CN114123580A - Self-starting permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor rotor and motor - Google Patents
Self-starting permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor rotor and motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN114123580A CN114123580A CN202111355066.9A CN202111355066A CN114123580A CN 114123580 A CN114123580 A CN 114123580A CN 202111355066 A CN202111355066 A CN 202111355066A CN 114123580 A CN114123580 A CN 114123580A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
- H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/02—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the magnetic material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
- H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
- H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
Abstract
The invention provides a self-starting permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor rotor and a motor, wherein the self-starting permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor rotor comprises a plurality of rotor punching sheets, permanent magnets are arranged on the rotor punching sheets, the permanent magnets comprise an outer layer permanent magnet relatively positioned on the radial outer side, an inner layer permanent magnet relatively positioned on the radial inner side and a third permanent magnet, the coercive force of the outer layer permanent magnet and the coercive force of the inner layer permanent magnet are equal and smaller than that of the third permanent magnet, the third permanent magnet is positioned on a d axis of the motor rotor, the inner layer permanent magnet is divided into a first section and a second section, the first section is connected to one side edge of the third permanent magnet, the second section is connected to the other side edge of the third permanent magnet, and the first section and the second section are symmetrical relative to the d axis. According to the invention, the demagnetization resistance of the middle part of the inner permanent magnet layer can be enhanced, the running stability of the motor is improved, and the protection effect of the squirrel cage magnetic field on the ferrite is enhanced through the combined design of the filling groove and the permanent magnet.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of motors, in particular to a self-starting permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor rotor and a motor.
Background
The self-starting permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor combines the advantages of an asynchronous motor on the basis of the permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor, realizes self-starting through asynchronous torque generated by a rotor conducting bar, and realizes constant-speed operation through permanent magnet torque and reluctance torque. Compared with an asynchronous motor, the motor can run at a constant speed, the loss of a rotor is low, and the efficiency is high; compared with an asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor, the permanent magnet synchronous motor has the advantages of less permanent magnet consumption and low motor cost. However, the permanent magnet is built in the rotor of the self-starting permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor, and the irreversible demagnetization of the permanent magnet can be caused by the combined action of the armature winding demagnetizing field and the squirrel cage asynchronous motor effect magnetic field. The invention solves the problem of irreversible demagnetization of the permanent magnet in the self-starting permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor, and enhances the running reliability of the motor.
The invention provides a self-starting permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor rotor and a motor, which are researched and designed, because the technical problems that the irreversible demagnetization of a permanent magnet is caused by the combined action of an armature winding demagnetizing field and a squirrel cage asynchronous motor effect field in the self-starting permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor in the prior art are solved.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defect that the irreversible demagnetization of the permanent magnet is caused by the combined action of an armature winding demagnetization magnetic field and a squirrel-cage asynchronous motor effect magnetic field in the self-starting permanent magnet assistance in the prior art, thereby providing the self-starting permanent magnet assistance synchronous reluctance motor rotor and the motor.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a self-starting permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor rotor which comprises a plurality of rotor punching sheets, wherein the rotor punching sheets are laminated to form a rotor core, permanent magnets are arranged on the rotor punching sheets, and the rotor punching sheets are provided with shaft holes; the permanent magnet comprises an outer permanent magnet, an inner permanent magnet and a third permanent magnet, wherein the outer permanent magnet is positioned on the radial outer side, the inner permanent magnet is positioned on the radial inner side, the outer permanent magnet and the inner permanent magnet are equal in coercive force and smaller than the coercive force of the third permanent magnet, the third permanent magnet is positioned on a d axis of the motor rotor, the inner permanent magnet is divided into a first section and a second section, the first section is connected to one side edge of the third permanent magnet, the second section is connected to the other side edge of the third permanent magnet, and the first section and the second section are symmetrical relative to the d axis.
In some embodiments, the third permanent magnet is neodymium iron boron; the outer layer permanent magnet is outer layer ferrite, and the inner layer permanent magnet is inner layer ferrite.
In some embodiments, the distance between the third permanent magnet and the adjacent outer layer permanent magnet along the magnetizing direction is L1, the maximum distance between the inner layer permanent magnet and the adjacent outer layer permanent magnet along the magnetizing direction is L2, and L1 is more than or equal to L2.
In some embodiments, L1 satisfies 0.8h1 ≦ L1 ≦ 1.6h1, L2 satisfies 0.8h1 ≦ L2 ≦ 1.2h1, and h1 is the minimum thickness of the inner layer permanent magnet in the magnetization direction.
