CN114122741A - Phased array antenna of full polarization reconfigurable wide-angle scanning - Google Patents
Phased array antenna of full polarization reconfigurable wide-angle scanning Download PDFInfo
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- CN114122741A CN114122741A CN202111442179.2A CN202111442179A CN114122741A CN 114122741 A CN114122741 A CN 114122741A CN 202111442179 A CN202111442179 A CN 202111442179A CN 114122741 A CN114122741 A CN 114122741A
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- phased array
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0013—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective
- H01Q15/002—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective said selective devices being reconfigurable or tunable, e.g. using switches or diodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0086—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices having materials with a synthesized negative refractive index, e.g. metamaterials or left-handed materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
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- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a full-polarization reconfigurable wide-angle scanning phased-array antenna which is composed of a plurality of antenna array elements which are periodically arranged, wherein each antenna array element is formed by detachably connecting a double-layer mixed-voltage microstrip antenna and a metal base; the double-layer mixed-compression microstrip antenna comprises a metamaterial panel and a dual-polarized antenna body, wherein grid patterns with different sizes are arranged on the top surface of the metamaterial panel, the bottom surface of the metamaterial panel is in contact with the top surface of the dual-polarized antenna body, and the bottom surface of the dual-polarized antenna body is in contact with the top surface of the metal base; and two antenna connectors are arranged on the metal base, and each antenna connector is arranged on the metal base in a penetrating manner and is mechanically and electrically connected with the dual-polarized antenna body. The phased array antenna has the advantages of simple antenna structure and low antenna profile, and ensures flexible reconfiguration of a full polarization mode, working bandwidth expansion and large-angle scanning performance by effective means.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of wireless communication, in particular to a fully-polarized reconfigurable wide-angle scanning phased array antenna.
Background
The polarization reconfigurable antenna utilizes one antenna to replace a plurality of antennas, and realizes flexible and agile change of the polarization mode of electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna as required. Compared with a combined scheme of multiple antennas, the polarization reconfigurable antenna has the characteristics of miniaturization, low cost and intellectualization, and has application prospects in the fields of wireless communication, radar and the like. The full-polarization reconfigurable antenna can realize linear polarization in any direction and left/right circular polarization radiation, so that the flexibility and the anti-interference capability of the whole communication system are greatly improved, and the full-polarization reconfigurable antenna becomes a research hotspot in recent years. The traditional full-polarization reconfigurable antenna mostly adopts the form of a dual-polarization waveguide port antenna and a dual-polarization vertical microstrip oscillator, which often brings a higher antenna section. Meanwhile, due to the problem of dual-polarization isolation, the performance of the fully-polarized phased-array antenna under large-angle scanning can be obviously influenced. For the design of higher isolation degree realized by using special structures such as electric bridges and the like, the complexity and difficulty of design and processing of antenna products can be greatly increased, so that the practical engineering application of the antenna is greatly limited.
In order to meet the actual engineering requirements, a novel fully-polarized reconfigurable large-angle scanning phased array antenna design which is simple in structure and excellent in antenna performance is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel fully-polarized reconfigurable antenna array element design aiming at engineering requirements, and therefore, a phased array antenna with a simple structure and excellent antenna performance is designed. The phased array antenna provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, small size, low section and the like. Moreover, the phased array antenna adopts the design of expanding the working bandwidth and mutual coupling suppression, and can meet the application requirements of the phased array antenna under large-angle scanning.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a polarization reconfigurable wide-angle scanning phased-array antenna which is composed of a plurality of antenna array elements which are periodically arranged, wherein each antenna array element is formed by detachably connecting a double-layer mixed-voltage microstrip antenna and a metal base;
wherein, the double-layer mixed-voltage microstrip antenna comprises: the dual-polarized antenna comprises a metamaterial panel and a dual-polarized antenna body which are detachably connected, wherein grid patterns with different sizes are arranged on the top surface of the metamaterial panel, the bottom surface of the metamaterial panel is in contact with the top surface of the dual-polarized antenna body, and the bottom surface of the dual-polarized antenna body is in contact with the top surface of the metal base; and two antenna connectors are arranged on the metal base, and each antenna connector is arranged on the metal base in a penetrating manner and is mechanically and electrically connected with the dual-polarized antenna body.
