CN114133293A - Fertilizer special for peanuts and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Fertilizer special for peanuts and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114133293A CN114133293A CN202111046280.6A CN202111046280A CN114133293A CN 114133293 A CN114133293 A CN 114133293A CN 202111046280 A CN202111046280 A CN 202111046280A CN 114133293 A CN114133293 A CN 114133293A
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- Prior art keywords
- calcium
- phosphorus
- magnesium
- silicon
- fertilizer
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 241001553178 Arachis glabrata Species 0.000 title claims abstract 18
- SQHCSJYTLVQMOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [P].[Si].[Ca].[Mg] Chemical compound [P].[Si].[Ca].[Mg] SQHCSJYTLVQMOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 141
- 239000012792 core layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229920005551 calcium lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- RYAGRZNBULDMBW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;3-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-[2-methoxy-4-(3-sulfonatopropyl)phenoxy]propane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].COC1=CC=CC(CC(CS([O-])(=O)=O)OC=2C(=CC(CCCS([O-])(=O)=O)=CC=2)OC)=C1O RYAGRZNBULDMBW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- LCPDWSOZIOUXRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenoxyacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)COC1=CC=CC=C1 LCPDWSOZIOUXRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 58
- AEDDIBAIWPIIBD-ZJKJAXBQSA-N mangiferin Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1C1=C(O)C=C(OC=2C(=CC(O)=C(O)C=2)C2=O)C2=C1O AEDDIBAIWPIIBD-ZJKJAXBQSA-N 0.000 claims description 55
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- YWQSXCGKJDUYTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Mangiferin Natural products CC(CCC=C(C)C)C1CC(C)C2C3CCC4C(C)(C)CCCC45CC35CCC12C YWQSXCGKJDUYTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 229940043357 mangiferin Drugs 0.000 claims description 33
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- JJTUDXZGHPGLLC-IMJSIDKUSA-N 4511-42-6 Chemical compound C[C@@H]1OC(=O)[C@H](C)OC1=O JJTUDXZGHPGLLC-IMJSIDKUSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- -1 mangiferin ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(ii) 2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound [Sn+2].CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- YMKIRWHSXOBLCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mg].[P].[Ca] Chemical compound [Mg].[P].[Ca] YMKIRWHSXOBLCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- KMQAPZBMEMMKSS-UHFFFAOYSA-K calcium;magnesium;phosphate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O KMQAPZBMEMMKSS-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- DHRLEVQXOMLTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;trioxomolybdenum Chemical compound O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O DHRLEVQXOMLTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- IYDGMDWEHDFVQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;trioxotungsten Chemical compound O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O IYDGMDWEHDFVQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 18
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 description 50
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- WPTJBFNYRRZIDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-phenoxyacetate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)COC1=CC=CC=C1 WPTJBFNYRRZIDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LZEPVVDVBJUKSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pterocarpan Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3COC4=CC=CC=C4C3OC2=C1 LZEPVVDVBJUKSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- XUSQTSSDINSWDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxy-1h-pyridin-2-one Chemical compound OC=1NC(=O)C(O)=C(O)C=1O XUSQTSSDINSWDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000144725 Amygdalus communis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011437 Amygdalus communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000004936 Bromus mango Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005696 Diammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000234280 Liliaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007228 Mangifera indica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014826 Mangifera indica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000086363 Pterocarpus indicus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009984 Pterocarpus indicus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000545263 Salacia <hydroid> Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009184 Spondias indica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000299461 Theobroma cacao Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005764 Theobroma cacao ssp. cacao Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000005767 Theobroma cacao ssp. sphaerocarpum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JZRWCGZRTZMZEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiamine Natural products CC1=C(CCO)SC=[N+]1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N JZRWCGZRTZMZEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000020224 almond Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000001046 cacaotero Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FOCAUTSVDIKZOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCl FOCAUTSVDIKZOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930003935 flavonoid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000017173 flavonoids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- LVWZTYCIRDMTEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N metamizole Chemical compound O=C1C(N(CS(O)(=O)=O)C)=C(C)N(C)N1C1=CC=CC=C1 LVWZTYCIRDMTEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021048 nutrient requirements Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- VPAOSFFTKWUGAD-TVKJYDDYSA-N skimmin Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1OC1=CC=C(C=CC(=O)O2)C2=C1 VPAOSFFTKWUGAD-TVKJYDDYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBFTZUUHPXPXLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N skimmin Natural products OCC1OC(C(O)C(O)C1O)c2ccc3C=CC(=O)Oc3c2 SBFTZUUHPXPXLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012730 sustained-release form Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011721 thiamine Substances 0.000 description 1
- KYMBYSLLVAOCFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiamine Chemical compound CC1=C(CCO)SCN1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N KYMBYSLLVAOCFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003495 thiamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019157 thiamine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VPAOSFFTKWUGAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N umbelliferone beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OC1=CC=C(C=CC(=O)O2)C2=C1 VPAOSFFTKWUGAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/40—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/50—Surfactants; Emulsifiers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