In some embodiments, in a cross section of the rotor punching sheet, the third permanent magnet is rectangular, and a thickness h3 of the third permanent magnet in the d-axis direction meets 0.2h1< h3<0.5h1, wherein h1 is a minimum thickness of the inner layer permanent magnet in the magnetizing direction.
In some embodiments, the width L of the third permanent magnet in the direction perpendicular to the magnetizing direction is in the range of 8 sigma L12 sigma, and sigma is the width of the air gap between the inner diameter of the stator and the outer diameter of the rotor.
In some embodiments, in a cross section of the rotor punching sheet, the outer permanent magnet is in a shape of a sector ring, and the inner permanent magnet is in a shape of a sector ring or a rectangle; or the outer layer permanent magnet and/or the inner layer permanent magnet are in a multi-section structure, a bend is formed between two adjacent sections, and the multi-section structure is spliced into a U-shaped structure, a V-shaped structure or a W-shaped structure.
In some embodiments, the permanent magnets under one rotor pole are arranged symmetrically about the d-axis and are arranged in 2 layers and above radially; and/or the motor rotor has 4 poles, 6 poles or 8 poles.
In some embodiments, the thicknesses of the inner layer permanent magnet and the outer layer permanent magnet are not equal in the d-axis direction, h1 is the minimum thickness of the inner layer permanent magnet in the magnetizing direction, h2 is the minimum thickness of the outer layer permanent magnet in the magnetizing direction, h2 > h1, and h2 satisfies 10 σ ≦ h2 ≦ 16 σ, and σ is the width of the air gap between the stator inner diameter and the rotor outer diameter.
In some embodiments, the included angle between the connecting line from the center of the rotor to the edge of the permanent magnet is used as the pole arc angle of the permanent magnet, and the pole arc angle of the permanent magnet decreases along the direction of the d axis, namely, α 2 is less than α 1, α 1 is the pole arc angle of the inner layer permanent magnet, and α 2 is the pole arc angle of the outer layer permanent magnet.
In some embodiments, the minimum distance L3 between the third permanent magnet and the shaft hole satisfies 5 σ ≦ L3 ≦ 18 σ, the minimum distance L4 between the inner permanent magnet and the shaft hole satisfies 4 σ ≦ L4 ≦ 15 σ, and L3> L4, σ being the width of the air gap between the stator inner diameter and the rotor outer diameter.
In some embodiments, the rotor further comprises filling grooves which are distributed along the circumference of the rotor in the radial direction and are arranged in the same layer with the permanent magnets, at least 1 filling groove is arranged at each end of each layer of the permanent magnets, and no magnetism isolating groove is arranged between each filling groove and each permanent magnet.
In some embodiments, the distance L6 between the fill slot and the outer circle of the rotor is greater than σ, σ being the width of the air gap between the stator inner diameter and the rotor outer diameter; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the filling grooves and the permanent magnets in each layer of permanent magnet barrier layer are separated, the spacing width L5 between the filling grooves and the permanent magnets meets the condition that 0.8 sigma is larger than or equal to L5 is smaller than or equal to 2 sigma, and sigma is the width of an air gap between the inner diameter of the stator and the outer diameter of the rotor.
In some embodiments, the error between the maximum width L7 of the filling groove along the radial direction of the rotor and the minimum thickness h1 of the permanent magnet on the same layer along the magnetizing direction is within 10%, namely h1 is less than or equal to L7 is less than or equal to 1.1h1, and h1 is the minimum thickness of the permanent magnet on the inner layer along the magnetizing direction.
In some embodiments, the filling grooves are closed grooves filled with conductive and non-conductive materials, the filling grooves are connected through end rings at two ends of the rotor to form a squirrel cage structure, and the end rings are made of the same material as the filling material in the filling grooves.
In some embodiments, the shaft hole is circular or rectangular in shape.
The invention also provides a motor comprising the self-starting permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor rotor.
