CN114133213A - Iron tailing ceramsite and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Iron tailing ceramsite and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114133213A CN114133213A CN202111338091.6A CN202111338091A CN114133213A CN 114133213 A CN114133213 A CN 114133213A CN 202111338091 A CN202111338091 A CN 202111338091A CN 114133213 A CN114133213 A CN 114133213A
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- ceramsite
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- iron tailing
- tailing
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrosoferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009768 microwave sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
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- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of comprehensive utilization of iron tailing resources, and mainly relates to iron tailing ceramsite and a preparation method thereof. The invention comprises the following steps: uniformly stirring the raw materials according to a set mass percentage, adding water for mixing to obtain a mixed material, putting the mixed material into a disc pelletizer to prepare an iron tailing ceramsite spherical material, drying the obtained ceramsite, cooling to room temperature, putting the ceramsite into an industrial microwave oven for microwave heating treatment, and cooling to obtain the iron tailing spherical ceramsite with good particle size distribution. The method can not only fully utilize the solid waste iron tailings, but also greatly improve the added value of the solid waste, realize the recycling of the solid waste, reduce the field resources occupied by landfill, and make a contribution to environmental protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of tailing resources, in particular to iron tailing ceramsite and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The iron tailings are solid wastes discharged after the iron ore dressing plant recovers the concentrate, and are one of the most main solid wastes of the iron mine. A large amount of iron tailings are accumulated in the mining production process, so that the method not only occupies the land and pollutes the environment, but also has huge potential safety hazard.
The iron ore resources in China are abundant in reserves, but the quality is low, the components are complex and difficult to separate, and the utilization rate is extremely low, so that a large amount of tailing waste materials, namely iron tailings, can be discharged in the process of separating iron ore from iron ore concentrates. Due to technical limitations, iron tailings are generally treated by packing.
In recent years, the consumption of iron ore is increasing day by day, and the discharge amount of iron tailings is also increasing year by year. According to statistics, in 2018, the total yield of iron tailings in China is about 4.76 hundred million tons, and compared with other tailings, the proportion of the iron tailings is the largest. Therefore, the efficient and environment-friendly resource recycling of the iron tailings not only can generate certain economic benefit, but also has important significance for social sustainability development.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides iron tailing ceramsite and a preparation method thereof.
The iron tailing ceramsite comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 9-45% of iron tailings, 42-78% of fly ash, 2.5-3.5% of magnetic nano material and the balance of adhesive material.
Preferably, the raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 9-27% of iron tailings, 60-78% of fly ash, 2.5-3.5% of magnetic nano material and the balance of adhesive material.
Preferably, the adhesive material comprises: cement, gypsum, quicklime and instant sodium silicate.
Preferably, the raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 9-45% of iron tailings, 42-78% of fly ash, 2.5-3.5% of magnetic nano material, 4.5-5.5% of cement, 1.5-2.5% of gypsum, 2-3% of quicklime and 0.3-0.7% of instant sodium silicate.
Preferably, the raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 9-45% of iron tailings, 42-78% of fly ash, 3% of magnetic nano material, 5.5% of cement, 2% of gypsum, 2% of quicklime and 0.5% of instant sodium silicate.
Preferably, the raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 9-45% of iron tailings, 42-78% of fly ash, 3% of magnetic nano material, 5% of cement, 2% of gypsum, 2.5% of quicklime and 0.5% of instant sodium silicate.
Preferably, the cement is P.O 52.5.5 portland cement.
Preferably, the magnetic nano material is nano ferroferric oxide.
Preferably, the bulk density is 745.95-1105.73kg/m3The apparent density is 1369.13-1481.37kg/m3The water absorption rate is 22.04-27.43%, and the particle strength is 0.6037-1.2120 MPa.
The preparation method of the iron tailing ceramsite comprises the following steps:
s1, sieving the dried iron tailings to obtain iron tailing fine materials;
s2, uniformly mixing the iron tailing fine materials with the fly ash, the gypsum, the quick lime, the instant sodium silicate and the magnetic nano material, adding water and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed material;
s3, pelletizing the mixed material, standing for 10-14h, and drying to obtain spherical ceramsite;
s4, performing microwave cyclic heating on the spherical ceramsite, wherein the microwave power is 3000 plus 5000W, performing cyclic heating for 4-5 times, each time heating for 2.5-3.5min, and cooling to obtain the iron tailing ceramsite.
Because the traditional heating method of the rotary kiln and the like transfers heat energy to a heated object by a heating body in a convection, conduction or radiation mode to enable the heated object to reach a certain temperature, the heat is transferred from outside to inside, the sintering time is long, fine grains are difficult to obtain, and micro cracks are easy to generate in the ceramsite due to uneven heating in the heating process.
The invention utilizes the microwave to sinter the ceramsite, not only has higher energy utilization efficiency, does not generate combustion waste, is environment-friendly, but also effectively combines the magnetic nano material with the microwave sintering, and the magnetic nano material is uniformly distributed in the ceramsite to promote the ceramsite to effectively absorb microwave energy, thereby not only improving the sintering temperature of the ceramsite, avoiding the phenomenon of nonuniform heating, avoiding the generation of microcracks in the ceramsite, but also improving the heating speed of the ceramsite in the heating process, promoting the sintering efficiency to be further improved, shortening the sintering time, obtaining a fine grain structure, and having good economic benefit and environmental protection effect.
