CN114122715B - Millimeter wave band dual polarized horn antenna - Google Patents
Millimeter wave band dual polarized horn antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN114122715B CN114122715B CN202111656343.XA CN202111656343A CN114122715B CN 114122715 B CN114122715 B CN 114122715B CN 202111656343 A CN202111656343 A CN 202111656343A CN 114122715 B CN114122715 B CN 114122715B
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/02—Waveguide horns
- H01Q13/0208—Corrugated horns
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/02—Refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens, prism
- H01Q15/08—Refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens, prism formed of solid dielectric material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
- H01Q5/28—Arrangements for establishing polarisation or beam width over two or more different wavebands
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
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Abstract
The invention discloses a millimeter wave band dual-polarized horn antenna, and belongs to the technical field of antenna equipment. It comprises the following steps: a quadrature mode coupler; the inner wall of the corrugated horn is provided with a plurality of annular grooves with the same circle centers at intervals along the axial direction of the corrugated horn, and the input end of the corrugated horn is connected to the orthogonal mode coupler; the medium lens is connected to the corrugated horn, the medium lens is of a rotating hyperboloid structure, the side face, deviating from the corrugated horn, of the medium lens is of a plane shape, a plurality of annular matching grooves with the same circle centers are formed in the circumferential interval, the annular matching grooves form an impedance conversion layer I, the side face, located in the hollow cavity, of the medium lens is of a rotating hyperboloid shape, a plurality of annular matching grooves with the same circle centers are formed in the circumferential interval, and the annular matching grooves form an impedance conversion layer II. The millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna can improve the gain, reduce the side lobes and effectively shorten the length of the antenna.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antenna equipment, in particular to a millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna.
Background
Currently, with the continuous development of millimeter-wave band radar and wireless communication technology, the demand for millimeter-wave band antennas is increasing; in addition, the horn antenna is the most commonly used microwave antenna, and can be used as an independent antenna, a feed source of a reflecting surface antenna and a standard antenna for testing the gain of the antenna; however, the millimeter wave band antenna has higher requirements on electrical performance, and often requires the antenna to have the characteristics of wide frequency band, high gain, low side lobe, miniaturization and the like, and dual polarization is also generally required in applications such as electromagnetic scattering property measurement, in the prior art, in order to improve the gain of the horn antenna, one method is to increase the antenna caliber, the other method is to use a horn array, and in order to meet the requirements of an aperture phase difference, a large-caliber horn antenna is often required to design a longer horn, and difficulty is brought to the structural design and installation of the horn antenna; further, the horn array adds complexity to the feed network, especially when operating in millimeter-band dual polarization. Thus, there is a need for a feedhorn that can increase gain and reduce side lobes while effectively shortening the length.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to overcome at least one of the disadvantages of the prior art and provide a millimeter-wave dual-polarized horn antenna capable of improving gain and reducing side lobes and effectively shortening the length of the antenna.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: a millimeter-wave dual-polarized horn antenna comprising:
The orthogonal mode coupler is provided with an input end and an output end;
The inner side of the corrugated horn forms a hollow cavity, a plurality of annular grooves with the same circle centers are arranged on the inner wall of the corrugated horn at intervals along the axial direction of the corrugated horn, and the input end of the corrugated horn is connected to the output end of the orthogonal mode coupler;
The medium lens is connected to the radiation port surface of the corrugated horn, the medium lens is of a rotating hyperboloid structure, the side surface, deviating from the corrugated horn, of the medium lens is of a plane shape, a plurality of annular matching grooves with the same circle centers are formed in a circumferential interval mode, the annular matching grooves form an impedance transformation layer I, the side surface, located in the hollow cavity, of the medium lens is of a rotating hyperboloid shape, a plurality of annular matching grooves with the same circle centers are formed in a circumferential interval mode, and the annular matching grooves form an impedance transformation layer II.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: in the embodiment, the orthogonal mode coupler is arranged, so that the millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna is beneficial to realizing broadband dual-polarized feed, and the interface of the antenna is beneficial to being converted into a standard waveguide port; furthermore, in the embodiment, the inner wall of the corrugated horn is provided with the plurality of annular grooves with the same circle centers along the axial direction of the corrugated horn at intervals, so that the millimeter wave band dual-polarized horn antenna has the directional patterns with the characteristics of axial rotation symmetry, wide frequency band and low side lobe; furthermore, in this embodiment, the dielectric lens is installed on the radiation port surface of the corrugated horn, and is in a rotating hyperboloid structure, so that the focusing function is achieved by the dielectric lens, the first annular matching grooves on the dielectric lens form the first impedance transformation layer, the second annular matching grooves on the dielectric lens form the second impedance transformation layer, the first impedance transformation layer and the second impedance transformation layer can respectively correct the port surface phase difference of the radiation port surface of the corrugated horn, and the first impedance transformation layer and the second impedance transformation layer reduce the energy of boundary reflection, thereby reducing standing waves and cross polarization, effectively avoiding the discontinuity of electromagnetic waves transmitted from air to the dielectric lens, causing partial energy to reflect from the boundary, increasing the reflection coefficient, and causing the deterioration of the standing waves and the cross polarization, being beneficial to achieving good matching of the millimeter-wave dual-polarized horn antenna, shortening the length of the corrugated horn while ensuring the performance index of the millimeter-wave dual-polarized horn antenna, further being beneficial to shortening the length of the millimeter-wave dual-polarized horn antenna, and being beneficial to achieving miniaturization.
