CN114130983A - A back pressure type high vacuum pressure casting injection device and casting method - Google Patents
A back pressure type high vacuum pressure casting injection device and casting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114130983A CN114130983A CN202111580137.5A CN202111580137A CN114130983A CN 114130983 A CN114130983 A CN 114130983A CN 202111580137 A CN202111580137 A CN 202111580137A CN 114130983 A CN114130983 A CN 114130983A
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- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005495 investment casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
- B22D17/2015—Means for forcing the molten metal into the die
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/14—Machines with evacuated die cavity
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
- B22D17/30—Accessories for supplying molten metal, e.g. in rations
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种背压式高真空压力铸造压射装置及铸造方法，其特征在于包括：压室，压射冲头，压射活塞杆、分流锥、纯惰性气体供给装置和油性气体供给装置；通过产生气体背压，一方面阻止金属液进入压射冲头和压室内壁的间隙中；另一方面形成背压气室，将升液管中的金属液与压室和压射冲头分隔，避免高温金属液与压室和压射冲头长时间直接接触。本发明旨在高真空压力铸造过程中，同时实现压室内部良好密封性和压射冲头的灵活通过性，延长密封元件寿命；并且，在连续铸造过程中，加压保温炉内压力保持恒定，无需频繁增压和泄压。
The invention discloses a back-pressure high-vacuum pressure casting injection device and a casting method, which are characterized by comprising: a pressure chamber, an injection punch, an injection piston rod, a shunt cone, a pure inert gas supply device and an oily gas supply device; by generating gas back pressure, on the one hand, the metal liquid is prevented from entering the gap between the injection punch and the inner wall of the pressure chamber; Separated to avoid long-term direct contact between high-temperature metal liquid and pressure chamber and injection punch. The invention aims to achieve good sealing inside the pressure chamber and flexible passage of the injection punch during the high-vacuum pressure casting process at the same time, so as to prolong the life of the sealing element; and, during the continuous casting process, the pressure in the pressurized holding furnace is kept constant. , without frequent pressurization and depressurization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-vacuum pressure casting, in particular to an injection device and a die-casting method which are convenient to seal and can provide back pressure. Is suitable for die casting and extrusion.
Background
Die casting is a precision casting method that forces molten metal into a metal mold having a complicated shape by high pressure. The method has the advantages of short die-casting forming period, high production efficiency and the like, but because the filling speed of the molten metal is high, the gas in the die cavity and the gas precipitated from the molten metal cannot be exhausted in time, shrinkage cavities are generated inside the casting, the mechanical property and the internal quality of the casting are reduced, and the application field of the die-casting is limited.
In order to avoid the occurrence of porosity defects inside the casting, a casting method of vacuum die casting has been proposed and successfully solved the porosity problem. The key technology of high vacuum die casting is to reduce the vacuum degree of a pressure chamber and a cavity and maintain the high vacuum state below 5 Kpa.
Application studies in this respect have been long, as described in cited patent 1 to cited patent 3.
Because the casting process is frequently subjected to heat and force impact, the technology cannot realize that the sealing performance of the pressure chamber is stably maintained; particularly, the injection punch head is required to frequently move in the pressure chamber while ensuring good sealing performance with the pressure chamber, and the sealing element often has the problems of abrasion and failure, so that the continuous working stability and reliability of the high-vacuum pressure casting equipment are influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a back pressure type high vacuum pressure casting injection device and a casting method. The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: preventing molten metal from entering a gap between the injection punch and the inner wall of the pressure chamber by forming a gas back pressure; meanwhile, the back pressure air chamber separates the molten metal in the lift tube from the pressure chamber and the injection punch, so that the high-temperature molten metal is prevented from being in direct contact with the pressure chamber and the injection punch for a long time. The technical characteristics can ensure the vacuum degrees of the pressure chamber and the cavity, enhance the sealing property of the pressure chamber and prolong the service life of the sealing element; meanwhile, the pressure in the pressurizing and heat-preserving furnace can be kept constant in the continuous casting process, and frequent pressurization and pressure relief are not needed.
