CN114122698A - Three frequency big dipper navigation antennas of admittance integration - Google Patents
Three frequency big dipper navigation antennas of admittance integration Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
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Abstract
The invention discloses a communication integrated three-frequency Beidou navigation antenna, which comprises: the antenna comprises a coupling gap loading circular ring radiation patch, a first circular dielectric substrate, a branch loading rectangular radiation patch, a slotted ground plate, a metal short circuit column, a second circular dielectric substrate and a filtering type orthogonal feed network; the coupling gap loading circular ring radiation patch comprises a circular ring radiation patch and a circular ring coupling gap; the branch node loading rectangular radiation patch comprises a rectangular coupling feed sheet, a rectangular radiation patch, a circular loading radiation branch node, a bent rectangular loading radiation branch node, a first feed protection hole and a coaxial probe feed port; the slotted ground plate comprises an external circular ground plate, a ground plate circular gap, an internal circular ground plate and a second feed protection hole, the antenna can simultaneously carry out Beidou navigation and short message communication service, and has broadband characteristics in a navigation frequency band and higher gain in a short message receiving and transmitting frequency band.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of multi-frequency antennas, in particular to a communication and conduction integrated three-frequency Beidou navigation antenna.
Background
Compared with satellite navigation systems such as GPS, GLONASS and the like, the China Beidou satellite navigation system (BDS) is a global satellite navigation system developed by China, removes basic navigation services of B1, B2 and B3 frequency bands, and has the characteristics that short message communication service can be provided for users, and the working frequency bands are respectively an L (uplink) frequency band 1615.68 +/-4.08 MHz and an S (downlink) frequency band 2491.75 +/-4.08 MHz.
Aiming at the development and the improvement of the BDS, in recent years, some articles report navigation antenna technologies based on the BDS working frequency band, but neither include basic navigation services nor short message communication services. Some articles adopt a broadband or multi-frequency technology to cover frequency bands such as B1 and B2 of basic navigation services, and widen the 3dB axial ratio beam width of an antenna to improve the performance of the basic navigation antenna, but do not carry out compatible design on the short message service of the Beidou. Part of documents apply the technologies of metamaterials, uneven dielectric substrates, multimode resonance and the like, and a dual-frequency dual-polarization circularly polarized antenna is designed, and has different circularly polarized radiation in two frequency bands, for example, left-handed circularly polarized radiation is carried out in an L frequency band, and right-handed circularly polarized radiation is carried out in an S frequency band, so that the requirements of simultaneously receiving and transmitting signals by Beidou short message service are met, but navigation signals cannot be simultaneously received; and the gain of the unit dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna reported at present is mostly lower (4-6 dBi). The high-gain receiving and transmitting antenna can increase the propagation distance of the transmitted signal, enhance the signal receiving capacity of the antenna and improve the operation quality of a communication system, and has design significance. Therefore, the invention designs a communication integrated three-frequency Beidou navigation antenna, realizes the compatibility of the basic navigation service and the short message service of the BDS system, and has higher gain in the short message receiving and transmitting frequency band.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the problems in the prior art, the invention discloses a communication integrated three-frequency Beidou navigation antenna which is characterized by comprising the following components: the antenna comprises a coupling gap loading circular ring radiation patch, a first circular dielectric substrate, a branch loading rectangular radiation patch, a slotted ground plate, a metal short circuit column, a second circular dielectric substrate and a filtering type orthogonal feed network;
the coupling gap loading ring radiation patch is arranged on the upper layer of the first circular medium substrate and comprises a ring radiation patch and a ring coupling gap; 2 circular ring coupling gaps are arranged in a horizontal and orthogonal mode;
