CN114127075B - 可用作IRAK4抑制剂的吡唑并[3,4-d]吡咯并[1,2-b]哒嗪基化合物 - Google Patents
可用作IRAK4抑制剂的吡唑并[3,4-d]吡咯并[1,2-b]哒嗪基化合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114127075B CN114127075B CN202080050856.3A CN202080050856A CN114127075B CN 114127075 B CN114127075 B CN 114127075B CN 202080050856 A CN202080050856 A CN 202080050856A CN 114127075 B CN114127075 B CN 114127075B
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- pyrazolo
- pyrrolo
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Abstract
公开了式(I)的化合物或其盐或前药,其中R1、R2、R3、R4是本文所定义的。还公开了使用此类化合物作为IRAK4调节剂的方法,以及包含此类化合物的药物组合物。这些化合物可用于治疗、预防或减缓炎性疾病和自身免疫性疾病,或用于治疗癌症。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2019年7月18日提交的美国临时申请序列号62/875,567的权益,将所述临时申请以其整体并入本文。
说明
本发明总体上涉及可用作激酶抑制剂(包括IRAK-4的调节)的吡唑并[3,4-d]吡咯并[1,2-b]哒嗪基化合物。本文提供了吡唑并[3,4-d]吡咯并[1,2-b]哒嗪基化合物、包含此类化合物的组合物及其使用方法。本发明还涉及可用于治疗与激酶调节有关的病症的含有至少一种根据本发明的化合物的药物组合物,以及抑制激酶(包括哺乳动物中的IRAK-4)活性的方法。
Toll/IL-1受体家族成员是炎症和宿主抗性的重要调节因子。Toll样受体(TLR)家族识别源自包括细菌、真菌、寄生虫和病毒的传染性生物体的分子模式(综述于Kawai,T.等人,Nature Immunol.,11:373-384(2010))。与受体结合的配体诱导衔接子分子的二聚化和募集到被称为Toll/IL-1受体(TIR)的受体的结构域中的保守细胞质基序。除TLR3外,所有TLR都募集衔接子分子MyD88。IL-1受体家族还含有细胞质TIR基序并且在配体结合时募集MyD88(综述于Sims,J.E.等人,Nature Rev.Immunol.,10:89-102(2010))。
丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶IRAK家族的成员通过与MyD88相互作用而被募集到受体中。该家族由四个成员组成。有几条证据表明,IRAK4在通过MyD88依赖性TLR和IL-1R家族成员启动信号传导中起着关键且非冗余的作用。结构数据证实,IRAK4直接与MyD88相互作用并且随后将IRAK1或IRAK2募集至受体复合物以促进下游信号传导(Lin,S.等人,Nature,465:885-890(2010))。IRAK4直接磷酸化IRAK1以促进向E3泛素连接酶TRAF6的下游信号传导,导致丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶TAK1的激活以及随后NFκB途径和MAPK级联的激活(Flannery,S.等人,Biochem.Pharmacol.,80:1981-1991(2010))。鉴定了缺乏IRAK4表达的人类患者子集(Picard,C.等人,Science,299:2076-2079(2003))。来自这些患者的细胞不能对所有TLR激动剂做出反应,除了TLR3以及IL-1家族的成员(包括IL-1β和IL-18)(Ku,C.等人,J.Exp.Med.,204:2407-2422(2007))。小鼠中IRAK4的缺失导致IL-1、IL-18和所有TLR(除TLR3外)依赖性反应的严重阻断(Suzuki,N.等人,Nature,416:750-754(2002))。相比之下,IRAK1(Thomas,J.A.等人,J.Immunol.,163:978-984(1999);Swantek,J.L.等人,J.Immunol.,164:4301-4306(2000))或IRAK2(Wan,Y.等人,J.Biol.Chem.,284:10367-10375(2009))的缺失导致信号传导的部分丧失。此外,IRAK4是IRAK家族中唯一的已显示其激酶活性是启动信号传导所需的成员。用激酶失活突变体(KDKI)替代小鼠基因组中的野生型IRAK4会损害经由所有MyD88依赖性受体的信号传导,所述MyD88依赖性受体包括IL-1、IL-18和除TLR3之外的所有TLR(Koziczak-Holbro,M.等人,J.Biol.Chem.,282:13552-13560(2007);Kawagoe,T.等人,J.Exp.Med.,204:1013-1024(2007);以及Fraczek,J.等人,J.Biol.Chem.,283:31697-31705(2008))。
与野生型动物相比,IRAK4 KDKI小鼠在多发性硬化(Staschke,K.A.等人,J.Immunol.,183:568-577(2009))、类风湿性关节炎(Koziczak-Holbro,M.等人,ArthritisRheum.,60:1661-1671(2009))、动脉粥样硬化(Kim,T.W.等人,J.Immunol.,186:2871-2880(2011)和Rekhter,M.等人,Biochem.Biophys.Res.Comm.,367:642-648(2008))、和心肌梗塞(Maekawa,Y.等人,Circulation,120:1401-1414(2009))的小鼠模型中显示出大大降低的疾病严重程度。如所描述的,IRAK4抑制剂将阻断所有MyD88依赖性信号传导。已显示MyD88依赖性TLR促成多发性硬化、类风湿性关节炎、心血管疾病、代谢综合征、败血症、系统性红斑狼疮、炎性肠病(包括克罗恩病和溃疡性结肠炎)、自身免疫性葡萄膜炎、哮喘、过敏、I型糖尿病和同种异体移植排斥的发病机制(Keogh,B.等人,TrendsPharmacol.Sci.,32:435-442(2011);Mann,D.L.,Circ.Res.,108:1133-1145(2011);Horton,C.G.等人,Mediators Inflamm.,文章ID 498980(2010),doi:10.1155/2010/498980;Goldstein,D.R.等人,J.Heart Lung Transplant.,24:1721-1729(2005);以及Cario,E.,Inflamm.BowelDis.,16:1583-1597(2010))。已鉴定出弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤中的致癌活性MyD88突变,这些突变对IRAK4抑制是敏感的(Ngo,V.N.等人,Nature,470:115-121(2011))。全基因组测序还鉴定出与慢性淋巴性白血病相关的MyD88突变,表明IRAK4抑制剂还具有治疗白血病的效用(Puente,X.S.等人,Nature,475:101-105(2011))。