- C05G5/37—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings layered or coated with a polymer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/66—Polyesters containing oxygen in the form of ether groups
- C08G63/664—Polyesters containing oxygen in the form of ether groups derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/78—Preparation processes
- C08G63/82—Preparation processes characterised by the catalyst used
- C08G63/85—Germanium, tin, lead, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, or compounds thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/91—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08G63/912—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a peanut special fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, which comprises a calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon inner core layer, a slow release layer and an outer cladding layer which are arranged in sequence from inside to outside; the inner calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon core layer is a mixture of a calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon composite material and calcium lignosulfonate, the slow release layer is modified polylactic acid, and the outer coating layer is a mixture of a calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon composite material and urea. The invention discloses a peanut special fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, wherein the peanut special fertilizer is prepared by sequentially arranging a calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon inner core layer, a slow release layer and an outer cladding layer from inside to outside. The special fertilizer for peanuts and the preparation method thereof are prepared by sequentially arranging a calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon inner core layer, a slow release layer and an outer cladding layer from inside to outside. The calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon fertilizer can improve the utilization rate of the fertilizer for peanuts, reduce the input amount of chemical fertilizer and the amount of labor for fertilization, and can simultaneously slow down the release speed of nutrients in the fertilizer in the later period and delay the release time of the nutrients under the condition of ensuring sufficient fertilizer in the earlier period, thereby increasing the yield of the peanuts.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fertilizers, and particularly relates to a special fertilizer for peanuts and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The fertilizer is an important factor for increasing the yield of the peanuts, but the fertilizer brings substance production satisfaction to human beings, and simultaneously causes a series of problems of low fertilizer utilization rate, resource waste and environmental pollution due to improper application. In the current peanut cultivation production in China, nutrient in the fertilizer is dissolved and released too fast in ternary compound fertilizers, binary compound fertilizers (diammonium phosphate, potassium nitrate and the like) and elementary chemical fertilizers, such as urea, ammonium bicarbonate, thiamine and the like, because rural labor population is rapidly reduced, farmers only pay attention to base fertilizers and ignore topdressing, the nutrient content in soil or water is higher in the early stage after peanut transplanting, peanuts are volatilized, leaching or physically and chemically fixed and wasted without being absorbed in time, and the effectiveness of the fertilizer nutrients is seriously influenced; however, nutrient supply is insufficient in the vigorous growth period and the later growth period of the peanuts, the release of fertilizer nutrients is not coordinated with the absorption of crops, the effectiveness and the utilization rate of the nutrients in the fertilizer are seriously reduced, and the yield and the ecological safety of the peanuts are influenced.
However, it is very difficult to improve the nutrient utilization of the fertilizer in the current peanut fertilizer form and fertilization mode. Therefore, under the condition of ensuring sufficient fertilizer in the early stage, the nutrient release speed in the fertilizer in the later stage can be slowed down and the nutrient release time can be delayed, so that the fertilizer nutrient release amount and the peanut growth fertilizer absorption amount are kept at the same level, and the method is very important for improving the yield of peanuts. Although the slow release fertilizer on the market has certain effect, the yield of the peanuts is not improved to the expected level.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a special fertilizer for peanuts and a preparation method thereof, and solves the problem that the yield of peanuts is not improved to an expected level although a slow-release fertilizer in the current market has a certain effect.
The purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a special fertilizer for peanuts, which comprises a calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon inner core layer, a slow release layer and an outer cladding layer which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside; the inner calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon core layer is a mixture of a calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon composite material and calcium lignosulfonate, the slow release layer is modified polylactic acid, and the outer coating layer is a mixture of a calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon composite material and urea.
Preferably, the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight:
10-18 parts of calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon composite material, 2-4 parts of calcium lignosulfonate, 1-3 parts of slow release agent and 3-8 parts of urea;
the weight ratio of the calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and silicon composite material in the calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and silicon inner core layer and the outer cladding layer is 2-4: 1.
Preferably, the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight:
15 parts of calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon composite material, 3 parts of calcium lignosulfonate, 2 parts of slow release agent and 4 parts of urea;
the weight ratio of the calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon composite material in the calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon inner core layer and the outer cladding layer is 3: 1.
Preferably, the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon composite material is obtained by mixing calcium-magnesium-phosphorus ore obtained by ore dressing of phosphorus ore and silica into mixed ore powder and then activating the mixed ore powder by nitric acid.
Preferably, in the mixed ore powder, the weight ratio of the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus ore after the phosphorus ore is beneficiated to the silica is 2-3: 1.
Preferably, the mixed mineral powder is crushed to particles with the particle size of 100-200 meshes before activation.