The invention adopts the specific technical scheme that: a back pressure high vacuum die casting injection device includes: the device comprises a pressure chamber, an injection punch, an injection piston rod, a shunt cone, a pure inert gas supply device and an oily gas supply device; an accommodating space is arranged in the pressure chamber; a pouring opening is arranged below the pressure chamber and also used as a riser tube mounting interface; a vacuumizing port is arranged above the pressure chamber and is communicated with a vacuumizing device; the injection plunger is positioned in the pressure chamber, and the injection plunger and the injection piston rod are connected to one side of the pressure chamber through threads and move along the length direction of the pressure chamber; the shunting cone is arranged on the other side of the pressure chamber and moves along the length direction of the pressure chamber to open and close the pressure chamber;
an axial blind hole A is formed in the lower side of the cylindrical surface of the injection punch and is communicated with a pouring gate below the pressure chamber, and the axial blind hole A is communicated with a radial blind hole B in the injection punch; the radial blind hole B is connected with an axial channel C inside the injection piston rod; the tail end of the axial channel C is connected with a pure inert gas supply device; the inert gas introduced into the pouring port of the pressure chamber can provide the function of back pressure, so that a certain distance is reserved between the molten metal in the lift tube and the pressure chamber, and the time for the pressure chamber and the punch head to contact the high-temperature molten metal can be reduced; in addition, when the introduced inert gas and the molten metal enter the pressure chamber together, the molten metal can be washed to remove the gas melted in the molten metal, and the probability of generation of pores in the casting can be reduced;
two radial blind holes are formed in the upper side of the outer cylindrical surface of the injection punch and are communicated with the axial blind holes in the injection punch; the axial blind hole is connected with an axial channel inside the injection piston rod and is connected with an oily inert gas supply device;
the outer circumferential surface of the injection punch is symmetrically provided with a heat-resistant sealing washer A and a heat-resistant sealing washer B; the heat-resistant sealing washer A and the heat-resistant sealing washer B are arranged on two sides of the outer circumferential surface of the injection punch and are 100-200 mm away from the end surface of the injection punch;
when the punch drives the sealing washer to move rapidly, a gap is easily generated between the upper part of the sealing washer and the pressure chamber under the action of gravity, so that external gas enters the pressure chamber and the cavity, and the vacuum degree is reduced; the introduced oily inert gas generates a back pressure effect in the middle of the heat-resistant sealing washer, so that the sealing washer and the pressure chamber are more compact, and the sealing effect is enhanced. In addition, the oily inert gas can also cool the sealing ring and the punch, so that the service life of the sealing ring and the punch can be prolonged.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the device structure.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged partial schematic view of the shot punch.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a half-open state of the tap cone.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a back pressure plenum within the lift tube.
In the figure, 1, a piston rod is injected; 2, injecting a punch; 3, a pressure chamber; 4, a shunt cone; 5, combining an expansion ring A; 6, heat-resistant sealing gasket A; 7, heat-resistant sealing gasket B; 8, combining an expansion ring B; 9, pure inert gas supply device; 10, an oily inert gas supply device; 11, an air valve A; 12, an air valve B; 110, axial channel a; 120, axial channel B; 210, radial blind hole A; 220, axial blind hole A; 231 radial blind holes B; 232, radial blind hole C; 240, axial blind hole B; 310, a sprue gate; 320, a vacuum pumping port; 399, a riser tube; 400, molten metal; 401, a back pressure plenum.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The first embodiment.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a back pressure type high vacuum pressure casting injection device, comprising: a pressure chamber 3, an injection punch 2, an injection piston rod 1, a splitter cone 4, a pure inert gas supply device 9 and an oily gas supply device 10.