除了阻断TLR信号传导外,IRAK4抑制剂还将阻断通过IL-1家族成员的信号传导。IL-1的中和已显示对包括以下的多种疾病有效:痛风;痛风性关节炎;2型糖尿病;自身炎性疾病,包括Cryopyrin相关的周期性综合征(CAPS)、TNF受体相关的周期性综合征(TRAPS)、家族性地中海热(FMF)、成人发作的斯蒂尔病;全身性发作的幼年特发性关节炎;中风;移植物抗宿主病(GVHD);冒烟型多发性骨髓瘤;复发性心包炎;骨关节炎;肺气肿(Dinarello,C.A.,Eur.J.Immunol.,41:1203-1217(2011)和Couillin,I.等人,J.Immunol.,183:8195-8202(2009))。在阿尔茨海默病的小鼠模型中,IL-1受体的阻断会改进认知缺陷,减弱蛋白病理学,并且减少淀粉样蛋白β的寡聚形式(Kitazawa,M.等人,J.Immunol.,187:6539-6549(2011))。还已显示出,IL-1是导致适应性免疫的关键环节,驱动TH17效应T细胞亚群的分化(Chung,Y.等人,Immunity,30:576-587(2009))。因此,预测IRAK4抑制剂在TH17相关的疾病中具有功效,这些疾病包括多发性硬化、银屑病、炎性肠病、自身免疫性葡萄膜炎和类风湿性关节炎(Wilke,C.M.等人,Trends Immunol.,32:603-661(2011))。
鉴于可能通过涉及调节蛋白激酶的治疗而受益的病症,立即清楚的是,能够调节蛋白激酶(诸如IRAK-4)的新化合物以及使用这些化合物的方法可以为多种多样患者提供实质性治疗益处。
发明内容
本发明涉及一类新的吡唑并[3,4-d]吡咯并[1,2-b]哒嗪基化合物,所述化合物被发现是对包括IRAK-4在内的蛋白激酶的有效抑制剂。提供的这些化合物可用作具有对其成药性重要的所希望的稳定性、生物利用度、治疗指数和毒性值的药物。
本发明提供了可用作IRAK-4的抑制剂并且可用于治疗增殖性疾病、过敏性疾病、自身免疫性疾病和炎性疾病的式(I)的化合物,或其立体异构体、互变异构体、药学上可接受的盐、溶剂化物或前药。
本发明还提供了药物组合物,其包含药学上可接受的载体,以及本发明化合物或其立体异构体、互变异构体、药学上可接受的盐、溶剂化物或前药中的至少一种。
本发明还提供了一种用于抑制IRAK-4的方法,包括向需要此类治疗的宿主施用治疗有效量的本发明化合物或其立体异构体、互变异构体、药学上可接受的盐、溶剂化物或前药中的至少一种。
本发明还提供了一种用于治疗增殖性、代谢性、过敏性、自身免疫性和炎性疾病的方法,包括向需要此类治疗的宿主施用治疗有效量的本发明化合物或其立体异构体、互变异构体、药学上可接受的盐、溶剂化物或前药中的至少一种。
一个实施方案提供了一种用于治疗炎性疾病和自身免疫性疾病的方法,其中,甚至更优选的是治疗炎性疾病。具体的炎性疾病和自身免疫性疾病包括但不限于克罗恩病、溃疡性结肠炎、哮喘、移植物抗宿主病、同种异体移植排斥、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、格雷夫斯病、类风湿性关节炎、系统性红斑狼疮、狼疮性肾炎、皮肤狼疮、银屑病、cryopyrin相关的周期性综合征(CAPS)、TNF受体相关的周期性综合征(TRAPS)、家族性地中海热(FMF)、成人发作的斯蒂尔病、全身性发作的幼年特发性关节炎、多发性硬化、神经性疼痛、痛风和痛风性关节炎。
一个实施方案提供了一种用于治疗痛风和痛风性关节炎的方法。
一个替代性优选实施方案是一种用于治疗代谢性疾病(包括2型糖尿病和动脉粥样硬化)的方法。
一个实施方案提供了一种用于治疗癌症的方法,包括向需要此类治疗的宿主施用治疗有效量的本发明化合物或其立体异构体、互变异构体、药学上可接受的盐、溶剂化物或前药中的至少一种。
本发明还提供了本发明化合物或其立体异构体、互变异构体、药学上可接受的盐、溶剂化物或前药,用于疗法。
本发明还提供了本发明化合物或其立体异构体、互变异构体、药学上可接受的盐、溶剂化物或前药用于制造用于治疗癌症的药物的用途。
本发明还提供了在试剂盒中的式(I)的化合物或药物组合物以及使用所述化合物或组合物的说明书。
本发明还提供了用于制备本发明的化合物或其立体异构体、互变异构体、药学上可接受的盐、溶剂化物或前药的方法和中间体。
随着本公开文本的继续,本发明的这些和其他特征将以扩展的形式阐述。
具体实施方式
本发明的第一方面提供了至少一种式(I)的化合物:
或其盐或前药,其中:
R1是-NHR1a或-NHCH2R1a;
R1a是C4-6环烷基、氮杂环丁烷基、吡咯烷基、哌啶基或氮杂环庚烷基,各自被零至2个独立地选自F、Cl、-OH、-CN、C1-3烷基、C1-2氟烷基、-C(O)(C1-3烷基)、-C(O)O(C1-3烷基)、和-NRxC(O)O(C1-3烷基)的取代基取代;
R2是:
(i)被零至4个独立地选自F、Cl、-OH和-CN的取代基取代的C1-6烷基;或
(ii)选自C3-6环烷基、氧杂环丁烷基、四氢呋喃基、四氢吡喃基和吡唑基的环状基团,其中所述环状基团被零至3个独立地选自F、-OH、-CN、C1-2烷基、C1-2氟烷基和C1-2羟烷基的取代基取代;
R3是苯基、吡唑基、咪唑基、三唑基、吡啶基、吡啶酮基或嘧啶基,各自被零至3个选自F、Cl、-OH、-CN、C1-2烷基、-CF3和-CH2OH的取代基取代;
每个R4独立地是F、Cl、-CH3或-CN;
每个Rx是氢或-CH3;并且
n是零、1或2。
在一个实施方案中,提供了式(I)的化合物或其盐或前药,其中R1a是C5-6环烷基、吡咯烷基或哌啶基,各自被零至2个独立地选自F、-OH、-CN、C1-2烷基、C1氟烷基、-C(O)(C1-2烷基)、-C(O)O(C1-2烷基)和-NRxC(O)O(C1-2烷基)的取代基取代;R2是被零至3个独立地选自F、Cl、-OH和-CN的取代基取代的C1-3烷基;R3是苯基、吡唑基、咪唑基、三唑基、吡啶基或嘧啶基,各自被零至2个选自F、Cl、-OH、-CN、-CH3、-CF3和-CH2OH的取代基取代;并且n是零或1。
在一个实施方案中,提供了式(I)的化合物或其盐或前药,其中R1a是C5-6环烷基、吡咯烷基或哌啶基,各自被零至2个独立地选自F、-OH、-CN、C1-2烷基、C1氟烷基、-C(O)(C1-2烷基)、-C(O)O(C1-2烷基)和-NRxC(O)O(C1-2烷基)的取代基取代。此实施方案包括如下化合物,其中R1a是环己基或哌啶基,各自被零至1个选自-CH3、-C(O)CH3、-C(O)OCH3和-NHC(O)OCH3的取代基取代。
在一个实施方案中,提供了式(I)的化合物或其盐或前药,其中R1是-NHR1a或-NHCH2R1a;R1a是环己基或哌啶基,各自被零至1个选自-CH3、-C(O)CH3、-C(O)OCH3和-NHC(O)OCH3的取代基取代;R2是-CH(CH3)2;R3是吡啶基;并且n是零。
在一个实施方案中,提供了式(I)的化合物或其盐或前药,其中R1是-NHR1a。此实施方案包括如下化合物,其中R1a是C5-6环烷基、吡咯烷基或哌啶基,各自被零至2个独立地选自F、-OH、-CN、C1-2烷基、C1氟烷基、-C(O)(C1-2烷基)、-C(O)O(C1-2烷基)和-NRxC(O)O(C1-2烷基)的取代基取代。此实施方案还包括如下化合物,其中R1a是环己基或哌啶基,各自被零至1个选自-CH3、-C(O)CH3、-C(O)OCH3和-NHC(O)OCH3的取代基取代。
在一个实施方案中,提供了式(I)的化合物或其盐或前药,其中R1是-NHCH2R1a。此实施方案包括如下化合物,其中R1a是C5-6环烷基、吡咯烷基或哌啶基,各自被零至2个独立地选自F、-OH、-CN、C1-2烷基、C1氟烷基、-C(O)(C1-2烷基)、-C(O)O(C1-2烷基)和-NRxC(O)O(C1-2烷基)的取代基取代。此实施方案还包括如下化合物,其中R1a是环己基或哌啶基,各自被零至1个选自-CH3、-C(O)CH3、-C(O)OCH3和-NHC(O)OCH3的取代基取代。
在一个实施方案中,提供了式(I)的化合物或其盐或前药,其中R1a是C5-6环烷基,各自被零至2个独立地选自F、-OH、-CN、C1-2烷基、C1氟烷基、-C(O)(C1-2烷基)、-C(O)O(C1-2烷基)和-NRxC(O)O(C1-2烷基)的取代基取代。
在一个实施方案中,提供了式(I)的化合物或其盐或前药,其中R1a是吡咯烷基或哌啶基,各自被零至2个独立地选自F、-OH、-CN、C1-2烷基、C1氟烷基、-C(O)(C1-2烷基)、-C(O)O(C1-2烷基)和-NRxC(O)O(C1-2烷基)的取代基取代。
在一个实施方案中,提供了式(I)的化合物或其盐或前药,其中R2是:(i)被零至4个独立地选自F、Cl、-OH和-CN的取代基取代的C1-5烷基;或(ii)选自C3-6环烷基、氧杂环丁烷基、四氢呋喃基、四氢吡喃基和吡唑基的环状基团,其中所述环状基团被零至3个独立地选自F、-OH、-CN、C1-2烷基、C1-2氟烷基和C1-2羟烷基的取代基取代。此实施方案包括如下化合物,其中R2是:(i)被零至4个独立地选自F、Cl、-OH和-CN的取代基取代的C1-4烷基;或(ii)选自C3-6环烷基、四氢呋喃基、四氢吡喃基和吡唑基的环状基团,其中所述环状基团被零至3个独立地选自F、-OH、-CN、C1-2烷基、-CF3和C1-2羟烷基的取代基取代。