Preferably, the activation process of the mixed ore powder is as follows: putting the mixed mineral powder into a rotary drum, spraying a nitric acid solution in the rotary drum while stirring, continuously mixing in the rotary drum until the mixture is uniform, and drying to obtain a calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon composite material; wherein the mass fraction of the nitric acid solution is 1-5%, and the mass ratio of the nitric acid solution to the mixed mineral powder is 1-1.5: 8-9.
Preferably, the preparation method of the modified polylactic acid comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing phenoxyacetic acid, mixing the phenoxyacetic acid with DMF (dimethyl formamide), stirring until the phenoxyacetic acid and the DMF are completely dissolved, adding mangiferin, heating to 110-130 ℃, stirring and reacting for 3-6 hours under the action of a catalyst and a water-carrying agent, removing a solvent, and purifying to obtain a mangiferin esterified substance; wherein the mass ratio of the phenoxyacetic acid to the mangiferin to the DMF is 1.52-2.24: 4.22: 30-50, and the mass ratio of the catalyst to the water-carrying agent to the phenoxyacetic acid is 2-4: 3.2-5.6: 100;
s2, weighing L-lactide and polyethylene glycol, mixing, heating to 120-150 ℃, and reacting for 4-6 hours under the catalysis of inert gas serving as protective gas and stannous octoate to obtain a polylactic acid product; wherein the mass ratio of the L-lactide to the polyethylene glycol is 1: 0.2-0.4, and the mass ratio of the stannous octoate to the L-lactide is 1-4: 100;
s3, adding the polylactic acid product into dichloromethane, fully stirring until the polylactic acid product is completely dissolved, then adding mangiferin ester, stirring for 2-5 h at room temperature, and drying to obtain modified polylactic acid; wherein the mass ratio of the polylactic acid product to the mangiferin ester to the dichloromethane is 1: 0.18-0.36: 6-10.
Preferably, the catalyst in S1 is any one of phosphomolybdic acid, phosphotungstic acid, phosphotungstate, and phosphomolybdate.
Preferably, the water-carrying agent in S1 is cyclohexane or carbon tetrachloride.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a preparation method of a special fertilizer for peanuts, which comprises the following steps:
p1, preparing the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon inner core layer:
weighing the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon composite material and the calcium lignosulfonate according to the amount, uniformly mixing, and then sequentially drying and granulating to obtain a calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon inner core layer;
p2. coating of the slow release layer:
firstly, mixing modified polylactic acid with deionized water, and stirring to form uniform emulsion, namely a modified polylactic acid reagent; then weighing the calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon inner core layer, placing the calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon inner core layer in a rotary drum, uniformly spraying a modified polylactic acid reagent while stirring, continuously mixing the calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon inner core layer in the rotary drum for at least 0.5-1 h after the modified polylactic acid reagent is completely sprayed, and then drying to obtain the calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon inner core layer coated by the slow release layer;
p3. preparation of outer cladding:
weighing the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon composite material and the urea according to the weight, adding the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon composite material and the urea into a rotary drum, fully mixing uniformly, heating until the temperature inside the rotary drum reaches 140-150 ℃, quickly adding the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon inner core layer coated by the slow release layer into the rotary drum to rotate at the speed of 50-70 rpm, stopping heating until the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon inner core layer coated by the slow release layer is completely coated, and continuously rotating the rotary drum to the room temperature to obtain the special fertilizer for peanuts.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention discloses a peanut special fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, wherein the peanut special fertilizer is prepared by sequentially arranging a calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon inner core layer, a slow release layer and an outer cladding layer from inside to outside. The calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon fertilizer can improve the utilization rate of the fertilizer for peanuts, reduce the input amount of chemical fertilizer and the amount of labor for fertilization, and can simultaneously slow down the release speed of nutrients in the fertilizer in the later period and delay the release time of the nutrients under the condition of ensuring sufficient fertilizer in the earlier period, thereby increasing the yield of the peanuts.
The calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon inner core layer mainly has the effects of providing nutrients for peanuts in soil in the later period, and comprises the components of a calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon composite material and calcium lignosulfonate, wherein the calcium lignosulfonate can enhance the dispersibility of the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon composite material and is favorable for fertilizer granulation; the slow release layer has the main functions of preventing the fertilizer in the inner core layer from losing in the early stage and gradually releasing the fertilizer in the inner core layer in the later stage, so that the slow release nutrient is realized, the main component of the slow release layer is modified polylactic acid, and the modified polylactic acid not only can degrade per se, but also can provide nutrition for peanuts; the outer coating layer has the main function of ensuring the demand of the peanuts on the fertilizer in the earlier stage, the components of the outer coating layer comprise a mixture of a calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon composite material and urea, the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon composite material and the urea can be used as nutrients, in addition, the urea is very soluble in water, the urea can be hydrolyzed into ammonium bicarbonate to be absorbed by the peanuts, but the ammonium bicarbonate is easily lost, and after the urea is mixed with the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon composite material, the internal absorption and conduction functions are increased, and the utilization rate of the urea is improved.