the branch node loading rectangular radiation patch comprises a rectangular coupling feed sheet, a rectangular radiation patch, a round loading radiation branch node, a bent rectangular loading radiation branch node, a first feed protection hole and a coaxial probe feed port; the rectangular coupling feed sheet is arranged on the upper layer of the first circular dielectric substrate, and the rectangular radiation patch, the circular loading radiation branch, the bent rectangular loading radiation branch and the first circular protection hole are arranged on the lower layer of the first circular dielectric substrate; the number of the circular radiation loading branches is 4, the circular radiation loading branches are respectively placed at 4 corners of the rectangular radiation patch, and the sizes of the circular radiation loading branches are different; the number of the bent rectangular loading radiation branches is 4, the bent rectangular loading radiation branches are respectively connected with the middle points of 4 sides of the rectangular radiation patch, and the widths and the lengths of the branches are different; the first feed protection hole is arranged on the diagonal line of the rectangular radiation patch; the coaxial probe feed port is arranged right below the rectangular coupling feed sheet, the outer conductor is connected with the slotted grounding plate, and the inner conductor is connected with the rectangular coupling feed sheet;
the slotted ground plate is arranged on the upper layer of the second circular dielectric substrate and comprises an external circular ground plate, a ground circular gap, an internal circular ground plate and a second feed protection hole; the number of the second feed protection holes is 3, and the second feed protection holes respectively correspond to the annular coupling gap and the first feed protection hole in the vertical direction;
the metal short-circuit column comprises an outer ring metal short-circuit column, an intermediate metal short-circuit column, an inner ring metal short-circuit column, a grounding fixed bonding pad, an outer ring metal short-circuit column, an intermediate metal short-circuit column and an inner ring metal short-circuit column, wherein one end of the outer ring metal short-circuit column is placed on the upper layer of the first circular medium substrate, and the other end of the outer ring metal short-circuit column is placed on the lower layer of the second circular medium substrate and is connected with the grounding fixed bonding pad; the number of the outer ring metal short circuit columns is 12, the angle between every two metal short circuit columns is 30 degrees, and the metal short circuit columns are placed on the outer edge of the annular radiation patch; the number of the middle metal short circuit columns is 12, the angle between every two metal short circuit columns is 30 degrees, the relative deviation angle between the middle metal short circuit columns and the outer ring metal short circuit column is 15 degrees, and the middle metal short circuit columns are placed between the outer edge of the annular radiation patch and the circular coupling gap; the number of the inner ring metal short circuit columns is 12, the angle between every two metal short circuit columns is 30 degrees, and the inner ring metal short circuit columns are placed in the inner edge of the annular radiation patch (11).
Furthermore, the filtering type orthogonal feed network is arranged on the lower layer of the second circular dielectric slab and comprises a branch-loaded third-order filter, a first 50 omega transmission line, a second 50 omega transmission line and a third 50 omega transmission line which cross over the directional coupler;
the branch-loaded third-order filter comprises a first input port, a first open-circuit branch, a first terminal open-circuit coupling line, a second terminal open-circuit coupling line, a first connecting line, a second open-circuit branch, a second connecting line, a third open-circuit branch and a first output port; the first input port is connected with the upper end of a first 50 omega transmission line; the first open-circuit branch knot is connected with the left end of the first terminal open-circuit coupling line; the first connecting line is connected with the right end of the first terminal open-circuit coupling line; the second open-circuit branch knot is connected with the upper end of the first connecting wire and the lower end of the second connecting wire; the right end of the second terminal open-circuit coupling line is connected with the upper end of the second connecting line, and the left end of the second terminal open-circuit coupling line is connected with the third open-circuit branch knot and the first output port.
The first open-circuit branch and the third open-circuit branch are the same in structure; the first terminal open-circuit coupling line and the second terminal open-circuit coupling line are identical in structure; the first connecting line is the same as the second connecting line in structure;
the cross directional coupler comprises a second input port, a second output port, a third output port, a matching port and a cross capacitive coupling line; the second input port is connected with the first output port; the matching port is connected with a 50 omega grounding resistor; the second output port is connected with the right end of the second 50-ohm transmission line; the third output port is connected with the left end of a third 50 omega transmission line;
and the left end of the second 50 omega transmission line and the right end of the third 50 omega transmission line are respectively connected with the annular radiation patch through the feed probe.