In addition, on the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be improved as follows and can also have the following additional technical characteristics.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the depth h 1 of the first annular matching groove is:
Wherein λ c is a wavelength corresponding to a center frequency, and ε is a relative dielectric constant of the impedance conversion layer one formed by the plurality of annular matching grooves one.
The depth h 1 of the first annular matching groove in this embodiment is: And lambda c is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency, epsilon is the relative dielectric constant of the impedance conversion layer I formed by the annular matching grooves I, thereby being beneficial to reducing standing waves and cross polarization and further improving the effect of reducing standing waves and cross polarization of the impedance conversion layer I. In addition, after the depth of the first annular matching groove is increased or reduced, standing waves and cross polarization are increased, and the electrical performance of the millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna is deteriorated.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the width w 1 of the first annular matching groove is:
w 1＝0.15*λc, wherein lambda c is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency.
The width w 1 of the first annular matching groove in this embodiment is: w 1＝0.15*λc,λc is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency, which is favorable for reducing standing waves and cross polarization, and further improves the effect of the impedance transformation layer on reducing standing waves and cross polarization. In addition, after the width of the first annular matching groove is increased or reduced, standing waves and cross polarization are increased, and the electrical performance of the millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna is deteriorated.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the pitch p 1 between the plurality of the annular matching grooves is:
p 1＝0.3*λc, wherein λ c is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency.
The interval p 1 between the first annular matching grooves in this embodiment is: and p 1＝0.3*λc, wherein lambda c is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency, which is favorable for reducing standing waves and cross polarization, and further improves the effect of the impedance conversion layer on reducing standing waves and cross polarization. In addition, when the spacing between the first annular matching grooves is increased or decreased, standing waves and cross polarization are increased, and the electrical performance of the millimeter-wave dual-polarized horn antenna is deteriorated.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the depth h 2 of the second annular matching groove is:
Wherein λ c is a wavelength corresponding to a center frequency, and ε is a relative dielectric constant of the impedance conversion layer two composed of the plurality of annular matching grooves two.
The depth h 2 of the second annular matching groove in this embodiment is: And lambda c is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency, epsilon is the relative dielectric constant of the impedance conversion layer II formed by the annular matching grooves II, thereby being beneficial to reducing standing waves and cross polarization and further improving the effect of reducing standing waves and cross polarization of the impedance conversion layer II. In addition, after the depth of the second annular matching groove is increased or reduced, standing waves and cross polarization are increased, and the electrical performance of the millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna is deteriorated.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the width w 2 of the second annular matching groove is:
w 2＝0.15*λc, wherein lambda c is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency.
The width w 2 of the second annular matching groove in this embodiment is: w 2＝0.15*λc,λc is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency, which is favorable for reducing standing waves and cross polarization, and further improves the effect of reducing standing waves and cross polarization of the impedance conversion layer II. In addition, after the width of the second annular matching groove is increased or reduced, standing waves and cross polarization are increased, and the electrical performance of the millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna is deteriorated.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the pitch p 2 between the plurality of the annular matching grooves two is:
p 2＝0.3*λc, wherein λ c is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency.
The interval p 2 between the annular matching grooves in this embodiment is: and p 2＝0.3*λc, wherein lambda c is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency, which is favorable for reducing standing waves and cross polarization, and further improves the effect of reducing standing waves and cross polarization of the impedance conversion layer II. In addition, after the space between the second annular matching grooves is increased or reduced, standing waves and cross polarization are increased, and the electrical performance of the millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna is deteriorated.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the circle centers of the first annular matching grooves and the circle centers of the second annular matching grooves are on a straight line, the straight line coincides with the central axis of the corrugated horn, and the first annular matching grooves are respectively arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the second annular matching grooves.
