CN114122715A - Millimeter wave band dual polarization horn antenna - Google Patents

Millimeter wave band dual polarization horn antenna Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114122715A
CN114122715A CN202111656343.XA CN202111656343A CN114122715A CN 114122715 A CN114122715 A CN 114122715A CN 202111656343 A CN202111656343 A CN 202111656343A CN 114122715 A CN114122715 A CN 114122715A
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millimeter
waveguide
annular matching
wave band
horn
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Inventor
陆希贤
刘充
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Beijing Institute of Radio Measurement
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Beijing Institute of Radio Measurement
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/02—Waveguide horns
    • H01Q13/0208—Corrugated horns
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/02—Refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens, prism
    • H01Q15/08—Refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens, prism formed of solid dielectric material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
    • H01Q5/28—Arrangements for establishing polarisation or beam width over two or more different wavebands
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands

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Abstract

The invention discloses a millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna, and belongs to the technical field of antenna equipment. It includes: an orthogonal mode coupler; the corrugated horn is internally provided with a hollow cavity, a plurality of annular groove bodies with the same circle center are arranged on the inner wall of the corrugated horn at intervals along the axial direction of the corrugated horn, and the input end of the corrugated horn is connected to the orthogonal mode coupler; medium lens, connect on corrugated horn, medium lens are rotatory hyperboloid structure, medium lens deviate from corrugated horn's side to be planar and the circumference interval is equipped with the annular matching groove one that a plurality of centre of a circle are the same, a plurality of annular matching groove one constitute impedance transformation layer one, medium lens lie in cavity side be rotatory hyperboloid and the circumference interval is equipped with a plurality of annular matching groove two that the centre of a circle is the same, a plurality of annular matching groove two constitute impedance transformation layer two. The millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna can improve the gain, reduce the side lobe and effectively shorten the length of the antenna.

Description

Millimeter wave band dual polarization horn antenna
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antenna equipment, in particular to a millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna.
Background
At present, with the continuous development of millimeter-wave band radar and wireless communication technology, the demand for millimeter-wave band antennas is increasing; in addition, the horn antenna is the most commonly used microwave antenna, and not only can be used as an independent antenna, but also can be used as a feed source of a reflector antenna and a standard antenna for testing the gain of the antenna; however, the millimeter-wave band antenna has higher requirements on electrical performance, often requires the antenna to have the characteristics of broadband, high gain, low sidelobe, miniaturization and the like, and generally requires dual polarization in applications such as electromagnetic scattering property measurement and the like, in the prior art, in order to improve the gain of the horn antenna, one method is to increase the aperture of the antenna, and the other method is to adopt a horn array, and the large-aperture horn antenna often needs to be designed with a longer horn in order to meet the requirement of an oral phase difference, thereby bringing difficulties to the structural design and installation of the horn antenna; further, the horn array adds complexity to the feed network, especially in millimeter-wave band dual-polarization operation. Accordingly, there is a need for a horn antenna that can improve gain, reduce sidelobes, and effectively shorten the length.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to overcoming at least one of the deficiencies of the prior art, and providing a millimeter-wave dual-polarized horn antenna capable of improving the gain and reducing the sidelobe while effectively shortening the length of the antenna.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: a millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna comprising:
the orthogonal mode coupler is provided with an input end and an output end;
the inner side of the corrugated horn forms a hollow cavity, a plurality of annular groove bodies with the same circle center are arranged on the inner wall of the corrugated horn at intervals along the axial direction of the corrugated horn, and the input end of the corrugated horn is connected to the output end of the orthogonal mode coupler;
medium lens connects on corrugated horn's the radiation mouth face, medium lens is rotatory hyperboloid structure, medium lens deviates from corrugated horn's side is planar and the circumference interval is equipped with the annular matching groove that a plurality of centre of a circle are the same, and is a plurality of annular matching groove one constitutes impedance transformation layer one, medium lens is located side in the cavity is rotatory hyperboloid form and circumference interval is equipped with the annular matching groove two that a plurality of centre of a circle are the same, and is a plurality of annular matching groove two constitutes impedance transformation layer two.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: in the embodiment, the orthogonal mode coupler is arranged, so that the millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna can realize broadband dual-polarized feed, and an interface of the antenna can be converted into a standard waveguide port; furthermore, in the present embodiment, by providing the corrugated horn, the inner wall of the corrugated horn is provided with a plurality of annular grooves with the same center at intervals along the axial direction of the corrugated horn, which is beneficial to the millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna to have a directional pattern with axial rotational symmetry, wide frequency band and low sidelobe characteristics; furthermore, in the embodiment, the dielectric lens is installed on the radiation port surface of the corrugated horn, the dielectric lens is in a rotating hyperboloid structure, so that the dielectric lens realizes a focusing function, the first annular matching grooves on the dielectric lens form the first impedance conversion layer, the second annular matching grooves on the dielectric lens form the second impedance conversion layer, the first impedance conversion layer and the second impedance conversion layer can respectively correct the port surface phase difference of the radiation port surface of the corrugated horn, and the first impedance conversion layer and the second impedance conversion layer reduce the energy reflected by the boundary, so that standing waves and cross polarization can be reduced, discontinuity of electromagnetic waves transmitted from the air to the dielectric lens is effectively avoided, partial energy is reflected from the boundary, the reflection coefficient is increased, the standing waves and the cross polarization are deteriorated, and good matching of the millimeter-band dual-polarized horn antenna is facilitated, the length of the corrugated horn is shortened while the performance index of the millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna is ensured, and therefore the length of the millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna is shortened, and miniaturization is achieved.