Further, the first circular dielectric substrate (2) is positioned right above the second circular dielectric substrate (6); the air gap between the first circular dielectric substrate (2) and the second circular dielectric substrate (6) is set to be 8mm, and the impedance bandwidth of the antenna is increased.
Furthermore, the coupling gap loading circular ring radiation patch (1) is arranged on the upper layer of the first circular medium substrate (2), and the branch knot loading rectangular radiation patch (3) is arranged on the upper layer and the lower layer of the first circular medium substrate (2); through arranging two kinds of radiation paster at the single layer board and realizing multifrequency radiation function, reinforcing antenna integrated level improves the panel utilization ratio, reduces the cost of manufacture.
Furthermore, by setting the sizes and the positions of the outer ring metal short-circuit column and the middle metal short-circuit column, the surface wave on the coupling gap loaded circular ring radiation patch can be weakened, and the backward radiation of the low frequency band of the tri-band antenna can be reduced; by setting the size and the position of the inner ring metal short circuit column, the 3-dB axial ratio beam width of the low frequency band of the three-frequency antenna is widened, and the requirement of the navigation antenna is met.
Furthermore, by setting the size of the circular loading radiation branch and bending the length and the width of the rectangular loading radiation branch, the required radiation mode can be adjusted to two higher working frequency points of the three-frequency antenna; by setting different sizes of the four parts of the circular loading radiation branch and bending different sizes of the four parts of the rectangular loading radiation branch, the axial ratio of the receiving and transmitting frequency bands of the antenna is further optimized, and the circular polarization radiation characteristic of the antenna is improved.
Furthermore, by setting the size of the floor circular ring gap, the energy coupling between the antenna navigation low-frequency band and the receiving and transmitting high-frequency band is reduced, and the interference is reduced.
Furthermore, the filter type orthogonal feed network generates transmission zero at the transceiving frequency point by setting the electrical lengths of the first open-circuit branch knot, the second open-circuit branch knot and the third open-circuit branch knot, so that the interference between the low frequency band and the high frequency band of the three-frequency antenna is further reduced.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the communication and conduction integrated three-frequency Beidou navigation antenna provided by the invention has the following advantages: (1) the antenna has a wider operating band at 1.2GHz, in particular, the 3dB axial ratio beam width is 14.2%, and the B2 frequency band and the B3 frequency band of the BDS system basic navigation service and the L2 frequency band and the L5 frequency band of the GPS system navigation service are covered. (2) The antenna has a high gain characteristic in a short message transceiving frequency band, specifically, the left-hand circular polarization gain at a frequency point of 1.615GHz is 7.82dBi c, and the right-hand circular polarization gain at a frequency point of 2.49GHz is 7.30dBi c. (3) The dual-feed network has stable output amplitude and phase characteristics, can provide stable circularly polarized excitation signals for the antenna, and particularly has the phase error of less than 5 degrees and the amplitude error of less than 0.5dB in frequency bands of B2 and B3 of basic navigation of a BDS system.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a 3D structure of a communication and conduction integrated tri-band Beidou navigation antenna of the invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a communication-conduction integrated triple-band Beidou navigation antenna (without a feed network) according to the invention;
FIG. 3 is a structure diagram of a filtering type quadrature feed network of a communication and conduction integrated three-frequency Beidou navigation antenna;
FIG. 4 is a S parameter curve diagram of a communication and conduction integrated three-frequency Beidou navigation antenna;
FIG. 5 is an axial ratio bandwidth diagram of a communication-conducting integrated tri-band Beidou navigation antenna;
FIG. 6 is a radiation directivity diagram of a communication-conduction integrated tri-band Beidou navigation antenna at 1.2 GHz;
FIG. 7 is a radiation directivity diagram of a communication-guide integrated triple-band Beidou navigation antenna at 1.615 GHz;
FIG. 8 is a radiation directivity diagram of a communication-conduction integrated tri-band Beidou navigation antenna at 2.49 GHz;
FIG. 9 is an S parameter curve diagram of a filtering type orthogonal feed network of the communication and conduction integrated tri-band Beidou navigation antenna;