The main component of the slow release layer is modified polylactic acid, the polylactic acid is a novel biodegradable material, the biodegradability is good, but the hydrophilicity is poor, the degradation rate is too slow, and the slow release of the fertilizer inside is easily too slow if the polylactic acid is directly used for coating the fertilizer. According to the invention, on the basis of the existing polylactic acid structure, a polyethylene glycol block is added to form a copolymer, so that the hydrophilicity of the polylactic acid is increased, and then the mangiferin ester prepared from phenoxyacetic acid and mangiferin is inserted into polymer macromolecules, so that the degradation speed and biocompatibility of the polylactic acid are increased, and thus, the connection between a slow release layer and other layers is tighter, the polylactic acid can be degraded in a short time after being coated with a fertilizer material, the nutrient requirement of peanuts can be maintained, and the nutrient release amount and the growth fertilizer absorption amount of the peanuts are kept at the same level.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of more clearly illustrating the present invention and more clearly understanding the technical features, objects and advantages of the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will now be described in detail below, but are not to be construed as limiting the implementable scope of the present invention.
Phenoxyacetic acid is white flaky or needle crystal, naturally exists in cacao, has sour sweet flavor, and has honey-like taste. The appearance is crystalline solid, the melting point is 98-100 ℃, and the boiling point is 285 ℃ (decomposition). Phenol and monochloroacetic acid are used as raw materials, and are condensed in sodium hydroxide solution to generate sodium phenoxyacetate, and then the sodium phenoxyacetate is acidified to obtain the sodium phenoxyacetate. It can be used for preparing dye, medicine, pesticide, etc., and can also be used as bactericide.
Mangiferin, also called skimmin or mangiferin, is a carbon ketoside of tetrahydroxy pyridone, belongs to a flavonoid compound of bisphenyl pyridone, is mainly derived from dried rhizome of perennial herb rhizoma anemarrhenae of Liliaceae, leaves, fruits and barks of plants of almond and mango, roots of plants of Salacia of pterocarpus of pterocarpan and the like, and has certain antibacterial property.
Because mangiferin molecules contain a large number of hydroxyl bonds, the activity of the polylactic acid can be increased after the mangiferin molecules are fused with the polylactic acid, and the mangiferin molecules and phenoxyacetic acid have stronger bactericidal property, so that after a product obtained by condensation reaction of the mangiferin molecules and phenoxyacetic acid is doped into a polylactic acid material, the degradation rate of the polylactic acid is increased, and the antibacterial and mildew-resistant properties of the polylactic acid are increased.
The invention is further described below with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
A fertilizer special for peanuts comprises a calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon inner core layer, a slow release layer and an outer cladding layer which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside; the inner calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon core layer is a mixture of a calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon composite material and calcium lignosulfonate, the slow release layer is modified polylactic acid, and the outer coating layer is a mixture of a calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon composite material and urea. Wherein the weight ratio of the calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon composite material in the calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon inner core layer and the outer cladding layer is 3: 1.
The preparation method of the special fertilizer for peanuts comprises the following steps:
the preparation process of the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon inner core layer comprises the following steps: weighing the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon composite material and calcium lignosulfonate according to the amount, uniformly mixing, and then sequentially drying and granulating to obtain the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon inner core layer.
The coating process of the slow release layer is as follows: firstly, mixing modified polylactic acid with deionized water, and stirring to form uniform emulsion, namely a modified polylactic acid reagent; and then weighing the calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon inner core layer, placing the calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon inner core layer in a rotary drum, uniformly spraying a modified polylactic acid reagent while stirring, continuously mixing in the rotary drum for at least 0.5-1 h after completely spraying, and then drying to obtain the calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon inner core layer coated by the slow release layer.
The preparation process of the outer cladding comprises the following steps: weighing the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon composite material and urea according to the weight, adding the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon composite material and urea into a rotary drum, fully and uniformly mixing, heating until the temperature inside the rotary drum reaches 140-150 ℃, quickly adding the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon inner core layer coated by the slow release layer into the rotary drum to rotate at the speed of 50-70 rpm, stopping heating until the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon inner core layer coated by the slow release layer is completely coated, and continuously rotating the rotary drum to the room temperature to obtain the special fertilizer for peanuts.
The calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon composite material, 3 parts of calcium lignosulphonate, 2 parts of slow release agent and 4 parts of urea.
The calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon composite material is obtained by mixing calcium-magnesium-phosphorus ore after the ore dressing of phosphorus ore and silica into mixed mineral powder and then activating the mixed mineral powder by nitric acid. In the mixed ore powder, the weight ratio of the calcium magnesium phosphate ore after the phosphate ore dressing to the silica ore is 2.5: 1. The mixed mineral powder is required to be crushed into particles with the particle size of 100-200 meshes before activation. The activation process of the mixed mineral powder comprises the following steps: putting the mixed mineral powder into a rotary drum, spraying nitric acid in the rotary drum while stirring, continuously mixing in the rotary drum until the mixture is uniform, and drying to obtain a calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon composite material; wherein the mass fraction of the nitric acid is 3 percent, and the mass ratio of the nitric acid to the mixed mineral powder is 1.2: 8.5.