In addition, on the basis of the above technical solution, the present invention may be further improved as follows, and may further have the following additional technical features.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the first annular matching groove has a depth h1Comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003448405920000031
wherein λ iscAnd epsilon is the wavelength corresponding to the central frequency, and epsilon is the relative dielectric constant of the first impedance transformation layer formed by the first annular matching grooves.
The depth h of the first annular matching groove in this embodiment1Comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003448405920000032
λcthe wavelength corresponding to the central frequency is epsilon, the relative dielectric constant of the first impedance conversion layer formed by the annular matching grooves is favorable for reducing standing waves and cross polarization, and the effect of reducing the standing waves and the cross polarization of the first impedance conversion layer is further improved. In addition, when the depth of the first annular matching groove is increased or reduced, standing waves and cross polarization are increased, and the electrical performance of the millimeter-wave band dual-polarization horn antenna is poor.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the width w of the first annular matching groove1Comprises the following steps:
w1＝0.15*λcwherein λ iscThe wavelength corresponding to the center frequency.
The width w of the first annular matching groove in the embodiment1Comprises the following steps: w is a1＝0.15*λc，λcThe wavelength corresponding to the central frequency is beneficial to reducing standing waves and cross polarization, and the effect of reducing the standing waves and the cross polarization of the impedance conversion layer is further improved. In addition, when the width of the first annular matching groove is increased or reduced, standing waves and cross polarization are increased, and the electrical performance of the millimeter-wave band dual-polarization horn antenna is poor.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the distance p between a plurality of the annular matching grooves I1Comprises the following steps:
p1＝0.3*λcwherein λ iscAs a center frequency correspondenceOf (c) is measured.
The distance p between the first annular matching grooves in the embodiment1Comprises the following steps: p is a radical of1＝0.3*λcWherein λ iscThe wavelength corresponding to the central frequency is beneficial to reducing standing waves and cross polarization, and the effect of reducing the standing waves and the cross polarization of the impedance conversion layer is further improved. In addition, when the distance between the first annular matching grooves is increased or decreased, standing waves and cross polarization are increased, and the electrical performance of the millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna is poor.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the depth h of the second annular matching groove2Comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003448405920000033
wherein λ iscAnd epsilon is the wavelength corresponding to the central frequency, and epsilon is the relative dielectric constant of the second impedance conversion layer formed by the annular matching grooves II.
Depth h of second annular matching groove in this embodiment2Comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003448405920000041
λcthe wavelength corresponding to the central frequency is epsilon, the relative dielectric constant of the second impedance conversion layer formed by the annular matching grooves is favorable for reducing standing waves and cross polarization, and the effect of reducing the standing waves and the cross polarization of the second impedance conversion layer is further improved. In addition, when the depth of the second annular matching groove is increased or reduced, standing waves and cross polarization are increased, and the electrical performance of the millimeter-wave band dual-polarization horn antenna is poor.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the width w of the second annular matching groove2Comprises the following steps:
w2＝0.15*λcwherein λ iscThe wavelength corresponding to the center frequency.
The width w of the second annular matching groove in this embodiment2Comprises the following steps: w is a2＝0.15*λc，λcA wavelength corresponding to the center frequency is advantageousStanding waves and cross polarization are reduced, and the effects of reducing the standing waves and the cross polarization of the impedance conversion layer II are further improved. In addition, the width of the second annular matching slot is increased or decreased, so that standing waves and cross polarization are increased, and the electrical performance of the millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna is poor.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the distance p between the two annular matching grooves2Comprises the following steps:
p2＝0.3*λcwherein λ iscThe wavelength corresponding to the center frequency.