Preferably, the top surface of the dual-polarized antenna body is provided with two L-shaped copper-clad patterns which are mirror-symmetrical along one diagonal line, and a feed metalized via hole and a bandwidth expansion metalized via hole are formed in the long edge of each L-shaped copper-clad pattern. Preferably, a plurality of isolation reinforced metalized through holes are formed in the top surface of the dual-polarized antenna body along the diagonal line to separate the two L-shaped copper-clad graphics. Preferably, the edge of the dual-polarized antenna body is subjected to metal edge wrapping treatment or metal side sealing treatment.
Preferably, a plurality of decoupling metalized vias are formed around the edge of the dual polarized antenna body.
Preferably, the metal base is provided with two feed threaded holes, the center position of each feed threaded hole is matched with the center position of a corresponding feed metalized through hole in the dual-polarized antenna body, the two antenna connectors are respectively in threaded connection with the two feed threaded holes, and the top of each antenna connector penetrates through the feed metalized through hole and is mechanically and electrically connected with the L-shaped copper-clad pattern.
Preferably, the top surface of the metamaterial panel is provided with two rectangular grid patterns with different sizes, and the grid pattern size on the outer side of the metamaterial panel is larger than the grid pattern size on the inner side of the metamaterial panel.
Preferably, the number of the large-sized grating patterns is 12, and the number of the small-sized grating patterns is 16.
Preferably, four corner positions of the metamaterial panel and the dual-polarized antenna body are provided with through holes, threaded holes are formed in the four corner positions of the metal base, and bolts sequentially penetrate through the through holes and the threaded holes to enable the metal base to be detachably connected with the metamaterial panel and the dual-polarized antenna body.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the antenna adopts a double-layer mixed-compression plane structure, and the low-profile design of the full-polarization phased array antenna is guaranteed;
2. by reasonably configuring the excitation amplitude and the excitation phase of two ports of an antenna array element, the electromagnetic field radiation (vertical/horizontal linear polarization, left/right hand circular polarization) of any polarization can be realized;
3. the adjustment and optimization capacity of the active performance of the antenna under different scanning angles is improved through the design of the non-uniform metamaterial panel, and the performance of the antenna under large-angle scanning is finally guaranteed;
4. array element decoupling and polarization isolation means with a very simple structure are adopted, and the structural complexity and the processing difficulty of the antenna are reduced while the performance of the antenna is guaranteed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an antenna array of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an overall schematic diagram of an antenna element according to the present invention
Fig. 3 is an exploded view of a 3D structure of an antenna element according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an antenna array element metamaterial cover plate according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an antenna array element antenna body according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the metal base of the antenna element of the invention.
Detailed Description
The fully-polarized reconfigurable large-angle scanning phased array antenna provided by the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description. The advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description. It is to be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are all used in a non-precise scale for the purpose of facilitating and distinctly aiding in the description of the embodiments of the present invention. To make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, reference is made to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the drawings and described in the specification are only used for matching with the disclosure of the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the implementation conditions of the present invention, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modification, ratio relationship change or size adjustment should still fall within the scope of the present invention without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the fully-polarized reconfigurable wide-angle scanning phased-array antenna provided by the invention is formed by arranging 100 antenna elements 10 according to a 10 × 10 specification, wherein each antenna element 10 is formed by detachably connecting a double-layer mixed-voltage microstrip antenna 1 and a metal base 2. In other preferred embodiments of the present invention, different numbers of antenna elements 10 may be used to form different combinations according to the gain index of the phased array antenna.
As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the dual-layer mixed-voltage microstrip antenna 1 includes a metamaterial panel 11 and a dual-polarized antenna body 12, wherein the top surface of the metamaterial panel 11 is provided with grid patterns 13 with different sizes, the grid patterns 13 are square, 12 rectangular grid patterns 112 with larger sizes are arranged around the edge of the metamaterial panel 11, and 16 rectangular grid patterns 113 with smaller sizes are arranged on the inner side of the large-size grid patterns 112; the metamaterial panel 11 can realize the adjustment of the active characteristics of the antenna array elements at different scanning angles by adopting the metamaterial grid patterns with non-uniform sizes, so that the performance of the phased array antenna in a large-angle scanning state is guaranteed. The bottom surface of the metamaterial panel 11 is in contact with the top surface of the dual-polarized antenna body 12, and the bottom surface of the dual-polarized antenna body 12 is in contact with the top surface of the metal base 2; two antenna connectors are arranged on the metal base 2.