在一个实施方案中,提供了式(I)的化合物或其盐或前药,其中C1-6烷基被零至4个独立地选自F、Cl、-OH和-CN的取代基取代。此实施方案包括如下化合物,其中R2是被零至3个独立地选自F、Cl、-OH和-CN的取代基取代的C1-3烷基。此实施方案还包括其中R2是-CH(CH3)2的化合物。
在一个实施方案中,提供了式(I)的化合物或其盐或前药,其中R2是选自C3-6环烷基、氧杂环丁烷基、四氢呋喃基、四氢吡喃基和吡唑基的环状基团,其中所述环状基团被零至3个独立地选自F、-OH、-CN、C1-2烷基、C1-2氟烷基和C1-2羟烷基的取代基取代。此实施方案包括如下化合物,其中R2是C3-6环烷基、四氢呋喃基、四氢吡喃基和吡唑基,其中所述环状基团被零至3个独立地选自F、-OH、-CN、C1-2烷基、C1-2氟烷基和C1-2羟烷基的取代基取代。另外,此实施方案包括如下化合物,其中R2是被零至3个独立地选自F、-OH、-CN、C1-2烷基、-CF3和C1-2羟烷基的取代基取代的C3-6环烷基。
在一个实施方案中,提供了式(I)的化合物或其盐或前药,其中R3是苯基、吡唑基、咪唑基、三唑基、吡啶基或嘧啶基,各自被零至2个独立地选自F、Cl、-OH、-CN、-CH3、-CF3和-CH2OH的取代基取代。此实施方案包括如下化合物,其中R3是R3是苯基、吡啶基或嘧啶基,各自被零至2个独立地选自F、Cl、-OH、-CN、-CH3、-CF3和-CH2OH的取代基取代。此实施方案还包括其中R3是吡啶基的化合物。
在一个实施方案中,提供了式(I)的化合物或其盐或前药,其中每个R4独立地是F、Cl、-CH3或-CN;并且n是零或1。此实施方案包括其中N是零的化合物。
一个实施方案提供了式(I)的化合物或其盐,其中所述化合物选自:
1-异丙基-N-(哌啶-4-基甲基)-8-(吡啶-3-基)-1H-吡唑并[3,4-d]吡咯并[1,2-b]哒嗪-3-胺(1);
4-(((1-异丙基-8-(吡啶-3-基)-1H-吡唑并[3,4-d]吡咯并[1,2-b]哒嗪-3-基)氨基)甲基)哌啶-1-甲酸甲酯(2);
1-异丙基-N-(哌啶-4-基甲基)-8-(吡啶-4-基)-1H-吡唑并[3,4-d]吡咯并[1,2-b]哒嗪-3-胺(3);
4-(((1-异丙基-8-(吡啶-4-基)-1H-吡唑并[3,4-d]吡咯并[1,2-b]哒嗪-3-基)氨基)甲基)哌啶-1-甲酸甲酯(4);
1-异丙基-N-((1-甲基哌啶-4-基)甲基)-8-(吡啶-4-基)-1H-吡唑并[3,4-d]吡咯并[1,2-b]哒嗪-3-胺(5);
(4-((1-异丙基-8-(吡啶-3-基)-1H-吡唑并[3,4-d]吡咯并[1,2-b]哒嗪-3-基)氨基)环己基)氨基甲酸甲酯(6);
(4-((1-异丙基-8-(吡啶-4-基)-1H-吡唑并[3,4-d]吡咯并[1,2-b]哒嗪-3-基)氨基)环己基)氨基甲酸甲酯(7);
1-(4-((1-异丙基-8-(吡啶-4-基)-1H-吡唑并[3,4-d]吡咯并[1,2-b]哒嗪-3-基)氨基)哌啶-1-基)乙-1-酮(8);以及
1-异丙基-N-(哌啶-4-基)-8-(吡啶-4-基)-1H-吡唑并[3,4-d]吡咯并[1,2-b]哒嗪-3-胺(9)。
一个实施方案提供了具有≤0.6μM的IRAK4 IC50值的式(I)化合物。
一个实施方案提供了具有≤0.1μM的IRAK4 IC50值的式(I)化合物。
一个实施方案提供了具有≤0.05μM的IRAK4 IC50值的式(I)化合物。
一个实施方案提供了具有≤0.025μM的IRAK4 IC50值的式(I)化合物。
一个实施方案提供了具有≤0.015μM的IRAK4 IC50值的式(I)化合物。
一个实施方案提供了具有≤0.01μM的IRAK4 IC50值的式(I)化合物。
定义
在阅读以下详细描述后,本领域普通技术人员可以更容易地理解本发明的特征和优点。应理解,出于清楚的原因,在分开的实施方案的上下文中所述的本发明的某些特征也可以组合以形成单个实施方案。相反,出于简洁的原因,在单个实施方案的上下文中所述的本发明的各种特征也可以组合以形成其子组合。在本文中标识为示例性或优选的实施方案旨在是说明性的而非限制性的。
除非本文另有明确说明,否则以单数形式提及的提及项也可以包括复数形式。例如,“一个/一种(a)”和“一个/一种(an)”可以指代一个/一种或者一个/一种或多个/多种。
如本文所用,相“化合物”是指至少一种化合物。例如,式(I)的化合物包括一种式(I)的化合物以及两种或更多种式(I)的化合物。
除非另外指明,否则假定具有不满足的化合价的任何杂原子具有足以满足化合价的氢原子。
本文所陈述的定义优先于在通过引用并入本文的任何专利、专利申请和/或专利申请公开物中所陈述的定义。
下文列出了用于描述本发明的各种术语的定义。这些定义适用于如它们在整个说明书中单独地或作为更大基团的一部分使用的术语(除非它们在特定情况下另有限制)。
在整个说明书中,本领域技术人员可以选择其基团和取代基以提供稳定的部分和化合物。
根据本领域使用的惯例,在本文的结构式中使用
来描绘作为部分或取代基与核心或骨架结构的附接点的键。
如本文所用,术语“卤代”和“卤素”是指F、Cl、Br和I。
术语“氰基”是指基团-CN。
术语“氨基”是指基团-NH2。
术语“氧代基”是指基团=O。
如本文所用的术语“烷基”是指含有例如从1至12个碳原子、从1至6个碳原子和从1至4个碳原子的支链和直链饱和脂族烃基两者。烷基的例子包括但不限于甲基(Me)、乙基(Et)、丙基(例如,正丙基和异丙基)、丁基(例如,正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、和叔丁基)、和戊基(例如,正戊基、异戊基、新戊基)、正己基、2-甲基戊基、2-乙基丁基、3-甲基戊基、和4-甲基戊基。当数字出现在符号“C”之后的下标中时,下标更具体地定义了特定基团可能含有的碳原子的数目。例如,“C1-6烷基”表示具有一至六个碳原子的直链和支链烷基。
如本文所用的术语“氟烷基”旨在包括被一个或多个氟原子取代的支链和直链饱和脂族烃基两者。例如,“C1-4氟烷基”旨在包括被一个或多个氟原子取代的C1、C2、C3和C4烷基。氟烷基的代表性例子包括但不限于-CF3和-CH2CF3。
术语“羟烷基”包括被一个或多个羟基取代的支链和直链饱和烷基两者。例如,“羟烷基”包括-CH2OH、-CH2CH2OH和C1-4羟烷基。
如本文所用,术语“环烷基”是指通过从饱和环碳原子上除去一个氢原子而由非芳族单环或多环烃分子衍生的基团。环烷基的代表性例子包括但不限于环丙基、环戊基和环己基。当数字出现在符号“C”之后的下标中时,下标更具体地定义了特定环烷基可能含有的碳原子的数目。例如,“C3-6环烷基”表示具有三至六个碳原子的环烷基。
短语“药学上可接受的”在本文中用于指在合理的医学判断的范围内,适用于与人类和动物的组织接触而没有过度的毒性、刺激、过敏反应或其他问题或并发症,与合理的效益/风险比相称的那些化合物、材料、组合物和/或剂型。
式(I)的化合物可以作为无定形固体或结晶固体来提供。可以使用冻干来提供呈无定形固体的式(I)的化合物。
还应当理解,式(I)的化合物的溶剂化物(例如,水合物)也在本发明的范围内。术语“溶剂化物”意指式(I)的化合物与一个或多个溶剂分子(无论是有机的还是无机的)的物理缔合物。此物理缔合物包含氢键。在某些情况下,溶剂化物将是能够分离的,例如当一个或多个溶剂分子被掺在结晶固体的晶格中时。“溶剂化物”包括溶液相和可分离溶剂化物两者。示例性的溶剂化物包括水合物、乙醇化物、甲醇化物、异丙醇化物、乙腈溶剂化物和乙酸乙酯溶剂化物。溶剂化方法是本领域已知的。
各种形式的前药是本领域熟知的,并且描述于:
a)The Practice of Medicinal Chemistry,Camille G.Wermuth等人,第31章,(Academic Press,1996);
b)Design of Prodrugs,由H.Bundgaard编辑,(Elsevier,1985);