The distance p between the second annular matching grooves in the embodiment2Comprises the following steps: p is a radical of2＝0.3*λcWherein λ iscThe wavelength corresponding to the central frequency is beneficial to reducing standing waves and cross polarization, and the effect of reducing the standing waves and the cross polarization of the second impedance conversion layer is further improved. In addition, after the distance between the two annular matching grooves is increased or reduced, standing waves and cross polarization are increased, and the electrical performance of the millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna is poor.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the circle centers of the first annular matching grooves and the second annular matching grooves are on a first straight line, the first straight line coincides with the central axis of the corrugated horn, and the first annular matching grooves and the second annular matching grooves are respectively arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
The centre of a circle of a plurality of annular matching grooves one and the centre of a circle of a plurality of annular matching grooves two in this embodiment all are on straight line one, a plurality of annular matching grooves one set up with a plurality of annular matching grooves two one-to-one respectively, and the central axis coincidence of straight line one and ripple loudspeaker, be favorable to more effectively avoiding the electromagnetic wave to pass to dielectric lens from the air and have discontinuity, cause partial energy to reflect from the boundary, and increase reflection coefficient, and lead to standing wave and cross polarization to worsen, and then be favorable to millimeter wave band dual polarization horn antenna to realize good matching.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the corrugated horn comprises an input circular waveguide section, a mode conversion section and a radiation section which are connected in sequence, wherein the input circular waveguide section is connected to the output end of the orthogonal mode coupler. The corrugated horn in the embodiment comprises an input circular waveguide section, a mode conversion section and a radiation section which are sequentially connected, and the millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna is favorable for forming radiation beams with high gain, low sidelobe and low cross polarization.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the orthogonal mode coupler includes:
the cross waveguide structure comprises four rectangular waveguides which are arranged in a cross manner;
the central circular waveguide is of a hollow columnar structure, is connected to the central position of the upper sides of the four rectangular waveguides and is communicated with the interior of the rectangular waveguides, the upper end of the central circular waveguide is connected with the corrugated horn and is communicated with the hollow cavity in the corrugated horn, a step convex matching structure is arranged on the bottom wall of the cross waveguide structure and is right opposite to the central circular waveguide, the step convex matching structure extends towards the central circular waveguide, and the central line of the step convex matching structure is superposed with the central line of the central circular waveguide;
the number of the E-surface first curved waveguides is two, the two E-surface first curved waveguides are symmetrically arranged by taking the central axis of the corrugated horn as a symmetric center, and the output ends of the two E-surface first curved waveguides are respectively connected to the input ends of the two symmetrically arranged rectangular waveguides;
two E-surface bent waveguides II are arranged, the two E-surface bent waveguides II are symmetrically arranged by taking the central circular waveguide as a symmetric center, and the output ends of the two E-surface bent waveguides II are respectively connected to the input ends of the other two symmetrically arranged rectangular waveguides;
the E-surface waveguide power divider I is of a T-shaped structure, two output ends and one input end are arranged on the E-surface waveguide power divider I, and the input ends of the two E-surface curved waveguides II are respectively connected with the two output ends of the E-surface waveguide power divider I;
the input waveguide I is connected to the input end of the E-plane waveguide power divider I;
the E-surface waveguide power divider II is of a T-shaped structure, two output ends and one input end are arranged on the E-surface waveguide power divider II, and the input ends of the two E-surface waveguide power dividers II are respectively connected with the two output ends of the E-surface waveguide power divider II;
and the second input waveguide is connected to the input end of the second E-plane waveguide power divider.
In the orthogonal mode coupler in this embodiment, the cross waveguide structure, the central circular waveguide, the first E-surface curved waveguide, the second E-surface curved waveguide, the first E-surface waveguide power divider, and the second E-surface waveguide power divider all adopt a broadband design, the cross waveguide structure is favorable for the millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna to realize broadband dual-polarized feed, and the orthogonal mode coupler is of a symmetric structure, which is favorable for expanding the bandwidth of the coupler, and is also favorable for converting the interface of the orthogonal mode coupler into a standard waveguide port, which is favorable for mounting the millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna, and is also favorable for realizing dual-polarized work.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a left side view of the millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna of fig. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a corrugated horn according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a dielectric lens according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an orthogonal mode coupler according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a left side view of the quadrature mode coupler of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a top view of the quadrature mode coupler of FIG. 5;
fig. 8 is a directional diagram of a millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a standing wave graph of the millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention.