fig. 10 is a phase difference and amplitude difference curve diagram of an output port of the filtering type quadrature feed network of the communication and conduction integrated tri-band Beidou navigation antenna.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following describes the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention:
as shown in fig. 1,2 and 3, the communication and conduction integrated tri-band beidou navigation antenna comprises: the antenna comprises a coupling gap loading circular ring radiation patch 1, a first circular dielectric substrate 2, a branch loading rectangular radiation patch 3, a slotted ground plate 4, a metal short-circuit column 5, a second circular dielectric substrate 6 and a filtering type quadrature feed network 7; the coupling gap loading circular ring radiation patch 1 is arranged on the upper layer of the first circular medium substrate 2 and comprises a circular ring radiation patch 11 and a circular ring coupling gap 12; the outer diameter of the annular radiation patch 11 is 0.86 lambda1Inner diameter of 0.44 lambda1，(λ1Is the dielectric wavelength at a center frequency of 1.2 GHz); 2 circular ring coupling gaps 12 are arranged in a horizontal and orthogonal mode; the branch-loaded rectangular radiation patch 3 comprises a rectangular coupling feed sheet 31, a rectangular radiation patch 32, a circular loading radiation branch 33, a bent rectangular loading radiation branch 34, a first feed protection hole 35 and a coaxial probe feed port 36; the size of the branch node loaded rectangular radiation patch 3 is 0.67 lambda2×0.67λ2(λ2Is the medium wavelength at a center frequency of 1.615 GHz); the slotted grounding plate 4 is arranged on the upper layer of the second circular dielectric substrate 6 and comprises an external circular grounding plate 41, a floor circular gap 42, an internal circular grounding plate 43 and a second feeding protection hole 44; the inner diameter of the floor circular ring gap 42 is 0.45 lambda2The width of the gap is 0.06 lambda2(ii) a The metal short-circuit column 5 comprises an outer ring metal short-circuit column 51, an intermediate metal short-circuit column 52, an inner ring metal short-circuit column 53 and a grounding fixed pad 54;
the rectangular coupling feed sheet 31 is arranged on the upper layer of the first circular dielectric substrate 2, and the rectangular radiation patch 32, the circular loading radiation branch 33, the bent rectangular loading radiation branch 34 and the first circular protection hole 35 are arranged on the lower layer of the first circular dielectric substrate 2; the number of the circular radiation loading branches 33 is 4, the circular radiation loading branches are respectively placed at 4 corners of the rectangular radiation patch 32, the sizes of the circular radiation loading branches are different, and the radiuses of the circular radiation loading branches are respectively 0.026 lambda2，0.030λ2，0.033λ2And 0.026 λ2(ii) a The number of the bent rectangular loading radiation branches 34 is 4, the bent rectangular loading radiation branches are respectively connected with the middle points of 4 sides of the rectangular radiation patch 32, the widths and the lengths of the branches are different, and the lengths of the branches are respectively 0.24 lambda2，0.26λ2，0.27λ2And 0.27 lambda2(ii) a The first feeding protection hole 35 is placed on a diagonal line of the rectangular radiation patch 32; the coaxial probe feed port 36 is arranged right below the rectangular coupling feed sheet 31, the outer conductor is connected with the slotted grounding plate 4, and the inner conductor is connected with the rectangular coupling feed sheet 31; 3 second feeding protection holes 44 are respectively corresponding to the ring coupling slot 12 and the first feeding protection hole 35 in the vertical direction;
one end of each of the outer ring metal short-circuit column 51, the middle metal short-circuit column 52 and the inner ring metal short-circuit column 53 is arranged on the upper layer of the first circular dielectric substrate 2, and the other end of each of the outer ring metal short-circuit column, the middle metal short-circuit column 52 and the inner ring metal short-circuit column 53 is arranged on the lower layer of the second circular dielectric substrate 6 and is connected with the grounding fixed welding disc 54; 12 outer ring metal short circuit columns 51 are arranged, the angle between every two metal short circuit columns is 30 degrees, and the metal short circuit columns are placed on the outer edge of the annular radiation patch 11; the number of the middle metal short circuit posts 52 is 12, the angle between every two metal short circuit posts is 30 degrees, the relative deviation angle with the outer ring metal short circuit post 51 is 15 degrees, and the two metal short circuit posts are oppositeAt a pitch of 0.08 lambda1And is arranged between the outer edge of the circular ring-shaped radiation patch 11 and the circular coupling gap 12; there are 12 inner circle metal short circuit posts 53, and the angle between every two metal short circuit posts is 30, places in the interior border of ring shape radiation patch 11.