c)A Textbook of Drug Design and Development,P.Krogsgaard-Larson和H.Bundgaard,编辑第5章,第113-191页(Harwood Academic Publishers,1991);以及
d)Hydrolysis in Drug and Prodrug Metabolism,Bernard Testa和JoachimM.Mayer,(Wiley-VCH,2003)。
e)Rautio,J.等人,Nature Review Drug Discovery,17,559-587(2018)。
此外,可以在式(I)的化合物制备之后将其分离并且纯化以获得含有按重量计等于或大于99%的量的式(I)的化合物(“基本上纯的”)的组合物,然后如本文所述使用或配制所述组合物。此类“基本上纯的”式(I)的化合物在本文中也被考虑作为本发明的一部分。
“稳定的化合物”和“稳定的结构”意在指示化合物足够稳健以经受住从反应混合物中分离至有用程度的纯度并且配制成有效的治疗剂。本发明旨在体现稳定的化合物。
“治疗有效量”旨在包括单独的本发明化合物的量,或所要求保护的多种化合物的组合的量,或与其他活性成分组合的本发明化合物的量,这些活性成分有效充当IRAK4的抑制剂;或有效治疗或预防自身免疫和/或炎性疾病状态,诸如多发性硬化和类风湿性关节炎;或有效治疗癌症。
如本文所用的,“治疗”(“treating”或“treatment”)涵盖哺乳动物(特别是人)的疾病状态的治疗,并且包括:(a)预防所述疾病状态在哺乳动物中发生,特别是当这种哺乳动物易患所述疾病状态,但尚未被诊断为患有所述疾病状态时;(b)抑制所述疾病状态,即阻止其发展;和/或(c)缓解所述疾病状态,即引起所述疾病状态的消退。
本发明的化合物旨在包括在本发明化合物中存在的原子的所有同位素。同位素包括原子数相同但质量数不同的那些原子。通过一般举例而非限制的方式,氢的同位素包括氘(D)和氚(T)。碳的同位素包括13C和14C。本发明的同位素标记的化合物通常可以通过本领域技术人员已知的常规技术或通过与本文所述那些类似的方法使用适当的同位素标记的试剂代替原本采用的未标记的试剂来制备。例如,甲基(-CH3)还包括氘代甲基,诸如-CD3。
效用
本发明化合物调节激酶活性,包括IRAK-4的调节。可以通过本发明化合物调节的其他类型的激酶活性包括但不限于Pelle/IRAK家族及其突变体。
因此,式(I)的化合物具有治疗与激酶活性的调节、并且特别是IRAK-4活性的选择性抑制或IRAK和其他Pelle家族激酶的抑制相关的病症的效用。此类病症包括TLR/IL-1家族受体相关的疾病,其中细胞因子水平因细胞内信号传导而被调节。此外,式(I)的化合物具有对于IRAK-4活性有利的选择性,优选选择性高从至少20倍至超过1,000倍。
如本文所用,术语“治疗”(“treating”或“treatment”)涵盖对哺乳动物、特别是人类中的疾病状态的治疗,并且包括:(a)预防或延迟哺乳动物中疾病状态的发生,特别是当这个哺乳动物易患所述疾病状态但尚未被诊断为患有所述疾病状态时;(b)抑制疾病状态,即,阻止其发展;和/或(c)实现症状或疾病状态的完全或部分减少和/或缓解、改善、减轻或治愈疾病或障碍和/或其症状。
鉴于它们作为IRAK-4的选择性抑制剂的活性,式(I)的化合物可用于治疗TLR/IL-1家族受体相关疾病,但不限于炎性疾病,诸如克罗恩病、溃疡性结肠炎、哮喘、移植物抗宿主病、同种异体移植物排斥、慢性阻塞性肺疾病;自身免疫性疾病,诸如格雷夫斯病、类风湿性关节炎、系统性红斑狼疮、银屑病;自身炎性疾病,包括CAPS、TRAPS、FMF、成人发作的斯蒂尔病、全身性发作的幼年特发性关节炎、痛风、痛风性关节炎;代谢性疾病,包括2型糖尿病、动脉粥样硬化、心肌梗塞;破坏性骨障碍,诸如骨吸收疾病、骨关节炎、骨质疏松症、多发性骨髓瘤相关骨障碍;增殖性障碍,诸如急性骨髓性白血病、慢性骨髓性白血病;血管生成障碍,诸如包括实体瘤、眼部新生血管和婴儿血管瘤的血管生成障碍;感染性疾病,如败血症、感染性休克和志贺氏菌病;神经变性疾病,诸如阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、由创伤性损伤引起的脑缺血或神经变性疾病,肿瘤和病毒性疾病,诸如转移性黑色素瘤、卡波西肉瘤、多发性骨髓瘤,以及HIV感染和CMV视网膜炎,AIDS。
更具体地,可以用本发明化合物治疗的具体病症或疾病包括但不限于胰腺炎(急性或慢性)、哮喘、过敏症、成人呼吸窘迫综合征、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、肾小球肾炎、类风湿性关节炎、系统性红斑狼疮、硬皮病、慢性甲状腺炎、格雷夫斯病、自身免疫性胃炎、糖尿病、自身免疫性溶血性贫血、自身免疫性嗜中性粒细胞减少症、血小板减少症、特应性皮炎、慢性活动性肝炎、重症肌无力、多发性硬化、炎性肠病、溃疡性结肠炎、克罗恩病、银屑病、移植物抗宿主病、由内毒素诱导的炎症反应、结核、动脉粥样硬化、肌肉变性、恶病质、银屑病关节炎、莱特尔综合征、痛风、创伤性关节炎、风疹性关节炎、急性滑膜炎、胰腺β细胞疾病;以大量嗜中性白细胞浸润为特征的疾病;类风湿性脊柱炎、痛风性关节炎和其他关节炎性病症、脑型疟疾、慢性肺部炎性疾病、矽肺、肺结节病、骨吸收疾病、同种异体移植物排斥、由于感染所致的发热和肌痛、继发于感染的恶病质、瘢痕疙瘩形成、瘢痕组织形成、溃疡性结肠炎、热病、流感、骨质疏松症、骨关节炎、急性骨髓性白血病、慢性骨髓性白血病、转移性黑色素瘤、卡波西肉瘤、多发性骨髓瘤、败血症、败血性休克和志贺氏菌病;阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、脑缺血或由创伤性损伤引起的神经变性疾病;血管生成障碍,包括实体瘤、眼部新生血管和婴儿血管瘤;病毒性疾病,包括急性肝炎感染(包括甲型肝炎、乙型肝炎和丙型肝炎)、HIV感染和CMV视网膜炎、AIDS、ARC或恶性病和疱疹;中风、心肌缺血、中风心脏病发作中的缺血、器官缺氧、血管增生、心肌和肾脏再灌注损伤、血栓形成、心肌肥大、凝血酶诱导的血小板聚集、内毒素血症和/或中毒性休克综合征、与前列腺素内过氧化酶合酶-2相关的病症、和寻常型天疱疮。优选的治疗方法是其中病症选自克罗恩病、溃疡性结肠炎、同种异体移植物排斥、类风湿性关节炎、银屑病、强直性脊柱炎、银屑病关节炎和寻常型天疱疮的那些。可替代地,优选治疗方法是其中病症选自缺血再灌注损伤的那些,所述缺血再灌注损伤包括由中风引起的脑缺血再灌注损伤和由心肌梗塞引起的心肌缺血再灌注损伤。另一种优选的治疗方法是其中病症是多发性骨髓瘤的方法。
在一个实施方案中,式(I)的化合物可用于治疗癌症,包括瓦尔登斯特伦巨球蛋白血症(Waldenstrom’s Macroglobulinemia,WM)、弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤(DLBCL)、慢性淋巴细胞白血病(CLL)、皮肤弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤、和原发性CNS淋巴瘤。
此外,本发明的激酶抑制剂会抑制诱导型促炎蛋白的表达,诸如前列腺素内过氧化物合酶-2(PGHS-2),也称为环氧合酶-2(COX-2)、IL-1、IL-6、IL-18、趋化因子。因此,另外的IRAK-4相关的病症包括水肿、镇痛、发热和疼痛(诸如神经肌肉疼痛、头痛、由癌症引起的疼痛、牙痛和关节炎疼痛)。本发明化合物还可以用于治疗兽医病毒感染,诸如慢病毒感染,包括但不限于马传染性贫血病毒;或逆转录病毒感染,包括猫类免疫缺陷病毒、牛类免疫缺陷病毒和犬类免疫缺陷病毒。
当在本文中使用术语“IRAK-4相关的病症”或“IRAK-4相关的疾病或障碍”时,每个术语旨在包括上文鉴定的所有条件,如同重复长度、以及受IRAK-4激酶活性影响的任何其他条件。
因此,本发明提供了用于治疗此类病症的方法,包括向对其有需要的受试者施用治疗有效量的至少一种式(I)的化合物或其盐。“治疗有效量”旨在包括当单独或组合施用时有效抑制IRAK-4和/或治疗疾病的本发明化合物的量。
治疗IRAK-4激酶相关病症的方法可以包括单独或与彼此和/或用于治疗此类病症的其他合适治疗剂组合地施用式(I)的化合物。因此,“治疗有效量”还旨在包括有效抑制IRAK-4和/或治疗与IRAK-4相关的疾病的所要求保护的化合物的组合的量。