The circle centers of the first annular matching grooves and the circle centers of the second annular matching grooves are arranged on the first straight line, the first annular matching grooves are respectively arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the second annular matching grooves, and the first straight line coincides with the central axis of the corrugated horn, so that discontinuity of electromagnetic waves transmitted from air to the dielectric lens can be effectively avoided, partial energy is reflected from the boundary, reflection coefficient is increased, standing waves and cross polarization degradation are caused, and good matching of the millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna is facilitated.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the corrugated horn comprises an input circular waveguide section, a mode conversion section and a radiation section which are connected in sequence, wherein the input circular waveguide section is connected to the output end of the orthogonal mode coupler. The corrugated horn in the embodiment comprises an input circular waveguide section, a mode conversion section and a radiation section which are sequentially connected, and is beneficial to the millimeter-wave dual-polarized horn antenna to form radiation beams with high gain, low side lobes and low cross polarization.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the quadrature mode coupler comprises:
the cross waveguide structure comprises four rectangular waveguides, and the four rectangular waveguides are arranged in a cross manner;
The central circular waveguide is of a hollow columnar structure, the central circular waveguide is connected to the central positions of the upper sides of the four rectangular waveguides and is communicated with the interior of the rectangular waveguides, the upper end of the central circular waveguide is connected with the corrugated horn and is communicated with the hollow cavity in the corrugated horn, the bottom wall of the cross waveguide structure is opposite to the central circular waveguide and is provided with a step protrusion matching structure, the step protrusion matching structure extends towards the central circular waveguide, and the central line of the step protrusion matching structure coincides with the central line of the central circular waveguide;
The first E-plane bent waveguide is symmetrically arranged by taking the central axis of the corrugated horn as a symmetry center, and the output ends of the first E-plane bent waveguide are respectively connected to the input ends of the two symmetrically arranged rectangular waveguides;
The second E-plane bent waveguide is arranged, the second E-plane bent waveguide is symmetrically arranged by taking the central circular waveguide as a symmetry center, and the output ends of the second E-plane bent waveguide are respectively connected to the input ends of the other two symmetrically arranged rectangular waveguides;
The first E-plane waveguide power divider is of a T-shaped structure, two output ends and one input end are arranged on the first E-plane waveguide power divider, and the input ends of the two E-plane bent waveguides are respectively connected with the two output ends on the first E-plane waveguide power divider;
the first input waveguide is connected to the input end of the first E-plane waveguide power divider;
The second E-plane waveguide power divider is of a T-shaped structure, two output ends and one input end are arranged on the second E-plane waveguide power divider, and the input ends of the two E-plane curved waveguides are respectively connected with the two output ends on the second E-plane waveguide power divider;
And the second input waveguide is connected to the input end of the second E-plane waveguide power divider.
The cross waveguide structure, the central circular waveguide, the E-plane bent waveguide I, the E-plane bent waveguide II, the E-plane waveguide power divider I and the E-plane waveguide power divider II in the orthogonal mode coupler in the embodiment are all of broadband design, the cross waveguide structure is favorable for realizing broadband dual-polarized feed of the millimeter-wave-band dual-polarized horn antenna, the orthogonal mode coupler is of a symmetrical structure, the bandwidth of the coupler is favorable for expanding, the interface of the orthogonal mode coupler is favorable for being converted into a standard waveguide port, the millimeter-wave-band dual-polarized horn antenna is favorable for being installed, and dual-polarized work is also favorable for being realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a millimeter-wave dual-polarized horn antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a left side view of the millimeter-wave dual-polarized horn antenna of fig. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a corrugated horn according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a dielectric lens according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a quadrature mode coupler according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a left side view of the quadrature mode coupler of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a top view of the quadrature mode coupler of FIG. 5;
fig. 8 is a diagram of a millimeter-wave dual-polarized horn antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a standing wave plot of a millimeter-wave dual-polarized horn antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the drawings, the list of components represented by the various numbers is as follows:
1. The device comprises a mounting frame, a 2, an orthogonal mode coupler, a3, a corrugated horn, a 4, a dielectric lens, a 5, a feed source cover, a 10, a bottom plate, a11, a vertical support beam, a 12, a horizontal support plate, a 20, a cross waveguide structure, a 21, a step protrusion matching structure, a 22, an E-plane bent waveguide I, a 23, an E-plane waveguide power divider I, a 24, an input waveguide I, a 25, an E-plane bent waveguide II, a 26, an E-plane waveguide power divider II, a 27, an input waveguide II, a 30, a circular connection disc, a 31, a mounting protrusion I, a 32, a mounting protrusion II, a 33, an annular groove body, a 34, a through hole, a 40, a support protrusion, a 41, an annular matching groove I, a 42, an annular matching groove II, a 211, a circular flange, a 321, a screw hole I, a 401 and a screw hole II.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the embodiments of the present application will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present application will be more clearly understood, a more particular description of the application will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those described herein, and therefore the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
The present embodiment provides a millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna, as shown in fig. 1 to 7, including:
the orthogonal mode coupler 2 is provided with an input end and an output end;
The inner side of the corrugated horn 3 forms a hollow cavity, a plurality of annular grooves 33 with the same circle center are arranged on the inner wall of the corrugated horn 3 along the axial direction of the corrugated horn 3 at intervals, and the input end of the corrugated horn 3 is connected to the output end of the orthogonal mode coupler 2;
the medium lens 4 is connected to the radiation port surface of the corrugated horn 3, the medium lens 4 is in a rotating hyperboloid structure, the side surface of the medium lens 4, deviating from the corrugated horn 3, is in a plane shape, a plurality of annular matching grooves 41 with the same circle centers are formed in a circumferential interval, the annular matching grooves 41 form an impedance conversion layer I, the side surface of the medium lens 4, located in the hollow cavity, is in a rotating hyperboloid shape, a plurality of annular matching grooves 42 with the same circle centers are formed in the circumferential interval, and the annular matching grooves 42 form an impedance conversion layer II.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 7, by providing the orthogonal mode coupler 2, it is advantageous to realize wideband dual-polarized feed for a millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna, and to convert the interface of the antenna into a standard waveguide port; furthermore, in the embodiment, by arranging the corrugated horn 3, a plurality of annular grooves 33 with the same circle center are arranged on the inner wall of the corrugated horn 3 along the axial direction of the corrugated horn 3 at intervals, which is beneficial to enabling the millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna to have directional patterns with axial rotation symmetry, wide frequency band and low side lobe characteristics; further, in this embodiment, the dielectric lens 4 is installed on the radiation port surface of the corrugated horn 3, the dielectric lens 4 is in a rotating hyperboloid structure, so that the dielectric lens 4 achieves a focusing function, the plurality of annular matching grooves 41 on the dielectric lens 4 form the impedance transformation layer one, the plurality of annular matching grooves 42 on the dielectric lens 4 form the impedance transformation layer two, the impedance transformation layer one and the impedance transformation layer two can respectively correct the port phase difference of the radiation port surface of the corrugated horn 3, and the impedance transformation layer one and the impedance transformation layer two reduce the energy of boundary reflection, thereby reducing standing waves and cross polarization, effectively avoiding the discontinuity of electromagnetic waves from the air to the dielectric lens 4, causing partial energy to reflect from the boundary, increasing the reflection coefficient, and causing the degradation of standing waves and cross polarization, being beneficial to achieving good matching of the millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna, and being beneficial to shortening the length of the corrugated horn 3 while ensuring the performance index of the dual-polarized horn antenna, and further being beneficial to shortening the length of the millimeter-wave-band dual-polarized horn antenna.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the corrugated horn 3 in this embodiment is vertically installed on the installation frame 1, the installation frame 1 is made of aluminum material, the installation frame 1 includes a bottom plate 10 and a plurality of vertical support beams 11, the vertical support beams 11 are connected to the bottom plate 10 and extend upwards, and the upper ends of the plurality of vertical support beams 11 are horizontally connected to a horizontal support plate 12; further, in order to facilitate the installation of the corrugated horn 3 in this embodiment, the first installation protrusion 31 is connected to the outer side wall of the lower portion of the corrugated horn 3, and the first installation protrusion 31 and the horizontal support plate 12 are correspondingly provided with a plurality of screw holes and are fixedly connected through screws. Further, the corrugated horn 3 may be mounted on the mounting frame 1 in other manners, and the structure of the mounting frame 1 may also have various types; in addition, the corrugated horn 3 in the present embodiment may be mounted on other support structures.