In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:
1. the device comprises a mounting frame, 2, an orthogonal mode coupler, 3, a corrugated horn, 4, a dielectric lens, 5, a feed source cover, 10, a bottom plate, 11, a vertical supporting beam, 12, a horizontal supporting plate, 20, a cross waveguide structure, 21, a step protrusion matching structure, 22, a first E-surface bent waveguide, 23, a first E-surface waveguide power divider, 24, a first input waveguide, 25, a second E-surface bent waveguide, 26, a second E-surface waveguide power divider, 27, a second input waveguide, 30, a circular connecting disc, 31, a first mounting protrusion, 32, a second mounting protrusion, 33, an annular groove body, 34, a through hole, 40, a supporting protrusion, 41, a first annular matching groove, 42, a second annular matching groove, 211, a circular flange, 321, a first screw hole, 401 and a second screw hole.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear, embodiments of the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and therefore the scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
The present embodiment provides a millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna, as shown in fig. 1 to 7, including:
the orthogonal mode coupler 2 is provided with an input end and an output end;
the inner side of the corrugated horn 3 forms a hollow cavity, a plurality of annular groove bodies 33 with the same circle center are arranged on the inner wall of the corrugated horn 3 at intervals along the axial direction of the corrugated horn 3, and the input end of the corrugated horn 3 is connected with the output end of the orthogonal mode coupler 2;
medium lens 4, connect on corrugated horn's radiant opening face, medium lens 4 is the hyperboloid structure of rotation, medium lens 4 deviates from corrugated horn 3's side and is planar and the circumference interval is equipped with the same annular matching groove 41 in a plurality of centre of a circle, a plurality of annular matching groove 41 constitute impedance transformation layer one, medium lens 4 is located the side in the cavity and is the rotatory hyperboloid form and the circumference interval is equipped with the same annular matching groove two 42 in a plurality of centre of a circle, a plurality of annular matching groove two 42 constitute impedance transformation layer two.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 7, by providing the orthogonal mode coupler 2, it is beneficial to implement a millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna to implement broadband dual-polarized feeding, and to convert an interface of the antenna into a standard waveguide port; furthermore, in the present embodiment, by providing the corrugated horn 3, the inner wall of the corrugated horn 3 is provided with a plurality of annular grooves 33 with the same center at intervals along the axial direction of the corrugated horn 3, which is beneficial to the millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna to have a directional diagram with axial rotational symmetry, wide frequency band and low sidelobe characteristics; furthermore, in the embodiment, the dielectric lens 4 is installed on the radiation port surface of the corrugated horn 3, the dielectric lens 4 is in a rotating hyperboloid structure, so that the dielectric lens 4 realizes a focusing function, the first annular matching grooves 41 on the dielectric lens 4 form the first impedance conversion layer, the second annular matching grooves 42 on the dielectric lens 4 form the second impedance conversion layer, the first impedance conversion layer and the second impedance conversion layer can respectively correct the port surface phase difference of the radiation port surface of the corrugated horn 3, and the first impedance conversion layer and the second impedance conversion layer reduce the energy reflected by the boundary, so that standing waves and cross polarization can be reduced, the phenomenon that electromagnetic waves are transmitted from the air to the dielectric lens 4 and have discontinuity, so that part of the energy is reflected back from the boundary, and the reflection coefficient is increased, and the standing waves and the cross polarization are deteriorated is avoided, and the millimeter-band dual-polarized horn antenna can realize good matching, the length of the corrugated horn 3 is shortened while the performance index of the millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna is ensured, and the length of the millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna is further shortened, so that the miniaturization is realized.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the corrugated horn 3 in the present embodiment is vertically installed on the installation frame 1, the material of the installation frame 1 is aluminum material, the installation frame 1 includes a bottom plate 10 and a plurality of vertical support beams 11, the vertical support beams 11 are connected to the bottom plate 10 and extend upward, and the upper ends of the plurality of vertical support beams 11 are horizontally connected with a horizontal support plate 12; furthermore, in order to facilitate the installation of the corrugated horn 3 in the present embodiment, a first installation protrusion 31 is connected to an outer side wall of a lower portion of the corrugated horn 3, and the first installation protrusion 31 and the horizontal support plate 12 are correspondingly provided with a plurality of screw holes and fixedly connected by screws. Further, the corrugated horn 3 can be mounted on the mounting frame 1 in other manners, and the mounting frame 1 can have various structures; in addition, the corrugated horn 3 of the present embodiment may be mounted on other support structures.