此类其他治疗剂的例子包括皮质类固醇、咯利普兰、卡弗他丁、细胞因子抑制性抗炎药(CSAID)、白介素-10、糖皮质激素、水杨酸盐、一氧化氮和其他免疫抑制剂;核转位抑制剂,诸如脱氧精胍菌素(DSG);非甾体抗炎药(NSAID),诸如布洛芬、塞来昔布和罗非昔布;类固醇,诸如泼尼松或地塞米松;抗病毒剂,诸如阿巴卡韦;抗增殖剂,诸如甲氨蝶呤、来氟米特、FK506(他克莫司,);抗疟疾药,诸如羟氯喹;细胞毒性药物,诸如硫唑嘌呤和环磷酰胺;TNF-α抑制剂,诸如替尼达普、抗TNF抗体或可溶性TNF受体、和雷帕霉素(西罗莫司或)或其衍生物。
当与本发明的化合物组合使用时,以上其他治疗剂可以例如以Physicians’DeskReference(PDR)中指示的或者如本领域普通技术人员以其他方式确定的那些量来使用。在本发明的方法中,一种或多种此类其他治疗剂可以在施用本发明的化合物之前、同时或之后施用。本发明还提供了能够治疗IRAK-4激酶相关病症的药物组合物,这些病症包括如上所描述的TLR和IL-1家族受体介导的疾病。
本发明的组合物可以含有如上所描述的其他治疗剂,并且可以例如通过使用常规的固体或液体媒介物或稀释剂以及适合于所希望的施用方式的类型的药物添加剂(例如,赋形剂、粘合剂、防腐剂、稳定剂、调味剂等)根据药物配制领域熟知的那些的技术来配制。
因此,本发明还包括含有一种或多种式(I)的化合物和药学上可接受的载体的组合物。
“药学上可接受的载体”是指本领域通常接受用于将生物活性剂递送至动物、特别是哺乳动物的介质。药学上可接受的载体根据本领域普通技术人员认知范围内的许多因素来配制。这些因素包括但不限于所配制的活性剂的类型和性质;待被施用含有药剂的组合物的受试者;组合物的预期施用途径;以及所靶向的治疗适应症。药学上可接受的载体包括水性和非水性液体介质两者,以及多种固体和半固体剂型。此类载体还可包括除活性剂之外的许多不同的成分和添加剂,此类另外的成分出于本领域普通技术人员熟知的多种原因(例如,活性剂、粘合剂等的稳定化)被包括在配制品中。合适的药学上可接受的载体及其选择中涉及的因素的描述在多种可容易获得的来源(例如像Remington'sPharmaceuticalSciences,第17版(1985))中找到,将其通过引用以其整体并入本文。
根据式(I)的化合物可以通过适用于待治疗病症的任何手段施用,这可取决于位点特异性治疗或待递送的式(I)的化合物的量的需要。
本发明中还包括一类药物组合物,其包含式(I)的化合物和一种或多种无毒的药学上可接受的载体和/或稀释剂和/或佐剂(在本文中统称为“载体”材料)以及(如果希望)其他活性成分。式(I)的化合物可以通过任何合适的途径、优选以适于此类途径的药物组合物的形式,并且以对于预期治疗有效的剂量施用。本发明的化合物和组合物可以例如在含有常规药学上可接受的载体、佐剂和媒介物的剂量单位配制品中口服、粘膜、或亲本地(包括血管内、静脉内、腹膜内、皮下、肌内、和胸骨内)施用。例如,药物载体可以含有甘露醇或乳糖和微晶纤维素的混合物。所述混合物可以含有另外的组分,诸如润滑剂(例如,硬脂酸镁)和崩解剂(诸如交聚维酮)。载体混合物可以填充到明胶胶囊中或压缩成片剂。例如,药物组合物可以作为口服剂型或输注剂施用。
对于口服给药,药物组合物可以是例如片剂、胶囊、液体胶囊、混悬剂或液体的形式。所述药物组合物优选地以含有特定量活性成分的剂量单位的形式制造。例如,所述药物组合物可以提供为片剂或胶囊,其包含在从约0.1至1000mg、优选从约0.25至250mg并且更优选从约0.5至100mg范围内的量的活性成分。对于人或其他哺乳动物的合适日剂量可以根据患者的状况和其他因素而广泛地变化,但是可以使用常规方法确定。
本文中考虑的任何药物组合物可以例如经由任何可接受且合适的口服制剂口服递送。示例性的口服制剂包括但不限于例如片剂、锭剂、糖锭剂、水性和油性混悬剂、可分散散剂或颗粒剂、乳剂、硬和软胶囊、液体胶囊、糖浆和酏剂。旨在用于口服施用的药物组合物可以根据本领域已知的用于制造旨在用于口服施用的药物组合物的任何方法制备。为了提供药学上可口的制剂,根据本发明的药物组合物可以含有至少一种选自甜味剂、调味剂、着色剂、缓和剂、抗氧化剂、和防腐剂的试剂。
片剂可以例如通过将至少一种式(I)的化合物与适合于制造片剂的至少一种无毒的药学上可接受的赋形剂混合来制备。示例性的赋形剂包括但不限于例如惰性稀释剂,例如像碳酸钙、碳酸钠、乳糖、磷酸钙和磷酸钠;制粒剂和崩解剂,例如像微晶纤维素、交联羧甲基纤维素钠、玉米淀粉和海藻酸;粘合剂,例如像淀粉、明胶、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和阿拉伯胶;以及润滑剂,例如像硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸和滑石粉。另外,片剂可以是未包衣的,或通过已知技术包衣,以掩蔽尝起来令人不快的药物的不良味道,或延迟胃肠道中活性成分的崩解和吸收,从而维持活性成分的作用持续更长时间。示例性的水溶性味道掩蔽材料包括但不限于羟丙基甲基纤维素和羟丙基纤维素。示例性的延时材料包括但不限于乙基纤维素和乙酸丁酸纤维素。
硬明胶胶囊可以例如通过将至少一种式(I)的化合物与至少一种惰性固体稀释剂(例如像碳酸钙;磷酸钙;和高岭土)混合来制备。
软明胶胶囊可以例如通过将至少一种式(I)的化合物与至少一种水溶性载体(例如像聚乙二醇)和至少一种油介质(例如像花生油、液体石蜡和橄榄油)混合来制备。
水性混悬剂可以例如通过将至少一种式(I)的化合物与至少一种适用于制造水性混悬剂的赋形剂混合来制备。适合于制造水性混悬剂的示例性赋形剂包括但不限于例如助悬剂,例如像羧甲基纤维素钠、甲基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、海藻酸钠、海藻酸、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、黄芪胶和阿拉伯树胶;分散剂或润湿剂,例如像天然存在的磷脂,例如卵磷脂;环氧烷与脂肪酸的缩合产物,例如像聚氧乙烯硬脂酸酯;环氧乙烷与长链脂族醇的缩合产物,例如像十七烷乙烯-氧基鲸蜡醇;环氧乙烷与衍生自脂肪酸和己糖醇的偏酯的缩合产物,例如像聚氧乙烯山梨糖醇单油酸酯;以及环氧乙烷与衍生自脂肪酸和己糖醇酐的偏酯的缩合产物,例如像聚乙烯脱水山梨糖醇单油酸酯。水性混悬剂还可以含有至少一种防腐剂,例如像对羟基苯甲酸乙酯和对羟基苯甲酸正丙酯;至少一种着色剂;至少一种调味剂;和/或至少一种甜味剂,包括但不限于例如蔗糖、糖精和阿斯巴甜。
油性混悬剂可以例如通过将至少一种式(I)的化合物悬浮在植物油(例如像花生油、橄榄油、芝麻油和椰子油)或者悬浮在矿物油(例如像液体石蜡)中来制备。油性混悬剂还可以含有至少一种增稠剂,例如像蜂蜡、硬石蜡和鲸蜡醇。为了提供可口的油性混悬剂,可以将以上已经描述的至少一种甜味剂和/或至少一种调味剂添加到油性混悬剂中。油性混悬剂可以进一步含有至少一种防腐剂,包括但不限于例如抗氧化剂,例如像丁基化羟基茴香醚和α-生育酚。
可分散散剂和颗粒剂可以例如通过将至少一种式(I)的化合物与至少一种分散剂和/或润湿剂、至少一种助悬剂和/或至少一种防腐剂混合来制备。合适的分散剂、润湿剂和助悬剂已如上文所述。示例性的防腐剂包括但不限于例如抗氧化剂,例如抗坏血酸。此外,可分散散剂和颗粒剂还可以含有至少一种赋形剂,包括但不限于例如甜味剂、调味剂和着色剂。
至少一种式(I)的化合物的乳剂可以例如制备为水包油乳剂。包含式(I)的化合物的乳剂的油相可以以已知方式由已知成分构成。油相可以通过但不限于例如植物油(例如像橄榄油和花生油)、矿物油(例如像液体石蜡)及其混合物来提供。虽然所述相可以仅包含乳化剂,但是它可以包含至少一种乳化剂与脂肪或油或与脂肪和油两者的混合物。合适的乳化剂包括但不限于例如天然存在的磷脂,例如大豆卵磷脂;衍生自脂肪酸和己糖醇酐的酯或偏酯,例如像脱水山梨糖醇单油酸酯;以及偏酯与环氧乙烷的缩合产物,例如像聚氧乙烯脱水山梨糖醇单油酸酯。优选地,亲水性乳化剂与亲脂性乳化剂一起被包括,所述亲脂性乳化剂用作稳定剂。还优选的是包含油和脂肪两者。一种或多种乳化剂与或不与一种或多种稳定剂一起构成所谓的乳化蜡,并且蜡与油和脂肪一起构成所谓的乳化软膏基质,其形成乳膏配制品的油性分散相。乳剂还可以含有甜味剂、调味剂、防腐剂和/或抗氧化剂。适用于本发明配制品的乳化剂和乳剂稳定剂包括吐温60、司盘80、十六十八醇、肉豆蔻醇、单硬脂酸甘油酯、十二烷基硫酸钠、单独或与蜡一起的二硬脂酸甘油酯、或本领域熟知的其他材料。