The filtering type orthogonal feed network 7 is arranged on the lower layer of the second circular dielectric plate 6 and comprises a branch-loaded third-order filter 71, a cross directional coupler 72, a first 50 omega transmission line 73, a second 50 omega transmission line 74 and a third 50 omega transmission line 75; the stub-loaded third-order filter 71 includes a first input port 711, a first open-circuit stub 712, a first open-ended coupled line 713, a second open-ended coupled line 714, a first connection line 715, a second open-ended stub 716, a second connection line 717, a third open-ended stub 718, and a first output port 719; the cross directional coupler 72 includes a second input port 721, a second output port 722, a third output port 723, a matching port 724, and a cross capacitively coupled line 725;
the first input port 711 is connected to the upper end of the first 50 Ω transmission line 73; the first open-circuit branch 712 is connected to the left end of the first open-circuit terminal coupling line 713; the first connecting line 716 is connected to the right end of the first open-ended coupling line 713; the second open-circuit branch 716 is connected with the upper end of the first connecting line 715 and the lower end of the second connecting line 717; the right end of the second open-circuit terminal coupled line 714 is connected to the upper end of a second connection line 717, and the left end of the second open-circuit terminal coupled line 714 is connected to the third open-circuit branch 718 and the first output port 719.
The first open-circuit branch 712 and the third open-circuit branch 718 have the same structure, the characteristic impedance is 145.7 omega, and the electrical length is 44 degrees; the first open-ended coupling line 713 and the second open-ended coupling line 714 have the same structure, and the electrical length is 106 degrees; the first connecting line 715 and the second connecting line 717 have the same structure; the characteristic impedance of the second open-circuit branch 716 is 94 Ω, and the electrical length is 65.5 °;
the second input port 722 is connected to the first output port 719; the matching port 724 is connected with a 50 omega grounding resistor; the second output port 722 is connected with the right end of the second 50 Ω transmission line 74; the third output port 723 is connected to the left end of a third 50 Ω transmission line 75; the left end of the second 50 Ω transmission line 74 and the right end of the third 50 Ω transmission line 75 are connected to the circular radiating patch 11 through feeding probes respectively.
A three frequency big dipper navigation antennas of lead to integration realize multifrequency radiation function through arranging two kinds of radiation paster at single layer board, reinforcing antenna integration, improve the panel utilization ratio, reduce the cost of manufacture. The impedance bandwidth of the antenna is increased by setting the air gap between the first circular dielectric substrate 2 and the second circular dielectric substrate 6 to be 8 mm. By setting the sizes and the positions of the outer ring metal short-circuit column 51 and the middle metal short-circuit column 52, the surface wave on the coupling gap loaded circular ring radiation patch 1 can be weakened, and the backward radiation of the low frequency band of the tri-band antenna can be reduced; by setting the size and the position of the inner ring metal short circuit column 53, the 3-dB axial ratio beam width of the low frequency band of the three-frequency antenna is widened, and the requirement of the navigation antenna is met. The length and the width of the rectangular loading radiation branch 34 are bent by setting the size of the circular loading radiation branch 33, so that the required radiation mode can be adjusted to two higher working frequency points of the tri-band antenna; by setting different sizes of the four parts of the circular loading radiation branch 33 and different sizes of the four parts of the bent rectangular loading radiation branch 34, the axial ratio of the receiving and transmitting frequency bands of the antenna is further optimized, and the circular polarization radiation characteristic of the antenna is improved. By setting the size of the floor circular ring gap 42, the energy coupling between the antenna navigation low frequency band and the receiving and transmitting high frequency band is reduced, and the interference is reduced. By setting the electrical lengths of the first open-circuit branch 712, the second open-circuit branch 716 and the third open-circuit branch 718, the filtering type quadrature feed network 7 generates transmission zero at the transceiving frequency point, and further reduces the interference between the low frequency band and the high frequency band of the triple-frequency antenna.