Preferably, in S1, a square mesh sieve with a mesh size of 0.6mm is used.
Preferably, in S2, the mass-to-volume ratio (kg: mL) of the raw material to the water is: 950-1050.
Preferably, in S3, a disk pelletizer is used for pelletizing, and the pelletizing time is 5-15 min.
Preferably, in S3, the drying temperature is 100-105 ℃, and the drying time is 6-8 h.
Preferably, in S4, the microwave power is 4000W, and the number of microwave cycles is 5.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the method can not only fully utilize the solid waste iron tailings, but also greatly improve the added value of the solid waste, realize the recycling of the iron tailings, reduce the field resources occupied by landfill, and contribute to environmental protection.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples.
The compositions of the raw materials used in examples 1-5 are shown in the following table:
the preparation method of the iron tailing ceramsite of the embodiment 1-5 comprises the following steps:
s1, sieving the dried iron tailings by using a 0.6mm square-hole sieve to obtain iron tailing fine materials;
s2, uniformly mixing the iron tailing fine material with fly ash, gypsum, quick lime, instant sodium silicate and a magnetic nano material to obtain a powdery material; adding 270g of water into each kilogram of powdery material, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed material;
s3, adding the mixed material into a disc pelletizer for pelletizing, wherein the pelletizing time is 10min, standing for 12h, and drying at 105 ℃ for 6-8h to obtain spherical ceramsite;
and S4, cooling the spherical ceramsite to room temperature, then placing the spherical ceramsite into an industrial microwave oven for microwave cyclic heating, wherein the microwave power is 4000W, cyclically heating for 5 times, heating for 3min each time, and cooling to obtain the iron tailing ceramsite.
The temperatures after each heating cycle for examples 1-5 are shown in the following table:
as the nano ferroferric oxide is used as a magnetic nano material, the microwave energy can be effectively absorbed in the microwave cyclic heating process, so that the temperature is continuously increased during the previous 3 times of cyclic heating; however, with the continuous rise of the heating temperature of the previous 3 times of circulation, particularly after the temperature exceeds 750 ℃, the nano ferroferric oxide is partially decomposed and the active substances are sintered, so that the microwave absorption capacity of the ceramsite is reduced, and finally, the temperature is reduced when the ceramsite is heated by the subsequent microwaves.
The performance of the ceramsite obtained in examples 1-5 was tested, and the concrete results were as follows:
generally, the more pores of the ceramsite, the higher the water absorption rate, but the strength is decreased. However, according to the method, as the total proportion of the iron tailings in the raw materials is increased continuously, the proportion of larger pores and closed pores of the obtained ceramsite is increased continuously, and the phenomenon that the water absorption rate and the particle strength are reduced synchronously is generated.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The iron tailing ceramsite is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 9-45% of iron tailings, 42-78% of fly ash, 2.5-3.5% of magnetic nano material and the balance of adhesive material.
2. The iron tailing ceramsite of claim 1, wherein the bonding material comprises: cement, gypsum, quicklime and instant sodium silicate.
3. The iron tailing ceramsite of claim 2, which is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 9-45% of iron tailings, 42-78% of fly ash, 2.5-3.5% of magnetic nano material, 4.5-5.5% of cement, 1.5-2.5% of gypsum, 2-3% of quicklime and 0.3-0.7% of instant sodium silicate.
4. The iron tailing ceramsite of claim 1 or 3, wherein the cement is P.O 52.5.5 Portland cement.
5. The iron tailing ceramsite according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the magnetic nano material is nano ferroferric oxide.
6. The iron tailing ceramsite of claim 1, wherein the bulk density is 745.95-1105.73kg/m3The apparent density is 1369.13-1481.37kg/m3The water absorption rate is 22.04-27.43%, and the particle strength is 0.6037-1.2120 MPa.
7. The preparation method of the iron tailing ceramsite as defined in any one of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, sieving the dried iron tailings to obtain iron tailing fine materials;
s2, uniformly mixing the iron tailing fine materials with the fly ash, the gypsum, the quick lime, the instant sodium silicate and the magnetic nano material, adding water and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed material;
s3, pelletizing the mixed material, standing for 10-14h, and drying to obtain spherical ceramsite;
s4, performing microwave cyclic heating on the spherical ceramsite, wherein the microwave power is 3000 plus 5000W, performing cyclic heating for 4-5 times, each time heating for 2.5-3.5min, and cooling to obtain the iron tailing ceramsite.
8. The method for preparing the ceramsite from the iron tailings according to claim 7, wherein a square-hole sieve with a 0.6mm mesh is adopted in S1.
9. The method for preparing ceramsite from iron tailings according to claim 7, wherein in S3, balling is carried out by using a disk balling machine, and the balling time is 5-15 min.
10. The method for preparing ceramsite of claim 7, wherein the drying temperature in S3 is 100-105 ℃, and the drying time is 6-8 h.
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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| WO2021217784A1 (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2021-11-04 | 南京钜力智能制造技术研究院有限公司 | Fly ash solid waste fiber unfired ceramsite and manufacturing method therefor |
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| CN108821621A (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2018-11-16 | 长安大学 | A kind of light high-strength haydite and preparation method |
| CN110683835A (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2020-01-14 | 太原科技大学 | Method for preparing spherical magnetic ceramic composite microwave absorbing material by using fly ash |
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