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, in order to facilitate the installation of the dielectric lens 4 on the upper end of the corrugated horn 3, a second mounting protrusion 32 protruding outward is disposed on a circumferential outer side edge of the upper end surface of the corrugated horn 3, the second mounting protrusion 32 is in a circular disc structure, a plurality of first screw holes 321 are circumferentially spaced on the second mounting protrusion 32, a supporting protrusion 40 is disposed on the outer side edge of the dielectric lens 4 in this embodiment, facing the second mounting protrusion 32, the supporting protrusion 40 is in a circular disc structure, a plurality of second screw holes 401 are disposed on the supporting protrusion 40 in a one-to-one correspondence with the first screw holes 321, the dielectric lens 4 is installed in the first screw holes 321 and the screw holes, the dielectric lens 4 is installed on the upper end of the corrugated horn 3, and the dielectric lens 4 can also be installed on the upper end of the corrugated horn 3 by other means. Further, the dielectric lens 4 in this embodiment is made of teflon.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, in order to facilitate dust prevention of the millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna, in this embodiment, the feed source cover 5 is installed on the upper side of the dielectric lens 4, the feed source cover 5 is covered on the upper side of the dielectric lens 4, and the feed source cover 5 is specifically and fixedly installed on the upper side of the dielectric lens 4 through a plurality of screws; furthermore, the feed source cover 5 in this embodiment is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, has good wave-transmitting performance, and has the functions of rain protection and dust protection.
In the embodiment, the lower end of the corrugated horn 3 is provided with a circular connecting plate 30, so that the corrugated horn 3 can be conveniently connected with the orthogonal mode coupler 2 through a screw; in addition, a through hole 34 for communicating the hollow cavity inside the corrugated horn 3 is arranged inside the lower end of the corrugated horn 3.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4, the depth h of the annular matching groove one 411Comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003448405920000091
wherein λ iscEpsilon is the relative dielectric constant of the first impedance conversion layer formed by the first annular matching grooves 41.
In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the depth h of the first annular matching groove 411Comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003448405920000092
λcthe wavelength corresponding to the central frequency is epsilon, the relative dielectric constant of the first impedance conversion layer formed by the annular matching grooves 41 is favorable for reducing standing waves and cross polarization, and the effect of reducing the standing waves and the cross polarization of the first impedance conversion layer is further improved. In addition, when the depth of the first annular matching groove 41 is increased or reduced, standing waves and cross polarization are increased, and the electrical performance of the millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna is poor. Further, the vertical section of the first annular matching groove 41 in this embodiment is rectangular, and the first annular matching groove 41 may also be configured such that the vertical section is approximately rectangular or other suitable structures.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4, the width w of the annular matching groove one 411Comprises the following steps:
w1＝0.15*λcwherein λ iscThe wavelength corresponding to the center frequency.
In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the width w of the annular matching groove one 411Comprises the following steps: w is a1＝0.15*λc，λcThe wavelength corresponding to the central frequency is beneficial to reducing standing waves and cross polarization, and the effect of reducing the standing waves and the cross polarization of the impedance conversion layer is further improved. In addition, when the width of the first annular matching groove 41 is increased or reduced, standing waves and cross polarization are increased, and the electrical performance of the millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna is poor.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4, the pitch p between the plurality of annular matching grooves one 411Comprises the following steps:
p1＝0.3*λcwherein λ iscThe wavelength corresponding to the center frequency.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the pitch p between the plurality of annular matching grooves one 411Comprises the following steps: p is a radical of1＝0.3*λcWherein λ iscThe wavelength corresponding to the central frequency is beneficial to reducing standing waves and cross polarization, and the effect of reducing the standing waves and the cross polarization of the impedance conversion layer is further improved. In addition, when the distance between the annular matching grooves 41 is increased or decreased, standing waves and cross polarization are increased, and the electrical performance of the millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna is deteriorated.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4, the depth h of the second annular matching groove 422Comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003448405920000101
wherein λ iscEpsilon is the relative dielectric constant of the second impedance conversion layer formed by the second annular matching grooves 42, which is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency.