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, in order to facilitate the installation of the dielectric lens 4 on the upper end of the corrugated horn 3 in this embodiment, by providing the second installation protrusion 32 protruding outwards on the circumferential outer edge of the upper end surface of the corrugated horn 3, the second installation protrusion 32 is in a circular disk structure, the second installation protrusion 32 is provided with a plurality of first screw holes 321 at intervals in the circumferential direction, the outer edge of the dielectric lens 4 in this embodiment is provided with a supporting protrusion 40 opposite to the second installation protrusion 32, the supporting protrusion 40 is in a circular disk structure, the first plurality of screw holes 321 corresponding to the first supporting protrusion 40 one to one are provided with a plurality of second screw holes 401, and the dielectric lens 4 is installed on the upper end of the corrugated horn 3 by adopting a plurality of screws to install in the first screw holes 321 and the screw holes, and the dielectric lens 4 can also be installed on the upper end of the corrugated horn 3 in other manners. Further, the dielectric lens 4 in this embodiment is made of polytetrafluoroethylene material.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, in order to facilitate dust prevention of the millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna in this embodiment, a feed cover 5 is mounted on the upper side of a dielectric lens 4, the feed cover 5 is covered on the upper side of the dielectric lens 4, and the feed cover 5 is specifically fixedly mounted on the upper side of the dielectric lens 4 by a plurality of screws; furthermore, the feed source cover 5 in this embodiment is made of polytetrafluoroethylene material, and has good wave-transparent performance, and also has functions of rain protection and dust protection.
In the embodiment, the lower end of the corrugated horn 3 is provided with a circular connecting disc 30, so that the corrugated horn 3 is conveniently connected with the orthomode coupler 2 through a screw; in addition, a through hole 34 communicating with the hollow cavity inside the corrugated horn 3 is provided inside the lower end of the corrugated horn 3.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the depth h 1 of the annular matching groove one 41 is:
Wherein lambda c is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency, epsilon is the relative dielectric constant of the impedance transformation layer I formed by the plurality of annular matching grooves 41.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the depth h 1 of the annular matching groove one 41 is: And lambda c is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency, epsilon is the relative dielectric constant of the impedance conversion layer I formed by the plurality of annular matching grooves I41, thereby being beneficial to reducing standing waves and cross polarization and further improving the effect of reducing standing waves and cross polarization of the impedance conversion layer I. In addition, when the depth of the first annular matching groove 41 is increased or decreased, standing waves and cross polarization are increased, and the electrical performance of the millimeter-wave dual-polarized horn antenna is deteriorated. Further, the vertical section of the first annular matching groove 41 in the present embodiment is rectangular, and the first annular matching groove 41 may be configured to have an approximately rectangular vertical section or other suitable structures.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the width w 1 of the first annular matching groove 41 is:
w 1＝0.15*λc, wherein lambda c is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the width w 1 of the first annular matching groove 41 is: w 1＝0.15*λc,λc is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency, which is favorable for reducing standing waves and cross polarization, and further improves the effect of the impedance transformation layer on reducing standing waves and cross polarization. In addition, when the width of the first annular matching groove 41 is increased or decreased, standing waves and cross polarization are increased, and the electrical performance of the millimeter-wave dual-polarized horn antenna is deteriorated.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the pitch p 1 between the plurality of annular matching grooves 41 is:
p 1＝0.3*λc, wherein λ c is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the pitch p 1 between the plurality of annular matching grooves 41 is: and p 1＝0.3*λc, wherein lambda c is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency, which is favorable for reducing standing waves and cross polarization, and further improves the effect of the impedance conversion layer on reducing standing waves and cross polarization. In addition, when the spacing between the plurality of annular matching grooves 41 is increased or decreased, standing waves and cross polarization are increased, and the electrical performance of the millimeter-wave dual-polarized horn antenna is deteriorated.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the depth h 2 of the second annular matching groove 42 is:
Wherein lambda c is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency, epsilon is the relative dielectric constant of the impedance conversion layer II formed by the plurality of annular matching grooves II 42.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the depth h 2 of the second annular matching groove 42 is: And lambda c is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency, epsilon is the relative dielectric constant of the impedance conversion layer II formed by the plurality of annular matching grooves II 42, thereby being beneficial to reducing standing waves and cross polarization and further improving the effect of the impedance conversion layer II on reducing standing waves and cross polarization. In addition, the increase or decrease in the depth of the second annular matching groove 42 results in an increase in standing waves and cross polarization, and the electrical performance of the millimeter-wave dual-polarized horn antenna is degraded. Further, the vertical section of the second annular matching groove 42 in the present embodiment is rectangular, and the second annular matching groove 42 may be configured to have a vertical section similar to a rectangular shape or other suitable structures.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the width w 2 of the second annular matching groove 42 is:
w 2＝0.15*λc, wherein lambda c is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the width w 2 of the second annular matching groove 42 is: w 2＝0.15*λc,λc is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency, which is favorable for reducing standing waves and cross polarization, and further improves the effect of reducing standing waves and cross polarization of the impedance conversion layer II. In addition, the increase or decrease in the width of the second annular matching groove 42 results in an increase in standing waves and cross polarization, and the electrical performance of the millimeter-wave dual-polarized horn antenna is degraded.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the interval p 2 between the second plurality of annular matching grooves 42 is:
p 2＝0.3*λc, wherein λ c is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the interval p 2 between the second plurality of annular matching grooves 42 is: and p 2＝0.3*λc, wherein lambda c is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency, which is favorable for reducing standing waves and cross polarization, and further improves the effect of reducing standing waves and cross polarization of the impedance conversion layer II. And the increase or decrease of the spacing between the plurality of annular matching grooves 42 results in an increase of standing waves and cross polarization, and the electrical performance of the millimeter-wave dual-polarized horn antenna is deteriorated.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the centers of the first annular matching grooves 41 and the centers of the second annular matching grooves 42 are on the first straight line, the first straight line coincides with the central axis of the corrugated horn 3, and the first annular matching grooves 41 are respectively arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the second annular matching grooves 42.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the centers of the first annular matching grooves 41 and the second annular matching grooves 42 are on the first straight line, the first annular matching grooves 41 are respectively arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the second annular matching grooves 42, and the first straight line coincides with the central axis of the corrugated horn 3, which is favorable for more effectively avoiding discontinuity of electromagnetic waves transmitted from air to the dielectric lens 4, causing partial energy to be reflected back from the boundary, increasing the reflection coefficient, and causing degradation of standing waves and cross polarization, and further being favorable for realizing good matching of the millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the corrugated horn 3 includes an input circular waveguide section, a mode transforming section and a radiating section connected in sequence, the input circular waveguide section being connected to the output end of the quadrature mode coupler 2. In this embodiment, the corrugated horn 3 includes an input circular waveguide section, a mode conversion section and a radiation section which are sequentially connected, which is beneficial to the millimeter-wave dual-polarized horn antenna to form a radiation beam with high gain, low side lobe and low cross polarization.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, and 5 to 7, the quadrature mode coupler 2 according to one embodiment of the present invention includes:
The cross waveguide structure 20, the cross waveguide structure 20 includes four rectangular waveguides, the four rectangular waveguides are crisscross set up;
The central circular waveguide is of a hollow columnar structure, the central circular waveguide is connected to the central positions of the upper sides of the four rectangular waveguides and is communicated with the interior of the rectangular waveguides, the upper end of the central circular waveguide is connected with the corrugated horn 3 and is communicated with the hollow cavity in the corrugated horn 3, the bottom wall of the cross waveguide structure 20 is provided with a step protrusion matching structure 21 opposite to the central circular waveguide, the step protrusion matching structure 21 extends towards the central circular waveguide, and the central line of the step protrusion matching structure 21 coincides with the central line of the central circular waveguide;
the first E-plane bent waveguides 22 are arranged, the first E-plane bent waveguides 22 are symmetrically arranged by taking the central axis of the corrugated horn 3 as a symmetry center, and the output ends of the first E-plane bent waveguides 22 are respectively connected to the input ends of two symmetrically arranged rectangular waveguides;