The self-starting permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor rotor and the motor provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention sets an inner permanent magnet, an outer permanent magnet and a third permanent magnet, wherein the coercive force of the outer permanent magnet is equal to that of the inner permanent magnet and is smaller than that of the third permanent magnet, the third permanent magnet is positioned on a d-axis of a motor rotor, the inner permanent magnet is divided into a first section and a second section, the first section is connected with one side of the third permanent magnet, the second section is connected with the other side of the third permanent magnet, the first section and the second section are symmetrical relative to the d-axis, the anti-demagnetization capability of the middle part of an inner permanent magnet layer is enhanced through the structural design of a mixed permanent magnet of ferrite and neodymium iron boron, the operation stability of the motor is improved, the protection effect of a squirrel cage magnetic field on the ferrite is enhanced through the combined design of a filling groove and the permanent magnets, and the anti-demagnetization capability of the ferrite is improved, meanwhile, the self-starting of the motor can be realized, the controller loss does not exist, the motor output is increased, and the motor efficiency is improved; the invention can also effectively increase the permanent magnet flux linkage of the motor and improve the permanent magnet torque of the motor, and the arrangement provides magnetic flux for the q-axis magnetic circuit of the motor rotor, thereby further increasing the salient pole difference of the motor, fully utilizing the reluctance torque of the motor and further improving the torque output capability of the motor.
2. According to the invention, the inner layer permanent magnet is preferably an inner layer ferrite, the outer layer permanent magnet is preferably an outer layer ferrite, the third permanent magnet is preferably neodymium iron boron and is arranged on a d shaft of the rotor, and the middle part of the inner layer permanent magnet is set as neodymium iron boron, so that on one hand, a magnetic channel with a certain width can be ensured, the saturation of the motor is reduced, on the other hand, the permanent magnet flux linkage and the permanent magnet torque of the motor are increased, the permanent magnet torque of the motor is improved, the torque output capability of the motor is improved, the magnetic density of the middle position of the inner layer ferrite can be enhanced, and the demagnetization resistance of the motor is improved; the invention provides a mixed permanent magnet rotor structure of a self-starting permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor, which can improve the demagnetization resistance of ferrite and enhance the running reliability of the motor.
3. The invention provides a self-starting permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor hybrid permanent magnet rotor structure, wherein a rotor punching sheet is provided with a filling groove, a permanent magnet and a shaft hole, wherein the permanent magnet comprises two types of ferrite and neodymium iron boron or other materials with permanent magnet characteristics; the filling grooves are radially distributed along the circumference of the rotor and are arranged on the same layer with the ferrite, the filling grooves are filled with conductive and non-magnetic materials such as aluminum or aluminum alloy, and the like, and the motor can realize self-starting through the combined design of the filling grooves and the permanent magnets, so that the torque output capacity of the motor is improved, the loss of a controller is saved, the efficiency of the motor is improved, and the running economy of the motor is enhanced;
4. in the invention, no magnetism isolating groove is arranged between the filling groove and the ferrite which are arranged on the same layer, and the filling groove and the ferrite are only isolated by the reinforcing rib with a certain width, so that the structural strength of the rotor can be ensured; the squirrel-cage asynchronous magnetic field generated by the filling groove plays a role in shielding an armature reaction magnetic field, namely the squirrel-cage magnetic field has a protection effect on the permanent magnet, and the magnetic isolation groove is not arranged between the filling groove and the ferrite to reduce the obstruction to the squirrel-cage magnetic field, so that the squirrel-cage magnetic field can directly act on the ferrite, and the demagnetization resistance of the motor is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a rotor sheet of a self-starting permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an axial view of a self-starting permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance machine rotor according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph comparing the magnetic flux density of a permanent magnet according to the present invention and the prior art;
fig. 4 is a structural diagram of a rotor sheet of a self-starting permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numerals are represented as:
1. rotor punching sheets; 2. filling the groove; 3. a permanent magnet; 31. an outer permanent magnet; 32. an inner permanent magnet; 4. a third permanent magnet; 5. a shaft hole; 6. and an end ring.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-4, the invention provides a self-starting permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor rotor, which comprises a plurality of rotor laminations 1, wherein the rotor laminations 1 are laminated to form a rotor core, permanent magnets 3 are arranged on the rotor laminations 1, and the rotor laminations 1 are provided with shaft holes 5; the permanent magnet 3 comprises an outer permanent magnet 31, an inner permanent magnet 32 and a third permanent magnet 4, wherein the outer permanent magnet 31 is located on the radial outer side, the inner permanent magnet 32 is located on the radial inner side, the coercive force of the outer permanent magnet 31 is equal to that of the inner permanent magnet 32, the coercive force of the outer permanent magnet and that of the inner permanent magnet 32 are smaller than that of the third permanent magnet 4, the third permanent magnet 4 is located on the d axis of the motor rotor, the inner permanent magnet 32 is divided into a first section and a second section, the first section is connected to one side edge of the third permanent magnet 4, the second section is connected to the other side edge of the third permanent magnet 4, and the first section and the second section are symmetrical relative to the d axis.