The preparation method of the modified polylactic acid comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing phenoxyacetic acid, mixing the phenoxyacetic acid with DMF (dimethyl formamide), stirring until the phenoxyacetic acid and the DMF are completely dissolved, adding mangiferin, heating to 110-130 ℃, stirring and reacting for 3-6 hours under the action of phosphomolybdic acid and cyclohexane, removing a solvent, and purifying to obtain a mangiferin esterified substance; wherein the mass ratio of the phenoxyacetic acid to the mangiferin to the DMF is 1.78:4.22:40, and the mass ratio of the phosphomolybdic acid to the cyclohexane to the phenoxyacetic acid is 3:4.8: 100;
s2, weighing L-lactide and polyethylene glycol, mixing, heating to 120-150 ℃, and reacting for 4-6 hours under the catalysis of inert gas serving as protective gas and stannous octoate to obtain a polylactic acid product; wherein the mass ratio of the L-lactide to the polyethylene glycol is 1:0.3, and the mass ratio of the stannous octoate to the L-lactide is 3: 100;
s3, adding the polylactic acid product into dichloromethane, fully stirring until the polylactic acid product is completely dissolved, then adding mangiferin ester, stirring for 2-5 h at room temperature, and drying to obtain modified polylactic acid; wherein the mass ratio of the polylactic acid product, the mangiferin ester and the dichloromethane is 1:0.27: 8.
Example 2
A fertilizer special for peanuts comprises a calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon inner core layer, a slow release layer and an outer cladding layer which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside; the inner calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon core layer is a mixture of a calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon composite material and calcium lignosulfonate, the slow release layer is modified polylactic acid, and the outer coating layer is a mixture of a calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon composite material and urea. Wherein the weight ratio of the calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon composite material in the calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon inner core layer and the outer cladding layer is 2: 1.
The preparation method of the special fertilizer for peanuts comprises the following steps:
the preparation process of the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon inner core layer comprises the following steps: weighing the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon composite material and calcium lignosulfonate according to the amount, uniformly mixing, and then sequentially drying and granulating to obtain the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon inner core layer.
The coating process of the slow release layer is as follows: firstly, mixing modified polylactic acid with deionized water, and stirring to form uniform emulsion, namely a modified polylactic acid reagent; and then weighing the calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon inner core layer, placing the calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon inner core layer in a rotary drum, uniformly spraying a modified polylactic acid reagent while stirring, continuously mixing in the rotary drum for at least 0.5-1 h after completely spraying, and then drying to obtain the calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon inner core layer coated by the slow release layer.
The preparation process of the outer cladding comprises the following steps: weighing the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon composite material and urea according to the weight, adding the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon composite material and urea into a rotary drum, fully and uniformly mixing, heating until the temperature inside the rotary drum reaches 140-150 ℃, quickly adding the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon inner core layer coated by the slow release layer into the rotary drum to rotate at the speed of 50-70 rpm, stopping heating until the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon inner core layer coated by the slow release layer is completely coated, and continuously rotating the rotary drum to the room temperature to obtain the special fertilizer for peanuts.
The calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight:
10 parts of calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon composite material, 2 parts of calcium lignosulphonate, 1 part of slow release agent and 3 parts of urea.
The calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon composite material is obtained by mixing calcium-magnesium-phosphorus ore after the ore dressing of phosphorus ore and silica into mixed mineral powder and then activating the mixed mineral powder by nitric acid. In the mixed mineral powder, the weight ratio of the calcium magnesium phosphate ore and the silica after the phosphate ore dressing is 2: 1. The mixed mineral powder is required to be crushed into particles with the particle size of 100-200 meshes before activation. The activation process of the mixed mineral powder comprises the following steps: putting the mixed mineral powder into a rotary drum, spraying nitric acid in the rotary drum while stirring, continuously mixing in the rotary drum until the mixture is uniform, and drying to obtain a calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon composite material; wherein the mass fraction of the nitric acid is 1 percent, and the mass ratio of the nitric acid to the mixed mineral powder is 1: 8.