例如,式(I)的化合物还可以经由任何药学上可接受且合适的可注射形式经静脉内、皮下和/或肌肉内递送。示例性的可注射形式包括但不限于例如无菌水溶液,其包含可接受的媒介物和溶剂,例如像水、林格氏溶液和等渗氯化钠溶液;无菌水包油微乳剂;以及水性或油性混悬剂。
用于肠胃外施用的配制品可以呈水性或非水性等渗无菌注射溶液或混悬剂的形式。这些溶液和混悬剂可以使用提及用于在供口服施用的配制品中使用的一种或多种载体或稀释剂或者通过使用其他合适的分散剂或润湿剂和助悬剂由无菌散剂或颗粒剂制备。可以将化合物溶解在水、聚乙二醇、丙二醇、乙醇、玉米油、棉籽油、花生油、芝麻油、苯甲醇、氯化钠、黄芪胶和/或各种缓冲液中。其他佐剂和施用方式是制药领域中熟知且众所周知的。活性成分也可以通过作为与合适的载体(包括盐水、右旋糖或水)或与环糊精(即Captisol)、共溶剂增溶(即丙二醇)或胶束增溶(即Tween 80)的组合物注射来施用。
无菌可注射制剂还可以是在无毒的肠胃外可接受的稀释剂或溶剂中的无菌可注射溶液或混悬剂,例如作为在1,3-丁二醇中的溶液。可以使用的可接受的媒介物和溶剂包括水、林格氏溶液和等渗氯化钠溶液。另外,常规地将无菌的非挥发性油用作溶剂或助悬介质。为此目的,可以采用任何温和的非挥发性油,包括合成的单甘油酯或二甘油酯。此外,脂肪酸(诸如油酸)可用于制备注射剂。
无菌可注射的水包油微乳剂可以例如通过以下方式制备:1)将至少一种式(I)的化合物溶解在油相(例如像大豆油和卵磷脂的混合物)中;2)将含有式(I)的油相与水和甘油混合物组合;并且3)处理所述组合以形成微乳剂。
可以根据本领域已知的方法制备无菌水性或油性混悬剂。例如,可以用无毒的肠胃外可接受的稀释剂或溶剂(例如像1,3-丁二醇)制备无菌水溶液或混悬剂;并且可以用无菌无毒可接受溶剂或助悬介质(例如像无菌非挥发性油,例如合成的甘油单酯或甘油二酯;和脂肪酸,例如像油酸)制备无菌油性混悬剂。
可用于本发明的药物组合物的药学上可接受的载体、佐剂和媒介物包括但不限于离子交换剂,氧化铝,硬脂酸铝,卵磷脂,自乳化药物递送系统(SEDDS)(诸如d-α-生育酚聚乙二醇1000琥珀酸酯),用于药物剂型的表面活性剂(诸如Tween),聚乙氧基化蓖麻油(诸如CREMOPHOR表面活性剂(BASF)),或其他类似的聚合物递送基质,血清蛋白(诸如人血清白蛋白),缓冲物质(诸如磷酸盐),甘氨酸,山梨酸,山梨酸钾,饱和植物脂肪酸的偏甘油酯混合物,水,盐或电解质(诸如硫酸鱼精蛋白、磷酸氢二钠、磷酸氢钾、氯化钠、锌盐),胶体二氧化硅,三硅酸镁,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮,基于纤维素的物质,聚乙二醇,羧甲基纤维素钠,聚丙烯酸酯,蜡,聚乙烯-聚氧丙烯嵌段聚合物,聚乙二醇和羊毛脂。诸如α-、β-和γ-环糊精的环糊精或诸如羟烷基环糊精(包括2-和3-羟丙基-环糊精)的化学改性的衍生物或其他溶解的衍生物也可以有利地用于增强本文所述的式的化合物的递送。
可以根据常规药学方法加工本发明的药物活性化合物,以产生用于施用于患者(包括人类和其他哺乳动物)的药剂。所述药物组合物可以经受诸如灭菌的常规制药操作和/或可以含有常规佐剂,诸如防腐剂、稳定剂、润湿剂、乳化剂、缓冲液等。片剂和丸剂可以另外用肠溶包衣制备。此类组合物还可以包含佐剂,诸如润湿剂、甜味剂、调味剂和芳香剂。
所施用的化合物的量和用于用本发明的化合物和/或组合物治疗病状的剂量方案取决于多种因素,包括受试者的年龄、重量、性别、医学状况,疾病类型,疾病的严重程度,施用的途径和频率,以及所采用的具体化合物。因此,剂量方案可以广泛变化,但是可以使用标准方法常规确定。约0.001至100mg/kg体重、优选约0.0025与约50mg/kg体重之间、并且最优选约0.005至10mg/kg体重之间的日剂量可能是适当的。日剂量可以以一至四剂/天施用。其他给药方案包括一剂/周和一剂/两天周期。
出于治疗目的,本发明的活性化合物通常与适合于所指示的施用途径的一种或多种佐剂组合。如果口服施用,可以将化合物与乳糖、蔗糖、淀粉、烷酸的纤维素酯、纤维素烷基酯、滑石粉、硬脂酸、硬脂酸镁、氧化镁、磷酸和硫酸的钠盐和钙盐、明胶、阿拉伯胶、海藻酸钠、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和/或聚乙烯醇混合,并且然后压片或胶囊化以方便施用。此类胶囊或片剂可以含有控释配制品,其可以在活性化合物在羟丙基甲基纤维素中的分散体中提供。
本发明的药物组合物包含至少一种式(I)的化合物和任选地选自任何药学上可接受的载体、佐剂和媒介物的另外药剂。本发明的替代组合物包含本文所述的式(I)的化合物或其前药以及药学上可接受的载体、佐剂或媒介物。
本发明还涵盖制品。如本文所用,制品旨在包括但不限于试剂盒和包装。本发明的制品包含:(a)第一容器;(b)位于第一容器内的药物组合物,其中所述组合物包含:第一治疗剂,其包含本发明的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐形式;以及(c)包装插页,其说明所述药物组合物可以用于治疗心血管障碍、利尿和/或尿钠排泄。在另一个实施方案中,该包装插入物指出该药物组合物可以与用于治疗心血管障碍、利尿和/或尿钠排泄的第二治疗剂组合(如前所定义的)使用。所述制品还可以包含:(d)第二容器,其中组分(a)和(b)位于第二容器内,并且组分(c)位于第二容器内或外。位于第一容器和第二容器内意指相应的容器将物品保持在其边界内。
第一容器是用于保持药物组合物的接收容器。此容器可用于制造、储存、运输和/或单独/批量销售。第一容器旨在涵盖瓶、罐、小瓶、烧瓶、注射器、管(例如,用于乳膏制剂)或用于制造、保持、储存或分配药物产品的任何其他容器。
第二容器是用于保持第一容器和任选的包装插页的容器。第二容器的例子包括但不限于盒(例如,纸板或塑料)、板条箱、纸箱、袋(例如,纸或塑料袋)、小袋和大袋。所述包装插页可以经由胶带、胶水、订书钉或另一种附接方法物理地附接到第一容器的外侧,或者它可以静置在第二容器的内侧而无需与第一容器附接的任何物理装置。可替代地,所述包装插页位于第二容器的外侧。当位于第二容器的外侧时,优选的是,所述包装插页经由胶带、胶水、订书钉或另一种附接方法物理地附接。可替代地,它可以与第二容器的外侧相邻或接触,而不是物理地附接。
该包装插入物是标签、签条、标记或其他书面表格,其列举了涉及位于该第一容器内的药物组合物的信息。所列举的信息将通常由管理其中销售制品的地区的管理机构(例如,美国食品和药物管理局)来确定。优选地,所述包装插页具体列举了已被批准药物组合物所针对的适应症。所述包装插页可以由人可以阅读其中或其上所含信息的任何材料制成。优选地,所述包装插页是可印刷材料(例如,纸、塑料、纸板、箔、粘合剂背衬的纸或塑料),在其上已形成(例如,印刷或施加)所需的信息。
制备方法
本发明的化合物可以以有机合成领域的技术人员熟知的多种方式制备。本发明的化合物可以使用下面所描述的方法,连同合成有机化学领域中已知的合成方法、或如本领域技术人员所理解的其变化来合成。优选的方法包括但不限于以下所描述的那些。
本章节所述的反应和技术在适合于所用试剂和材料的溶剂中进行,并且适用于所进行的转化。此外,在以下描述的合成方法的描述中,应当理解,所有提出的反应条件,包括溶剂的选择、反应气氛、反应温度、实验的持续时间和后处理程序,被选择为对于所述反应为标准的条件,本领域技术人员应该容易认识到这一点。有机合成领域的技术人员应理解,分子的各部分上存在的官能团必须与所提出的试剂和反应相容。对于与反应条件相容的取代基的此类限制将对于本领域技术人员而言是容易清楚的,并且于是必须使用替代方法。有时,这将需要判断以修改合成步骤的顺序或选择一种而不是另一种特定的过程方案,以便获得所希望的本发明化合物。还将认识到,在此领域的任何合成途径的规划中的另一个主要考虑因素是明智地选择用于保护本发明中所述化合物中存在的反应性官能团的保护基团。为受过培训的从业者描述许多替代方案的权威解释是Greene等人(ProtectiveGroups in Organic Synthesis,第三版,Wiley and Sons(1999))。