The invention sets an inner permanent magnet, an outer permanent magnet and a third permanent magnet, wherein the coercive force of the outer permanent magnet is equal to that of the inner permanent magnet and is smaller than that of the third permanent magnet, the third permanent magnet is positioned on a d-axis of a motor rotor, the inner permanent magnet is divided into a first section and a second section, the first section is connected with one side of the third permanent magnet, the second section is connected with the other side of the third permanent magnet, the first section and the second section are symmetrical relative to the d-axis, the anti-demagnetization capability of the middle part of an inner permanent magnet layer is enhanced through the structural design of a mixed permanent magnet of ferrite and neodymium iron boron, the operation stability of the motor is improved, the protection effect of a squirrel cage magnetic field on the ferrite is enhanced through the combined design of a filling groove and the permanent magnets, and the anti-demagnetization capability of the ferrite is improved, meanwhile, the self-starting of the motor can be realized, the controller loss does not exist, the motor output is increased, and the motor efficiency is improved; the invention can also effectively increase the permanent magnet flux linkage of the motor and improve the permanent magnet torque of the motor, and the arrangement provides magnetic flux for the q-axis magnetic circuit of the motor rotor, thereby further increasing the salient pole difference of the motor, fully utilizing the reluctance torque of the motor and further improving the torque output capability of the motor.
1. The invention provides a rotor structure of a self-starting permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor, which can improve the demagnetization resistance of the self-starting permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor and enhance the running reliability of the motor.
2. The invention provides a self-starting permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor rotor structure which increases the permanent magnet torque of a motor and improves the motor efficiency through the structural design of a mixed permanent magnet of ferrite and neodymium iron boron.
In some embodiments, the third permanent magnet 4 is neodymium iron boron; the outer layer permanent magnet 31 is an outer layer ferrite, and the inner layer permanent magnet 32 is an inner layer ferrite. According to the invention, the inner layer permanent magnet is preferably an inner layer ferrite, the outer layer permanent magnet is preferably an outer layer ferrite, the third permanent magnet is preferably neodymium iron boron and is arranged on a d shaft of the rotor, and the middle part of the inner layer permanent magnet is set as neodymium iron boron, so that on one hand, a magnetic channel with a certain width can be ensured, the saturation of the motor is reduced, on the other hand, the permanent magnet flux linkage and the permanent magnet torque of the motor are increased, the permanent magnet torque of the motor is improved, the torque output capability of the motor is improved, the magnetic density of the middle position of the inner layer ferrite can be enhanced, and the demagnetization resistance of the motor is improved; the invention provides a mixed permanent magnet rotor structure of a self-starting permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor, which can improve the demagnetization resistance of ferrite and enhance the running reliability of the motor.
The invention provides a self-starting permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor rotor structure which is formed by laminating rotor punching sheets 1 with specific structures. According to the permanent magnet motor, the mixed permanent magnet structure of the ferrite and the neodymium iron boron is arranged on the rotor, so that the demagnetization resistance of the motor is enhanced, and the running stability of the motor is improved; through the combined structure design of the permanent magnet and the filling groove, the protection effect of the squirrel cage magnetic field on the permanent magnet can be effectively utilized, the demagnetization resistance of the permanent magnet is further improved, and the running stability of the motor is improved; the self-starting of the motor is realized by arranging the filling groove on the rotor.
In fig. 1, a rotor punching sheet 1, a permanent magnet 3, an outer layer permanent magnet 31 (preferably outer layer ferrite), an inner layer permanent magnet 32 (preferably inner layer ferrite), a third permanent magnet 4 (preferably neodymium iron boron), a filling groove 2, a shaft hole 5 and an end ring 6. The rotor is composed of a rotor punching sheet 1 with a specific structure and end rings 6 at two ends of a rotor iron core, and the rotor punching sheet 1 is provided with a permanent magnet 3, a filling groove 2 and a shaft hole 5 matched with a rotating shaft. The permanent magnet 3 and the filling groove 2 jointly form a multilayer permanent magnet magnetic barrier structure of the rotor. The permanent magnets 3 under one rotor pole are arranged symmetrically about the d-axis, and are arranged in 2 layers and more in the radial direction.
In the invention, the multilayer permanent magnetic barrier structure is divided into an outer permanent magnetic barrier layer closest to the outer circle side of the rotor and an inner permanent magnetic barrier layer close to the shaft hole side; the outer permanent magnetic barrier layer consists of ferrite and filling grooves at two ends of the ferrite; the inner permanent magnetic barrier layer is composed of ferrite, filling grooves at two ends of the ferrite and neodymium iron boron.