The second E-plane bent waveguide 25 is provided with two, the second E-plane bent waveguide 25 is symmetrically arranged by taking a central circular waveguide as a symmetrical center, and the output ends of the second E-plane bent waveguide 25 are respectively connected to the input ends of the other two symmetrically arranged rectangular waveguides;
The E-plane waveguide power divider I23 is of a T-shaped structure, two output ends and one input end are arranged on the E-plane waveguide power divider I23, and the input ends of the two E-plane bent waveguides II 25 are respectively connected with the two output ends on the E-plane waveguide power divider I23;
An input waveguide I24 connected to an input terminal of the E-plane waveguide power divider I23;
the second E-plane waveguide power divider 26 is of a T-shaped structure, two output ends and one input end are arranged on the second E-plane waveguide power divider 26, and the input ends of the two second E-plane bent waveguides 25 are respectively connected with the two output ends of the second E-plane waveguide power divider 26;
and the second input waveguide 27 is connected to the input end of the second E-plane waveguide power divider 26.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, and fig. 5 to fig. 7, the cross waveguide structure 20, the central circular waveguide, the first E-plane curved waveguide 22, the second E-plane curved waveguide 25, the first E-plane waveguide power divider 23, and the second E-plane waveguide power divider 26 in the orthomode coupler 2 all adopt a broadband design, the cross waveguide structure 20 is beneficial to the millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna to realize broadband dual-polarized feed, and the orthomode coupler 2 is in a symmetrical structure, which is beneficial to expanding the bandwidth of the coupler, is beneficial to converting the interface of the orthomode coupler 2 into a standard waveguide port, is beneficial to mounting the millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna, and is beneficial to realizing dual-polarized operation.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1,2, and 5 to 7, the inner sides of the first E-plane curved waveguide 22, the second E-plane curved waveguide 25, the first E-plane waveguide power divider 23, and the second E-plane waveguide power divider 26 are respectively provided with a step matching structure, which is beneficial to ensuring that the in-band standing wave is as small as possible.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1,2, and 5 to 7, input ends of four rectangular waveguides on the cross waveguide structure 20 in this embodiment are respectively connected with a connection flange, an upper end of a central circular waveguide is connected with a circular flange 211, and a circular connection disc 30 provided at a lower end of the corrugated horn 3 in this embodiment is mounted on the circular flange 211 by screws; in addition, the end surfaces of the first E-plane waveguide 22, the first E-plane waveguide power divider 23, the first input waveguide 24, the second E-plane waveguide 25, the second E-plane waveguide power divider 26 and the second input waveguide 27 in the present embodiment are respectively provided with a connecting flange, so that the cross waveguide structure 20, the first E-plane waveguide 22, the first E-plane waveguide power divider 23, the first input waveguide 24, the second E-plane waveguide 25, the second E-plane waveguide power divider 26 and the second input waveguide 27 can be conveniently installed to form the orthogonal mode coupler 2. Furthermore, in the millimeter wave band dual-polarized horn antenna of this embodiment, the input waveguide interfaces are two millimeter wave band standard waveguide interfaces, and the input waveguide is connected with the orthogonal mode coupler 2 through a standard waveguide flange; in addition, the parts of the orthogonal mode coupler 2 in the embodiment are formed by welding 6063 aluminum alloy through aluminum brazing. Further, the step-up matching structure 21 in this embodiment is a cylindrical step-like structure, and the step-up matching structure 21 is composed of two cylinders with different true rows.
Further, the directional diagram of the millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna in this embodiment is shown in fig. 8, the standing wave diagram of the millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna in this embodiment is shown in fig. 8, the relative bandwidth of the millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna is 40%, the standing wave in the frequency band is less than 1.35, the antenna gain is greater than 27dBi, the sidelobe level is less than-25 dB, the cross polarization level is less than-28 dB, the port isolation is greater than 50dB, and the total length of the millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna is 301mm.
In addition, in addition to the technical solutions disclosed in the present embodiment, reference may be made to conventional technical solutions in the art for other structures of the horn antenna and the working principles thereof, etc., and these conventional technical solutions are not important to the present invention, and the present invention is not described in detail herein.
In the present invention, the term "plurality" means two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise. The terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; "coupled" may be directly coupled or indirectly coupled through intermediaries. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description and simplification of the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or unit referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.