The preparation method of the modified polylactic acid comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing phenoxyacetic acid, mixing the phenoxyacetic acid with DMF (dimethyl formamide), stirring until the phenoxyacetic acid and the DMF are completely dissolved, adding mangiferin, heating to 110-130 ℃, stirring and reacting for 3-6 hours under the action of phosphotungstic acid and carbon tetrachloride, removing a solvent, and purifying to obtain mangiferin esterified substance; wherein the mass ratio of the phenoxyacetic acid to the mangiferin to the DMF is 1.52:4.22:30, and the mass ratio of the phosphotungstic acid to the carbon tetrachloride to the phenoxyacetic acid is 2:3.2: 100;
s2, weighing L-lactide and polyethylene glycol, mixing, heating to 120-150 ℃, and reacting for 4-6 hours under the catalysis of inert gas serving as protective gas and stannous octoate to obtain a polylactic acid product; wherein the mass ratio of the L-lactide to the polyethylene glycol is 1:0.2, and the mass ratio of the stannous octoate to the L-lactide is 1: 100;
s3, adding the polylactic acid product into dichloromethane, fully stirring until the polylactic acid product is completely dissolved, then adding mangiferin ester, stirring for 2-5 h at room temperature, and drying to obtain modified polylactic acid; wherein the mass ratio of the polylactic acid product, the mangiferin ester and the dichloromethane is 1:0.18: 6.
Example 3
A fertilizer special for peanuts comprises a calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon inner core layer, a slow release layer and an outer cladding layer which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside; the inner calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon core layer is a mixture of a calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon composite material and calcium lignosulfonate, the slow release layer is modified polylactic acid, and the outer coating layer is a mixture of a calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon composite material and urea. Wherein the weight ratio of the calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon composite material in the calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon inner core layer and the outer cladding layer is 4: 1.
The preparation method of the special fertilizer for peanuts comprises the following steps:
the preparation process of the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon inner core layer comprises the following steps: weighing the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon composite material and calcium lignosulfonate according to the amount, uniformly mixing, and then sequentially drying and granulating to obtain the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon inner core layer.
The coating process of the slow release layer is as follows: firstly, mixing modified polylactic acid with deionized water, and stirring to form uniform emulsion, namely a modified polylactic acid reagent; and then weighing the calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon inner core layer, placing the calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon inner core layer in a rotary drum, uniformly spraying a modified polylactic acid reagent while stirring, continuously mixing in the rotary drum for at least 0.5-1 h after completely spraying, and then drying to obtain the calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon inner core layer coated by the slow release layer.
The preparation process of the outer cladding comprises the following steps: weighing the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon composite material and urea according to the weight, adding the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon composite material and urea into a rotary drum, fully and uniformly mixing, heating until the temperature inside the rotary drum reaches 140-150 ℃, quickly adding the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon inner core layer coated by the slow release layer into the rotary drum to rotate at the speed of 50-70 rpm, stopping heating until the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon inner core layer coated by the slow release layer is completely coated, and continuously rotating the rotary drum to the room temperature to obtain the special fertilizer for peanuts.
The calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight:
18 parts of calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon composite material, 4 parts of calcium lignosulfonate, 3 parts of slow release agent and 8 parts of urea.
The calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon composite material is obtained by mixing calcium-magnesium-phosphorus ore after the ore dressing of phosphorus ore and silica into mixed mineral powder and then activating the mixed mineral powder by nitric acid. In the mixed mineral powder, the weight ratio of the calcium magnesium phosphate ore and the silica after the phosphate ore dressing is 3: 1. The mixed mineral powder is required to be crushed into particles with the particle size of 100-200 meshes before activation. The activation process of the mixed mineral powder comprises the following steps: putting the mixed mineral powder into a rotary drum, spraying nitric acid in the rotary drum while stirring, continuously mixing in the rotary drum until the mixture is uniform, and drying to obtain a calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon composite material; wherein the mass fraction of the nitric acid is 5 percent, and the mass ratio of the nitric acid to the mixed mineral powder is 1.5: 9.
The preparation method of the modified polylactic acid comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing phenoxyacetic acid, mixing the phenoxyacetic acid with DMF (dimethyl formamide), stirring until the phenoxyacetic acid and the DMF are completely dissolved, adding mangiferin, heating to 110-130 ℃, stirring and reacting for 3-6 hours under the action of phosphotungstate and cyclohexane, removing a solvent, and purifying to obtain mangiferin esterified substance; wherein the mass ratio of the phenoxyacetic acid to the mangiferin to the DMF is 2.24:4.22:50, and the mass ratio of the phosphotungstate to the cyclohexane to the phenoxyacetic acid is 4:5.6: 100;
s2, weighing L-lactide and polyethylene glycol, mixing, heating to 120-150 ℃, and reacting for 4-6 hours under the catalysis of inert gas serving as protective gas and stannous octoate to obtain a polylactic acid product; wherein the mass ratio of the L-lactide to the polyethylene glycol is 1:0.4, and the mass ratio of the stannous octoate to the L-lactide is 4: 100;
s3, adding the polylactic acid product into dichloromethane, fully stirring until the polylactic acid product is completely dissolved, then adding mangiferin ester, stirring for 2-5 h at room temperature, and drying to obtain modified polylactic acid; wherein the mass ratio of the polylactic acid product, the mangiferin ester and the dichloromethane is 1:0.36: 10.