The technical indexes adopted by the invention are as follows:
center frequency of the three frequency bands: 1.2GHz, 1.615GHz, 2.49GHz
Polarization mode: RHCP, LHCP, RHCP
Axial ratio bandwidth at a working frequency point: > 7% (B2, B3), > 0.51% (L), > 0.32% (S)
-10dB impedance bandwidth at operating frequency point: including the above axial ratio bandwidth
Feed network-10 dB impedance bandwidth: > 20%
The amplitude difference between output ports at the working frequency points of the feed network is as follows: <0.5dB
Phase difference between output ports at working frequency points of the feed network: <5 °
Fig. 4 and 5 are S-parameter curves and axial ratio bandwidth curves, respectively, for an antenna. The result shows that at 1.2GHz, the 10dB impedance bandwidth of the antenna is 1.11 GHz-1.42 GHz, the relative bandwidth is 25.8%, the 3dB axial ratio bandwidth is 1.14 GHz-1.31 GHz, the relative bandwidth is 14.2%, and the B2 frequency band (1207.14MHz +/-2.046 MHz) and the B3 frequency band (1268.52MHz +/-10.23 MHz) of the basic navigation service of the BDS system, and the L2 frequency band (1227.6MHz +/-1.023 MHz) and the L5 frequency band (1176.45MHz +/-10.23 MHz) of the navigation service of the GPS system are covered; at 1.615GHz, the 10dB impedance bandwidth of the antenna is 1.575 GHz-1.629 GHz, the relative bandwidth is 3.3%, the 3dB axial ratio bandwidth is 1.610 GHz-1.622 GHz, the relative bandwidth is 0.74%, and the L uplink frequency band of the BDS system is covered; at 2.49GHz, the 10dB impedance bandwidth of the antenna is 2.39 GHz-2.54 GHz, the relative bandwidth is 6%, the 3dB axial ratio bandwidth is 2.475 GHz-2.505 GHz, the relative bandwidth is 1.2%, and the S downlink frequency band of the BDS system is covered. The antenna meets the requirement of the BDS system on the working frequency band at three frequency points.
Fig. 6, 7 and 8 are radiation directivity patterns of the antenna at 1.2GHz, 1.615GHz and 2.49GHz, respectively. The results show that the antenna has right hand circular polarization at 1.2GHz, left hand circular polarization at 1.615GHz, and right hand circular polarization at 2.49GHz, and gains at three frequency points of 5.62dBic, 7.82dBic, and 7.30dBic, respectively. The antenna has the functions of receiving navigation signals, transmitting and receiving short messages, and has higher gain characteristics when transmitting and receiving the short messages.