As shown in fig. 4, a receiving space is provided in the pressure chamber 3; a pouring gate 310 is arranged below the pressure chamber 3; the pouring gate 310 communicates with a lift tube 399; the other end of the liquid lifting pipe 399 is inserted into the pressurizing holding furnace and is positioned below the liquid level of the molten metal in the furnace;
a vacuumizing port 320 is arranged above the pressure chamber 3, and the vacuumizing port 320 is connected with a vacuumizing device;
the injection punch 2 is positioned in the pressure chamber 3; the injection punch 2 is connected with the injection piston rod 1 through threads and moves in the pressure chamber 3 along the length direction of the pressure chamber 3; the shunting cone 4 is arranged at the other side of the pressure chamber 3, moves along the length direction of the pressure chamber 3 and opens or closes the pressure chamber 3;
a radial blind hole A210 is formed in the lower side of the cylindrical surface of the injection punch 2;
the radial blind hole A210 is positioned in the middle of the body of the injection punch 2 and is communicated with an axial blind hole A220 inside the injection punch; the axial blind hole A220 is connected with an axial channel A110 inside the injection piston rod 1;
the tail end of the axial channel A110 is sequentially connected with a gas valve A11 and a pure inert gas supply device 9;
the technical features of this embodiment further include: the upper side of the outer cylindrical surface of the injection punch head 2 is provided with a radial blind hole B231 and a radial blind hole C232; the two radial blind holes are communicated with an axial blind hole B240 in the injection punch 2; the axial blind hole B240 is connected with an axial channel B120 inside the injection piston rod 1;
the tail end of the axial channel B120 is sequentially connected with a gas valve B12 and the oily inert gas supply device 10;
as shown in fig. 2, the injection device further comprises: the outer circumferential surface of the injection punch 2 is symmetrically provided with a heat-resistant sealing gasket 6 and a heat-resistant sealing gasket 7; the heat-resistant sealing washer 6 and the heat-resistant sealing washer 7 are arranged on two sides of the outer circumferential surface of the injection punch and are 100mm-200mm away from the end surface of the injection punch;
the opening position of the radial blind hole A210 at the lower side of the outer cylindrical surface of the injection punch 2 is positioned between the heat-resistant sealing gasket A6 and the heat-resistant sealing gasket B7;
the opening positions of the upper radial blind hole B231 and the radial blind hole C232 of the outer cylindrical surface of the injection punch 2 are respectively located in the middle of the heat-resistant sealing gasket a6 and the heat-resistant sealing gasket B7.
As shown in fig. 2, the injection device further comprises: the outer circumferential surface of the injection punch 2 is symmetrically provided with a combined expansion ring A5 and a combined expansion ring B8; the combined expansion ring A5 and the combined expansion ring B8 are respectively formed by sleeving a layer of beryllium bronze ring on a layer of die steel ring, are respectively arranged at two ends of the injection punch 2 and are flush with the end face of the injection punch 2;
the back pressure type high vacuum pressure casting injection device comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing casting, as shown in figure 1;
one side of the pressure chamber 3 is sealed by the shunting cone 4;
the lower radial blind hole A210 of the outer cylindrical surface of the injection punch 2 is communicated with a pouring gate 310 below the pressure chamber 3; the oily inert gas supply device 10 and the pure inert gas supply device 9 supply gas; opening an air valve A11 and an air valve B12;
the oily inert gas flows through the axial channel B120, the axial blind hole B240 in the injection punch 2, the radial blind hole B231 and the radial blind hole C232 on the upper side of the outer cylindrical surface of the injection punch 2 to reach the middles of the heat-resistant sealing gasket A6 and the heat-resistant sealing gasket B7; lubricating oil micro-droplets in the oily inert gas enter gaps among the heat-resistant sealing gasket A6, the heat-resistant sealing gasket B7 and the inner wall of the pressure chamber 3 to generate gas back pressure, so that better sealing performance of the punch is realized; produces a lubricating effect and increases the service life of the sealing element and the punch;
meanwhile, the oily inert gas generates gas back pressure to prevent metal residues and particulate dust in the pressure chamber 3 from entering a gap between the heat-resistant sealing gasket B7 and the inner wall of the pressure chamber 3;
pure inert gas flows through the axial channel A110, the axial blind hole A220 in the injection punch 2 and the radial blind hole A210 on the upper side of the outer cylindrical surface of the injection punch 2 to enter the sprue gate 310;
as shown in fig. 4, the pure inert gas generates gas back pressure to form a back pressure gas chamber 401, which separates the molten metal 400 in the lift tube 399 from the pressure chamber 3 and prevents the high temperature molten metal 400 from directly contacting the pressure chamber 3 and the injection punch 2 for a long time;
the vacuumizing device works, the pressure chamber 3 and the inside of the cavity form vacuum, and the vacuum degree is lower than 5 kPa;
step two, filling liquid in a pressure chamber; the injection piston rod 1 is horizontally pulled out of the pressure chamber 3 to drive the injection punch 2 to retreat in the direction away from the spreader cone 4, and the pouring gate 310 is communicated with the pressure chamber 3; meanwhile, the vacuum-pumping device communicated with the vacuum-pumping port 320 above the pressure chamber is closed;
because the pressure of the molten metal 400 is higher than that of the pressure chamber 3, under the action of the pressure, the pure inert gas in the back pressure gas chamber 401 enters the pressure chamber 3 through the pouring port 310; the molten metal in the pressurizing and heat-preserving furnace also enters the pressure chamber 3 through the liquid lifting pipe; when the pressure in the pressurizing and heat-preserving furnace is balanced with the pressure in the pressure chamber 3, more molten metal 400 cannot enter the pressure chamber 3; however, since the pure inert gas does not chemically react with the molten metal 400 and the solubility of the pure inert gas in the molten metal 400 is low, the pure inert gas is accumulated at the top of the inner space of the pressure chamber 3.