In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the depth h of the second annular matching groove 422Comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003448405920000102
λcthe wavelength corresponding to the center frequency is epsilon, the relative dielectric constant of the second impedance conversion layer formed by the second annular matching grooves 42 is favorable for reducing standing waves and cross polarization, and the effect of reducing the standing waves and the cross polarization of the second impedance conversion layer is further improved. In addition, when the depth of the second annular matching groove 42 is increased or decreased, standing waves and cross polarization are increased, and the electrical performance of the millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna is deteriorated. Further, the vertical section of the second annular matching groove 42 in this embodiment is rectangular, and the second annular matching groove 42 may also be configured such that the vertical section is approximately rectangular or other suitable structures.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4, the width w of the second annular matching groove 422Comprises the following steps:
w2＝0.15*λcwherein λ iscThe wavelength corresponding to the center frequency.
In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the width w of the second annular matching groove 422Comprises the following steps: w is a2＝0.15*λc，λcThe wavelength corresponding to the central frequency is beneficial to reducing standing waves and cross polarization, and the effect of reducing the standing waves and the cross polarization of the second impedance conversion layer is further improved. In addition, when the width of the second annular matching slot 42 is increased or decreased, standing waves and cross polarization are increased, and the electrical performance of the millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna is deteriorated.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4, the pitch p between the plurality of annular matching grooves two 422Comprises the following steps:
p2＝0.3*λcwherein λ iscThe wavelength corresponding to the center frequency.
In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the pitch p between the annular matching grooves 422Comprises the following steps: p is a radical of2＝0.3*λcWherein λ iscThe wavelength corresponding to the central frequency is beneficial to reducing standing waves and cross polarization, and the effect of reducing the standing waves and the cross polarization of the second impedance conversion layer is further improved. The spacing between the annular matching grooves 42 is increased or decreased, which results in standing waves and crossed polesThe change is increased, and the electrical performance of the millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna is poor.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the centers of the first annular matching grooves 41 and the second annular matching grooves 42 are on a first straight line, and the first straight line coincides with the central axis of the corrugated horn 3, and the first annular matching grooves 41 and the second annular matching grooves 42 are respectively arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the circle centers of the first annular matching grooves 41 and the second annular matching grooves 42 are all on the first straight line, the first annular matching grooves 41 are respectively arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the second annular matching grooves 42, and the first straight line coincides with the central axis of the corrugated horn 3, which is beneficial to more effectively avoiding discontinuity of electromagnetic waves transmitted from air to the dielectric lens 4, which causes partial energy to be reflected from the boundary, thereby increasing the reflection coefficient, and causing deterioration of standing waves and cross polarization, and further beneficial to realizing good matching of the millimeter-wave dual-polarized horn antenna.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the corrugated horn 3 includes an input circular waveguide section, a mode conversion section and a radiation section, which are connected in sequence, and the input circular waveguide section is connected to the output end of the orthogonal mode coupler 2. In this embodiment, the corrugated horn 3 includes an input circular waveguide segment, a mode conversion segment and a radiation segment, which are connected in sequence, and is beneficial to the millimeter-wave dual-polarized horn antenna to form a radiation beam with high gain, low sidelobe and low cross polarization.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, 2, and 5 to 7, the orthogonal mode coupler 2 includes:
the cross waveguide structure 20, the cross waveguide structure 20 includes four rectangular waveguides, the four rectangular waveguides are arranged crosswise;
the central circular waveguide is of a hollow columnar structure, the central circular waveguide is connected to the central positions of the upper sides of the four rectangular waveguides and is communicated with the interiors of the rectangular waveguides, the upper end of the central circular waveguide is connected with the corrugated horn 3 and is communicated with the hollow cavity in the corrugated horn 3, a step convex matching structure 21 is arranged on the bottom wall of the cross waveguide structure 20, right facing the central circular waveguide, of the bottom wall of the cross waveguide structure 20, the step convex matching structure 21 extends towards the central circular waveguide, and the central line of the step convex matching structure 21 is overlapped with the central line of the central circular waveguide;
the number of the E-surface bent waveguides I22 is two, the two E-surface bent waveguides I22 are symmetrically arranged by taking the central axis of the corrugated horn 3 as a symmetric center, and the output ends of the two E-surface bent waveguides I22 are respectively connected to the input ends of the two symmetrically arranged rectangular waveguides;
the two E-surface bent waveguides 25 are arranged symmetrically by taking the central circular waveguide as a symmetric center, and the output ends of the two E-surface bent waveguides 25 are respectively connected to the input ends of the other two symmetrically arranged rectangular waveguides;