In the invention, the permanent magnet comprises two types of ferrite and neodymium iron boron, and compared with other permanent magnet materials, the ferrite has the advantages of low cost and no risk of high-temperature demagnetization; the neodymium iron boron has large magnetic density and excellent demagnetization resistance.
Furthermore, the third permanent magnet 4 in the middle of the inner permanent magnet is set to be neodymium iron boron, meanwhile, the neodymium iron boron is positioned in the direction of the d axis, and the permanent magnets on the two sides of the neodymium iron boron are set to be inner ferrite; on the other hand, the arrangement of the neodymium iron boron material can increase the permanent magnet flux linkage of the motor and improve the permanent magnet torque of the motor.
In some embodiments, the distance between the third permanent magnet 4 and the adjacent outer layer permanent magnet 31 along the magnetizing direction is L1, the maximum distance between the inner layer permanent magnet 32 and the adjacent outer layer permanent magnet 31 along the magnetizing direction is L2, and L1 is equal to or greater than L2.
In some embodiments, L1 satisfies 0.8h1 ≦ L1 ≦ 1.6h1, L2 satisfies 0.8h1 ≦ L2 ≦ 1.2h1, and h1 is the minimum thickness of the inner permanent magnet 32 in the magnetization direction. The invention aims to ensure a magnetic channel with a certain width and reduce the saturation of the motor by the common arrangement of L1 more than L2, L1 more than or equal to 0.8h1 and less than or equal to 1.6h1 and L2 more than or equal to 0.8h1 and less than or equal to 1.2h 1.
In some embodiments, in a cross section of the rotor punching sheet 1, the third permanent magnet 4 is rectangular, and a thickness h3 of the third permanent magnet 4 in the d-axis direction satisfies 0.2h1< h3<0.5h1, where h1 is a minimum thickness of the inner layer permanent magnet 32 in the magnetization direction.
In some embodiments, the width L of the third permanent magnet 4 in the direction perpendicular to the charging direction is in the range of 8 σ ≦ L ≦ 12 σ, σ being the width of the air gap between the stator inner diameter and the rotor outer diameter.
The thickness and width of the neodymium iron boron can be limited by 0.2h 1h 3 h1 and 8 sigma L not less than 12 sigma, and the neodymium iron boron can further have certain demagnetization resistance under the condition of ensuring certain permanent magnet utilization rate.
In some embodiments, in a cross section of the rotor sheet 1, the outer permanent magnet 31 is shaped like a sector ring, and the inner permanent magnet 32 is shaped like a sector ring or a rectangle; or, the outer layer permanent magnet 31 and/or the inner layer permanent magnet 32 are in a multi-section structure, a bend is formed between two adjacent sections, and the multi-section structure is spliced into a U-shaped structure, a V-shaped structure or a W-shaped structure.
Fig. 4 is a structural view of a rotor sheet according to a second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the outer layer ferrite and the inner layer ferrite are rectangular and arranged in blocks on the same layer of ferrite, optionally, the inner layer ferrite and the outer layer ferrite can also be arc-shaped and arranged in a whole block on the same layer, so that the rotor space is effectively utilized for arranging the permanent magnets, and the permanent magnet torque of the motor is improved to obtain higher motor efficiency; the rotor structure may also be used in a 2-pole or multi-pole motor. The technical scheme can achieve the same technical effect as the first embodiment.
In some embodiments, the permanent magnets under one rotor pole are arranged symmetrically about the d-axis and are arranged in 2 layers and above radially; and/or the motor rotor has 4 poles, 6 poles or 8 poles.
In some embodiments, the thicknesses of the inner permanent magnet 32 and the outer permanent magnet 31 are not equal to each other along the d-axis direction, h1 is the minimum thickness of the inner permanent magnet along the magnetizing direction, h2 is the minimum thickness of the outer permanent magnet along the magnetizing direction, and h2 is greater than h1, so that the demagnetization consistency of the inner and outer permanent magnets is ensured. And h2 satisfies 10 σ ≦ h2 ≦ 16 σ, σ being the width of the air gap between the stator inner diameter and the rotor outer diameter. The purpose of the arrangement is to ensure that the permanent magnet has certain demagnetization resistance under the condition of ensuring certain permanent magnet utilization rate.
In some embodiments, the included angle between the connecting line from the center of the rotor to the edge of the permanent magnet is used as the pole arc angle of the permanent magnet, and the pole arc angle of the permanent magnet decreases along the direction of the d axis, namely, α 2 is less than α 1, α 1 is the pole arc angle of the inner layer permanent magnet, and α 2 is the pole arc angle of the outer layer permanent magnet. The purpose of the arrangement is to enable magnetic lines of force of the multilayer permanent magnets to enter the air gap after being connected in series, and the utilization rate of the permanent magnets is improved.