As shown in fig. 3, in this example, the cross-section of the metamaterial panel 11, the dual-polarized antenna body 12, and the metal base 2 are all square with equal size, two feeding threaded holes 22 are disposed on the metal base, each antenna connector is in threaded connection with the feeding threaded hole 22, and the top of the antenna connector passes through the feeding threaded hole 22 and the dual-polarized antenna body 12 above, and is mechanically connected with the metal pattern disposed on the top of the dual-polarized antenna body 12 and electrically connected with the metal pattern.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, two mirror-symmetric L-shaped copper-clad patterns 123 are disposed on two sides of the dual-polarized antenna body 12 along one diagonal line, and a feed metalized via 124 and a bandwidth expansion metalized via 125 are disposed on a long side of each L-shaped copper-clad pattern 123. The top of each antenna connector passes through the feed metallized via 124 and is welded with the L-shaped copper-clad pattern 123, so that feed excitation of the phased array antenna is realized. Further, on the premise of ensuring that the long sides of the two L-shaped copper clad patterns 123 are orthogonal to each other and the short sides are orthogonal to each other, the overall orientation of the two L-shaped copper clad patterns 123 can be rotated; and the width of the long side and the short side of the L-shaped copper clad laminate pattern 123 can be different. Specifically, four corner positions of the metamaterial panel 11 are provided with through holes 111, four corner positions corresponding to the dual-polarized antenna body 12 are provided with through holes 121, four corner positions corresponding to the metal base 2 are provided with threaded holes 21, and bolts sequentially pass through the through holes 111, 121 and the threaded holes 21 to connect the metal base 2 with the metamaterial panel 11 and the dual-polarized antenna body 12 into a whole. As shown in fig. 6, the center position of each of the feeding threaded holes 22 is aligned with the center position of the corresponding feeding metalized via 124, and each antenna connector is fixedly positioned in the metal base 2 through the feeding threaded hole 22.
The long edge of each L-shaped copper-clad pattern 123 is provided with a bandwidth expansion metalized via 125 penetrating through the dual-polarized antenna body 12, and the bandwidth expansion metalized via 125, the feed metalized via 124 and the L-shaped copper-clad pattern 123 together form a conductor form of an equivalent inverted-F structure, so that the working bandwidth of the antenna is effectively expanded by using an inverted-F antenna working system; the short side of the L-shaped copper clad laminate pattern 123 is used for increasing the structural adjustability of the antenna, thereby improving the adjustment capability of the antenna impedance matching. Furthermore, a plurality of isolation enhancing metalized via holes 129 are formed in the dual-polarized antenna body 12 along the diagonal line of the mirror symmetry of the two L-shaped copper clad patterns 123, and the isolation enhancing metalized via holes 129 are used for changing the electric field distribution between the two L-shaped copper clad patterns 123, so that the isolation between the two polarizations of the phased array antenna is improved. In this embodiment, the number of the isolation enhanced metalized vias 129 may be 4, and on the premise of ensuring a general layout area, the positions of the isolation enhanced metalized vias 129 may be adjusted, that is, the isolation enhanced metalized vias 129 may not be strictly collinear and located on the diagonal line of the dual-polarized antenna body 12.
In this example, the edge of the dual-polarized antenna body 12 may be subjected to metal edge-covering or metal side-sealing, and further, a plurality of decoupling metalized vias 122 may be formed around the edge of the dual-polarized antenna body 12. The decoupling metalized vias 122 are of an unnecessary structure, that is, when the dual-polarized antenna body 12 adopts metal wrapping, metal side sealing and other means, the decoupling metalized vias 122 may not be provided.