the E-surface waveguide power divider I23 is of a T-shaped structure, two output ends and one input end are arranged on the E-surface waveguide power divider I23, and the input ends of the two E-surface curved waveguides II 25 are respectively connected with the two output ends on the E-surface waveguide power divider I23;
the input waveguide I24 is connected to the input end of the E-plane waveguide power divider I23;
the E-surface waveguide power divider II 26 is of a T-shaped structure, two output ends and one input end are arranged on the E-surface waveguide power divider II 26, and the input ends of the two E-surface waveguide second 25 are respectively connected with the two output ends of the E-surface waveguide power divider II 26;
and a second input waveguide 27 connected to the input end of the second E-plane waveguide power splitter 26.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, and fig. 5 to fig. 7, the cross waveguide structure 20, the central circular waveguide, the first E-surface bent waveguide 22, the second E-surface bent waveguide 25, the first E-surface waveguide power splitter 23, and the second E-surface waveguide power splitter 26 in the orthogonal mode coupler 2 all adopt a broadband design, the cross waveguide structure 20 is beneficial to the millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna to implement broadband dual-polarized feed, and the orthogonal mode coupler 2 has a symmetrical structure, which is beneficial to expanding the bandwidth of the coupler, and is also beneficial to converting the interface of the orthogonal mode coupler 2 into a standard waveguide port, which is beneficial to mounting the millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna and is also beneficial to implementing dual-polarized work.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, and fig. 5 to fig. 7, the inner sides of the first E-plane waveguide 22, the second E-plane waveguide 25, the first E-plane waveguide power splitter 23, and the second E-plane waveguide power splitter 26 are all provided with a step matching structure, which is beneficial to ensuring that the in-band standing wave is as small as possible.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, and fig. 5 to fig. 7, the input ends of four rectangular waveguides on the cross waveguide structure 20 in the present embodiment are respectively connected with a connecting flange, the upper end of the central circular waveguide is connected with a circular flange 211, and the circular connecting disc 30 provided at the lower end of the corrugated horn 3 in the present embodiment is mounted on the circular flange 211 by screws; in addition, in this embodiment, the end surfaces of the first E-surface waveguide 22, the first E-surface waveguide power divider 23, the first input waveguide 24, the second E-surface waveguide 25, the second E-surface waveguide power divider 26, and the second input waveguide 27 are all provided with a connecting flange, so that the cross waveguide structure 20, the first E-surface waveguide 22, the first E-surface waveguide power divider 23, the first input waveguide 24, the second E-surface waveguide 25, the second E-surface waveguide power divider 26, and the second input waveguide 27 are conveniently installed to form the orthomode coupler 2. Further, the input waveguide interfaces of the millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna in the embodiment are two millimeter-wave band standard waveguide ports, and the input waveguide is connected with the orthogonal mode coupler 2 through a standard waveguide flange; in addition, parts on the orthomode coupler 2 in the embodiment are synthesized by aluminum brazing and welding 6063 aluminum alloy. Further, the step and protrusion matching structure 21 in this embodiment is a cylindrical step structure, and the step and protrusion matching structure 21 is composed of two cylinders with different true rows.
Further, a directional diagram of the millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna in the embodiment is shown in fig. 8, a standing wave curve diagram of the millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna in the embodiment is shown in fig. 8, a relative bandwidth of the millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna is 40%, a standing wave in a frequency band is less than 1.35, an antenna gain is greater than 27dBi, a side lobe level is less than-25 dB, a cross polarization level is less than-28 dB, a port isolation is greater than 50dB, and a total length of the millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna is 301 mm.
In addition, in addition to the technical solutions disclosed in the present embodiment, for other structures of the horn antenna and the operation principle thereof in the present invention, reference may be made to conventional technical solutions in the technical field, and these conventional technical solutions are not the gist of the present invention, and the present invention is not set forth herein in detail.
In the present invention, the term "plurality" means two or more unless explicitly defined otherwise. The terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "connected" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; "coupled" may be direct or indirect through an intermediary. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or unit must have a specific direction, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application.
In the description herein, the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiments," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna, comprising:
the orthogonal mode coupler is provided with an input end and an output end;
the inner side of the corrugated horn forms a hollow cavity, a plurality of annular groove bodies with the same circle center are arranged on the inner wall of the corrugated horn at intervals along the axial direction of the corrugated horn, and the input end of the corrugated horn is connected to the output end of the orthogonal mode coupler;
medium lens connects on corrugated horn's the radiation mouth face, medium lens is rotatory hyperboloid structure, medium lens deviates from corrugated horn's side is planar and the circumference interval is equipped with the annular matching groove that a plurality of centre of a circle are the same, and is a plurality of annular matching groove one constitutes impedance transformation layer one, medium lens is located side in the cavity is rotatory hyperboloid form and circumference interval is equipped with the annular matching groove two that a plurality of centre of a circle are the same, and is a plurality of annular matching groove two constitutes impedance transformation layer two.