In some embodiments, the rotor punching sheet 1 has a shaft hole 5, the minimum distance L3 between the third permanent magnet 4 and the shaft hole satisfies 5 σ ≦ L3 ≦ 18 σ, the minimum distance L4 between the inner permanent magnet 32 and the shaft hole satisfies 4 σ ≦ L4 ≦ 15 σ, and L3> L4, σ is the width of the air gap between the inner diameter of the stator and the outer diameter of the rotor. The present invention can effectively ensure the mechanical strength of the rotor portion structure by the above-mentioned dimensional limitation.
In some embodiments, the rotor further comprises filling grooves 2, the filling grooves 2 are distributed along the circumference of the rotor in the radial direction and are arranged in the same layer with the permanent magnets, at least 1 filling groove is arranged at each end of each layer of permanent magnets, and no magnetism isolating groove is arranged between each filling groove and each permanent magnet.
The filling grooves 2 are distributed along the circumference of the rotor in the radial direction and are arranged in the same layer with the permanent magnets; and a magnetism isolating groove is not arranged between the permanent magnet and the filling groove, and only a reinforcing rib with a certain width is reserved. Can reduce the hindrance effect to the squirrel cage magnetic field that filling groove 2 produced when guaranteeing rotor structure's mechanical strength for the squirrel cage magnetic field can direct action on permanent magnet 3, promotes permanent magnet 3's anti demagnetization ability.
In some embodiments, the distance L6 between the filling slot 2 and the outer circle of the rotor is greater than σ, σ being the width of the air gap between the stator inner diameter and the rotor outer diameter; the purpose of setting up like this is in order to guarantee rotor structure's mechanical strength, reduces the motor magnetic leakage simultaneously, promotes motor efficiency.
The filling groove 2 and the permanent magnet 3 in each layer of permanent magnet barrier layer are separated, the space width L5 between the filling groove 2 and the permanent magnet 3 meets the condition that 0.8 sigma is more than or equal to L5 is more than or equal to 2 sigma, and sigma is the width of an air gap between the inner diameter of the stator and the outer diameter of the rotor. The arrangement can not only ensure the mechanical strength of the rotor part structure, but also reduce the magnetic leakage between the filling groove and the permanent magnet.
In some embodiments, the error between the maximum width L7 of the filling groove 2 along the radial direction of the rotor and the minimum thickness h1 of the permanent magnet on the same layer along the magnetizing direction is within 10%, namely h1 is equal to or less than L7 is equal to or less than 1.1h1, more preferably, h1 is equal to or less than L7 is equal to or less than 1.05h1, and h1 is the minimum thickness of the inner layer permanent magnet 32 along the magnetizing direction. The arrangement can not cause the magnetic channel between the permanent magnets to be overloaded, thereby causing the output of the motor to be reduced and the efficiency of the motor to be reduced.
In some embodiments, the filling grooves 2 are closed grooves filled with an electrically and magnetically conductive material, preferably aluminum or aluminum alloy, and the filling grooves are connected by end rings 6 at both ends of the rotor to form a squirrel cage structure, and the end rings are made of the same material as the filling material in the filling grooves. The arrangement mode can provide asynchronous torque for the motor by the self-short-circuited squirrel-cage structure in the starting process of the motor so as to realize the self-starting of the motor.
Fig. 3 shows the comparison of the magnetic density of the permanent magnet in the starting process of the motor in the invention and the prior art, the magnetic density of the permanent magnet part can be improved, the demagnetization resistance of the motor can be enhanced, and the running stability of the motor can be improved.
In some embodiments, the shaft hole 5 is circular or rectangular in shape. The shape of the shaft hole of the present invention is not limited to a circular shape, and a circular-like shape or a rectangular-like shape may be used.
The invention also provides a self-starting permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor which comprises the self-starting permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor rotor.
1. The invention provides a self-starting permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor rotor structure. The permanent magnets and the filling grooves jointly form a multi-layer permanent magnet magnetic barrier structure of the rotor, and an outer permanent magnet magnetic barrier layer closest to the outer circle side of the rotor consists of outer ferrite and filling grooves at two ends of the outer ferrite; the inner layer permanent magnetic barrier layer structure close to the shaft hole side consists of inner layer ferrite, filling grooves at two ends of the inner layer ferrite and neodymium iron boron. The permanent magnets under the rotor pole are radially arranged in 2 layers or more, and the filling grooves are radially distributed along the circumference of the rotor and are arranged in the same layer with the permanent magnets.