And step three, opening the shunt cone. The shunting cone 4 translates towards the direction far away from the pressure chamber 3; because of the pressure difference between the pressure chamber 3 and the cavity, the molten metal 400 in the pressure chamber 3 enters the cavity; in the process that the molten metal 400 in the pressure chamber 3 enters the cavity, the injection piston rod 1 drives the injection punch head to translate towards the direction of the sprue spreader 4, and high vacuum pressure casting is carried out according to the preset process of quick pressing, pressurization, pressure maintaining and cooling.
Example two.
The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in technical characteristics that:
the section of the shunt cone 4 is trapezoidal, and the bottom angle of the contact side of the shunt cone and the molten metal is 45-92 degrees;
when the secondary pressure chamber is filled with liquid, the shunting cone 4 is opened in advance;
the shunt cone 4 is started in advance, namely the shunt cone 4 translates 0.1-10mm in the direction far away from the pressure chamber 3; then, the pure inert gas gathered at the top of the pressure chamber 3 in the first step can enter the cavity in advance through the shunt cone 4 and the small gap opened at the upper side of the pressure chamber, and then is exhausted by a vacuumizing device connected with the cavity;
when the liquid flushing of the pressure chamber 3 is completed, the shunting cone 4 is closed again, only a small amount of pure inert gas remains in the pressure chamber, and then the shunting cone opening operation of the step three is carried out.
The pure inert gas described in examples one and two is preferably one or a mixture of argon and nitrogen; the gas supply pressure of the pure inert gas is less than the pressure in the pressurizing and holding furnace; the gas supply pressure of the pure inert gas is controlled to be 50-98% of the injection pressure of the pressure in the pressurizing and heat preserving furnace; the greater the supply pressure of the pure inert gas, the greater the volume of the back pressure plenum 401 that is created.
The oily inert gas described in the first embodiment and the second embodiment is preferably one or a mixture of argon and nitrogen; the supply pressure of the oily inert gas is greater than the maximum pressure in the pressure chamber 3; the gas supply pressure of the oily inert gas is controlled to be 1.1 to 1.5 times of the injection pressure; and oily inert gas is doped with lubricating oil droplets, the total volume of the lubricating oil droplets accounts for not less than 10% of the total volume of the mixed gas, and the diameter of the lubricating oil droplets is 5-50 microns.