2. A millimeter-wave band dual polarized horn antenna of claim 1 wherein said first annular matching groove has a depth h1Comprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0003448405910000011
wherein λ iscAnd epsilon is the wavelength corresponding to the central frequency, and epsilon is the relative dielectric constant of the first impedance transformation layer formed by the first annular matching grooves.
3. A millimeter-wave band dual polarized horn antenna of claim 2 wherein the width w of the first annular matching slot1Comprises the following steps:
w1＝0.15*λcwherein λ iscThe wavelength corresponding to the center frequency.
4. Millimeter-wave band dual-polarized loudspeaker according to claim 1The horn antenna is characterized in that the distance p between a plurality of first annular matching grooves1Comprises the following steps:
p1＝0.3*λcwherein λ iscThe wavelength corresponding to the center frequency.
5. A millimeter-wave band dual polarized horn antenna according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the depth h of the second annular matching groove2Comprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0003448405910000021
wherein λ iscAnd epsilon is the wavelength corresponding to the central frequency, and epsilon is the relative dielectric constant of the second impedance conversion layer formed by the annular matching grooves II.
6. A millimeter-wave band dual polarized horn antenna of claim 5, wherein the width w of the second annular matching slot2Comprises the following steps:
w2＝0.15*λcwherein λ iscThe wavelength corresponding to the center frequency.
7. A millimeter-wave band dual polarized horn antenna according to claim 6, wherein the pitch p between a plurality of said second annular matching grooves2Comprises the following steps:
p2＝0.3*λcwherein λ iscThe wavelength corresponding to the center frequency.
8. A millimeter-wave band dual-polarized horn antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the centers of the first annular matching grooves and the second annular matching grooves are all on a first straight line, the first straight line coincides with the central axis of the corrugated horn, and the first annular matching grooves and the second annular matching grooves are respectively arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
9. A millimeter-wave band dual polarized horn antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the corrugated horn comprises an input circular waveguide section, a mode conversion section and a radiation section connected in series, the input circular waveguide section being connected to an output of the orthogonal mode coupler.
10. A millimeter-wave band dual polarized horn antenna according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the orthogonal mode coupler comprises:
the cross waveguide structure comprises four rectangular waveguides which are arranged in a cross manner;
the central circular waveguide is of a hollow columnar structure, is connected to the central position of the upper sides of the four rectangular waveguides and is communicated with the interior of the rectangular waveguides, the upper end of the central circular waveguide is connected with the corrugated horn and is communicated with the hollow cavity in the corrugated horn, a step convex matching structure is arranged on the bottom wall of the cross waveguide structure and is right opposite to the central circular waveguide, the step convex matching structure extends towards the central circular waveguide, and the central line of the step convex matching structure is superposed with the central line of the central circular waveguide;
the number of the E-surface first curved waveguides is two, the two E-surface first curved waveguides are symmetrically arranged by taking the central axis of the corrugated horn as a symmetric center, and the output ends of the two E-surface first curved waveguides are respectively connected to the input ends of the two symmetrically arranged rectangular waveguides;
two E-surface bent waveguides II are arranged, the two E-surface bent waveguides II are symmetrically arranged by taking the central circular waveguide as a symmetric center, and the output ends of the two E-surface bent waveguides II are respectively connected to the input ends of the other two symmetrically arranged rectangular waveguides;
the E-surface waveguide power divider I is of a T-shaped structure, two output ends and one input end are arranged on the E-surface waveguide power divider I, and the input ends of the two E-surface curved waveguides II are respectively connected with the two output ends of the E-surface waveguide power divider I;
the input waveguide I is connected to the input end of the E-plane waveguide power divider I;
the E-surface waveguide power divider II is of a T-shaped structure, two output ends and one input end are arranged on the E-surface waveguide power divider II, and the input ends of the two E-surface waveguide power dividers II are respectively connected with the two output ends of the E-surface waveguide power divider II;
and the second input waveguide is connected to the input end of the second E-plane waveguide power divider.
CN202111656343.XA 2021-12-30 2021-12-30 Millimeter wave band dual polarization horn antenna Pending CN114122715A (en)

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