2. According to the invention, the distance L1 between the neodymium iron boron of the inner ferrite layer close to the side of the shaft hole and the connected permanent magnet layer along the magnetizing direction is larger than the maximum distance L2 between the ferrites positioned at two sides of the inner ferrite layer and the connected permanent magnet layer, so that the distance between the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet and the connected permanent magnet layer along the magnetizing direction is controlled, a magnetic channel with a certain width can be ensured, and the saturation of the motor is reduced.
3. The thickness h3 of the neodymium iron boron along the d-axis direction meets the requirement that 0.2h1 is more than h3 is more than 0.5h1, and h1 is the minimum thickness of the inner-layer ferrite along the magnetizing direction. Because the pole arc angle of the permanent magnet of the inner permanent magnet layer is large, the thickness of the permanent magnet is small along the direction of the d axis, and the distance between the permanent magnet on the d axis and the filling groove is large, the protection effect of the squirrel cage magnetic field on the middle part of the permanent magnet is weak, so that the middle part of the inner ferrite has the maximum demagnetization risk. The middle part of the inner permanent magnet layer is set to be neodymium iron boron, so that the demagnetization resistance of the motor can be enhanced, and the running stability of the motor is improved.
4. In the invention, no magnetism isolating groove is arranged between the filling groove and the ferrite. The squirrel-cage asynchronous magnetic field generated by the filling groove has a shielding effect on the demagnetization magnetic field of the armature winding, namely the squirrel-cage magnetic field has a protection effect on the permanent magnet, and the magnetic isolation groove is not arranged between the filling groove and the permanent magnet to reduce the blocking effect on the squirrel-cage magnetic field, so that the squirrel-cage magnetic field can directly act on the permanent magnet, and the demagnetization resistance of the ferrite is improved.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (18)
1. The utility model provides a self-starting permanent magnetism assists synchronous reluctance motor rotor which characterized in that:
the rotor punching sheet comprises a plurality of rotor punching sheets (1), a plurality of rotor punching sheets (1) are laminated to form a rotor core, permanent magnets (3) are arranged on the rotor punching sheets (1), and the rotor punching sheets (1) are provided with shaft holes (5); the permanent magnet (3) comprises an outer permanent magnet (31) which is relatively positioned on the radial outer side, an inner permanent magnet (32) which is relatively positioned on the radial inner side and a third permanent magnet (4), the coercive force of the outer permanent magnet (31) is equal to that of the inner permanent magnet (32) and is smaller than that of the third permanent magnet (4), the third permanent magnet (4) is positioned on the d axis of the motor rotor, the inner permanent magnet (32) is divided into a first section and a second section, the first section is connected to one side edge of the third permanent magnet (4), the second section is connected to the other side edge of the third permanent magnet (4), and the first section and the second section are symmetrical relative to the d axis.
2. The self-starting permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance machine rotor of claim 1, wherein:
the third permanent magnet (4) is neodymium iron boron; the outer layer permanent magnet (31) is outer layer ferrite, and the inner layer permanent magnet (32) is inner layer ferrite.
3. The self-starting permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance machine rotor of claim 1, wherein:
the distance between the third permanent magnet (4) and the outer layer permanent magnet (31) adjacent to the third permanent magnet along the magnetizing direction is L1, the maximum distance between the inner layer permanent magnet (32) and the outer layer permanent magnet (31) adjacent to the inner layer permanent magnet along the magnetizing direction is L2, and L1 is more than or equal to L2.
4. The self-starting permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance machine rotor of claim 3, wherein:
the L1 satisfies 0.8h1 and L1 and 1.6h1, the L2 satisfies 0.8h1 and L2 and 1.2h1, and h1 is the minimum thickness of the inner layer permanent magnet (32) along the magnetizing direction.
5. The self-starting permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance machine rotor of claim 1, wherein:
in the cross section of the rotor punching sheet (1), the third permanent magnet (4) is rectangular, the thickness h3 of the third permanent magnet (4) along the d-axis direction meets the requirement that 0.2h1 is more than h3 and less than 0.5h1, and h1 is the minimum thickness of the inner layer permanent magnet (32) along the magnetizing direction.
6. The self-starting permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance machine rotor of claim 1, wherein:
the value range of the width L of the third permanent magnet (4) in the direction perpendicular to the magnetizing direction is that L is more than or equal to 8 sigma and less than or equal to 12 sigma, and sigma is the width of an air gap between the inner diameter of the stator and the outer diameter of the rotor.