In the description of the present specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "particular embodiments," and the like, mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. A millimeter-wave dual-polarized horn antenna, comprising:
The orthogonal mode coupler is provided with an input end and an output end;
The inner side of the corrugated horn forms a hollow cavity, a plurality of annular grooves with the same circle centers are arranged on the inner wall of the corrugated horn at intervals along the axial direction of the corrugated horn, and the input end of the corrugated horn is connected to the output end of the orthogonal mode coupler;
The medium lens is connected to the radiation port surface of the corrugated horn, the medium lens is in a rotating hyperboloid structure, the side surface of the medium lens, which is away from the corrugated horn, is in a plane shape, a plurality of annular matching grooves with the same circle centers are formed in a circumferential interval manner, the annular matching grooves I form an impedance conversion layer I, the side surface of the medium lens, which is positioned in the hollow cavity, is in a rotating hyperboloid shape, a plurality of annular matching grooves II with the same circle centers are formed in a circumferential interval manner, and the annular matching grooves II form an impedance conversion layer II;
The quadrature mode coupler includes:
the cross waveguide structure comprises four rectangular waveguides, and the four rectangular waveguides are arranged in a cross manner;
The central circular waveguide is of a hollow columnar structure, the central circular waveguide is connected to the central positions of the upper sides of the four rectangular waveguides and is communicated with the interior of the rectangular waveguides, the upper end of the central circular waveguide is connected with the corrugated horn and is communicated with the hollow cavity in the corrugated horn, the bottom wall of the cross waveguide structure is opposite to the central circular waveguide and is provided with a step protrusion matching structure, the step protrusion matching structure extends towards the central circular waveguide, and the central line of the step protrusion matching structure coincides with the central line of the central circular waveguide;
The first E-plane bent waveguide is symmetrically arranged by taking the central axis of the corrugated horn as a symmetry center, and the output ends of the first E-plane bent waveguide are respectively connected to the input ends of the two symmetrically arranged rectangular waveguides;
The second E-plane bent waveguide is arranged, the second E-plane bent waveguide is symmetrically arranged by taking the central circular waveguide as a symmetry center, and the output ends of the second E-plane bent waveguide are respectively connected to the input ends of the other two symmetrically arranged rectangular waveguides;
The first E-plane waveguide power divider is of a T-shaped structure, two output ends and one input end are arranged on the first E-plane waveguide power divider, and the input ends of the two E-plane bent waveguides are respectively connected with the two output ends on the first E-plane waveguide power divider;
the first input waveguide is connected to the input end of the first E-plane waveguide power divider;
The second E-plane waveguide power divider is of a T-shaped structure, two output ends and one input end are arranged on the second E-plane waveguide power divider, and the input ends of the two E-plane curved waveguides are respectively connected with the two output ends on the second E-plane waveguide power divider;
And the second input waveguide is connected to the input end of the second E-plane waveguide power divider.
2. The millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna of claim 1, wherein the depth h 1 of the first annular matching slot is:
Wherein λ c is a wavelength corresponding to a center frequency, and ε is a relative dielectric constant of the impedance conversion layer one formed by the plurality of annular matching grooves one.
3. The millimeter-wave dual-polarized horn antenna of claim 2, wherein the width w 1 of the first annular matching slot is:
w 1＝0.15*λc, wherein lambda c is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency.
4. The millimeter-wave dual-polarized horn antenna of claim 1, wherein a pitch p 1 between a plurality of said ring-shaped matching grooves one is:
p 1＝0.3*λc, wherein λ c is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency.
5. The millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the depth h 2 of the annular matching slot two is:
Wherein λ c is a wavelength corresponding to a center frequency, and ε is a relative dielectric constant of the impedance conversion layer two composed of the plurality of annular matching grooves two.
6. The millimeter-wave dual-polarized horn antenna of claim 5, wherein the width w 2 of the second annular matching slot is:
w 2＝0.15*λc, wherein lambda c is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency.
7. The millimeter-wave dual-polarized horn antenna of claim 6, wherein a pitch p 2 between the plurality of the second annular matching grooves is:
p 2＝0.3*λc, wherein λ c is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency.
8. The millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the centers of the first plurality of annular matching grooves and the centers of the second plurality of annular matching grooves are on a straight line, the straight line coincides with the central axis of the corrugated horn, and the first plurality of annular matching grooves are respectively arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the second plurality of annular matching grooves.
9. The millimeter-wave dual-polarized horn antenna of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the corrugated horn comprises an input circular waveguide section, a mode transforming section and a radiating section connected in sequence, the input circular waveguide section being connected to the output of the quadrature mode coupler.
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| CN111929647A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-11-13 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Ka frequency band multi-horn single pulse feed source network |
| CN113097678A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2021-07-09 | 罗森伯格技术有限公司 | Dual-frequency dual-polarization shunt |
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| US6480164B2 (en) * | 2000-08-03 | 2002-11-12 | Ronald S. Posner | Corrective dielectric lens feed system |
| CN107871935A (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2018-04-03 | 南京安天纳通信技术有限公司 | Dual polarization transmit-receive sharing waveguide array antenna |
| CN110380230B (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2021-01-05 | 东南大学 | Ultra-wideband high-gain lens antenna based on three-dimensional impedance matching lens and design method thereof |
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| CN113097678A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2021-07-09 | 罗森伯格技术有限公司 | Dual-frequency dual-polarization shunt |
| CN111929647A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-11-13 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Ka frequency band multi-horn single pulse feed source network |
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