In the implementation process of the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the pressure in the pressurizing and heat-preserving furnace is kept constant, and frequent pressurization and pressure relief are not needed.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, therefore, all equivalent technical solutions also belong to the scope of the invention, and the scope of the invention is defined by the claims.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a device is penetrated in back pressure type high vacuum die casting which characterized in that includes: the device comprises a pressure chamber (3), an injection punch head (2), an injection piston rod (1), a shunt cone (4), a pure inert gas supply device (9) and an oily gas supply device (10);
the pressure chamber (3) is provided with an accommodating space; a pouring port (310) is arranged below the pressure chamber (3), and the pouring port (310) is communicated with the liquid lifting pipe (399); the other end of the liquid lifting pipe 399 is inserted into the pressurizing holding furnace and is positioned below the liquid level of the molten metal in the furnace; the pressure in the pressurizing and heat-preserving furnace is kept constant;
a vacuum pumping port (320) is arranged above the pressure chamber (3); the vacuumizing port (320) is connected with a vacuumizing device;
the injection punch head (2) is positioned in the pressure chamber 3; the injection punch head (2) is connected with the injection piston rod (1) and moves in the pressure chamber (3) along the length direction of the pressure chamber (3); the shunting cone (4) is arranged at the other side of the pressure chamber (3) and moves along the length direction of the pressure chamber (3) to open or close the pressure chamber (3);
a radial blind hole A (210) is formed in the lower side of the cylindrical surface of the injection punch head (2);
the radial blind hole A (210) is positioned in the middle of the injection punch head (2) body and is communicated with the axial blind hole A (220) inside the injection punch head (2); the axial blind hole A (220) is connected with an axial channel A (110) inside the injection piston rod (1); the tail end of the axial channel A (110) is sequentially connected with a gas valve A (11) and a pure inert gas supply device (9);
a radial blind hole B (231) and a radial blind hole C (232) are formed in the upper side of the outer cylindrical surface of the injection punch head (2); the two radial blind holes are communicated with an axial blind hole B (240) in the injection punch head (2); the axial blind hole B (240) is connected with an axial channel B (120) inside the injection piston rod (1); the tail end of the axial channel B (120) is sequentially connected with a gas valve B (12) and an oily inert gas supply device (10).
2. The back pressure type high vacuum pressure casting injection apparatus as defined in claim 1 wherein the injection punch (2) is provided with a heat-resistant seal gasket (6) and a heat-resistant seal gasket (7) symmetrically on the outer peripheral surface thereof; the heat-resistant sealing washer (6) and the heat-resistant sealing washer (7) are arranged on two sides of the outer circumferential surface of the injection punch head and are 100mm-200mm away from the end surface of the injection punch head;
the opening position of a radial blind hole A (210) at the lower side of the outer cylindrical surface of the injection punch head (2) is positioned between a heat-resistant sealing gasket A (6) and a heat-resistant sealing gasket B (7);
the opening positions of the radial blind hole B (231) and the radial blind hole C (232) on the upper side of the outer cylindrical surface of the injection punch (2) are respectively positioned in the middle of the heat-resistant sealing washer A (6) and the heat-resistant sealing washer B (7).
3. A back pressure high vacuum pressure casting injection device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: a combined expansion ring A (5) and a combined expansion ring B (8) are symmetrically arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the injection punch head (2); the combined expansion ring A (5) and the combined expansion ring B (8) are respectively formed by sleeving a layer of beryllium bronze ring on a layer of die steel ring, are respectively arranged at two ends of the injection punch head (2), and are flush with the end face of the injection punch head (2).
4. A back pressure high vacuum pressure casting injection device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: the section of the splitter cone (4) is trapezoidal, and the bottom angle of the side contacting molten metal is 45-92 degrees.