Comparative example
A fertilizer special for peanuts comprises a calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon inner core layer, a slow release layer and an outer cladding layer which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside; the inner calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon core layer is made of a mixture of a calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon composite material and calcium lignosulfonate, the slow release layer is made of polylactic acid, and the outer cladding layer is made of a mixture of a calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon composite material and urea. Wherein the weight ratio of the calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon composite material in the calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon inner core layer and the outer cladding layer is 3: 1.
The preparation method of the special fertilizer for peanuts comprises the following steps:
the preparation process of the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon inner core layer comprises the following steps: weighing the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon composite material and calcium lignosulfonate according to the amount, uniformly mixing, and then sequentially drying and granulating to obtain the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon inner core layer.
The coating process of the slow release layer is as follows: firstly, mixing polylactic acid and deionized water, and stirring to form uniform emulsion, namely a polylactic acid reagent; and then weighing the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon inner core layer, placing the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon inner core layer in a rotary drum, uniformly spraying a polylactic acid reagent while stirring, continuously mixing in the rotary drum for at least 0.5-1 h after completely spraying, and then drying to obtain the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon inner core layer coated by the slow release layer.
The preparation process of the outer cladding comprises the following steps: weighing the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon composite material and urea according to the weight, adding the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon composite material and urea into a rotary drum, fully and uniformly mixing, heating until the temperature inside the rotary drum reaches 140-150 ℃, quickly adding the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon inner core layer coated by the slow release layer into the rotary drum to rotate at the speed of 50-70 rpm, stopping heating until the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon inner core layer coated by the slow release layer is completely coated, and continuously rotating the rotary drum to the room temperature to obtain the special fertilizer for peanuts.
The calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon composite material, 3 parts of calcium lignosulphonate, 2 parts of slow release agent and 4 parts of urea.
The calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon composite material is obtained by mixing calcium-magnesium-phosphorus ore after the ore dressing of phosphorus ore and silica into mixed mineral powder and then activating the mixed mineral powder by nitric acid. In the mixed ore powder, the weight ratio of the calcium magnesium phosphate ore after the phosphate ore dressing to the silica ore is 2.5: 1. The mixed mineral powder is required to be crushed into particles with the particle size of 100-200 meshes before activation. The activation process of the mixed mineral powder comprises the following steps: putting the mixed mineral powder into a rotary drum, spraying nitric acid in the rotary drum while stirring, continuously mixing in the rotary drum until the mixture is uniform, and drying to obtain a calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon composite material; wherein the mass fraction of the nitric acid is 3 percent, and the mass ratio of the nitric acid to the mixed mineral powder is 1.2: 8.5.
In order to more clearly illustrate the content of the invention, the invention also makes the following related experiments:
experiments are respectively carried out on the special fertilizer for peanuts prepared in the examples 1-3 and the comparative example, and the experiment sites are as follows: hubei Jingmen, experiment time: 2020.4 to 2020.8, the peanut variety is Tianfu No. 3, the fertilizing amount is 75 kg/mu, and the fertilizing time is as follows: following the same application of the peanut seeding process, all other application conditions were the same, and the peanut indices were calculated at harvest time as shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1 peanut yield and results evaluation
| Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Comparative example | |
| Peanut yield (kg/mu) | 472.5 | 464.9 | 467.8 | 412.4 |
| Rice yield (%) | 72.4 | 71.8 | 72.2 | 69.3 |
| Percentage of fruit saturation (%) | 68.7 | 68.2 | 69.1 | 62.2 |
| Number of results of Individual plants | 13.2 | 12.9 | 13.1 | 12.0 |
As can be seen from table 1 above, the special fertilizer for peanuts in the embodiments 1 to 3 of the present invention has higher mass production, rice yield, plumpness and number of individual plant evaluation results, and the reason may be that the special slow release fertilizer for peanuts in the embodiments 1 to 3 of the present invention has a better slow release effect compared to the comparative example, and the consistency of the fertilizer nutrient release amount and the fertilizer absorption amount for peanut growth is higher.
In addition, in order to more intuitively explain the present invention, the slow release effect of the special fertilizer is judged according to the release amount of nitrogen elements in different fertilizers, and the result is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 Nitrogen release rates for different fertilizers
| Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Comparative example | |
| Day 10 (%) | 10.7 | 9.8 | 10.2 | 8.2 |
| Day 30 (%) | 24.5 | 21.4 | 24.8 | 17.4 |
| Day 60 (%) | 61.7 | 58.3 | 63.9 | 38.5 |
| Day 120 (%) | 97.2 | 96.7 | 98.1 | 64.8 |
As is apparent from Table 2, the peanut extract of the present invention of examples 1 to 3 can be gradually and completely released in the growth period of peanuts, and thus, a very good sustained release effect can be achieved.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The fertilizer special for peanuts is characterized by comprising a calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon inner core layer, a slow release layer and an outer cladding layer which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside; the inner calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon core layer is a mixture of a calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon composite material and calcium lignosulfonate, the slow release layer is modified polylactic acid, and the outer coating layer is a mixture of a calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon composite material and urea.