7. The self-starting permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance machine rotor of claim 1, wherein:
in the cross section of the rotor punching sheet (1), the outer permanent magnet (31) is in a fan-ring shape, and the inner permanent magnet (32) is in a fan-ring shape or a rectangular shape; or the outer layer permanent magnet (31) and/or the inner layer permanent magnet (32) are in a multi-section structure, a bend is formed between two adjacent sections, and the multi-section structure is spliced into a U-shaped structure, a V-shaped structure or a W-shaped structure.
8. The self-starting permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance machine rotor of claim 1, wherein:
permanent magnets under one rotor pole are symmetrically arranged around the axis d and are radially arranged in 2 layers or more; and/or the motor rotor has 4 poles, 6 poles or 8 poles.
9. The self-starting permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance machine rotor of claim 1, wherein:
the thicknesses of the inner layer permanent magnet (32) and the outer layer permanent magnet (31) are unequal along the d-axis direction, h1 is the minimum thickness of the inner layer permanent magnet along the magnetizing direction, h2 is the minimum thickness of the outer layer permanent magnet along the magnetizing direction, h2 is greater than h1, h2 meets the condition that 10 sigma is greater than or equal to h2 and is less than or equal to 16 sigma, and sigma is the width of an air gap between the inner diameter of the stator and the outer diameter of the rotor.
10. The self-starting permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance machine rotor of claim 1, wherein:
and an included angle between a connecting line from the center of the rotor to the edge of the permanent magnet is used for representing a pole arc angle of the permanent magnet, and the pole arc angle of the permanent magnet is reduced along the direction of a d axis, namely alpha 2 is less than alpha 1, alpha 1 is the pole arc angle of the inner layer permanent magnet, and alpha 2 is the pole arc angle of the outer layer permanent magnet.
11. The self-starting permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance machine rotor of claim 1, wherein:
the minimum distance L3 between the third permanent magnet (4) and the shaft hole meets the condition that 5 sigma is not less than L3 and not more than 18 sigma, the minimum distance L4 between the inner permanent magnet (32) and the shaft hole meets the condition that 4 sigma is not less than L4 and not more than 15 sigma, and L3 is more than L4, and sigma is the width of an air gap between the inner diameter of the stator and the outer diameter of the rotor.
12. The self-starting permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance machine rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein:
the rotor is characterized by further comprising filling grooves (2), wherein the filling grooves (2) are distributed along the circumference of the rotor in the radial direction and are arranged on the same layer with the permanent magnets, at least 1 filling groove is arranged at each end of each layer of the permanent magnets, and no magnetism isolating groove is arranged between each filling groove and each permanent magnet.
13. The self-starting permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance machine rotor of claim 12, wherein:
the distance L6 between the filling groove (2) and the outer circle of the rotor is larger than sigma, and sigma is the width of an air gap between the inner diameter of the stator and the outer diameter of the rotor.
14. The self-starting permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance machine rotor of claim 12, wherein:
the filling grooves (2) and the permanent magnets (3) in each layer of permanent magnet barrier layer are separated, and the interval width L5 between the filling grooves (2) and the permanent magnets (3) meets the condition that 0.8 sigma is more than or equal to L5 and more than or equal to 2 sigma, and sigma is the width of an air gap between the inner diameter of the stator and the outer diameter of the rotor.
15. The self-starting permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance machine rotor of claim 12, wherein: the error between the maximum width L7 of the filling groove (2) along the radial direction of the rotor and the minimum thickness h1 of the permanent magnet on the same layer along the magnetizing direction is within 10 percent, namely h1 is not less than L7 is not less than 1.1h1, and h1 is the minimum thickness of the inner layer permanent magnet (32) along the magnetizing direction.
16. The self-starting permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance machine rotor of claim 12, wherein: the filling grooves (2) are closed grooves filled with conductive and non-conductive materials, the filling grooves are connected through end rings (6) at two ends of the rotor to form a squirrel cage structure, and the end ring materials are the same as those in the filling grooves.
17. The self-starting permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance machine rotor of any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein:
the shape of the shaft hole (5) is circular or rectangular.
18. An electric machine characterized by: comprising a self-starting permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance machine rotor according to any of the claims 1-17.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114552911A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-05-27 | 上海电机系统节能工程技术研究中心有限公司 | Method for designing rotor punching sheet of four-six-eight-pole motor |
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| CN114123580B (en) | 2023-02-28 |
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