To sum up, the novel full-polarization reconfigurable wide-angle scanning phased-array antenna has the advantages of simple antenna structure and low antenna profile, and ensures flexible reconfiguration of a full-polarization mode, working bandwidth expansion and wide-angle scanning performance through effective means. The characteristics solve the problems of complex structure, overhigh section and serious deterioration of large-angle scanning performance existing in the traditional full-polarization reconfigurable phased-array antenna, and provide powerful guarantee for the application of an intelligent communication system, an anti-interference navigation system and the like. According to the scaling principle of antenna design, the design idea and the implementation scheme of the invention can be popularized to the design of the full-polarization reconfigurable large-angle scanning phased array antenna with any frequency band and the same characteristics.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the above description should not be taken as limiting the invention. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be determined from the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. A phased array antenna with full polarization reconfigurable large-angle scanning is characterized by comprising a plurality of antenna array elements which are periodically arranged, wherein each antenna array element is formed by detachably connecting a double-layer mixed-voltage microstrip antenna and a metal base;
wherein, the double-layer mixed-voltage microstrip antenna comprises: the dual-polarized antenna comprises a metamaterial panel and a dual-polarized antenna body which are detachably connected, wherein grid patterns with different sizes are arranged on the top surface of the metamaterial panel, the bottom surface of the metamaterial panel is in contact with the top surface of the dual-polarized antenna body, and the bottom surface of the dual-polarized antenna body is in contact with the top surface of the metal base;
and two antenna connectors are arranged on the metal base, and each antenna connector is arranged on the metal base in a penetrating manner and is mechanically and electrically connected with the dual-polarized antenna body.
2. The phased-array antenna with the fully-polarized reconfigurable large-angle scanning function as claimed in claim 1, wherein the top surface of the dual-polarized antenna body is provided with two L-shaped copper-clad patterns which are mirror-symmetrical along one diagonal line, a feed metalized via hole and a bandwidth expansion metalized via hole are formed in the long edge of each L-shaped copper-clad pattern, and each antenna connector is arranged in the corresponding feed metalized via hole in a penetrating manner and is mechanically and electrically connected with the L-shaped copper-clad patterns.
3. The phased array antenna of claim 2, wherein a plurality of isolation enhancement metalized via holes are formed along the diagonal on the top surface of the dual-polarized antenna body to separate the two L-shaped copper clad patterns.
4. The fully polarized reconfigurable large angle scanning phased array antenna as claimed in claim 2, wherein the long sides of two said L-shaped copper clad patterns are orthogonal to each other and the short sides are also orthogonal to each other.
5. The phased array antenna of claim 1, wherein edges of the dual polarized antenna body are processed by metal edge wrapping or metal side sealing.
6. The fully-polarized reconfigurable large-angle scanning phased array antenna according to claim 5, wherein a plurality of decoupled metallized vias are formed around the edge of the dual-polarized antenna body.
7. The phased array antenna with the fully polarized reconfigurable large angle scanning function as claimed in claim 1, wherein the metal base is provided with two feed threaded holes, the center position of each feed threaded hole is matched with the center position of a corresponding feed metalized via hole on the dual polarized antenna body, the two antenna connectors are respectively in threaded connection with the two feed threaded holes, and the top of each antenna connector penetrates through the feed metalized via hole and is mechanically and electrically connected with the L-shaped copper-clad pattern.
8. The phased array antenna of claim 1, wherein the top surface of the metamaterial panel is provided with two rectangular grating patterns with different sizes, and the grating patterns on the outer side of the metamaterial panel are larger than the grating patterns on the inner side of the metamaterial panel.
9. The fully-polarized reconfigurable large-angle scanning phased array antenna according to claim 8, wherein the number of the large-size grating patterns is 12, and the number of the small-size grating patterns is 16.
10. The phased array antenna of claim 1, wherein through holes are formed in four corner positions of the metamaterial panel and the dual-polarized antenna body, threaded holes are formed in four corner positions of the metal base, and bolts sequentially penetrate through the through holes and the threaded holes to detachably connect the metal base with the metamaterial panel and the dual-polarized antenna body.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111442179.2A CN114122741A (en) | 2021-11-30 | 2021-11-30 | Phased array antenna of full polarization reconfigurable wide-angle scanning |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111442179.2A CN114122741A (en) | 2021-11-30 | 2021-11-30 | Phased array antenna of full polarization reconfigurable wide-angle scanning |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114122741A true CN114122741A (en) | 2022-03-01 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111442179.2A Pending CN114122741A (en) | 2021-11-30 | 2021-11-30 | Phased array antenna of full polarization reconfigurable wide-angle scanning |
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| CN (1) | CN114122741A (en) |
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2021
- 2021-11-30 CN CN202111442179.2A patent/CN114122741A/en active Pending
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