2. The special fertilizer for peanuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight:
10-18 parts of calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon composite material, 2-4 parts of calcium lignosulfonate, 1-3 parts of slow release agent and 3-8 parts of urea;
the weight ratio of the calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and silicon composite material in the calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and silicon inner core layer and the outer cladding layer is 2-4: 1.
3. The special fertilizer for peanuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight:
15 parts of calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon composite material, 3 parts of calcium lignosulfonate, 2 parts of slow release agent and 4 parts of urea;
the weight ratio of the calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon composite material in the calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon inner core layer and the outer cladding layer is 3: 1.
4. The fertilizer special for peanuts according to claim 1, wherein the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon composite material is obtained by mixing calcium-magnesium-phosphorus ore obtained by mineral separation of phosphate ore with silica to obtain mixed ore powder and activating the mixed ore powder with nitric acid.
5. The special fertilizer for peanuts according to claim 4, wherein in the mixed ore powder, the weight ratio of the calcium magnesium phosphate ore after the phosphate ore is beneficiated to the silica is 2-3: 1.
6. The special fertilizer for peanuts as claimed in claim 4, wherein the mixed mineral powder is pulverized into particles with a particle size of 100-200 meshes before activation.
7. The fertilizer special for peanuts as claimed in claim 4, wherein the activation process of the mixed mineral powder is as follows: putting the mixed mineral powder into a rotary drum, spraying a nitric acid solution in the rotary drum while stirring, continuously mixing in the rotary drum until the mixture is uniform, and drying to obtain a calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon composite material; wherein the mass fraction of the nitric acid solution is 1-5%, and the mass ratio of the nitric acid solution to the mixed mineral powder is 1-1.5: 8-9.
8. The fertilizer special for peanuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the modified polylactic acid comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing phenoxyacetic acid, mixing the phenoxyacetic acid with DMF (dimethyl formamide), stirring until the phenoxyacetic acid and the DMF are completely dissolved, adding mangiferin, heating to 110-130 ℃, stirring and reacting for 3-6 hours under the action of a catalyst and a water-carrying agent, removing a solvent, and purifying to obtain a mangiferin esterified substance; wherein the mass ratio of the phenoxyacetic acid to the mangiferin to the DMF is 1.52-2.24: 4.22: 30-50, and the mass ratio of the catalyst to the water-carrying agent to the phenoxyacetic acid is 2-4: 3.2-5.6: 100;
s2, weighing L-lactide and polyethylene glycol, mixing, heating to 120-150 ℃, and reacting for 4-6 hours under the catalysis of inert gas serving as protective gas and stannous octoate to obtain a polylactic acid product; wherein the mass ratio of the L-lactide to the polyethylene glycol is 1: 0.2-0.4, and the mass ratio of the stannous octoate to the L-lactide is 1-4: 100;
s3, adding the polylactic acid product into dichloromethane, fully stirring until the polylactic acid product is completely dissolved, then adding mangiferin ester, stirring for 2-5 h at room temperature, and drying to obtain modified polylactic acid; wherein the mass ratio of the polylactic acid product to the mangiferin ester to the dichloromethane is 1: 0.18-0.36: 6-10.
9. The fertilizer special for peanuts as claimed in claim 8, wherein the catalyst in S1 is any one of phosphomolybdic acid, phosphotungstic acid, phosphotungstate and phosphomolybdate.
10. The preparation method of the special peanut fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the following steps:
p1, preparing the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon inner core layer:
weighing the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon composite material and the calcium lignosulfonate according to the amount, uniformly mixing, and then sequentially drying and granulating to obtain a calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon inner core layer;
p2. coating of the slow release layer:
firstly, mixing modified polylactic acid with deionized water, and stirring to form uniform emulsion, namely a modified polylactic acid reagent; then weighing the calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon inner core layer, placing the calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon inner core layer in a rotary drum, uniformly spraying a modified polylactic acid reagent while stirring, continuously mixing the calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon inner core layer in the rotary drum for at least 0.5-1 h after the modified polylactic acid reagent is completely sprayed, and then drying to obtain the calcium magnesium phosphorus silicon inner core layer coated by the slow release layer;
p3. preparation of outer cladding:
weighing the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon composite material and the urea according to the weight, adding the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon composite material and the urea into a rotary drum, fully mixing uniformly, heating until the temperature inside the rotary drum reaches 140-150 ℃, quickly adding the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon inner core layer coated by the slow release layer into the rotary drum to rotate at the speed of 50-70 rpm, stopping heating until the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-silicon inner core layer coated by the slow release layer is completely coated, and continuously rotating the rotary drum to the room temperature to obtain the special fertilizer for peanuts.
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