As shown in fig. 9, the return loss of the filter type quadrature feed network provided by the present invention is greater than 10dB in the frequency range of 0.92GHz to 1.38GHz (38.3%); the insertion loss of the two output ports from 1.58GHz to 2.63GHz is more than 25 dB. The feed network provided by the invention has wider passband characteristics and good out-of-band rejection characteristics; as shown in fig. 10, the phase difference between the two output ports of 1.0GHz to 1.34GHz is 90 ° ± 5 °, and the amplitude difference between the two output ports of 1.09GHz to 1.30GHz is less than 0.5dB, which indicates that the dual feed network proposed by the present invention has a relatively stable output amplitude and phase in a broadband range.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a three frequency big dipper navigation antennas of admittance integration which characterized in that includes: the antenna comprises a coupling gap loading circular ring radiation patch (1), a first circular dielectric substrate (2), a branch loading rectangular radiation patch (3), a slotted ground plate (4), a metal short-circuit column (5), a second circular dielectric substrate (6) and a filtering type quadrature feed network (7);
the coupling gap loading circular ring radiation patch (1) comprises a circular ring radiation patch (11) and a circular ring coupling gap (12), the coupling gap loading circular ring radiation patch (1) is arranged on the upper layer of the first circular medium substrate (2), and the 2 circular ring coupling gaps (12) are arranged in a horizontal and orthogonal mode;
the branch-loaded rectangular radiation patch (3) comprises a rectangular coupling feed sheet (31), a rectangular radiation patch (32), a circular loading radiation branch (33), a bent rectangular loading radiation branch (34), a first feed protection hole (35) and a coaxial probe feed port (36); the rectangular coupling feed sheet (31) is arranged on the upper layer of the first circular dielectric substrate (2), and the rectangular radiation patch (32), the circular loading radiation branch (33), the bent rectangular loading radiation branch (34) and the first circular protection hole (35) are arranged on the lower layer of the first circular dielectric substrate (2); the number of the circular radiation loading branches (33) is 4, the circular radiation loading branches are respectively placed at 4 corners of the rectangular radiation patch (32), and the sizes of the circular radiation loading branches are different; the number of the bent rectangular loading radiation branches (34) is 4, the bent rectangular loading radiation branches are respectively connected with the middle points of the four sides of the rectangular radiation patch (32), and the widths and the lengths of the branches are different; the first feeding protection hole (35) is arranged on the diagonal line of the rectangular radiation patch (32); the coaxial probe feed port (36) is arranged right below the rectangular coupling feed sheet (31), an outer conductor of the coaxial probe feed port (36) is connected with the slotted grounding plate (4), and an inner conductor of the coaxial probe feed port (36) is connected with the rectangular coupling feed sheet (31);
the slotted grounding plate (4) is arranged on the upper layer of the second circular dielectric substrate (6), and the slotted grounding plate (4) comprises an outer circular grounding plate (41), a floor circular gap (42), an inner circular grounding plate (43) and a second feeding protection hole (44); the number of the second feed protection holes (44) is 3, and the second feed protection holes respectively correspond to the annular coupling slot (12) and the first feed protection hole (35) in the vertical direction;
the metal short circuit column (5) comprises an outer ring metal short circuit column (51), an intermediate metal short circuit column (52), an inner ring metal short circuit column (53) and a grounding fixed welding pad (54), one end of the outer ring metal short circuit column (51), one end of the intermediate metal short circuit column (52) and one end of the inner ring metal short circuit column (53) are placed on the upper layer of the first circular medium substrate (2), and the other end of the outer ring metal short circuit column (51), one end of the intermediate metal short circuit column (52) and one end of the inner ring metal short circuit column (53) are arranged on the lower layer of the second circular medium substrate (6) and are connected with the grounding fixed welding pad (54); 12 outer ring metal short circuit columns (51) are arranged at the outer edge of the annular radiation patch (11), and the angle between every two metal short circuit columns is 30 degrees; the number of the middle metal short-circuit columns (52) is 12, the angle between every two metal short-circuit columns is 30 degrees, the relative deviation angle between the middle metal short-circuit columns and the outer ring metal short-circuit column (51) is 15 degrees, and the middle metal short-circuit columns are arranged between the outer edge of the circular radiation patch (11) and the circular coupling gap (12); the inner ring metal short circuit columns (53) are 12, the angle between every two metal short circuit columns is 30 degrees, and the metal short circuit columns are placed in the inner edge of the annular radiation patch (11);