式(I)的化合物可以根据以下方案中概述的方法制备。例如,在方案1中,氯-溴中间体1A可以在碱(诸如三乙胺)和溶剂的存在下与肼反应,以产生中间体1B。中间体1B可以与各种交叉偶联试剂反应以形成化合物诸如1C。最后,1C可以与各种烷基化试剂或在其他碳-氮键形成条件下反应,得到通式I的最终化合物。
方案1
实施例
本发明的化合物和用于制备本发明的化合物的中间体可以使用以下实施例中所示的程序和相关程序制备。这些实施例中使用的方法和条件,以及在这些实施例中制备的实际化合物并不意在限制,而意在展现可以如何制备本发明的化合物。当不通过本文所描述的程序制备时,这些实施例中使用的起始材料和试剂通常是可商购的,或者报道于化学文献中,或者可以通过使用化学文献中描述的程序制备。在以下实施例中进一步定义了本发明。应该理解的是,实施例仅以说明的方式给出。从以上讨论和实施例看出,本领域技术人员可以确定本发明的本质特征,并且在不偏离其精神和范围的情况下,可以进行各种改变和修改以使本发明适应各种用途和条件。因此,本发明不受下文所述的说明性实施例的限制,而是由所附权利要求限定。
在给出的实施例中,短语“进行干燥和浓缩”通常是指将在有机溶剂中的溶液经硫酸钠或硫酸镁干燥,随后过滤并且从滤液中除去溶剂(通常在减压下并且在适用于材料的稳定性的温度下
使用Isco中压色谱装置(Teledyne Corporation)用预填充的硅胶管柱进行柱色谱,用所指示的溶剂或溶剂混合物洗脱。使用反相柱(Waters Sunfire C18,Waters XbridgeC18, Axia C18,YMC S5 ODS等)进行制备型高效液相色谱(HPLC),所述反相柱的尺寸适用于分离的材料的量,通常用在水中渐增浓度的甲醇或乙腈(还含有0.05%或0.1%三氟乙酸或10mM乙酸铵)梯度以适合于柱尺寸和待实现的分离的洗脱速度进行洗脱。使用ChemDraw Ultra,版本9.0.5(CambridgeSoft)确定化学名称。使用以下缩写:
aq. 水性的
盐水 饱和氯化钠水溶液
DCM 二氯甲烷
DMF N,N-二甲基甲酰胺
DMSO 二甲基亚砜
DPPF 1,1'-双(二苯基膦基)二茂铁
EtOAc 乙酸乙酯
EtOH 乙醇
g 克
h 小时
HPLC 高效液相色谱
LCMS 液相色谱-质谱
MeCN 乙腈
MeOH 甲醇
MPLC 中压液相色谱法
NH4OAc 乙酸铵
PdCl2(dppf)[1,1'-双(二苯基膦基)二茂铁]二氯化钯(II)
pet ether 石油醚
t-BuOH 叔丁醇
TFA 三氟乙酸
THF 四氢呋喃
HPLC条件:
方法A:Waters Acquity UPLC BEH C18,2.1x50 mm,1.7μm颗粒;流动相A:5:95乙腈:水(具有10mM乙酸铵);流动相B:95:5乙腈:水(具有10mM乙酸铵);温度:50℃;梯度:经3分钟0-100%B,然后在100%B下保持0.75分钟;流速:1.0mL/min;检测:220nm处UV。
实施例1
1-异丙基-N-(哌啶-4-基甲基)-8-(吡啶-3-基)-1H-吡唑并[3,4-d]吡咯并[1,2-b]哒嗪-3-胺
中间体1A:8-溴-1-异丙基-1H-吡唑并[3,4-d]吡咯并[1,2-b]哒嗪-3-胺
将6-溴-4-氯吡咯并[1,2-b]哒嗪-3-甲腈(200mg,0.78mmol)于DMF(3mL)中的悬浮液中添加盐酸异丙基肼(95mg,0.86mmol)和Na2CO3(174mg,1.64mmol)。将反应混合物在室温下搅拌过夜。向反应混合物添加水并用EA萃取。将有机萃取物用NaHCO3和盐水洗涤,然后经Na2SO4干燥并过滤。浓缩后,通过柱色谱纯化产物,得到8-溴-1-异丙基-1H-吡唑并[3,4-d]吡咯并[1,2-b]哒嗪-3-胺(128 mg,56%产率)。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ8.16(s,1H),7.72(d,J=1.5Hz,1H),6.68(d,J=2.7Hz,1H),4.76(m,1H),4.14(br s,2H),1.59(s,3H),1.57(s,3H)。
中间体1B:1-异丙基-8-(吡啶-3-基)-1H-吡唑并[3,4-d]吡咯并[1,2-b]哒嗪-3-胺
将8-溴-1-异丙基-1H-吡唑并[3,4-d]吡咯并[1,2-b]哒嗪-3-胺(26mg,0.088mmol)、3-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷-2-基)吡啶(19.94mg,0.097mmol)、K3PO4(0.133mL,0.265mmol)和PdCl2(dppf)-CH2Cl2(1.53mg,4.42μmol)于1,4-二噁烷(2mL)中的混合物用N2吹扫。将反应器皿密封并在120℃下在微波反应器中加热0.5h。将反应混合物冷却至室温,并经由制备型HPLC直接纯化产物。
实施例1:
向1-异丙基-8-(吡啶-3-基)-1H-吡唑并[3,4-d]吡咯并[1,2-b]哒嗪-3-胺(25mg,0.086mmol)于MeOH(3mL)中的悬浮液中添加乙酸(15.4mg,0.26mmol)、4-甲酰基哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(23.7mg,0.111mmol)和NaBH3CN(8.6mg,0.14mmol)。将反应容器密封,并且将反应混合物在室温下搅拌3h。将反应混合物浓缩并通过短硅胶柱,并且将产物级分浓缩并简单地干燥。添加DCM以溶解产物,随后添加TFA。通过LCMS监测混合物向游离胺的转化。在反应完成后,将混合物直接经由制备型HPLC纯化,得到1-异丙基-N-(哌啶-4-基甲基)-8-(吡啶-3-基)-1H-二吡咯并[1,2-b:2',3'-d]哒嗪-3-胺2mg,6%产率)。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.05(br s,1H),8.47(s,1H),8.42(br s,1H),8.35(s,1H),8.19(br d,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.45-7.37(m,2H),6.40(br s,1H),4.99(br s,1H),3.19-3.05(m,3H),2.63(br s,2H),1.89-1.69(m,4H),1.46(br d,J=6.1Hz,6H),1.24(m,2H)。LCMS m/z 389.9(M+);HPLC rt1.25min,条件A。
使用适当的起始材料使用实施例1所概述的一般方法制备表1中的实施例。
表1
生物学测定
本发明化合物的药理特性可以通过许多生物学测定来确认。已经用本发明的化合物进行以下示例的生物学测定。
IRAK4抑制测定
测定在U形底384孔板中进行。最终的测定体积为通过以下制备的30μL:添加15μL酶和底物(荧光肽和ATP)以及在测定缓冲液中的测试化合物(20mM HEPES pH 7.2,10mMMgCl2,0.015%Brij 35和4mM DTT)。通过IRAK4与底物和测试化合物组合引发反应。将反应混合物在室温下孵育60min,并通过向每个样品中添加45μL的35mM EDTA而终止。在Caliper3000(Caliper,马萨诸塞州霍普金顿)上通过电泳分离荧光底物和磷酸化产物来分析反应混合物。通过与100%抑制的无酶对照反应和0%抑制的仅媒介物反应进行比较来计算抑制数据。测定中试剂的最终浓度为:ATP,500μM;FL-IPTSPITTTYFFFKKK肽1.5μM;IRAK4,0.6nM;以及DMSO,1.6%。
IRAK4全血测定
将含有抗凝剂ACD-A的人全血铺板在384孔板中(25μL/孔),并在5%CO2培养箱中与化合物一起在37℃下孵育60分钟。在5%CO2培养箱中,将血液用TLR2激动剂即在25μLRPMI(Gibco)中终浓度为10μg/mL的脂磷壁酸(Invivogen,加利福尼亚州圣地亚哥)刺激5小时。在孵育结束时,将板以2300rpm离心5分钟。收获上清液并且通过流式细胞术珠测定(BD生物科学公司(BD Biosciences),加利福尼亚州圣何塞)分析IL-6水平。
