton iron-fuel ratio control value FR = FR1+ (Q2-Q1) ÷ 9797 ÷ (p × V ÷ 8) × 1000;
and step six, the PLC inputs fuel according to the current ton iron fuel ratio control value FR of the blast furnace and stabilizes the temperature of the blast furnace.
In the first step, the average value Q1 of the blast furnace heat load in the previous 8 hours of the current time is the arithmetic average value of the blast furnace heat load in the previous 8 hours of the current time, and the unit is megajoules, in the second step, the average value of the blast furnace heat load in the previous 8 hours of any one acquisition point is the arithmetic average value of the blast furnace heat load in the previous 8 hours of the acquisition point, and the unit is megajoules.
In the second step, the average value Q2 of the blast furnace heat load in the first 1 hour of the current time is the arithmetic average value of the blast furnace heat load in the first 1 hour of the current time, and the unit is megajoules, and the unit Q4 is the arithmetic average value of the blast furnace heat load in the first 1 hour of the same acquisition point as the unit Q3.
When Q2-Q1 is less than 0, A is 0.5, when Q2-Q1 is less than 0, A is 1.0 when Q2-Q1 is less than 0 and less than 30000MJ, A is 1.25 when Q2-Q1 is less than 50000MJ, A is 1.5, when Q2-Q1 is less than 70000MJ, A is 1.75, when Q2-Q1 is more than 100000MJ, A is 2.0 when Q2-Q1 is more than 100000.
Under three different working conditions, when the thermal load of the blast furnace is adjusted according to the method of the invention, according to the steps in the technical scheme of the invention, the fuel ratio adjustment amount corresponding to the thermal load fluctuation under the blast furnace working condition is calculated so as to realize the furnace temperature stabilization, and the furnace temperature is compared with the adjustment result of the traditional method in the reference implementation case, and the specific result is shown in table 3.
Compared with the traditional control method, the traditional control method has poor furnace temperature control effect when the thermal load fluctuates greatly, the furnace temperature reduction amplitude reaches 0.32% when the thermal load is reduced from 48% to 40%, and the furnace temperature reduction amplitude is only 0.1% when the thermal load is reduced from 49% to 41% by using the control method of the invention.
The comparison of the results shows that the traditional method has poor furnace temperature control effect when the thermal load of the blast furnace fluctuates greatly, and the method has better furnace temperature control effect and higher practicability compared with the traditional method.
Claims (4)
1. A furnace temperature control method for coping with blast furnace thermal load fluctuation is characterized in that: after the blast furnace runs, acquiring the coke ratio, the coal injection amount per hour, the iron amount per batch, the blanking batch number and the blast furnace heat load value of the blast furnace under the condition of the blast furnace in real time, transmitting the values to a PLC (programmable logic controller), and controlling the furnace temperature for responding to the blast furnace heat load fluctuation according to the following steps after the blast furnace runs for 8 hours: step one, calculating a ton iron fuel ratio FR1 of 8 hours before a current acquisition point and an average value Q1 of a blast furnace heat load in 8 hours before the current acquisition point in a PLC (programmable logic controller), wherein the ton iron fuel ratio FR1 of 8 hours before the current acquisition point is = CR + M/(p multiplied by V), wherein CR is the average value of the coke ratio of 8 hours before the current acquisition point and is expressed in kilograms/ton, M is the total coal injection amount of 8 hours before the current acquisition point and is expressed in tons, p is the iron amount of each batch and is expressed in tons, and V is the total blanking batch number of 8 hours at the current acquisition point;
step two, calculating an average value Q2 of the blast furnace heat load of the current collection point in the previous 1 hour, and calculating a metering difference value delta Q = Q4-Q3 of the blast furnace heat load of each collection point, wherein Q3 is the average value of the blast furnace heat load in the previous 8 hours of the collection point, and Q4 is the average value of the blast furnace heat load in the previous 1 hour of the same collection point with Q3;
step three, when the metering difference value is less than 0, namely Q2 is less than Q1, the current ton iron-fuel ratio control value FR = FR1+ (Q2-Q1) ÷ 9797 ÷ (p multiplied by V ÷ 8) × 1000 multiplied by A of the blast furnace, and when Q2 is more than or equal to Q1, the step four is carried out, wherein A is a conversion coefficient; when Q2-Q1 is less than 0, A is 0.5, when Q2-Q1 is less than 0 and less than 30000MJ, A is 1.0, when Q2-Q1 is less than 30000MJ, A is 1.25, when Q2-Q1 is less than 50000MJ, A is 1.5, when Q2-Q1 is less than 70000MJ, A is 1.75, when Q2-Q1 is more than 100000MJ, A is 2.0;
step four, when the metering difference value of each collection point increases along with the increase of time within 8 hours before the current collection point, the current ton iron-fuel ratio control value FR = FR1+ (Q2-Q1) ÷ 9797 ÷ (p × V ÷ 8) × 1000 × A of the blast furnace; the current ton iron-fuel ratio control value FR = FR1+ (Q2-Q1) ÷ 9797 ÷ (p × V ÷ 8) × 1000 of the blast furnace when the metering difference value of each collection point decreases or does not change with increasing time within 8 hours before the current collection point; when the metering difference value of each acquisition point is increased and decreased along with the increase of time within 8 hours before the current acquisition point, namely fluctuation exists, entering a fifth step;
step five, when the average value Q2 of the blast furnace heat load in the first 1 hour of the current collection point is the maximum value of the average value of the blast furnace heat load in the first 1 hour of all the collection points in the first 8 hours of the current collection point, the current ton iron-fuel ratio control value FR = FR1+ (Q2-Q1) ÷ 9797 ÷ (p × V ÷ 8) × 1000 × A of the blast furnace; when the average value Q2 of the blast furnace heat load in the first 1 hour of the current collection point is not the maximum value of the average values of the blast furnace heat loads in the first 1 hour of all the collection points in the first 8 hours of the current collection point, the blast furnace current ton iron-fuel ratio control value FR = FR1+ (Q2-Q1) ÷ 9797 ÷ (p × V ÷ 8) × 1000;
and step six, the PLC inputs fuel according to the current ton iron fuel ratio control value FR of the blast furnace, and the furnace temperature of the blast furnace is stabilized.
2. The method for controlling the temperature of a blast furnace according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the real-time collection of the coke ratio, the coal injection amount per hour, the blanking speed and the blast furnace heat load value under the blast furnace condition means that the collection is carried out once every 5 to 60 minutes.
3. The method for controlling the temperature of a blast furnace according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: in the first step, the average value Q1 of the blast furnace heat load within 8 hours before the current time is the arithmetic average value of the blast furnace heat load within 8 hours before the current time, and the unit is megajoules, and in the second step, the average value of the blast furnace heat load within 8 hours before any one acquisition point is the arithmetic average value of the blast furnace heat load within 8 hours before the acquisition point, and the unit is megajoules.
4. The method for controlling the temperature of a blast furnace according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: in the second step, the average value Q2 of the blast furnace heat load in the first 1 hour of the current time is the arithmetic average value of the blast furnace heat load in the first 1 hour of the current time, and the unit is megajoules, and the unit Q4 is the arithmetic average value of the blast furnace heat load in the first 1 hour of the same acquisition point as the unit Q3.
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