the filtering type orthogonal feed network (7) is arranged on the lower layer of the second circular dielectric plate (6), and the filtering type orthogonal feed network (7) comprises a branch loading third-order filter (71), a cross directional coupler (72), a first 50 omega transmission line (73), a second 50 omega transmission line (74) and a third 50 omega transmission line (75);
the branch-loaded third-order filter (71) comprises a first input port (711), a first open-circuit branch (712), a first open-circuit terminal coupling line (713), a second open-circuit terminal coupling line (714), a first connecting line (715), a second open-circuit branch (716), a second connecting line (717), a third open-circuit branch (718) and a first output port (719); the first input port (711) is connected with the upper end of a first 50 omega transmission line (73); the first open-circuit branch (712) is connected with one end of a first open-circuit terminal coupling line (713); the first connecting line (716) is connected with the other end of the first open-ended coupling line (713); the second open-circuit branch (716) is connected with the upper end of the first connecting line (715) and the lower end of the second connecting line (717); one end of the second open-circuit terminal coupling line (714) is connected with the upper end of a second connecting line (717), and the other end of the second open-circuit terminal coupling line (714) is connected with a third open-circuit branch (718) and a first output port (719);
the cross directional coupler (72) comprises a second input port (721), a second output port (722), a third output port (723), a matching port (724), and a cross capacitively coupled line (725); the second input port (722) is connected with the first output port (719); the matching port (724) is connected with a 50 omega grounding resistor; the second output port (722) is connected with one end of a second 50 omega transmission line (74); the third output port (723) is connected with one end of a third 50 omega transmission line (75);
the other end of the second 50 omega transmission line (74) and the other end of the third 50 omega transmission line (75) are respectively connected with the annular radiation patch (11) through a feed probe.
2. The communication-conduction integrated tri-band Beidou navigation antenna is characterized in that: the first circular dielectric substrate (2) is positioned right above the second circular dielectric substrate (6); and a certain air gap is arranged between the first circular dielectric substrate (2) and the second circular dielectric substrate (6).
3. The communication-conduction integrated tri-band Beidou navigation antenna is characterized in that: the coupling gap loading circular ring radiation patch (1) is arranged on the upper layer of the first circular medium substrate (2), and the branch section loading rectangular radiation patch (3) is arranged on the upper layer and the lower layer of the first circular medium substrate (2).
4. The communication-conduction integrated tri-band Beidou navigation antenna is characterized in that: the size of the circular loading radiation branch (33) and the length and the width of the bent rectangular loading radiation branch (34) are set to regulate and control the required radiation mode to two higher working frequency points of the three-frequency antenna; the axial ratio and the circularly polarized radiation characteristic of the receiving and transmitting frequency bands of the antenna are regulated and controlled by setting different sizes of the four parts of the circular loading radiation branch (33) and different sizes of the four parts of the bent rectangular loading radiation branch (34).
5. The communication-conduction integrated tri-band Beidou navigation antenna is characterized in that: the coupling energy between the antenna navigation low-frequency band and the receiving and transmitting high-frequency band is regulated and controlled by setting the size of the floor circular ring gap (42).
6. The communication-conduction integrated tri-band Beidou navigation antenna is characterized in that: the electrical lengths of the first open-circuit branch (712), the second open-circuit branch (716) and the third open-circuit branch (718) are set, so that the filter type orthogonal feed network (7) is controlled to generate transmission zero at a receiving and transmitting frequency point, and the interference between a low frequency band and a high frequency band of the three-frequency antenna is reduced.
7. The integrated three-frequency Beidou navigation system antenna of claim 1, wherein the first open-circuit branch (712) and the third open-circuit branch (718) are identical in structure; the first open-ended coupled line (713) and the second open-ended coupled line (714) have the same structure; the first connecting line (715) and the second connecting line (717) have the same structure.
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Application publication date: 20220301 Assignee: Hangzhou Jianghui Technology Co.,Ltd. Assignor: Dalian Maritime University Contract record no.: X2023210000307 Denomination of invention: An integrated three band Beidou navigation antenna for communication and navigation Granted publication date: 20220802 License type: Common License Record date: 20231215 |
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