PBMC TLR2诱导的IL-6测定。
通过Ficoll梯度离心从含有抗凝剂EDTA(2.5mM)的人血中分离外周血单核细胞(PBMC)。在5%CO2培养箱中,将PBMC(250000个细胞/孔)与化合物一起在测定培养基(具有10%热灭活FCS的RPMI)中在37℃下培养30分钟。用化合物预处理后,将细胞用TLR2激动剂10μg/ml脂磷壁酸(Invivogen,加利福尼亚州圣地亚哥)刺激5小时。在培养结束时,将板以1800rpm离心10分钟以将细胞粒化。收获上清液并且通过ELISA(BD生物科学公司,加利福尼亚州圣何塞)分析IL-6水平。
下表列出了在IRAK4抑制测定IRAK4全血测定中测量的本发明以下实施例的IRAK4IC50值和全血EC50值。如以下实施例所示例的本发明化合物显示IRAK IC50抑制值小于0.6μM。
表8
IRAK4抑制数据
序列表
<110> 百时美施贵宝公司
<120> 可用作IRAK4抑制剂的吡唑并[3,4-d]吡咯并[1,2-b]哒嗪基化合物
<130> 13302-WO-PCT
<150> US62/875,567
<151> 2019-07-18
<160> 1
<170> PatentIn 3.5版
<210> 1
<211> 16
<212> PRT
<213> 智人(Homo sapiens)
<220>
<221> 尚未归类的特征
<223> 附接至氨基酸的荧光标签1
<400> 1
Ile Pro Thr Ser Pro Ile Thr Thr Thr Tyr Phe Phe Phe Lys Lys Lys
1 5 10 15
Claims (8)
1.一种式(I)的化合物
或其盐,其中:
R1是-NHR1a或-NHCH2R1a;
R1a是C4-6环烷基、氮杂环丁烷基、吡咯烷基、哌啶基或氮杂环庚烷基,各自被零至2个独立地选自F、Cl、-OH、-CN、C1-3烷基、C1-2氟烷基、-C(O)(C1-3烷基)、-C(O)O(C1-3烷基)、和-NRxC(O)O(C1-3烷基)的取代基取代;
R2是:
(i)被零至4个独立地选自F、Cl、-OH和-CN的取代基取代的C1-6烷基;或
(ii)选自C3-6环烷基、氧杂环丁烷基、四氢呋喃基、四氢吡喃基和吡唑基的环状基团,其中所述环状基团被零至3个独立地选自F、-OH、-CN、C1-2烷基、C1-2氟烷基和C1-2羟烷基的取代基取代;
R3是苯基、吡唑基、咪唑基、三唑基、吡啶基、吡啶酮基或嘧啶基,各自被零至3个选自F、Cl、-OH、-CN、C1-2烷基、-CF3和-CH2OH的取代基取代;
每个R4独立地是F、Cl、-CH3或-CN;
每个Rx是氢或-CH3;并且
n是零、1或2。
2.根据权利要求1所述的化合物或其盐,其中:
R1a是C5-6环烷基、吡咯烷基或哌啶基,各自被零至2个独立地选自F、-OH、-CN、C1-2烷基、C1氟烷基、-C(O)(C1-2烷基)、-C(O)O(C1-2烷基)和-NRxC(O)O(C1-2烷基)的取代基取代;
R2是被零至3个独立地选自F、Cl、-OH和-CN的取代基取代的C1-3烷基;
R3是苯基、吡唑基、咪唑基、三唑基、吡啶基或嘧啶基,各自被零至2个选自F、Cl、-OH、-CN、-CH3、-CF3和-CH2OH的取代基取代;并且
n是零或1。
3.根据权利要求1所述的化合物或其盐,其中:
R1是-NHR1a或-NHCH2R1a;
R1a是环己基或哌啶基,各自被零至1个选自-CH3、-C(O)CH3、-C(O)OCH3和-NHC(O)OCH3的取代基取代;
R2是-CH(CH3)2;
R3是吡啶基;并且
n是零。
4.根据权利要求1所述的化合物或其盐,其中R1a是C5-6环烷基,各自被零至2个独立地选自F、-OH、-CN、C1-2烷基、C1氟烷基、-C(O)(C1-2烷基)、-C(O)O(C1-2烷基)和-NRxC(O)O(C1-2烷基)的取代基取代。
5.根据权利要求1所述的化合物或其盐,其中R1a是吡咯烷基或哌啶基,各自被零至2个独立地选自F、-OH、-CN、C1-2烷基、C1氟烷基、-C(O)(C1-2烷基)、-C(O)O(C1-2烷基)和-NRxC(O)O(C1-2烷基)的取代基取代。
6.根据权利要求1所述的化合物或其盐,其中所述化合物选自:
1-异丙基-N-(哌啶-4-基甲基)-8-(吡啶-3-基)-1H-吡唑并[3,4-d]吡咯并[1,2-b]哒嗪-3-胺(1);
4-(((1-异丙基-8-(吡啶-3-基)-1H-吡唑并[3,4-d]吡咯并[1,2-b]哒嗪-3-基)氨基)甲基)哌啶-1-甲酸甲酯(2);
1-异丙基-N-(哌啶-4-基甲基)-8-(吡啶-4-基)-1H-吡唑并[3,4-d]吡咯并[1,2-b]哒嗪-3-胺(3);
4-(((1-异丙基-8-(吡啶-4-基)-1H-吡唑并[3,4-d]吡咯并[1,2-b]哒嗪-3-基)氨基)甲基)哌啶-1-甲酸甲酯(4);
1-异丙基-N-((1-甲基哌啶-4-基)甲基)-8-(吡啶-4-基)-1H-吡唑并[3,4-d]吡咯并[1,2-b]哒嗪-3-胺(5);
(4-((1-异丙基-8-(吡啶-3-基)-1H-吡唑并[3,4-d]吡咯并[1,2-b]哒嗪-3-基)氨基)环己基)氨基甲酸甲酯(6);
(4-((1-异丙基-8-(吡啶-4-基)-1H-吡唑并[3,4-d]吡咯并[1,2-b]哒嗪-3-基)氨基)环己基)氨基甲酸甲酯(7);
1-(4-((1-异丙基-8-(吡啶-4-基)-1H-吡唑并[3,4-d]吡咯并[1,2-b]哒嗪-3-基)氨基)哌啶-1-基)乙-1-酮(8);以及
1-异丙基-N-(哌啶-4-基)-8-(吡啶-4-基)-1H-吡唑并[3,4-d]吡咯并[1,2-b]哒嗪-3-胺(9)。
7.一种药物组合物,其包含一种或多种根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的化合物或其盐,和药学上可接受的载体或稀释剂。
8.根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的化合物或其盐在制备用于治疗选自克罗恩病、溃疡性结肠炎、哮喘、移植物抗宿主病、同种异体移植排斥、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、格雷夫斯病、类风湿性关节炎、系统性红斑狼疮、狼疮性肾炎、皮肤狼疮、银屑病、cryopyrin相关的周期性综合征、TNF受体相关的周期性综合征、家族性地中海热、成人发作的斯蒂尔病、全身性发作的幼年特发性关节炎、多发性硬化、神经性疼痛、痛风和痛风性关节炎的疾病的药物中的用途。
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- 2020-07-16 JP JP2022502994A patent/JP2022541265A/ja active Pending
- 2020-07-16 KR KR1020227005025A patent/KR20220035447A/ko unknown
- 2020-07-16 EP EP20753554.3A patent/EP3999512B1/en active Active
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- 2020-07-16 CN CN202080050856.3A patent/CN114127075B/zh active Active
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EP3999512B1 (en) | 2023-08-23 |
WO2021011727A1 (en) | 2021-01-21 |
CN114127075A (zh) | 2022-03-01 |
EP3999512A1 (en) | 2022-05-25 |
JP2022541265A (ja) | 2022-09-22 |
KR20220035447A (ko) | 2022-03-22 |
US20220267335A1 (en) | 2022-08-25 |
ES2960521T3 (es) | 2024-03-05 |
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