5. A high vacuum pressure casting method using the apparatus of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
step one, preparing for casting; one side of the pressure chamber (3) is sealed by the shunting cone (4);
a radial blind hole A (210) at the lower side of the outer cylindrical surface of the injection punch head (2) is communicated with a pouring gate (310) below the pressure chamber (3); an oily inert gas supply device (10) and a pure inert gas supply device (9) are used for supplying gas; opening an air valve A (11) and an air valve B (12);
oily inert gas flows through the axial channel B (120), the axial blind hole B (240) in the injection punch head (2), the radial blind hole B (231) and the radial blind hole C (232) on the upper side of the outer cylindrical surface of the injection punch head (2) to reach the middle parts of the heat-resistant sealing washer A (6) and the heat-resistant sealing washer B (7); lubricating oil micro-droplets in the oily inert gas enter gaps among the heat-resistant sealing gasket A (6), the heat-resistant sealing gasket B (7) and the inner wall of the pressure chamber (3) to generate gas back pressure, so that metal residues and particulate dust in the pressure chamber (3) are prevented from entering the gaps among the heat-resistant sealing gasket B (7) and the inner wall of the pressure chamber (3);
pure inert gas flows through the axial channel A (110), the axial blind hole A (220) in the injection punch head (2) and the radial blind hole A (210) on the upper side of the outer cylindrical surface of the injection punch head (2) to enter the pouring gate (310);
the pure inert gas generates gas back pressure to form a back pressure gas chamber (401), and separates the molten metal (400) in the liquid lifting pipe (399) from the pressure chamber (3) to avoid the direct contact of the high-temperature molten metal (400) with the pressure chamber (3) and the injection punch head (2) for a long time;
the vacuumizing device works, the pressure chamber (3) and the inside of the cavity form vacuum, and the vacuum degree is lower than 5 kPa;
step two, filling liquid in a pressure chamber; the injection piston rod (1) is horizontally pulled out of the pressure chamber (3) to drive the injection punch head (2) to retreat in the direction far away from the spreader cone (4), and the pouring gate (310) is communicated with the pressure chamber (3); simultaneously, closing a vacuum-pumping device communicated with a vacuum-pumping port (320) above the pressure chamber;
because the pressure of the molten metal (400) is higher than that of the pressure chamber (3), under the action of the pressure, pure inert gas in the back pressure gas chamber (401) enters the pressure chamber (3) through the pouring port (310); the molten metal in the pressurizing and heat-preserving furnace also enters the pressure chamber (3) through the liquid lifting pipe (399); when the pressure in the pressurizing and heat-preserving furnace is balanced with the pressure in the pressure chamber (3), more molten metal (400) can not enter the pressure chamber (3); but because the pure inert gas does not react with the molten metal (400) chemically and the solubility of the pure inert gas in the molten metal (400) is low, the pure inert gas can be gathered at the top of the inner space of the pressure chamber (3);
step three, opening a shunting cone; the shunting cone (4) translates towards the direction far away from the pressure chamber (3); the molten metal (400) in the pressure chamber (3) enters the cavity; meanwhile, the injection piston rod (1) drives the injection punch head to translate towards the direction of the spreader cone (4), and high vacuum pressure casting is carried out according to the preset process of quick pressing, pressurization, pressure maintaining and cooling.
6. The high vacuum pressure casting method according to claim 5, wherein the diverter cone (4) is opened early while the second-pressure chamber is being filled; the shunt cone (4) is started in advance, and the shunt cone (4) translates 0.1-10mm in the direction far away from the pressure chamber (3); pure inert gas gathered at the top of the pressure chamber (3) can enter the cavity in advance through the shunt cone (4) and a small gap opened at the upper side of the pressure chamber, and then is exhausted by a vacuumizing device connected with the cavity.
7. A high vacuum pressure casting method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the pure inert gas is preferably one or a mixture of argon and nitrogen; the gas supply pressure of the pure inert gas is less than the pressure in the pressurizing and holding furnace;
the oily inert gas is preferably one or a mixture of argon and nitrogen; the supply pressure of the oily inert gas is greater than the maximum pressure in the pressure chamber (3); the gas supply pressure of the oily inert gas is controlled to be 1.1 to 1.5 times of the injection pressure; the oily inert gas is doped with lubricating oil droplets, the total volume of the lubricating oil droplets accounts for not less than 10% of the total volume of the mixed gas, and the diameter of the lubricating oil droplets is 5-50 microns.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111580137.5A CN114130983A (en) | 2021-12-22 | 2021-12-22 | A back pressure type high vacuum pressure casting injection device and casting method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114799121A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-07-29 | 宁波市北仑欣玉模具制造有限公司 | Fully-sealed vacuumizing mold |
| CN115255315A (en) * | 2022-08-03 | 2022-11-01 | 马鞍山市万鑫铸造有限公司 | Back pressure type high vacuum pressure casting injection device |
| CN116140580A (en) * | 2023-04-17 | 2023-05-23 | 宁波力劲科技有限公司 | Cold chamber die casting machine with large injection quantity |
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| CN116140580A (en) * | 2023-04-17 | 2023-05-23 | 宁波力劲科技有限公司 | Cold chamber die casting machine with large injection quantity |
| CN116140580B (en) * | 2023-04-17 | 2023-09-05 | 宁波力劲科技有限公司 | Cold chamber die casting machine with large injection quantity |
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